pavimento flexible- specifications p-401 and 403

8/20/2019 PAVIMENTO FLEXIBLE- Specifications P-401 and 403

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PART V – FLEXIBLE SURFACE COURSESITEM P-401 PLANT MIX BITUMINOUS PAVEMENTS

DESCRIPTION

401-1.1 This item shall consist of pavement courses composed of mineral aggregate and bituminous material mixed

in a central mixing plant and placed on a prepared course in accordance ith these specifications and shall conformto the lines! grades! thic"nesses! and t#pical cross sections shon on the plans$ Each course shall be constructed to

the depth! t#pical section! and elevation re%uired b# the plans and shall be rolled! finished! and approved before the

placement of the next course$

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

This speciic!"i#$ is i$"e$%e% "# &e 'se% #( "he s'(!ce c#'(se #( !i(ie)% )ei&)e p!+e,e$"s

s'&ec" "# !i(c(!" )#!%i$s # (#ss /eih"s (e!"e( "h!$ 1200 p#'$%s 3250 67 !$% is "#

!pp)8 /i"hi$ "he )i,i"s # "he p!+e,e$" %esi$e% #( ')) )#!% &e!(i$ c!p!ci"8.

The %i,e$si#$s !$% %ep"h # "he 9s'(!ce c#'(se: #( /hich "his speciic!"i#$ !pp)ies sh!))

&e "h!" !s is %ei$e% &8 "he E$i$ee(;s p!+e,e$" %esi$ !s pe(#(,e% i$ !cc#(%!$ce /i"h

FAA A%+is#(8 Ci(c')!( 120e% &!se c#'(ses &i$%e( c#'(ses

!$%

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

&'TERI'(S

401-.1 AREATE. 'ggregates shall consist of crushed stone! crushed gravel! or crushed slag ith or ithout

natural sand or other inert finel# divided mineral aggregate$ The portion of combined materials retained on the No$

) *)$+, mm- sieve is coarse aggregate$ The portion of combined materials passing the No$ ) *)$+, mm- sieve andretained on the No$ .// */$/+, mm- sieve is fine aggregate! and the portion passing the No$ .// */$/+, mm- sieve is

mineral filler$

!. C#!(se A(e!"e. Coarse aggregate shall consist of sound! tough! durable particles! free from adherentfilms of matter that ould prevent thorough coating and bonding ith the bituminous material and be free from

organic matter and other deleterious substances$ The percentage of ear shall not be greater than )/ percent hen

tested in accordance ith 'ST& C 010$ The sodium sulfate soundness loss shall not exceed 0/ percent! or the

magnesium sulfate soundness loss shall not exceed 01 percent! after five c#cles! hen tested in accordance ith'ST& C 22$


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* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

A(e!"es /i"h ! hihe( pe(ce$"!e )#ss # /e!( #( s#'$%$ess ,!8 &e speciie% i$ )ie' #

"h#se !+e p(#+i%e% ! s!"is!c"#(8 se(+ice (ec#(% '$%e( si,i)!( c#$%i"i#$s # se(+ice !$%

ep#s'(e h!s &ee$ %e,#$s"(!"e%.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

'ggregate shall contain at least percent b# eight of individual pieces having to or more fractured faces and percent b# eight having at least one fractured face$ The area of each face shall be e%ual to at least +, percentof the smallest midsectional area of the piece$ 3hen to fractured faces are contiguous! the angle beteen the

planes of fractures shall be at least 1/ degrees to count as to fractured faces$ 4ractured faces shall be obtained b#

crushing$

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

F#( p!+e,e$"s %esi$e% #( !i(c(!" (#ss /eih"s # 0000 p#'$%s 35 00 67 #( ,#(e "he

E$i$ee( sh!)) speci8 50 pe(ce$" #( "/# (!c"'(e% !ces !$% D2 pe(ce$" #( #$e (!c"'(e%

!ce. F#( p!+e,e$"s %esi$e% #( !i(c(!" (#ss /eih"s )ess "h!$ 0000 p#'$%s 35 00 67

"he E$i$ee( sh!)) speci8 20 pe(ce$" #( "/# (!c"'(e% !ces !$% 2 pe(ce$" #( #$e

(!c"'(e% !ce.

I$ !(e!s /he(e s)! is $#" !+!i)!&)e #( %esi(e% "he (ee(e$ces "# i" sh#')% &e %e)e"e% (#, !))

!(e!"e p!(!(!phs.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

The aggregate shall not contain more than a total of 2 percent! b# eight! of flat particles , elongated particles! andflat and elongated particles , hen tested in accordance ith 'ST& D )+50 ith a value of ,60$

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

The E$i$ee( ,!8 speci8 ASTM 451 /i"h ! (!"i# # =G1. I s# (ep)!ce "he !+e

p!(!(!ph !s #))#/sG 9The !(e!"e sh!)) $#" c#$"!i$ ,#(e "h!$ ! "#"!) # 0 pe(ce$" &8/eih" # )!" p!("ic)es e)#$!"e% p!("ic)es !$% )!" !$% e)#$!"e% p!("ic)es /he$ "es"e% i$

!cc#(%!$ce /i"h ASTM 451 /i"h ! +!)'e # =G1.:

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Slag shall be air7cooled! blast furnace slag! and shall have a compacted eight of not less than +/ pounds per cubic

foot *0$0. mg8cubic meter- hen tested in accordance ith 'ST& C .5$

&. Fi$e A(e!"e. 4ine aggregate shall consist of clean! sound! durable! angular shaped particles produced b#

crushing stone! slag! or gravel that meets the re%uirements for ear and soundness specified for coarse aggregate$

The aggregate particles shall be free from coatings of cla#! silt! or other ob9ectionable matter and shall contain nocla# balls$ The fine aggregate! including an# blended material for the fine aggregate! shall have a plasticit# index of

not more than : and a li%uid limit of not more than ., hen tested in accordance ith 'ST& D )102$

Natural *nonmanufactured- sand ma# be used to obtain the gradation of the aggregate blend or to improve theor"abilit# of the mix$ The amount of sand to be added ill be ad9usted to produce mixtures conforming to

re%uirements of this specification$ The i$e !(e!"e sh!)) $#" c#$"!i$ ,#(e "h!$ 12 pe(ce$" $!"'(!) s!$% &8

/eih" # "#"!) !(e!"es. If used! the natural sand shall meet the re%uirements of 'ST& D 0/+1 and shall have a

plasticit# index of not more than : and a li%uid limit of not more than ., hen tested in accordance ith 'ST& D)102$

The aggregate shall have sand e%uivalent values of or greater hen tested in accordance ith 'ST& D .)05$


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* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

T8pic!))8 "he s!$% eH'i+!)e$" +!)'e sh#')% &e 42 '$)ess )#c!) c#$%i"i#$s (eH'i(e )#/e( +!)'e.

The !%%i"i#$ # $!"'(!) s!$% "# ! ,i c#$"!i$i$ !)) c('she% c#!(se !$% i$e !(e!"es /i))

$#(,!))8 i$c(e!se i"s /#(6!&i)i"8 !$% c#,p!c"!&i)i"8. #/e+e( "he !%%i"i#$ # ecessi+e

!,#'$"s # $!"'(!) s!$% "e$%s "# %ec(e!se "he s"!&i)i"8 # "he ,i"'(e. The (eH'i(e,e$" #(! s!$% eH'i+!)e$" +!)'e # 42 's'!))8 )i,i"s "he 'se # $!"'(!) s!$%? h#/e+e( "he ,!i,',

# 12 pe(ce$" $!"'(!) s!$% ,!8 &e i$c)'%e% #( )#c!"i#$s /he(e )#/ s"!&i)i"ies !(e ! ch(#$ic

p(#&)e,.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

c. S!,p)i$. 'ST& D +, shall be used in sampling coarse and fine aggregate! and 'ST& C 021 shall be

used in sampling mineral filler$

401-. MINERAL FILLER. If filler! in addition to that naturall# present in the aggregate! is necessar#! it shall

meet the re%uirements of 'ST& D .).$

401-.= BITUMINOUS MATERIAL. ;ituminous material shall conform to the folloing re%uirements6 $

< < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < <

Asph!)" ce,e$" &i$%e( sh!)) c#$#(, "# AASTO M=0 Pe(#(,!$ce (!%e 3P7 JJJJJ

ASTM ==D1 T!&)e 1 #( = Visc#si"8 (!%eASTM 4 Pe$e"(!"i#$ (!%e JJJJJ.

Tes" %!"! i$%ic!"i$ (!%e ce("iic!"i#$ sh!)) &e p(#+i%e% &8 "he s'pp)ie( !" "he "i,e #

%e)i+e(8 # e!ch )#!% "# "he ,i p)!$". C#pies # "hese ce("iic!"i#$s sh!)) &e s'&,i""e% "# "he

E$i$ee(. The E$i$ee( sh!)) speci8 "he (!%e # &i"',i$#'s ,!"e(i!) &!se% #$

e#(!phic!) )#c!"i#$ !$% c)i,!"ic c#$%i"i#$s. Asph!)" I$s"i"'"e S'pe(p!+e Se(ies N#. 1 3SP-

17 p(#+i%es 'i%!$ce #$ "he se)ec"i#$ # pe(#(,!$ce (!%e% &i$%e(s. T!&)e VI-1 Se)ec"i$

Asph!)" (!%e c#$"!i$e% i$ "he Asph!)" I$s"i"'"eKs M!$'!) Se(ies-1 3MS-17 p(#+i%es

'i%!$ce #$ "he se)ec"i#$ # !sph!)" "8pe. F#( c#)% c)i,!"es T!&)e # ASTM ==D1 ,!8 &e

speciie% "# ,i$i,i>e "he s'scep"i&i)i"8 #( "he(,!) c(!c6i$. The E$i$ee( sh#')% &e !/!(e

"h!" P !sph!)" &i$%e(s ,!8 c#$"!i$ ,#%iie(s "h!" (eH'i(e e)e+!"e% ,ii$ !$% c#,p!c"i#$"e,pe(!"'(es "h!" ecee% "he "e,pe(!"'(es speciie% i$ I"e, P-401.

(!%es # s#,e ,!"e(i!)s !(e )is"e% &e)#/G

NOTEG Pe(#(,!$ce (!%e% 3P7 !sph!)" &i$%e(s sh#')% &e speciie% /he(e+e( !+!i)!&)e.

