These are movements which are produced by an external force during muscular inactivity or when the voluntary activity of the muscles are reduced

Carried out either by the therapist or a

machine

Passive Movements

Passive Manual Mobilizations

Mobilization of Joints

Manipulation of joints

Relaxed Passive Movements

(including accessory movements)

Movements performed accurately and smoothly by the therapist

Knowledge of Anatomy of joints is a must Movement is performed in the same

direction of the active movement Joint is moved through the existing free

range within the pain limits

Occur as a part of normal joint movement Consists of Gliding, Rolling, and Sliding

movements

Small, Rhythmical, Oscillatory, Localized,

accessory or functional movements performed by the therapist (in various amplitudes within the available range, under patients control)

a. By Physiotherapist Accurately localized, single, quick, decisive

movements of small amplitude and high velocity

Completed before the patient can stop b. By Surgeon/Physician Movements are performed under anesthesia

(1)Relaxation of the Patient - Proper explanation about the

treatment procedure - Selecting proper starting position - Providing adequate privacy (II) Fixation Bone proximal to the joint moved is

fixed by the therapists hand to localize the movement to the specific joints and prevent any compensatory movement

(III)Support Treated part is supported by the

therapists hand or slings in case of heavy limbs

Remaining parts are well supported by the couch

Bony prominences are supported by small pads

(IV) Traction Given in the long axis of the bone to

reduce intra-articular friction and facilitate movement

(V)Range of Movement Within the existing free range and

within the limits of pain (VI) Physiotherapist's Stance In the direction of line of movement Commonly used stances are the walk

stance and stride stand

(VII)Speed of movement Slow, smooth, rhythmical and uniform (VIII) Duration Depends upon the individual Passive movements are discarded once

the recovery is started

(IX)repetitions Usually 8-10 repetitions are given twice

(02) a day (IV) Sequence - Neurological cases: from proximal to

distal joints - For draining fluids: from distal to

proximal

* Muscle Paralysis * Pain * Joint Disease * Prolong Bed rest * Prolong immobilization (Fracture/dislocation)

* Major Surgery * Unconscious patients or Coma * Oedema * Insomnia (inability to sleep) or Mental

illness patients (who needs relaxation) * Venous stasis (in case of Varicose Veins)

* Sharp Acute Pain * Acute inflammation or infection of joints * Acute soft tissue injuries eg: Sprain, strain, tear or rupture * Recent fractures * Recent dislocations or subluxations

* DVT * Unhealed surgical incisions * Unhealed burns * Open Wounds

References GARDINER, M. D. 1963. The principles of

exercise therapy, Macmillan.

NARAYANAN, A. 2005. Texbook of Therapeutic Exercises, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers.

KISNER, C. & COLBY, L. A. 2012. Therapeutic Exercise: Foundations and Techniques, F. A. Davis Company

http://srilankanphysiotherapy.blogspot.com/

PASSIVE MOVEMENTS INTRODUCTIONCLASSIFICATION SPECIFIC DEFINITIONSPRINCIPLESSlide Number 9Slide Number 10Slide Number 11Slide Number 12INDICATIONSSlide Number 14CONTRAINDICATIONSSlide Number 16References THE END!!!