pavlina fragkou 1 pci-2014 comparison of e-gif ontology for greek public sector with w3c core...

Pavlina Fragkou 1 PCI-2014

Comparison of E-Gif Ontology for Greek Public Sector with W3C

Core Vocabularies

Pavlina FragkouDepartment of Informatics, Technological

Educational Institute of Athens,

Ag. Spyridona, Egaleo, GR-122 10 Greece


Current Status – The Problem Public sector information is organized in non unified way The vocabulary used by governmental portal differs. The problem: Examination of the similarities between:

A. The vocabulary found in portals that describe profession activities in each country's Point of Single Contact site. SPOCS project performed an analysis and data model.

B. The Core Public Sector Vocabulary (CPSV) created by the European Commission via ISA (Interoperability Solutions for European Public Administrations) project

C. The Greek E-gif Ontology used to organize information found in Greek Public Administration Portal ERMIS and Greek PSC (three-party comparison – mapping)


Data Description (1) SPOCS FP7 project – Simple Procedures Online for Cross-border

Services – aims at providing seamless cross-border electronic procedures for setting up a business in another EU country in the context of the Directive 123/2006/EC.

SPOCS examines how information is organized in every Points of Single Contact (EUGO) portal and tries to identify similarities between them (first level comparison).

SPOCS created its own vocabulary – data model.


Data Description (2) ISA project created the Core Public Service Vocabulary (CPSV) i.e., an

extensible data model that captures the fundamental characteristics of a service (i.e. profession) offered by public administration.

CPSV aims to offer a technology independent, generic representation of a service.

It also allows public administrations to describe a service using a standard and machine-readable vocabulary making such a description re-used by other governmental portals i.e. act as prototype vocabulary.


Figure 2. The UML Diagram for the Core Public Service Vocabulary

Data Description (3)


Data Description (4) Greek e-GIF ontology models concepts and relations that are used

in the ERMIS Greek portal for Public Administration and Greek PSC.

It contains a list of rules for the provision of e-Government services to public bodies, businesses and citizens in a unified manner.

Greek E-Gif Ontology was created independently i.e. as a separate process to both SPOCS survey – data model and to CPSV effort.


Figure 1. The top level of the Greek E-Gif Ontology

Data Description (5)


The ISA Pilot Study & its extension(1) SPOCS project performed an initial case study which

involved comparison of four service descriptions. Lithuania – Permission for Temporary Provision of

Architect’s Services. Portugal – Tourism Entertainment Companies Registration

Service. Malta – Obtaining a real estate license. Slovenia –Temporary entry in Slovene directory of architects.

As a result, SPOCS created a data model – vocabulary.

ISA pilot was based on the SPOCS case study focusing on the same services.


The ISA Pilot Study & its extension(2) The ISA pilot had the following objectives:

to demonstrate that the Core Public Service Vocabulary (CPSV) can be used as a foundational RDF Vocabulary to homogenize public service data that originates from e-Government portals;

to demonstrate that the use of common controlled vocabularies can greatly facilitate the search for public services.

Practically, to map CPSV to SPOCS vocabulary. An additional mapping involving Greek E-Gif Ontology

with SPOCS vocabulary and CPSV was performed in this paper for the same services.


Results (1) The comparison proved that SPOCS vocabulary – data

model and Greek E-Gif ontology can be mapped to CPSV vocabulary. However: CSPV use a one-level representation, making automatic

matching with SPOCS data model and Greek E-Gif Ontology harder.

Whilst there was some loss of data, the benefits of the homogenize approach readily outweigh this loss.

CPSV and Greek E-Gif Ontology use a more structured representation (multiple classes and relationships) than SPOCS data model. SPOCS performed a simpler comparison - study.


Results (2) The majority of the properties of the entity-class

Service of the Greek E-Gif Ontology are mapped to ones of the SPOCS vocabulary and CSPV.

Exceptions to this are that, Greek E-Gif Ontology models the LegalBasis attribute and Documents as separate classes.

Overall, the CPSV provides a good framework that can be used to describe public services.


Mapping between the SPOCS vocabulary, CPSV terms and Greek E-Gif Ontology attributes (1)

SPOCS attribute SPOCS definition CPSV term Greek E-Gif Ontology attribute

Name The official name of the service. skos:prefLabel hasTitle

The unofficial short name of the service. dcterms:title The unofficial short name of the service. hasTitle

Abbreviation The abbreviation of the service. skos:altLabel None

ServiceOutlineThe ServiceOutline is a short description of the service giving an overview about the scope and purpose of the service.