The s!,e (!%e P &i$%e( 'se% &8 "he s"!"e hih/!8 %ep!(",e$" i$ "he !(e! sh#')% &e

c#$si%e(e% !s "he &!se (!%e #( "he p(#ec" 3e.. "he (!%e "8pic!))8 speciie% i$ "h!" speciic

)#c!"i#$ #( %e$se (!%e% ,ies #$ hih/!8s /i"h %esi$ EH'i+!)e$" S"!$%!(% A)e L#!%s

3ESALS7 )ess "h!$ 10 ,i))i#$7. The ecep"i#$ /#')% &e "h!" (!%es /i"h ! )#/ "e,pe(!"'(e

hihe( "h!$ P XX- sh#')% $#" &e 'se% 3e.. P XX-1 #( P XX-107 '$)ess "he E$i$ee(

h!s h!% s'ccess') epe(ie$ce /i"h "he,. T8pic!))8 ('""i$ is $#" ! p(#&)e, #$ !i(p#("

('$/!8s. #/e+e( !" !i(p#("s /i"h ! his"#(8 # s"!c6i$ #$ e$% # ('$/!8s !$% "!i/!8

!(e!s ('""i$ h!s !cc('e% %'e "# "he s)#/ spee% # )#!%i$ #$ "he p!+e,e$". I "he(e h!s&ee$ ('""i$ #$ "he p(#ec" #( i" is !$"icip!"e% "h!" s"!c6i$ ,!8 !cc('e %'(i$ "he %esi$

)ie # "he p(#ec" "he$ "he #))#/i$ (!%e &',pi$ sh#')% &e !pp)ie% #( "he "#p 12 ,,

32 i$ches7 # p!+i$ i$ "he e$% # ('$/!8 !$% "!i/!8 !(e!sG #( !i(c(!" "i(e p(ess'(e

&e"/ee$ 100 !$% 00 psi i$c(e!se "he hih "e,pe(!"'(e #$e (!%e? #( !i(c(!" "i(e p(ess'(e

(e!"e( "h!$ 00 psi i$c(e!se "he hih "e,pe(!"'(e "/# (!%es. E!ch (!%e !%'s",e$" is

%e(ees C. P#)8,e( M#%iie% Asph!)" PMA h!s sh#/$ "# pe(#(, +e(8 /e)) i$ "hese !(e!s.

The )#/ "e,pe(!"'(e (!%e sh#')% (e,!i$ "he s!,e.

A%%i"i#$!) (!%e &',pi$ !$% (!%e se)ec"i#$ i$#(,!"i#$ is i+e$ i$ T!&)e A.


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T!&)e A. Bi$%e( (!%e Se)ec"i#$ !$% (!%e B',pi$

B!se% #$ (#ss Ai(c(!" @eih".

Ai(c(!" (#ss @eih"

3p#'$%s7

ih Te,pe(!"'(e A%'s",e$" "#

B!se Bi$%e( (!%e

P!+e,e$" T8peR'$/!8 T!i/!8


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c. Mi$e(!) Fi))e(.

%. Bi"',i$#'s M!"e(i!). Test results for bituminous material shall include temperature8viscosit# charts for

mixing and compaction temperatures$

The certification*s- shall sho the appropriate 'ST& test*s- for each material! the test results! and a statement that

the material meets the specification re%uirement$

The Engineer ma# re%uest samples for testing! prior to and during production! to verif# the %ualit# of the materials

and to ensure conformance ith the applicable specifications$

401-.2 ANTI-STRIPPIN AENT. 'n# anti7stripping agent or additive if re%uired shall be heat stable! shall notchange the asphalt cement viscosit# be#ond specifications! shall contain no harmful ingredients! shall be added in

recommended proportion b# approved method! and shall be a material approved b# the Department of

Transportation of the State in hich the pro9ect is located$

CO&POSITION

401-=.1 COMPOSITION OF MIXTURE. The bituminous plant mix shall be composed of a mixture of

ell7graded aggregate! filler and anti7strip agent if re%uired! and bituminous material$ The several aggregate

fractions shall be si?ed! handled in separate si?e groups! and combined in such proportions that the resulting mixturemeets the grading re%uirements of the 9ob mix formula *@&4-$

401-=. OB MIX FORMULA. No bituminous mixture for pa#ment shall be produced until a 9ob mix formulahas been approved in riting b# the Engineer$ The bituminous mixture shall be designed using procedures

contained in Chapter , , &'RSA'(( &ETAOD O4 &IB DESIN! of the 'sphalt Institute=s &anual Series No$ .

*&S7.-! &ix Design &ethods for 'sphalt Concrete! sixth edition$

The design criteria in Table 0 are target values necessar# to meet the acceptance re%uirements contained in

paragraph )/07,$.b$ The criteria is based on a production process hich has a material variabilit# ith the

folloing standard deviations6

Stabilit# *lbs$- .+/

4lo */$/0 inch- 0$,'ir oids *F- /$:,

If material variabilit# exceeds the standard deviations indicated! the 9ob mix formula and subse%uent production

targets shall be based on a stabilit# greater than shon in Table 0! and the flo and air voids shall be targeted close

to the mid7range of the criteria in order to meet the acceptance re%uirements$

Tensile Strength Ratio *TSR- of the composite mixture! as determined b# 'ST& D )2:+! shall not be less than +,$

'nti7stripping agent shall be added to the asphalt! as necessar# , to produce a TSR of not less than +,$ If an antistrip

agent is re%uired! it ill be provided b# the Contractor at no additional cost to the Oner$

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

E$i$ee( ,!8 speci8 ! TSR # $#" )ess "h!$ D0 i$ !(e!s "h!" !(e p(#$e "# s"(ippi$ !" ! TSR # 52. E$i$ee( ,!8 speci8 #$e #( ,#(e (ee>e-"h!/ c#$%i"i#$i$ c8c)es i$ !(e!s "h!" !(e

p(#$e "# s"(ippi$ !" ! TSR # 52.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

The 9ob mix formula shall be submitted in riting b# the Contractor to the Engineer at least da#s prior to the

start of paving operations and shall include as a minimum6


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!. Percent passing each sieve si?e for total combined gradation! individual gradation of all aggregate stoc"piles

and percent b# eight of each stoc"pile used in the 9ob mix formula$

&. Percent of asphalt cement$

c. 'sphalt performance , viscosit# or penetration grade! and t#pe of modifier if used$

%. Number of blos of hammer compaction per side of molded specimen$

e. &ixing temperature$

. Compaction temperature$

. Temperature of mix hen discharged from the mixer$

h. Temperature7viscosit# relationship of the asphalt cement$

i. Plot of the combined gradation on the 4ederal Aigha# 'dministration *4A3'- ), poer gradation curve$

. raphical plots of stabilit#! flo! air voids! voids in the mineral aggregate! and unit eight versus asphalt

content$

6. Percent natural sand$

). Percent fractured faces$

,. Percent b# eight of flat particles elongated particles! and flat and elongated particles *and criteria-$

$. Tensile Strength Ratio *TSR-$

p. 'ntistrip agent *if re%uired-$

H. Date the 9ob mix formula as developed$

The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer the results of verification testing of three *1- asphalt samples prepared at

the optimum asphalt content$ The average of the results of this testing shall indicate conformance ith the 9ob mix

formula re%uirements specified in Tables 0! . and 1$

3hen the pro9ect re%uires asphalt mixtures of differing aggregate gradations! a separate 9ob mix formula and the

results of 9ob mix formula verification testing must be submitted for each mix$

The 9ob mix formula for each mixture shall be in effect until a modification is approved in riting b# the Engineer$Should a change in sources of materials be made! a ne 9ob mix formula must be submitted ithin G H da#s and

approved b# the Engineer in riting before the ne material is used$ 'fter the initial production 9ob mix formula*s-

has8have been approved b# the Engineer and a ne or modified 9ob mix formula is re%uired for hatever reason! thesubse%uent cost of the Engineers approval of the ne or modified 9ob mix formula ill be borne b# the Contractor$There ill be no time extension given or considerations for extra costs associated ith the stoppage of production

paving or restart of production paving due to the time needed for the Engineer to approve the initial! ne or

modified 9ob mix formula$

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

The E$i$ee( sh!)) speci8 "he $',&e( # %!8s. A ,i$i,', # 10 %!8s is (ec#,,e$%e%.


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#& ,i #(,')! $#" %e+e)#pe% /i"hi$ "he p(e+i#'s 0 %!8s !(e $#" (ec#,,e$%e%.

The M!(sh!)) esi$ C(i"e(i! !pp)ic!&)e "# "he p(#ec" sh!)) &e speciie% &8 "he E$i$ee(

(#, "he i$#(,!"i#$ sh#/$ &e)#/ !$% i$se("e% i$"# T!&)e 1. As"e(is6s %e$#"e i$se(" p#i$"s.

Tes" P(#pe("8

P!+e,e$"s esi$e% #( Ai(c(!"

(#ss @eih"s # 0000 L&s. #(M#(e #( Ti(e P(ess'(es # 100 Psi

#( M#(e

P!+e,e$"s esi$e% #(

Ai(c(!" (#ss @eih"s LessTh!$ 0000 L&s. #( Ti(e

P(ess'(es Less Th!$ 100 Psi

N',&e( # B)#/s 52 20

S"!&i)i"8 p#'$%s 3$e/"#$s7 120 3247 1=20 30027

F)#/ 0.01 i$.

30.2 ,,7

10-14 10-1D

Ai( V#i%s

3pe(ce$"7

.D-4. .D-4.

Pe(ce$" V#i%s i$

Mi$e(!) A(e!"e

3,i$i,',7

See T!&)e See T!&)e

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

TABLE 1. MARSALL ESIN CRITERIA

TEST PROPERTJ <

Number of blos <

Stabilit#! pounds *netons-minimum

<

*netons- minimum

4lo! /$/0 in$ */$., mm- <

'ir voids *percent- <

Percent voids in mineral aggregate!

minimum

See Table .

