paul root wolpe, ph.d. - world anti-doping agency (wada) · pdf filepaul root wolpe, ph.d. asa...
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Paul Root Wolpe, Ph.D. Asa Griggs Candler Professor of Bioethics Director, Center for Ethics Editor-in-Chief, AJOB Neuroscience
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Outline
I. Ethics – a slightly different take What Ethics is Ethics, Sports, PEDs Sports and Social Media
II. Two major social trends that impact attitudes towards sports ethics
Information technology {Social Media} Biotechnology
III. Reflections
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Ethics, Values, Morals VALUES reflect what we hold and commit to (e.g.,
“fairness” “sportsmanship”) ETHICS reflects what we, and our communities,
believe about how to realize and order our values (“Cheating is a form of poor sportsmanship and is unethical”)
MORALS reflect how we actually behave (“Lance Armstrong had a moral failure.”)
Therefore… ETHICS is the system by which we translate our
deepest and most dearly held values into action Being UNETHICAL is failing to live up to those
values
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Ethical Ideas and Perspectives (a sociologist’s questions)
Where do they come from? (Why are “natural”
sports vaues and “enhanced” sports not?)
Who promotes them? (Why are some sports more rigorous than others?)
How are they disseminated? (How do we communicate anti-doping values?)
Whose interests are being served? (Who benefits from lax doping regulations or enforcement?)
Where are the ethical trends going right now?
Why do ethical ideas/question arise at certain times and cultural contexts?
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Why sport is a special case
Sports are wholly artificial constructs Sport generally involves direct competition with
an ‘other’ (or sometimes with self) Tends to be a zero-sum game
Sport is based on agreeing to a consensual set of rules all play by Violations undermine the stated ‘goal’ of besting an
other under agreed upon rules Violations therefore threaten the game itself
Sports inherently require honesty and trust
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Ethics and PEDs
“When it comes to performance-enhancing drugs, gene doping, and the panoply of manipulations banned widely in sports, the challenge is less about fairness than about meaning.” – Tom Murray, (Hastings Center Report, 2010)
Sport is about setting boundaries around limitations – physical and environmental We go out of our way to level playing fields when
possible – gender segregation, weight classes in boxing, golf handicapping, age stratification, etc.
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Social Media
Characteristics (derived and elaborated from Bradley, 2010)
Mass participation/collaboration Collective identity formation around cause/site Transparency/open dialogue Independence/‘anytime, anyplace collaboration’ Persistence/endurance Perpetuation into other venues and sites Emergent structures, culture, expertise, action
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Sports, Doping, & Social Media
Social Media and PED use Information resource Access resource
Social Media and the Control of Doping Discourse Branding Claims-making Rapid response Damage Control
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As of late May, Lance Armstrong still had
3,965,000 followers on Twitter
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Increasing Technological Power
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• Pharmaceuticals • Cogniceuticals • Moodiceuticals • Sensiceuticals • Recreceuticals • Nutriceuticals
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We are all becoming Cyborgs, an integrated network of organic, chemical, biomechanical, and information technologies
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Scientists’ Use of Brain Enhancers Nature 452, 674-675; 2008
20% of readers reported using at least one of these for non-medical reasons:
Ritalin (62%) Modafinil (44%) Beta blockers (15%)
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Igniting the Moral Imagination of 21st Century Leaders
www.ethics.emory.edu