party organization and functions
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Party Organization and Functions. Party Organization. Party Memberships 2 Major American Parties: Republicans and Democrats No formal requirements for membership affiliation declared at registration . Organization. Local: Grassroots, the underestimated force - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Party Organization and Functions
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Party Organization• Party Memberships
– 2 Major American Parties: Republicans and Democrats
– No formal requirements for membership – affiliation declared at registration
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Organization• Local: Grassroots, the underestimated force
– Divided by precincts, led by Precinct captain – neighboring precincts form Wards, represented at county
committee• State: State Central Committee
– made up of county representatives, led by state chairperson– help elect members to state government positions
• National: Three Parts– National Convention: meets every four years to elect party’s
candidate for POTUS– National Committee: led my national chairperson, runs party
operations and raises money– Congressional campaign committee: raises money and identifies
candidate to run in congressional elections
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Party Functions
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Party FunctionsRecruit candidates• Most important
function– must be appealing,
share basic ideology
Educate the Public• take positions on
important issues• Frame the opposition
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Party FunctionsOperate the government• agendas in line with party
platforms• ties together branchesDispense patronage• jobs, appointments,
contracts• The Pendleton Act (1883)
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Party FunctionsThe Loyal Opposition• provides alternative to
party in power• fights to preserve the
rights of the minorityReduce conflict• builds coalitions of
interest groups• moderate policies, mass
appeal
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Nominating Candidates• Historical Methods
→Caucus … still used, most notably in Iowa
→National Convention• Direct Primary System
→Determine votes of Convention Delegates
→Closed vs. Open Primary→Caucuses vs. primaries
• Criticisms:→Front loading; Image over issues
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The National Convention• Pre-election meeting of
the national party• Bound vs. Unbound
delegates• Superdelegates• Determines the party’s
ticket & finalizes the platform
• Criticism: operates more as a pep rally than serious meeting
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Ticket splitting and voting for the opposition
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WHY HAS THE TWO-PARTY SYSTEM PERSISTED IN THE UNITED STATES?
1.Plurality System2.Voter Opinion3.State Laws
Minor Parties• Ideological • One-issue • Economic-protest• Factional
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