TABLE . MINIMUM PERCENT

VOIS IN MINERAL AREATE

M!i,', P!("ic)e Si>e

Mi$i,', V#i%s i$

Mi$e(!) A(e!"e

pe(ce$"

i$. ,, Pe(ce$"

K 0.$, 0:

L 05$/ 0,0 .,$/ 0)

07K 1+$, 01

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

M#%iic!"i#$s "# "he ,i$i,', V#i%s i$ Mi$e(!) A(e!"e 3VMA7 !s #'$% i$ T!&)e ,!8

&e ,!%e %epe$%i$ #$ "he %ei$i"i#$ # ,!i,', p!("ic)e si>e !$%


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The mineral aggregate shall be of such si?e that the percentage composition b# eight! as determined b# laborator#

sieves! ill conform to the gradation or gradations specified in Table 1 hen tested in accordance ith 'ST& C 01:

and C 00+$

The gradations in Table 1 represent the limits that shall determine the suitabilit# of aggregate for use from the

sources of suppl#$ The aggregate! as selected *and used in the @&4-! shall have a gradation ithin the limits

designated in Table 1 and shall not var# from the lo limit on one sieve to the high limit on the ad9acent sieve! or

vice versa! but shall be ell graded from coarse to fine$

Deviations from the final approved mix design for bitumen content and gradation of aggregates shall be ithin the

action limits for individual measurements as specified in paragraph )/07:$,a$ The limits still ill appl# if the# fall

outside the master grading band in Table 1$

The maximum si?e aggregate used shall not be more than one7half of the thic"ness of the course being constructed

except here otherise shon on the plans or ordered b# the Engineer$

TABLE =. AREATE - BITUMINOUS PAVEMENTS

Sie+e Si>e Pe(ce$"!e &8 @eih" P!ssi$ Sie+e

07K in$ *1+$,/ mm- <

0 in$ *.,$/ mm- <L in$ *05$/ mm- <

K in$ *0.$, mm- <

M in$ *5$, mm- <

No$ ) *)$+, mm- < No$ 2 *.$1: mm- <

No$ 0: *0$02 mm- <

No$ 1/ */$:/ mm- <

No$ ,/ */$1/ mm- < No$ 0// */$0, mm- <

No$ .// */$/+, mm- <

'sphalt percent

Stone or gravel

Slag

<

<

The aggregate gradations shon are based on aggregates of uniform specific gravit#$ The percentages passing thevarious sieves shall be corrected hen aggregates of var#ing specific gravities are used! as indicated in the 'sphalt

Institute &anual Series No$ . *&S7.-! Chapter 1$

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *


9/61

The !(e!"e (!%!"i#$ sh!)) &e speciie% &8 "he E$i$ee( (#, "he (!%!"i#$s sh#/$ i$ "his

$#"e. The (!%!"i#$ sh!)) &e i$se("e% i$"# T!&)e =. As"e(is6s %e$#"e i$se(" p#i$"s.

@he(e )#c!))8-!+!i)!&)e !(e!"es c!$$#" &e ec#$#,ic!))8 &)e$%e% "# ,ee" "he (!%i$

(eH'i(e,e$"s # "he (!%!"i#$s sh#/$ "he (!%!"i#$s ,!8 &e ,#%iie% "# i" "hech!(!c"e(is"ics # s'ch )#c!) !(e!"es /i"h !pp(#+!) # "he FAA. The ,#%iie% (!%!"i#$

,'s" p(#%'ce ! p!+i$ ,i"'(e "h!" s!"isies "he ,i %esi$ (eH'i(e,e$"s.

AREATE - BITUMINOUS PAVEMENTS

Sie+e Si>e Pe(ce$"!e &8 @eih" P!ssi$ Sie+es

1-: ,! 1: ,! : ,! : ,!

07K in$ *1+$, mm- 0// 77 77 77

0 in$ *.)$/ mm- 2:752 0// 77 77

L in$ *05$/ mm- :2751 +:752 0// 77

K in$ *0.$, mm- ,+720 ::72: +5755 0//

M in$ *5$, mm- )57:5 ,+7++ :2722 +5755

No$ ) *)$+, mm- 1)7,) )/7:/ )27:2 ,27+2 No$ 2 *.$1: mm- ..7). .:7): 117,1 157,5

No$ 0: *0$02 mm- 01711 0+71+ ./7)/ .:7):

No$ 1/ */$:// mm- 27.) 007.+ 0)71/ 0571,

No$ ,/ */$1// mm- :702 +705 57.0 0.7.)

No$ 0// */$0,/ mm- )70. :70: :70: +70+

No$ .// */$/+, mm- 17: 17: 17: 17:

'sphalt percent6

Stone or gravel

Slag

)$,7+$/

,$/7+$,

)$,7+$/

,$/7+$,

,$/7+$,

:$,75$,

,$,72$/

+$/70/$,

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

401-=.= RECCLE ASPALT CONCRETE. Rec#cled A&' shall consist of reclaimed asphalt pavement*R'P-! coarse aggregate! fine aggregate! mineral filler! and asphalt cement$ The R'P shall be of a consistent

gradation and asphalt content and properties$ 3hen R'P is fed into the plant! the maximum R'P chun" si?e shallnot exceed . inches$ The rec#cled A&' mix shall be designed using procedures contained in 'I &S7/.$ The

rec#cled asphalt concrete mix shall be designed using procedures contained in the 'sphalt Institute=s &anual Series

Number . *&S7.-$ The percentage of asphalt in the R'P shall be established for the mixture design according to'ST& D .0+. using the appropriate dust correction procedure$ The 9ob mix shall meet the re%uirements of

paragraph )/071$. R'P should onl# be used for shoulder surface course mixes and for an# intermediate courses$

The amount of R'P shall be limited to percent$

< < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < <

Rec)!i,e% Asph!)" P!+e,e$" 3RAP7 sh#')% $#" &e 'se% #( s'(!ce ,ies ecep" #$

sh#')%e(s. I" c!$ &e 'se% +e(8 eec"i+e)8 i$ )#/e( )!8e(s #( #( sh#')%e(s. E$i$ee( "#speci8 "he ,!i,', pe(ce$"!e # (ec)!i,e% !sph!)" !))#/e% i$ "he ,i. The !,#'$" #

RAP sh!)) &e )i,i"e% "# =0 pe(ce$" !s )#$ !s "he (es')"i$ (ec8c)e% ,i ,ee"s !))

(eH'i(e,e$"s "h!" !(e speciie% #( +i(i$ ,i"'(es. The C#$"(!c"#( ,!8 #&"!i$ "he RAP

(#, "he #& si"e #( !$ eis"i$ s#'(ce.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

In addition to the re%uirements of paragraph )/071$.! the 9ob mix formula shall indicate the percent of reclaimed

asphalt pavement and the percent and viscosit# grade of ne asphalt$ The Contractor shall submit documentation to


10/61

the Engineer! indicating that the mixing e%uipment proposed for use is ade%uate to mix the percent of R'P shon in

the 9ob mix formula and meet all local and national environmental regulations$

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

The !pp(#p(i!"e "es" sh#')% &e se)ec"e% "# c#$#(, "# "he (!%e # $e/ !sph!)" speciie%. I !

pe$e"(!"i#$ (!%e is speciie% 'se pe$e"(!"i#$ "es". I ! +isc#si"8 (!%e is speciie% 'se !+isc#si"8 "es". I ! P !sph!)" &i$%e( is speciie% 'se "he %8$!,ic she!( (he#,e"e( !$%

&e$%i$ &e!, "es"s.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

The blend of ne asphalt cement and the R'P asphalt binder shall meet the re%uirements in paragraph )/07.$1$ The

virgin asphalt cement shall not be more than to standard asphalt material grades different than that specified in

paragraph )/07.$1

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

e)e"e p!(!(!ph 401-=.= i$ i"s e$"i(e"8 i (ec8c)e% !sph!)" p!+e,e$" is $#" "# &e !))#/e% !$%

i$c)'%e ! se$"e$ce "h!" RAP /i)) $#" &e pe(,i""e% "# &e 'se%. RAP c#$"!i$i$ c#!) "!(s ,!8

(eH'i(e !%%i"i#$!) p(ec!'"i#$s %'(i$ p(#%'c"i#$ !$% ,!8 &e ec)'%e%.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

401-=.4 TEST SECTION. Prior to full production! the Contractor shall prepare and place a %uantit# of bituminous

mixture according to the 9ob mix formula$ The amount of mixture shall be sufficient to construct a test section

long and ide placed in to lanes! ith a longitudinal cold 9oint! and shall be of the same depth specified for

the construction of the course hich it represents$ ' cold 9oint is an exposed construction 9oint at least ) hours oldor hose mat has cooled to less than 0:/ 4$ The underl#ing grade or pavement structure upon hich the test

section is to be constructed shall be the same as the remainder of the course represented b# the test section$ The

e%uipment used in construction of the test section shall be the same t#pe and eight to be used on the remainder of

the course represented b# the test section$

TAE TEST SECTION SA'(( ;E E'(>'TED 4OR 'CCEPT'NCE 'S ' SIN(E (OT IN 'CCORD'NCE3ITA TAE 'CCEPT'NCE CRITERI' IN P'R'R'PA )/07,$0 'ND )/07:$1$ TAE TEST SECTION SA'((

;E DIIDED INTO E>'( S>;(OTS$ 'S ' &INI&>& TAE TEST SECTION SA'(( CONSIST O4 1S>;(OTS$

The test section shall be considered acceptable if 0- stabilit#! flo! mat densit#! air voids! and 9oint densit# are 5/

percent or more ithin limits! .- gradation and asphalt content are ithin the action limits specified in paragraphs)/07:$,a and ,b! and 1- the voids in the mineral aggregate are ithin the limits of Table .$

If the initial test section should prove to be unacceptable! the necessar# ad9ustments to the 9ob mix formula! plant

operation! placing procedures! and8or rolling procedures shall be made$ ' second test section shall then be placed$If the second test section also does not meet specification re%uirements! both sections shall be removed at the

Contractor=s expense$ 'dditional test sections! as re%uired! shall be constructed and evaluated for conformance to

the specifications$ 'n# additional sections that are not acceptable shall be removed at the Contractor=s expense$ 4ull production shall not begin until an acceptable section has been constructed and accepted in riting b# the Engineer$Once an acceptable test section has been placed! pa#ment for the initial test section and the section that meets

specification re%uirements shall be made in accordance ith paragraph )/072$0$

@ob mix control testing shall be performed b# the Contractor at the start of plant production and in con9unction iththe calibration of the plant for the 9ob mix formula$ If aggregates produced b# the plant do not satisf# the gradation

re%uirements or produce a mix that meets the @&4$ It ill be necessar# to reevaluate and redesign the mix using

plant7produced aggregates$ Specimens shall be prepared and the optimum bitumen content determined in the same

manner as for the original design tests$


11/61

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

The "es" sec"i#$ sh#')% &e ! ,i$i,', # =00 ee" 30 ,7 )#$ !$% 0 "# =0 ee" 3 "# ,7

/i%e. The "es" sec"i#$ !#(%s "he C#$"(!c"#( !$% "he E$i$ee( !$ #pp#("'$i"8 "# %e"e(,i$e

"he H'!)i"8 # "he ,i"'(e i$ p)!ce !s /e)) !s pe(#(,!$ce # "he p)!$" !$% )!8%#/$

eH'ip,e$".

