Passive VoiceSimple Present Tense Simple Future Tense

Present Perfect Tense

Modal Verbs

am / is / are + v-ed will +be + v-ed

have / has + been + v-ed canmay + be + v-edmust

is eaten is cut ’ve been given is thought / isn’t thought

is served

is drunk should be pushed

’ve been invited

is said can be eaten is required ’re expected

are used will be invited

’re offered has been brought

is held will be filled are prepared

Passive Voice“Enjoy your meal” is usually only

said by a waiter.“Enjoy your meal”

S.

a waiterO.

A waiterS.

usually only “EnjoyO.

your meal”.

In the West, lunchS.

lunch is eaten later. In the West,

V.

is

peopleS. eat

V.lunch

O.

later.

V.

is eaten

saidsays

V.

Change the following sentences into Active Voice.

1 Knives and forks are used for most food.People use knives and forks for most

food. 2 The fork is held in your left and the knife in your right. You hold the fork in your left and the

knife in your right.

Other Sentence StructureOther Sentence Structure

Conditional Tense

If I have time, I will study my lessons.

have willstudy

Likely to happen.

If you’re the guest, your plate will be filled by your host.

If you’re the guest, your host will fill your plate.

If you’ve been invited to dinner by Western friends, you’re expected to stay and talk around the dinner table long after the last dish has been brought to the table.

Unit 2Do as the Romans

do

No one will be crossNo one will be crossparagraph 5

I was cross with him for being late. Minnie wears a tiny golden cross.

adj.

She crossed the road without following the traffic light.

My naughty brother puts a big cross on my paper.

n.

v.

n.

quite angry

Christian

symbol

go across

mark on paper×

serve / offer / giveserve / offer / give

They served a wonderful meal to more than fifty guests.

serve (serve sth. to sb. / serve sb. sth.)

~ to provide food / drinks and services for customers.

Example:

V.

serve / offer / giveserve / offer / give

I offer him a job.

~ willing to give sth. to sb. Example:

offer (offer sth. to sb. / offer sb. sth)V.

~ to provide sth. such as product or service.

Our school offers a summer class on Classical Dance each year.

Example:

serve / offer / giveserve / offer / give

What are you giving your father for his birthday?

give (give sth. to sb. / give sb. sth)~ hand sth. to sb. so that they can look

at it, use it or keep it for a time

Example:

V.

middaymidday

~ 12 o’clock in the daytime

In the west, lunch is eaten later, always after midday.

paragraph 2

a midday meal

n.

adj.

after midday = after noonn.

expression (n.)expression (n.)paragraph 3

But there’s no similar expression in English.

~ words or phrases

I can’t express myself well enough in English.

Example:

express (v.)~ tell sb. about a feeling, opinion or aim by speaking or writing.

explanation (n.)explanation (n.)paragraph 5

~ to say why something is happened.Example:I can’t think of any explanation for his lateness.

explain (v.)

Example:~ to give a detailed report about something.

He made a story to explain why he was late.

be used for / be used as / be used bybe used for / be used as / be used by

This expression is only used by foreigners.

Paper is used for daily writing.

This box is used as a seat in my house.

Somebody uses something

The use of something

Having a particular job or use

Class Discussion

Why do Chinese always order so many dishes when they invite guests? Do you like this custom? Why?

Generally, fewer dishes are prepared than in China.

Custom

Chinese Western

Cantonese

Shanghainese

Sichuan

Italian

French American

Chinese eating culture

Western eating culture

large dishes

put all dishes on the table

small dishes

serve one dish after the other

feelingwastefulquiet

full of joy

noisy savingstingysavingfaces

emptiness

The usage of concept map

Construct the argumentative writing

Organize the idea

Justify the bad and good aspects

ConclusionConclusion

Passive Voice and Active Voice

If - clause

Usage of some vocabulary

Concept map

Do as the Romans do =

Accept and Respect other

cultures