None None

ServiceDescription

The ServiceDescription gives a comprehensivedescription of the purpose and scope of the service.

dcterms:description hasDescription

ServiceConsumer

ServiceConsumers gives an overview who is the audience or the target group of the offered service. It also defines the scope of the service.

foaf:Agent, linked using cpsv:uses None

ProcedureDescription

ProcedureDesciption is describing the activities of the procedure of the service. This is the textual description how the procedure for this service will be enforced including the process steps of the customer and the responsible CA.

cpsv:Rule linked from the service using cpsv:follows

hasServiceComment

ProcedureModel

The structured description or modelled view of the procedure. Based on the textual description the ProcedureModel defines in a specificmodelling notation the process, communication and information flow of the procedure.

Not mapped. hasModelService


Mapping between the SPOCS vocabulary, CPSV terms and Greek E-Gif Ontology attributes (2)SPOCS attribute SPOCS definition CPSV term Greek E-Gif Ontology attribute

ServiceAgency

The agency that is providing the service operationally (CA) to the customer (SP).The ServiceAgency is the executor of the procedure and contact for specific questions regarding the service.

These two attributes are not included in the CPSV but could readily be modelled using cpsv:playsRole or a newly minted subproperty thereof. ORG provides mechanisms to model more specific relationships.

hasPublicbodycategory

ServiceIntermediary

ServiceIntermediaries are broker or one-stop shops regarding the service (e.g. citizen bureaus). They are primary contacts for the communicationwith the customer, but not responsible for detailed questions.

None

DescriptionOwnerThe organisation that is responsible for describing the service.

Not mapped hasPublicbody

ServiceOwnerThe agency that is responsible for the service.

foaf:Agent, linked from the service using cpsv:provides

ContactPerson A physical person the user can contact not mapped hasServiceComment

Fees

The fees are describing all dues and rates that have to be paid for using the service. As some services have fees that are dependentto individual aspects of the service it is justa textual description. The description includes also the payment methods and conditions.

cpsv:Input (linked from the service using cpsv:hasInput).

hasServiceCost

Respites

Respites are describing the time limits and durations regarding the procedure of the service. The description details for each time limit or duration the conditions for start and/or end.

dcterms:PeriodOfTime linked from the service using dcterms:temporal

hasDeliveryTime

ProfessionA profession describes the related business domains for the service. It is directly related to the scope description.

Not mapped None



LegalBasis

LegalBasis describes what laws and legal or administrative regulations are related to the service. The text can include links to the legal text.

cpsv:FormalFramework linked from a Rule using cpsv:implements

hasLegalFrameworkisIssuedWithJointMinistrialDecision

Forms

Forms are structured documents for receiving information from the customer. Forms contains descriptions what forms need to be filled applying for the service. The text can include links to online forms or external eServices.


The entity-class Document of the Greek PSC

NeededDocuments

NeededDocuments describes what documents are necessary during the different steps of the application procedure. Information has to be structured to show when and under which conditions documents have to be provided by the customer. NeededDocuments can be related to aDocumentType.


PreConditionsPreCondition describes which conditions need to be fulfilled for starting with the application procedure. cpsv:Rule linked from the service using

cpsv:follows

hasPrerequisiteshasDemandOnPresenceInSubmissionhasDemandOnPresenceInReceipt

PostConditionsPostCondition describes which conditions need to be fulfilled at the end of the application procedure.

None

FurtherInformationFurtherInformation links to external web pages or online documents providing information related to the service.

foaf:homepage, rdfs:seeAlso etc. hasWebSite



ServiceOutput

ServiceOutput defines the outcome of the service (product or status) and thus the result ofthe procedure.

cpsv:Output linked from the service using cpsv:produces

The entity-class Document of the Greek PSC

ID

The identifier (ID) is the unique element.It is valid within a namespace (incl. country code and business domain) and a version number.

The URI of the service hasIdentifier

DescriptionDateTimeDescriptionDateTime defines when thedescription of the service was provided.

Not mapped None

Status Status describes the status of the service. Not mapped

IsFinalServicehasServiceTypehasLifeEventisModelService

ValidityStartValidityStart defines the starting datewhere the service is available.

dcterms:PeriodOfTime linked from the service using dcterms:temporal

hasServiceStartEvent

ValidityEndValidityEnd defines the ending date where the service is not available anymore.

hasServiceEndEvent

TerritoryTerritory is the area where the service is available and legally usable.

dcterms:Location linked from the service using dcterms:spatial

None

KeywordsKeywords are wordings that are relevant to the service.

Not mapped HasKeywords

BusinessEvent

A certain stage in the business lifecycle with which a bundle of services is associated with. The BusinessEvent represents a certain group of needs of the SPs related to their activities.

Not mapped hasBusiness Event


Conclusions – Future Work Even though Greek E-GIF ontology was created

independently from the other vocabularies, still is very similar to SPOCS and very close to the Core Public Sector Vocabulary.

In the future, we plan to transform Greek Point of Single Contact web pages to RDF Vocabulary in order to be given as input to a Linked Data System architecture, interconnecting semantically similar web pages between PSC's belonging to different member states.

Such data linkage would help citizens and companies to easily compare information regarding the same profession appearing in web pages.