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Contractor ill not be alloed to place the test section until the Contractor ualit# Control Program! shoingconformance ith the re%uirements of Paragraph )/07:$0! has been approved! in riting! b# the Engineer$

401-=.2 TESTIN LABORATOR. The Contractors laborator# used to develop the 9ob mix formula shall meetthe re%uirements of 'ST& D 1::: including the re%uirement to be accredited b# a national authorit# such as the

National oluntar# (aborator# 'ccreditation Program *N('P-! the 'merican 'ssociation for (aborator#

'ccreditation *''('-! or ''SATO 'ccreditation Program *''P-$ (aborator# personnel shall meet the

re%uirements of Section 0// of the eneral Provisions$ ' certification signed b# the manager of the laborator#stating that it meets these re%uirements shall be submitted to the Engineer prior to the start of construction$ The

certification shall contain as a minimum6

!. ualifications of personnel laborator# manager! supervising technician! and testing technicians$

&. ' listing of e%uipment to be used in developing the 9ob mix$

c. ' cop# of the laborator#=s %ualit# control s#stem$

%. Evidence of participation in the ''SATO &aterials Reference (aborator# *'&R(- program$

e. 'ST& D 1::: certification of accreditation b# a nationall# recogni?ed accreditation program$

CONSTR>CTION &ETAODS

401-4.1 @EATER LIMITATIONS. The bituminous mixture shall not be placed upon a et surface or hen the

surface temperature of the underl#ing course is less than specified in Table )$ The temperature re%uirements ma# beaived b# the Engineer! if re%uested hoever! all other re%uirements including compaction shall be met$

TABLE 4. BASE TEMPERATURE LIMITATIONS

M!" Thic6$essB!se Te,pe(!"'(e 3Mi$i,',7

e. F e. C

1 in$ *+$, cm- or greater )/ )

reater than 0 in$ *.$, cm-

but less than 1 in$ *+$, cm-), +

0 in$ *.$, cm- or less ,/ 0/

401-4. BITUMINOUS MIXIN PLANT. Plants used for the preparation of bituminous mixtures shall conform

to the re%uirements of 'ST& D 55, ith the folloing changes6

!. ReH'i(e,e$"s #( A)) P)!$"s.

317 T('c6 Sc!)es. The bituminous mixture shall be eighed on approved scales furnished b# the

Contractor! or on certified public scales at the Contractor=s expense$ Scales shall be inspected and sealed as often asthe Engineer deems necessar# to assure their accurac#$ Scales shall conform to the re%uirements of the eneral

Provisions! Section 5/7/0$


12/61

In lieu of scales! and as approved b# the Engineer! asphalt mixture eights ma# be determined b# the use of an

electronic eighing s#stem e%uipped ith an automatic printer that eighs the total paving mixture$ Contractor

must furnish calibration certification of the eighing s#stem prior to mix production and as often thereafter asre%uested b# the Engineer$

37 Tes"i$ F!ci)i"ies. The Contractor shall provide laborator# facilities at the plant for the use of the

Engineer=s acceptance testing and the Contractor=s %ualit# control testing$ The Engineer ill ala#s have priorit# inthe use of the laborator#$ The lab shall have sufficient space and e%uipment so that both testing representatives

*Engineers and Contractors- can operate efficientl#$ The lab shall also meet the re%uirements of 'ST& D 1:::$

The plant testing laborator# shall have a floor space area of not less than 0,/ s%uare feet! ith a ceiling height of notless than +7K feet$ The laborator# shall be eather tight! sufficientl# heated in cold eather! air7conditioned in hot

eather to maintain temperatures for testing purposes of +/ degrees 4 Q87 , degrees 4$ The plant testing laborator#

shall be located on the plant site to provide an unobstructed vie! from one of its indos! of the truc"s being

loaded ith the plant mix materials$

(aborator# facilities shall be "ept clean! and all e%uipment shall be maintained in proper or"ing condition$ The

Engineer shall be permitted unrestricted access to inspect the Contractors laborator# facilit# and itness %ualit#

control activities$ The Engineer ill advise the Contractor in riting of an# noted deficiencies concerning the

laborator# facilit#! e%uipment! supplies! or testing personnel and procedures$ 3hen the deficiencies are seriousenough to be adversel# affecting the test results! the incorporation of the materials into the or" shall be suspended

immediatel# and ill not be permitted to resume until the deficiencies are satisfactoril# corrected$

's a minimum! the plant testing laborator# shall have6

3!7 'de%uate artificial lighting3&7 Electrical outlets sufficient in number and capacit# for operating the re%uired testing

e%uipment and dr#ing samples$3c7 4ire extinguishers *.-! >nderriters (aboratories approved3%7 3or" benches for testing! minimum .7K feet b# 0/ feet$3e7 Des" ith . chairs37 Sanitar# facilities convenient to testing laborator#

37 Exhaust fan to outside air! minimum 0. inch blade diameter 3h7 ' direct telephone line and telephone including a 4'B machine operating .) hours per da#!

seven da#s per ee" 3i7 4ile cabinet ith loc" for Engineer 37 Sin" ith running ater! attached drain board and drain capable of handling separate material367 &etal stand for holding ashing sieves3)7 To element hot plate or other comparable heating device! ith dial t#pe thermostatic

controls for dr#ing aggregates3,7 &echanical sha"er and appropriate sieves *listed in @&4! Table 1- meeting the re%uirements of

'ST& E700 for determining the gradation of coarse and fine aggregates in accordance ith

'ST& C 01:3$7 &arshall testing e%uipment meeting 'ST& D :5.:! 'ST& D :5.+! automatic compaction

e%uipment capable of compacting three specimens at once and other apparatus as specified in

'ST& C 0.+! D .0+.! D .+.:! and D ./)03#7 Oven! thermostaticall# controlled! inside minimum 0 cubic foot3p7 To volumetric specific gravit# flas"s! ,// cc3H7 Other necessar# hand tools re%uired for sampling and testing3(7 (ibrar# containing contract specifications! latest 'ST& volumes )$/0! )$/.! )$/1 and )$/5!

''SATO standard specification parts I and II! and 'sphalt Institute Publication &S7.$3s7 E%uipment for Theoretical Specific ravit# testing including a )!/// cc p#cnometer! vacuum

pump capable of maintaining 1/ ml mercur# pressure and a balance! 0:7./ "ilograms ith

accurac# of /$, grams3"7 Extraction e%uipment! centrifuge and reflux t#pes and ROTOflex e%uipment


13/61

3'7 ' masonr# sa ith diamond blade for trimming pavement cores and samples3+7 Telephone

'pproval of the plant and testing laborator# b# the Engineer re%uires all facilities and e%uipment to be in goodor"ing order during production! sampling and testing$ 4ailure to provide the specified facilities shall be sufficient

cause for disapproving bituminous plant operations$

The Oner shall have access to the lab and the plant henever Contractor is in production$

3=7 I$spec"i#$ # P)!$". The Engineer! or Engineer=s authori?ed representative! shall have access! at

all times! to all areas of the plant for chec"ing ade%uac# of e%uipment inspecting operation of the plant6 verif#ingeights! proportions! and material properties and chec"ing the temperatures maintained in the preparation of the

mixtures$

347 S"#(!e Bi$s !$% S'(e Bi$s. >se of surge and storage bins for temporar# storage of hot bituminous mixtures ill be permitted as follos6

3!7 The bituminous mixture ma# be stored in surge bins for a period of time not to exceed 1

hours$

3&7 The bituminous mixture ma# be stored in insulated storage bins for a period of time not to

exceed .) hours .

The bins shall be such that mix dran from them meets the same re%uirements as mix loaded directl# into truc"s$

If the Engineer determines that there is an excessive amount of heat loss! segregation , or oxidation of the mixture

due to temporar# storage! no temporar# storage ill be alloed$

401-4.= AULIN EQUIPMENT. Truc"s used for hauling bituminous mixtures shall have tight! clean! and

smooth metal beds$ To prevent the mixture from adhering to them! the truc" beds shall be lightl# coated ith a

minimum amount of paraffin oil! lime solution! or other approved material$ Petroleum products shall not be used for coating truc" beds$ Each truc" shall have a suitable cover to protect the mixture from adverse eather$ 3hen

necessar#! to ensure that the mixture ill be delivered to the site at the specified temperature! truc" beds shall beinsulated or heated and covers shall be securel# fastened$

401-4.4 BITUMINOUS PAVERS. ;ituminous pavers shall be self7propelled ith an activated heated screed!

capable of spreading and finishing courses of bituminous plant mix material that ill meet the specified thic"ness!

smoothness! and grade$ The paver shall have sufficient poer to propel itself and the hauling e%uipment ithout

adversel# affecting the finished surface$

The paver shall have a receiving hopper of sufficient capacit# to permit a uniform spreading operation$ The hopper

shall be e%uipped ith a distribution s#stem to place the mixture uniforml# in front of the screed ithout

segregation$ The screed shall effectivel# produce a finished surface of the re%uired evenness and texture ithouttearing! shoving! or gouging the mixture$

The paver shall be e%uipped ith a control s#stem capable of automaticall# maintaining the specified screedelevation$ The control s#stem shall be automaticall# actuated from either a reference line and8or through a s#stem of mechanical sensors or sensor7directed mechanisms or devices that ill maintain the paver screed at a predetermined

transverse slope and at the proper elevation to obtain the re%uired surface$ The transverse slope controller shall be

capable of maintaining the screed at the desired slope ithin plus or minus /$0 percent$

The controls shall be capable of or"ing in con9unction ith an# of the folloing attachments6

!. S"i7t#pe device of not less than 1/ feet *5$0) m- in length$


14/61

&. Taut stringline *ire- set to grade$

c. Short s"i or shoe$

%. (aser control$

If! during construction! it is found that the spreading and finishing e%uipment in use leaves trac"s or indented areas!

or produces other blemishes in the pavement that are not satisfactoril# corrected b# the scheduled operations! the useof such e%uipment shall be discontinued and satisfactor# e%uipment shall be provided b# the Contractor$

401-4.2 ROLLERS. Rollers of the vibrator#! steel heel! and pneumatic7tired t#pe shall be used$ The# shall be in

good condition! capable of operating at slo speeds to avoid displacement of the bituminous mixture$ The number!t#pe! and eight of rollers shall be sufficient to compact the mixture to the re%uired densit# hile it is still in a

or"able condition$

'll rollers shall be specificall# designed and suitable for compacting hot mix bituminous concrete and shall be properl# used$ Rollers that impair the stabilit# of an# la#er of a pavement structure or underl#ing soils shall not be

used$ Depressions in pavement surfaces caused b# rollers shall be repaired b# the Contractor at its on expense$

The use of e%uipment that causes crushing of the aggregate ill not be permitted$

!. N'c)e!( e$s#,e"e(. The Contractor shall have on site a nuclear densometer during all paving operations in

order to assist in the determination of the optimum rolling pattern! t#pe of roller and fre%uencies! as ell as to

monitor the effect of the rolling operations during production paving$ The Contractor shall also suppl# a %ualifiedtechnician during all paving operations to calibrate the nuclear densometer and obtain accurate densit# readings for

all ne bituminous concrete$ These densities shall be supplied to the Engineer upon re%uest at an# time during

construction$ No separate pa#ment ill be made for suppl#ing the densit# gauge and technician$

401-4. PREPARATION OF BITUMINOUS MATERIAL. The bituminous material shall be heated in a manner

that ill avoid local overheating and provide a continuous suppl# of the bituminous material to the mixer at a

uniform temperature$ The temperature of the bituminous material delivered to the mixer shall be sufficient to

provide a suitable viscosit# for ade%uate coating of the aggregate particles! but shall not exceed 1., degrees 4 *0:/degrees C-! unless otherise re%uired b# the manufacturer .

401-4.5 PREPARATION OF MINERAL AREATE. The aggregate for the mixture shall be heated and

dried prior to introduction into the mixer$ The maximum temperature and rate of heating shall be such that nodamage occurs to the aggregates$ The temperature of the aggregate and mineral filler shall not exceed 1,/ degrees 4

*0+, degrees C- hen the asphalt is added$ Particular care shall be ta"en that aggregates high in calcium or

magnesium content are not damaged b# overheating$ The temperature shall not be loer than is re%uired to obtain

complete coating and uniform distribution on the aggregate particles and to provide a mixture of satisfactor#or"abilit#$

401-4.D PREPARATION OF BITUMINOUS MIXTURE. The aggregates and the bituminous material shall be

eighed or metered and introduced into the mixer in the amount specified b# the 9ob mix formula$

The combined materials shall be mixed until the aggregate obtains a uniform coating of bitumen and is thoroughl#

distributed throughout the mixture$ 3et mixing time shall be the shortest time that ill produce a satisfactor#mixture! but not less than ., seconds for batch plants$ The et mixing time for all plants shall be established b# theContractor! based on the procedure for determining the percentage of coated particles described in 'ST& D .)25!

for each individual plant and for each t#pe of aggregate used$ The et mixing time ill be set to achieve 5, percent

of coated particles$ 4or continuous mix plants! the minimum mixing time shall be determined b# dividing the

eight of its contents at operating level b# the eight of the mixture delivered per second b# the mixer$ Themoisture content of all bituminous mixtures upon discharge shall not exceed /$, percent$


15/61

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

F#( &!"ch p)!$"s /e" ,ii$ "i,e &ei$s /i"h "he i$"(#%'c"i#$ # &i"',i$#'s ,!"e(i!) i$"#

"he ,ie( !$% e$%s /i"h "he #pe$i$ # "he ,ie( %isch!(e !"e. is"(i&'"i#$ # !(e!"e

!$% &i"',i$#'s ,!"e(i!) !s "he8 e$"e( "he p',i)) spee% # ,ie( sh!"s !$% !((!$e,e$"

!$% pi"ch # p!%%)es !(e !c"#(s #+e($i$ eicie$c8 # ,ii$. P(#)#$e% ep#s'(e "# !i(

!$% he!" i$ "he p',i)) h!(%e$ "he !sph!)" i), #$ "he !(e!"e. Mii$ "i,e "he(e#(esh#')% &e "he sh#("es" "i,e (eH'i(e% "# #&"!i$ '$i#(, %is"(i&'"i#$ # !(e!"e si>es !$%

"h#(#'h c#!"i$ # !(e!"e p!("ic)es /i"h &i"',i$#'s ,!"e(i!).

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

401-4. PREPARATION OF TE UNERLIN SURFACE. Immediatel# before placing the bituminousmixture! the underl#ing course shall be cleaned of all dust and debris$ ' prime coat or tac" coat shall be applied in

accordance ith Item P7:/. or P7:/1! if shon on the plans$

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

E$i$ee( sh#')% e+!)'!"e "he p(ese$ce # p!i$" !$%


16/61

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

The Contractor ma# elect to use a material transfer vehicle to deliver mix to the paver$

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Use # ! ,!"e(i!) "(!$se( +ehic)e !))#/s "he p!+e( "# &e #pe(!"e% !),#s" c#$"i$'#'s)8/i"h#'" s"#ppi$ &e"/ee$ "('c6)#!%s # ,i i ! c#$"i$'#'s s'pp)8 # ,i is !+!i)!&)e (#,

"he !sph!)" p)!$". The 'se # ! "(!$se( +ehic)e is (ec#,,e$%e% #$ )#$ p!+i$ )!$es.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Paving during nighttime construction shall re%uire the folloing6

!. 'll paving machines! rollers! distribution truc"s and other vehicles re%uired b# the Contractor for his

operations shall be e%uipped ith artificial illumination sufficient to safel# complete the or"$

&. &inimum illumination level shall be tent# *./- hori?ontal foot candles and maintained in the folloing

areas6

317 'n area of 1/ feet ide b# 1/ feet long immediatel# behind the paving machines during the

operations of the machines$

37 'n area 0, feet ide b# 1/ feet long immediatel# in front and bac" of all rolling e%uipment! duringoperation of the e%uipment$

3=7 'n area 0, feet ide b# 0, feet long at an# point here an area is being tac" coated prior to the

placement of pavement$

c. 's partial fulfillment of the above re%uirements! the Contractor shall furnish and use! complete artificial

lighting units ith a minimum capacit# of 1!/// att electric beam lights! affixed to all e%uipment in such a a# to

direct illumination on the area under construction$

%. In addition! the Contractor shall furnish G H portable floodlight units similar or e%ual to G H$

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

E$i$ee( "# speci8 "he ,i$i,', $',&e( # )##%)ih"i$ '$i"s !$% ,!8 e)ec" "# speci8 !

p!("ic')!( ,!$'!c"'(e(;s )ih"i$ '$i" 9#( eH'!):.

I $ih""i,e p!+i$ (eH'i(es "he c(i"ic!) (e-#pe$i$ # !i(ie)% !ci)i"ies "he #))#/i$

!%%i"i#$!) )!$'!e sh#')% &e !%%e%G

9I "he C#$"(!c"#( p)!ces !$8 #'" # speciic!"i#$ ,i i$ "he p(#ec" /#(6 !(e! "he

C#$"(!c"#( is (eH'i(e% "# (e,#+e i" !" i"s #/$ epe$se "# "he s!"is!c"i#$ # "he

E$i$ee(. I "he C#$"(!c"#( h!s "# c#$"i$'e p)!ci$ $#$-p!8,e$" &i"',i$#'s c#$c(e"e

!s %i(ec"e% &8 "he E$i$ee( "# ,!6e "he s'(!ces s!e #( !i(c(!" #pe(!"i#$s "heC#$"(!c"#( sh!)) %# s# "# "he s!"is!c"i#$ # "he E$i$ee(. I" is "he C#$"(!c"#(;s

(esp#$si&i)i"8 "# )e!+e "he !ci)i"ies "# &e p!+e% i$ ! s!e c#$%i"i#$ (e!%8 #( !i(c(!"

#pe(!"i#$s. N# c#$si%e(!"i#$ #( e"e$%e% c)#s'(e "i,e # "he !(e! &ei$ p!+e% /i)) &e

i+e$. As ! i(s" #(%e( # /#(6 #( "he $e" p!+i$ shi" "he C#$"(!c"#( sh!)) (e,#+e !))

#'" # speciic!"i#$ ,!"e(i!) !$% (ep)!ce /i"h !pp(#+e% ,!"e(i!) "# "he s!"is!c"i#$ #

"he E$i$ee(. @he$ "he !+e si"'!"i#$s #cc'( "he(e /i)) &e $# c#$si%e(!"i#$ i+e$ #(

!%%i"i#$!) c#$s"('c"i#$ "i,e #( p!8,e$" #( e"(! c#s"s.:

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *


17/61

The initial placement and compaction of the mixture shall occur at a temperature suitable for obtaining densit#!

surface smoothness! and other specified re%uirements but not less than .,/ degrees 4 *0.0 degrees C-$

Edges of existing bituminous pavement abutting the ne or" shall be sa cut and carefull# removed as shon onthe draings and painted ith bituminous tac" coat before ne material is placed against it$

>pon arrival! the mixture shall be placed to the full idth b# a bituminous paver$ It shall be struc" off in a uniform

la#er of such depth that! hen the or" is completed! it shall have the re%uired thic"ness and conform to the gradeand contour indicated$ The speed of the paver shall be regulated to eliminate pulling and tearing of the bituminous

mat$ >nless otherise permitted! placement of the mixture shall begin along the centerline of a croned section or

on the high side of areas ith a one7a# slope$ The mixture shall be placed in consecutive ad9acent strips having a

minimum idth of except here edge lanes re%uire less idth to complete the area$ 'dditional screed sectionsshall not be attached to iden paver to meet the minimum lane idth re%uirements specified above unless additional

auger sections are added to match$ The longitudinal 9oint in one course shall offset the longitudinal 9oint in the

course immediatel# belo b# at least 0 foot *1/ cm- hoever! the 9oint in the surface top course shall be at the

centerline of croned pavements$ Transverse 9oints in one course shall be offset b# at least 0/ feet *1 m- fromtransverse 9oints in the previous course$

Transverse 9oints in ad9acent lanes shall be offset a minimum of 0/ feet *1 m-$

On areas here irregularities or unavoidable obstacles ma"e the use of mechanical spreading and finishinge%uipment impractical! the mixture ma# be spread and luted b# hand tools$ 'reas of segregation in the surface

course! as determined b# the Engineer! shall be removed and replaced at the Contractors expense$ The area shall be

removed b# sa cutting and milling a minimum of . inches deep$ The area to be removed and replaced shall be aminimum idth of the paver and a minimum of 0/ feet long$

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

The E$i$ee( sh#')% !%% ,#(e %e"!i) !s !pp(#p(i!"e "# !(e!s "h!" (eH'i(e (e,#+!) !$%

(ep)!ce,e$"s. The E$i$ee( sh#')% speci8 "he /i%es" p!+i$ )!$e p(!c"ic!&)e i$ !$ e#(" "#

h#)% "he $',&e( # )#$i"'%i$!) #i$"s "# ! ,i$i,',.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

401-4.11 COMPACTION OF MIXTURE. 'fter placing! the mixture shall be thoroughl# and uniforml#

compacted b# poer rollers$ The surface shall be compacted as soon as possible hen the mixture has attainedsufficient stabilit# so that the rolling does not cause undue displacement! crac"ing or shoving$ The se%uence of

rolling operations and the t#pe of rollers used shall be at the discretion of the Contractor$ The speed of the roller

shall! at all times! be sufficientl# slo to avoid displacement of the hot mixture and be effective in compaction$ 'n#

displacement occurring as a result of reversing the direction of the roller! or from an# other cause! shall be correctedat once$

Sufficient rollers shall be furnished to handle the output of the plant$ Rolling shall continue until the surface is of

uniform texture! true to grade and cross section! and the re%uired field densit# is obtained$

To prevent adhesion of the mixture to the roller! the heels shall be e%uipped ith a scraper and "ept properl#

moistened but excessive ater ill not be permitted$

In areas not accessible to the roller! the mixture shall be thoroughl# compacted ith approved poer driven tampers$

Tampers shall eigh not less than .+, pounds! have a tamping plate idth not less than 0, inches! be rated at not

less than )!.// vibrations per minute! and be suitabl# e%uipped ith a standard tamping plate etting device$

'n# mixture that becomes loose and bro"en! mixed ith dirt! contains chec"7crac"ing! or in an# a# defective shall

be removed and replaced ith fresh hot mixture and immediatel# compacted to conform to the surrounding area$

This or" shall be done at the Contractor=s expense$ S"in patching shall not be alloed$


18/61

401-4.1 OINTS. The formation of all 9oints shall be made in such a manner as to ensure a continuous bond

beteen the courses and obtain the re%uired densit#$ 'll 9oints shall have the same texture as other sections of the

course and meet the re%uirements for smoothness and grade$

The roller shall not pass over the unprotected end of the freshl# laid mixture except hen necessar# to form atransverse 9oint$ 3hen necessar# to form a transverse 9oint! it shall be made b# means of placing a bul"head or b#

tapering the course$ The tapered edge shall be cut bac" to its full depth and idth on a straight line to expose a

vertical face prior to placing the ad9acent lane$ In both methods! all contact surfaces shall be given a tac" coat of

bituminous material before placing an# fresh mixture against the 9oint$

(ongitudinal 9oints hich are irregular! damaged! uncompacted! or otherise defective or hich have been left

exposed for more than ) hours! or hose surface temperature has cooled to less than 0:/ 4 shall be cut bac"

Gspecif# cutbac"H to expose a clean! sound surface for the full depth of the course$ 'll contact surfaces shall becleaned and dr# prior and given a tac" coat of bituminous material prior to placing an# fresh mixture against the

9oint$ The cost of this or" and tac" coat shall be considered incidental to the cost of the bituminous course$

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

E$i$ee( ,!8 (e"!i$ "he &(!c6e"e% )!$'!e (e!(%i$ "he "(e!",e$" # 9c#)% #i$"s: /he$

c#$si%e(e% $ecess!(8. The c'"&!c6 sh#')% &e $# ,#(e "h!$ i$ches.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

401-4.1= SI RESISTANT SURFACES


19/61

317 S!,p)i$. Each lot ill consist of four e%ual sublots$ Sufficient material for preparation of test

specimens for all testing ill be sampled b# the Engineer on a random basis! in accordance ith the procedures

contained in 'ST& D 1::,$ One set of laborator# compacted specimens ill be prepared for each sublot inaccordance ith 'ST& D :5.:! at the number of blos re%uired b# paragraph )/071$.! Table 0$ Each set of

laborator# compacted specimens ill consist of three test portions prepared from the same sample increment$

The sample of bituminous mixture ma# be put in a covered metal tin and placed in an oven for not less than 1/minutes nor more than :/ minutes to stabili?e to compaction temperature$ The compaction temperature of the

specimens shall be as specified in the 9ob mix formula$

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

E$i$ee( sh#')% i$c(e!se h#)% "i,es "# $#" )ess "h!$ 0 ,i$'"es !$% $#" ,#(e "h!$ 0

,i$'"es /he$ !&s#(p"i+e !(e!"es !(e 'se%

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

37 Tes"i$. Sample specimens shall be tested for stabilit# and flo in accordance ith 'ST& D:5.+$ 'ir voids ill be determined b# the Engineer in accordance ith 'ST& D 1./1$

Prior to testing! the bul" specific gravit# of each test specimen shall be measured b# the Engineer in accordance ith

'ST& D .+.: using the procedure for laborator#7prepared thoroughl# dr# specimens! or 'ST& D 0022! hichever is applicable! for use in computing air voids and pavement densit#$

4or air voids determination! the theoretical maximum specific gravit# of the mixture shall be measured one time for

each sublot in accordance ith 'ST& D ./)0! T#pe C! D or E container$ The value used in the air voidscomputation for each sublot shall be based on theoretical maximum specific gravit# measurement for the sublot$

The stabilit# and flo for each sublot shall be computed b# averaging the results of all test specimens representing

that sublot$

3=7 Accep"!$ce. 'cceptance of plant produced material for stabilit#! flo! and air voids shall bedetermined b# the Engineer in accordance ith the re%uirements of paragraph )/07,$.b$

&. Fie)% P)!ce% M!"e(i!). &aterial placed in the field shall be tested for mat and 9oint densit# on a lot basis$

317 M!" e$si"8. The lot si?e shall be the same as that indicated in paragraph )/07,$0a and shall be

divided into four e%ual sublots$ One core of finished! compacted materials shall be ta"en b# the Contractor fromeach sublot$ Core locations ill be determined b# the Engineer on a random basis in accordance ith procedures

contained in 'ST& D 1::,$ Cores shall not be ta"en closer than one foot from a transverse or longitudinal 9oint$

37 #i$" e$si"8. The lot si?e shall be the total length of longitudinal 9oints constructed b# a lot of material as defined in paragraph )/07,$0a$ The lot shall be divided into four e%ual sublots$ One core of finished!

compacted materials shall be ta"en b# the Contractor from each sublot$ Core locations ill be determined b# the

Engineer on a random basis in accordance ith procedures contained in 'ST& D 1::,$ '(( CORIN SA'(( ;ECENTERED ON TAE @OINT$ TAE &INI&>& CORE DI'&ETER 4OR @OINT DENSITJ DETER&IN'TIONSA'(( ;E , INCAES$

3=7 S!,p)i$. Samples shall be neatl# cut ith a core drill$ The cutting edge of the core drill bit shall

be of hardened steel or other suitable material ith diamond chips embedded in the metal cutting edge$ Theminimum diameter of the sample shall be five inches$ Samples that are clearl# defective! as a result of sampling!

shall be discarded and another sample ta"en$ The Contractor shall furnish all tools! labor! and materials for cutting

samples! cleaning! and filling the cored pavement$ Cored pavement shall be cleaned and core holes shall be filled in

a manner acceptable to the Engineer and ithin one da# after sampling$


20/61

347 Tes"i$. The bul" specific gravit# of each cored sample ill be measured b# the Engineer in

accordance ith 'ST& D .+.: or 'ST& D 0022! hichever is applicable$ The percent compaction *densit#- of

each sample ill be determined b# dividing the bul" specific gravit# of each sublot sample b# the average bul" specific gravit# of all laborator# prepared specimens for the lot! as determined in paragraph )/07,$0a*.-$ The bul"

specific gravit# used to determine the 9oint densit# at 9oints formed beteen different lots shall be the loest of the

bul" specific gravit# values from the to different lots$

327 Accep"!$ce. 'cceptance of field placed material for mat densit# ill be determined b# the

Engineer in accordance ith the re%uirements of paragraph )/07,$.b*0-$ 'cceptance for 9oint densit# ill be

determined in accordance ith the re%uirements of paragraph )/07,$.b*1-$

c. P!("i!) L#"s P)!$"-P(#%'ce% M!"e(i!). 3hen operational conditions cause a lot to be terminated before

the specified number of tests have been made for the lot! or hen the Contractor and Engineer agree in riting to

allo overages or other minor tonnage placements to be considered as partial lots! the folloing procedure ill be

used to ad9ust the lot si?e and the number of tests for the lot$

The last batch produced here production is halted ill be sampled! and its properties shall be considered as

representative of the particular sublot from hich it as ta"en$ In addition! an agreed to minor placement ill be

sampled! and its properties shall be considered as representative of the particular sublot from hich it as ta"en$

3here three sublots are produced! the# shall constitute a lot$ 3here one or to sublots are produced! the# shall beincorporated into the next lot! and the total number of sublots shall be used in the acceptance plan calculation! i$e$! n

, or n :! for example$ Partial lots at the end of asphalt production on the pro9ect shall be included ith the

previous lot$

%. P!("i!) L#"s Fie)% P)!ce% M!"e(i!). The lot si?e for field placed material shall correspond to that of the

plant material! except that! in no cases! shall less than three *1- cored samples be obtained! i$e$! n 1$

401-2. ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA.

!. e$e(!). 'cceptance ill be based on the folloing characteristics of the bituminous mixture and

completed pavement as ell as the implementation of the Contractor ualit# Control Program and test results6

317 Stabilit#37 4lo3=7 'ir voids347 &at densit#327 @oint densit#37 Thic"ness357 Smoothness3D7 rade

&at densit# and air voids ill be evaluated for acceptance in accordance ith paragraph )/07,$.b*0-$ Stabilit# and

flo ill be evaluated for acceptance in accordance ith paragraph )/07,$.b*.-$ @oint densit# ill be evaluated for acceptance in accordance ith paragraph )/07,$.b*1-$

Thic"ness ill be evaluated b# the Engineer for compliance in accordance ith paragraph )/07,$.b*)-$ 'cceptancefor smoothness ill be based on the criteria contained in paragraph )/07,$.b*,-$ 'cceptance for grade ill be basedon the criteria contained in paragraph )/07,$.b*:-$

The Engineer ma# at an# time! notithstanding previous plant acceptance! re9ect and re%uire the Contractor to

dispose of an# batch of bituminous mixture hich is rendered unfit for use due to contamination! segregation!incomplete coating of aggregate! or improper mix temperature$ Such re9ection ma# be based on onl# visual

inspection or temperature measurements$ In the event of such re9ection! the Contractor ma# ta"e a representative

sample of the re9ected material in the presence of the Engineer! and if it can be demonstrated in the laborator#! in the


21/61

presence of the Engineer! that such material as erroneousl# re9ected! pa#ment ill be made for the material at the

contract unit price$

&. Accep"!$ce C(i"e(i!.

317 M!" e$si"8 !$% Ai( V#i%s. 'cceptance of each lot of plant produced material for mat densit#

and air voids shall be based on the percentage of material ithin specification limits *P3(-$ If the P3( of the lot

e%uals or exceeds 5/ percent! the lot shall be acceptable$ 'cceptance and pa#ment shall be determined inaccordance ith paragraph )/072$0$

37 S"!&i)i"8 !$% F)#/. 'cceptance of each lot of plant produced material for stabilit# and flo shall

be based on the percentage of material ithin specification limits *P3(-$ If the P3( of the lot e%uals or exceeds 5/ percent! the lot shall be acceptable$ If the P3( is less than 5/ percent! the Contractor shall determine the reason and

ta"e corrective action$ If the P3( is belo 2/ percent! the Contractor must stop production until the reason for poor

stabilit# and8or flo has been determined and ad9ustments to the mix are made

3=7 #i$" e$si"8. 'cceptance of each lot of plant produced material for 9oint densit# shall be based

on the percentage of material ithin specification limits *P3(-$ If the P3( of the lot is e%ual to or exceeds 5/

percent! the lot shall be considered acceptable$ If the P3( is less than 5/ percent! the Contractor shall evaluate the

reason and act accordingl#$ If the P3( is less than 2/ percent! the Contractor shall cease operations and until the

reason for poor compaction has been determined$ I4 TAE P3( IS (ESS TA'N +0 PERCENT! TAE P'J 4'CTOR 4OR TAE (OT >SED TO CO&P(ETE TAE @OINT SA'(( ;E RED>CED ;J , PERCENT'E POINTS$ This

lot pa# factor reduction shall be incorporated and evaluated in accordance ith paragraph )/072$0$

347 Thic6$ess. Thic"ness of each lift of surface course shall be evaluated b# the Engineer for

compliance to the re%uirements shon on the plans$ &easurements of thic"ness shall be made b# the Engineer

using the cores extracted for each sublot for densit# measurement$ The maximum alloable deficienc# at an# point

shall not be more than inch less than the thic"ness indicated for the lift$ 'verage thic"ness of lift! or combinedlifts! shall not be less than the indicated thic"ness$ 3here the thic"ness tolerances are not met! the lot or sublot shall

be corrected b# the Contractor at his expense b# removing the deficient area and replacing ith ne pavement$ The

Contractor! at his expense! ma# ta"e additional cores as approved b# the Engineer to circumscribe the deficient area$

327 S,##"h$ess. The final surface shall be free from roller mar"s$ The finished surfaces of each

course of the pavement! except the finished surface of the final course! shall not var# more than M inch henevaluated ith a 0: foot straightedge$ The finished surface of the final course of pavement shall not var# more than

inch hen evaluated ith a 0: foot straightedge$ The lot si?e shall be G H s%uare #ards *s%uare meters-$Smoothness measurements shall be made at ,/ foot intervals and as determined b# the Engineer$ In the longitudinal

direction! a smoothness reading shall be made at the center of each paving lane$ In the transverse direction!

smoothness readings shall be made continuousl# across the full idth of the pavement$ Aoever! transverse

smoothness readings shall not be made across designed grade changes$ 't arped transition areas! straightedge position shall be ad9usted to measure surface smoothness and not design grade transitions$ 3hen more than 0,

percent of all measurements ithin a lot exceed the specified tolerance! the Contractor shall remove the deficient

area to the depth of the final course of pavement and replace ith ne material$ S"in patching shall not be

permitted$ Isolated high points ma# be ground off providing the course thic"ness complies ith the thic"nessspecified on the plans$ Aigh point grinding ill be limited to 0, s%uare #ards$ 'reas in excess of 0, s%uare #ards

ill re%uire removal and replacement of the pavement in accordance ith the limitations noted above$


22/61

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

The E$i$ee( sh!)) speci8 "he )#" si>e. A ,i$i,', # 000 sH'!(e 8!(%s 31 20 sH'!(e

,e"e(s7 is (ec#,,e$%e%.

Use # ! p(#i)#(!ph c!$ &e i$c)'%e% i$ "he speciic!"i#$s #( s'(!ce s,##"h$ess #(

('$/!8s !$% "!i/!8s #$ ! c!se &8 c!se &!sis p(#+i%e% i" is !pp(#+e% &8 "he FAA. Use # !p(#i)#(!ph ,!8 $#" &e p(!c"ic!) #( !)) !sph!)" c#$s"('c"i#$. Thi$ )i" #+e()!8s !$% #"he(

,i$i,', (es'(!ci$ ,!8 $#" !))#/ #( (e,#+!) # eis"i$ p!+e,e$" (#'h$ess. #/e+e(

"he 'se # "he p(#i)#(!ph is (ec#,,e$%e% #( $e/ c#$s"('c"i#$ #( #+e()!8s %esi$e% "#

c#((ec" (!%e !$% s,##"h$ess %eicie$cies. I "he p(#i)#(!ph is "# &e i$c)'%e% s"(!ih"e%e

(eH'i(e,e$"s $ee% #$)8 !pp)8 "# "he pe(pe$%ic')!( %i(ec"i#$. T# i$c)'%e p(#i)#(!ph

(eH'i(e,e$"s !%% ASTM E 154 "# "he (ee(e$ce% "es"i$ )is" !$% !%% "he #))#/i$G

3!7 P(#i)#(!ph. The C#$"(!c"#( sh!)) '($ish ! 2 ##" /hee) &!se C!)i#($i! "8pe

p(#i)#(!ph !$% c#,pe"e$" #pe(!"#( "# ,e!s'(e p!+e,e$" s'(!ce %e+i!"i#$s. The

p(#i)#(!ph sh!)) &e #pe(!"e% i$ !cc#(%!$ce /i"h "he ,!$'!c"'(e(;s i$s"('c"i#$s !$%

!" ! spee% $# (e!"e( "h!$ = ,ph. O(ii$!) p(#i)#(!,s #( "he !pp(#p(i!"e )#c!"i#$s

i$"e(p(e"e% i$ !cc#(%!$ce /i"h ASTM E 154 sh!)) &e '($ishe% "# "he E$i$ee(. The

p(#i)#(!,s sh!)) &e (ec#(%e% #$ ! sc!)e # #$e i$ch eH'!) "# 2 ee" )#$i"'%i$!))8 !$%

#$e i$ch eH'!) "# #$e i$ch 3#( ')) sc!)e7 +e("ic!))8. P(#i)#(!phs sh!)) &e c!)i&(!"e%

p(i#( "# "es"i$.

The s'(!ce # "he ('$/!8 !$%


23/61

A)) c#s"s $ecess!(8 "# p(#+i%e "he p(#i)#(!ph !$% (e)!"e% "# '($ishi$ "he !pp(#p(i!"e

p(#i)#(!,s !s (eH'i(e% i$ "his p(#+isi#$ !(e i$ci%e$"!) "# p!+e,e$" c#$s"('c"i#$ !$%

$# %i(ec" c#,pe$s!"i#$ /i)) &e ,!%e "he(e#(e.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

37 (!%e. The finished surface of the pavement shall not var# from the gradeline elevations andcross sections shon on the plans b# more than K inch *0.$+/ mm-$ The finished grade of each lot ill be

determined b# running levels at intervals of ,/ feet *0,$. m- or less longitudinall# and all brea"s in grade

transversel# *not to exceed ,/ feet- to determine the elevation of the completed pavement$ The Contractor shall pa#

the cost of surve#ing of the level runs that shall be performed b# a licensed surve#or$ The documentation! stampedand signed b# a licensed surve#or! shall be provided b# the Contractor to the Engineer$ The lot si?e shall be

s%uare #ards *s%uare meters-$ 3hen more than 0, percent of all the measurements ithin a lot are outside the

specified tolerance! or if an# one shot ithin the lot deviates L inch or more from planned grade! the Contractor

shall remove the deficient area to the depth of the final course of pavement and replace ith ne material$ S"in patching shall not be permitted$ Isolated high points ma# be ground off providing the course thic"ness complies

ith the thic"ness specified on the plans$ The surface of the ground pavement shall have a texture consisting of

grooves beteen /$/5/ and /$01/ inches ide$ The pea"s and ridges shall be approximatel# 081. inch higher than

the bottom of the grooves$ The pavement shall be left in a clean condition$ The removal of all of the slurr# resultingform the grinding operation shall be continuous The grinding operation should be controlled so the residue from

the operation does not flo across other lanes of pavement$ Aigh point grinding ill be limited to 0, s%uare #ards$'reas in excess of 0, s%uare #ards ill re%uire removal and replacement of the pavement in accordance ith the

limitations noted above$

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

A ,i$i,', # 000 sH'!(e 8!(%s 31 20 sH'!(e ,e"e(s7 is (ec#,,e$%e%.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

c. Pe(ce$"!e # M!"e(i!) @i"hi$ Speciic!"i#$ Li,i"s 3P@L7. The percentage of material ithinspecification limits *P3(- shall be determined in accordance ith procedures specified in Section 00/ of the

eneral Provisions$ The specification tolerance limits *(- for loer and *>- for upper are contained in Table ,$

%. O'")ie(s. 'll individual tests for mat densit# and air voids shall be chec"ed for outliers *test criterion- inaccordance ith 'ST& E 0+2! at a significance level of , percent$ Outliers shall be discarded! and the P3( shall be

determined using the remaining test values$

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

The speciic!"i#$ "#)e(!$ce )i,i"s !pp)ic!&)e "# "he p(#ec" &!se% #$ %esi$ c(i"e(i! speciie%

i$ T!&)e 1 sh!)) &e speciie% &8 "he E$i$ee( (#, "he i$#(,!"i#$ sh#/$ &e)#/ !$% i$se("e%

i$"# T!&)e 2. As"e(is6s %e$#"e i$se(" p#i$"s.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *


24/61

TABLE 2. MARSALL ACCEPTANCE LIMITS FOR STABILIT FLO@ AIR VOIS ENSIT

TEST PROPERT

P!+e,e$"s esi$e% #(

Ai(c(!" (#ss @eih"s #

0000 L&s. #( M#(e #( Ti(e

P(ess'(es # 100 Psi #( M#(e

P!+e,e$"s esi$e% #(

Ai(c(!" (#ss @eih"s Less

Th!$ 0000 L&s. #( Ti(e

P(ess'(es Less Th!$ 100 Psi

N',&e( # B)#/s 52 20Speciic!"i#$ T#)e(!$ce Li,i"s Speciic!"i#$ T#)e(!$ce Li,i"s

L U L U

S"!&i)i"8 ,i$i,', p#'$%s 02// 77 0/// 77

F)#/ 0.01-i$ch 2 0: 2 ./

Ai( V#i%s T#"!) Mi pe(ce$" . , . ,

S'(!ce C#'(se M!" e$si"8

pe(ce$"

5:$1 G0/0$1H 5:$1 G0/0$1H

B!se C#'(se M!" e$si"8

pe(ce$"

5,$, 0/0$1H77 5,$, G0/0$1H

#i$" %e$si"8 pe(ce$" 51$1 77 51$1 77

NOTE TO ENINEER. The E$i$ee( ,!8 speci8 "h 'ppe( !$% )#/e( P@L !ccep"!$ce c(i"e(i! 3"/#-

si%e%7 #( %e$si"8. Use 101.= !s "he Uppe( "#)e(!$ce )i,i"s /he$ "/#-si%e% %e$si"8 !ccep"!$ce c(i"e(i! is

speciie% AN i$se(" e%i" p!(!(!ph 401-D.1. See N#"es "# E$i$ee( #))#/i$ p!(!(!ph 401-D.1.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

TABLE 2. MARSALL ACCEPTANCE LIMITS FOR STABILIT FLO@ AIR VOIS ENSIT

TEST PROPERT <

Number of ;los <

Specification Tolerance

( >Stabilit#! minimum! pounds < <

4lo! /$/07inch < <

'ir oids Total &ix! percent < <

&at Densit#! percent < <

@oint densit#! percent < <

The criteria in Table , is based on production processes hich have a variabilit# ith the folloing standard

deviations6

Surface Course &at Densit# *F-! 0$1/;ase Course &at Densit# *F-! 0$,,

@oint Densit# *F-! .$0

The Contractor should note that *0- 5/ P3( is achieved hen consistentl# producing a surface course ith anaverage mat densit# of at least 52 percent ith 0$1/F or less variabilit#! *.- 5/ P3( is achieved hen consistentl#

producing a base course ith an average mat densit# of at least 5+$, percent ith 0$,,F or less variabilit#! and *1-

5/ P3( is achieved hen consistentl# producing 9oints ith an average 9oint densit# of at least 5: percent ith

.$0F or less variabilit#$


25/61

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

A )#" is "he H'!$"i"8 # ,!"e(i!) "# &e c#$"(#))e% !$% ,!8 (ep(ese$" ! speciie% "#$$!e #( !

speciie% $',&e( # "('c6)#!%s. The )#" si>e "# &e %e"e(,i$e% &8 "he E$i$ee( sh#')% #(

"he ,#s" p!(" %epe$% #$ "he #pe(!"i#$!) c!p!ci"8 # "he p)!$" &'" sh!)) i$ $# c!se ecee%

000 "#$s 31 D14 000 67 i$ !cc#(%!$ce /i"h p!(!(!ph 401-2.1!.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

401-2.= RESAMPLIN PAVEMENT FOR MAT ENSIT.

!. e$e(!). Resampling of a lot of pavement ill onl# be alloed for mat densit# , and then! onl# if the

Contractor re%uests same! in riting! ithin )2 hours after receiving the ritten test results from the Engineer$ 'retest ill consist of all the sampling and testing procedures contained in paragraphs )/07,$0b and )/07,$.b*0-$

Onl# one resampling per lot ill be permitted$

317 ' redefined P3( shall be calculated for the resampled lot$ The number of tests used to calculatethe redefined P3( shall include the initial tests made for that lot plus the retests$

37 The cost for resampling and retesting shall be borne b# the Contractor$

&. P!8,e$" #( Res!,p)e% L#"s. The redefined P3( for a resampled lot shall be used to calculate the

pa#ment for that lot in accordance ith Table :$

c. O'")ie(s. Chec" for outliers in accordance ith 'ST& E 0+2! at a significance level of , percent$

401-2.4 LEVELIN COURSE. 'n# course used for truing and leveling shall meet the re%uirements of

paragraph )/071$.! )/07,$.b*0- for air voids and )/07,$.b*.- , but shall not be sub9ect to the densit# re%uirements of

paragraph )/07,$.b*0- for mat densit# and )/07,$.b*1-$ The leveling course shall be compacted ith the sameeffort used to achieve densit# of the test section$ The truing and leveling course shall not exceed a nominal

thic"ness of 07K inches *1+$, mm-$ The leveling course is the first variable thic"ness lift of an overla# placed prior

to subse%uent courses$

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Use "his p!(!(!ph #$)8 /he$ "he(e is ! $ee% "# (es"#(e p(#pe( c(#ss-sec"i#$ p(i#( "#

#+e()!8i$. A(e!s # "he p!+e,e$" (eH'i(i$ ! )e+e)i$ c#'(se sh!)) &e sh#/$ #$ "he p)!$s.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

CONTR'CTOR >'(ITJ CONTRO(

401-.1 ENERAL. The Contractor shall develop a ualit# Control Program in accordance ith Section 0// of

the eneral Provisions$ The program shall address all elements that affect the %ualit# of the pavement including! but

not limited to6

!. &ix Design&. 'ggregate radingc. ualit# of &aterials%. Stoc"pile &anagemente. Proportioning. &ixing and Transportation. Placing and 4inishingh. @ointsi. Compaction


26/61

. Surface Smoothness6. Personnel). (a#don Plan

The Contractor shall perform %ualit# control sampling! testing! and inspection during all phases of the or" and

shall perform them at a rate sufficient to ensure that the or" conforms to the contract re%uirements! and at

minimum test fre%uencies re%uired b# paragraph )/07:$1 and Section 0// of the eneral Provisions$ 's a part of the

process for approving the Contractors plan! the Engineer ma# re%uire the Contractors technician to perform testingof samples to demonstrate an acceptable level of performance$

No partial pa#ment ill be made for materials that are sub9ect to specific %ualit# control re%uirements ithout an

approved plan$

401-. TESTIN LABORATOR. The Contractor shall provide a full# e%uipped asphalt laborator# meeting the

re%uirements of paragraph )/071$, and )/07)$.a*.- located at the plant or 9ob site$ The Contractor shall provide the

Engineer ith certification stating that all of the testing e%uipment to be used is properl# calibrated and ill meet thespecifications applicable for the specified test procedures$

401-.= QUALIT CONTROL TESTIN. The Contractor shall perform all %ualit# control tests necessar# to

control the production and construction processes applicable to these specifications and as set forth in the approved

ualit# Control Program$ The testing program shall include! but not necessaril# be limited to! tests for the controlof asphalt content! aggregate gradation! temperatures! aggregate moisture! field compaction! and surface

smoothness$ ' ualit# Control Testing Plan shall be developed as part of the ualit# Control Program$

!. Asph!)" C#$"e$". ' minimum of to tests shall be performed per lot in accordance ith 'ST& D :1/+ or

'ST& D .0+. for determination of asphalt content$ The eight of ash portion of the test! as described in 'ST& D

.0+.! shall be determined as part of the first test performed at the beginning of plant production and as part of ever#

tenth test performed thereafter! for the duration of plan production$ The last eight of ash value obtained shall beused in the calculation of the asphalt content for the mixture$ The asphalt content for the lot ill be determined b#

averaging the test results$

The use of the nuclear method for determining asphalt content in accordance ith 'ST& D )0., is permitted! provided that it is calibrated for the specific mix being used$

&. (!%!"i#$. 'ggregate gradations shall be determined a minimum of tice per lot from mechanical anal#sis

of extracted aggregate in accordance ith 'ST& D ,))) and 'ST& C 01: *Dr# Sieve-$ 3hen asphalt content isdetermined b# the nuclear method! aggregate gradation shall be determined from hot bin samples on batch plants! or

from the cold feed on drum mix or continuous mix plants! and tested in accordance ith 'ST& C 01: *dr# sieve-

using actual batch eights to determine the combined aggregate gradation of the mixture$

c. M#is"'(e C#$"e$" # A(e!"e. The moisture content of aggregate used for production shall be

determined a minimum of once per lot in accordance ith 'ST& C ,::$

%. M#is"'(e C#$"e$" # Mi"'(e. The moisture content of the mixture shall be determined once per lot inaccordance ith 'ST& D 0):0 or ''SATO T00/$

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

ASTM 141 ,!8 &e (ep)!ce% /i"h AASTO T110 ,#is"'(e c#$"e$" "es"i$ p(#ce%'(e

'si$ ! c#$+e$"i#$!) #+e$ #( ,ic(#/!+e.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

e. Te,pe(!"'(es. Temperatures shall be chec"ed! at least four times per lot! at necessar# locations to

determine the temperatures of the dr#er! the bitumen in the storage tan"! the mixture at the plant! and the mixture at

the 9ob site$


27/61


28/61

No$ ) *)$+, mm- 00 percent

No$ 0: *0$02 mm- 5 percent

No$ ,/ */$1/ mm- : percent

No$ .// */$/+, mm- 1$, percent

'sphalt Content /$2 percent

c. C#((ec"i+e Ac"i#$. The Contractor ualit# Control Program shall indicate that appropriate action shall beta"en hen the process is believed to be out of tolerance$ The Plan shall contain sets of rules to gauge hen a

process is out of control and detail hat action ill be ta"en to bring the process into control$ 's a minimum! a process shall be deemed out of control and production stopped and corrective action ta"en! if6

317 One point falls outside the Suspension (imit line for individual measurements or range or

37 To points in a ro fall outside the 'ction (imit line for individual measurements$

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

The !(e!"e c#$"(#) ch!(" p!(!,e"e(s !$% S'spe$si#$ !$% Ac"i#$ Li,i"s c#$"!i$e% i$ "he

!+e p!(!(!phs !(e &!se% #$ i$ch 31.0 ,,7 ,!i,', si>e !(e!"e (!%!"i#$. @he$

1-i$ch 32.0 ,,7 #( 1- i$ch 3=5.2 ,,7 ,!i,', si>e !(e!"e is speciie% "he I$%i+i%'!)Me!s'(e,e$"s Ch!(" (eH'i(e,e$"s sh#')% &e !,e$%e% !s #))#/sG

Sie+e Ac"i#$ Li,i" S'spe$si#$ Li,i"

1 i$ch #( 1- i$ch 0 0

i$ch 11

@he$ -i$ch 31.2 ,,7 ,!i,', si>e !(e!"e is speciie% "he -i$ch 31.0 ,,7 !$%

1-i$ch 32.0 ,,7 sie+es sh#')% &e %e)e"e% (#, "he I$%i+i%'!) Me!s'(e,e$"s Ch!(" !$% "he

-i$ch 31.2 ,,7 sie+e Ac"i#$ !$% S'spe$si#$ Li,i"s sh#')% &e ch!$e% "# 0. F#( "he

-i$ch 31.2 ,,7 (!%!"i#$ "he -i$ch sie+e sh#')% &e %e)e"e% (#, "he R!$e Ch!(".

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

401-. QUALIT CONTROL REPORTS. The Contractor shall maintain records and shall submit reports of %ualit# control activities dail#! in accordance ith the Contractor ualit# Control Program described in eneral

Provisions! Section 0//$

&ETAOD O4 &E'S>RE&ENT

401-5.1 MEASUREMENT. Plant mix bituminous concrete pavement shall be measured b# the number of tons

*"g- of bituminous mixture used in the accepted or"$ Recorded batch eights or truc" scale eights ill be used

to determine the basis for the tonnage$

;'SIS O4 P'J&ENT

401-D.1 PAMENT. Pa#ment for an accepted lot of bituminous concrete pavement shall be made at the contract

unit price per ton *"g- for bituminous mixture ad9usted according to paragraph )/072$0a! sub9ect to the limitation

that6

The total pro9ect pa#ment for plant mix bituminous concrete pavement shall not exceed percent of the

product of the contract unit price and the total number of tons *"g- of bituminous mixture used in the

accepted or" *See Note . under Table :-$


29/61

The price shall be compensation for furnishing all materials! for all preparation! mixing! and placing of these

materials! and for all labor! e%uipment! tools! and incidentals necessar# to complete the item$

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

The E$i$ee( sh!)) speci8 ! +!)'e (!$i$ (#, 100 "# "he ,!i,', )#" p!8 !c"#( !,#'$".

310 pe(ce$" #( si$)e-si%e% %e$si"8 #( 10= pe(ce$" /he$ %#'&)e-si%e% %e$si"8 is speciie%.7@he$ "he "#"!) p(#ec" p!8,e$" #( I"e, P-401 p!+e,e$" ecee%s "he c#$"(!c" '$i" p(ice

!$8 AIP #( PFC '$%s 'se% "# p!8 "he ecess ,!8 (eH'i(e !$ !,e$%,e$" "# "he AIP (!$" #(

PFC !pp)ic!"i#$ #( "he p(#ec".

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

!. B!sis # A%'s"e% P!8,e$". The pa# factor for each individual lot shall be calculated in accordance ith

pavimento flexible- specifications p-401 and 403

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