Parts of Speech Review

Patel’s AP English Language

Opening Activity

▪Quick! List the 8 Parts of Speech in Your Notes! (Leave a space after each for notes.)

How Did You Do?

▪ Noun

▪ Pronoun

▪ Verb

▪ Adjective

▪ Adverb

▪ Conjunction

▪ Preposition

▪ Interjection

Review of Definitions (Base sentence parts – Subject and Verb)

▪ Nouns – refer to people, places, things, or ideas

▪ Pronouns – take the place of or refer back to nouns

▪ Verbs – refer to activities or existence (am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been)

Review of Definitions, pt. 2 (modifiers)

▪ Adjectives – modify nouns or pronouns; answer Which one? What kind? How many? How much?

▪ Adverbs – modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs; answer How? When? Where? Why? How often? To what extent?

Review of Parts of Speech, pt. 3(connectors, sentence glue)

▪ Conjunctions – used to connect words, phrases, or sentences in a coordinating way (FANBOYS)

▪ Prepositions – a word that connects with a noun phrase to modify another word or phrase in the sentence; connects in terms of time (after, before, etc.); space (above, below, etc.); or logic (for, with, etc.)

Review of Definitions, pt. 4

Interjections – words or phrases that add intensity of emotion but not information (Think of your response to slamming your finger in the car door.)

So. . . How’d you do?

Grammar vs. Rhetoric

▪ For our purposes, we will refer to grammar as those terms and rules that help us to write clearly.

▪ We will refer to rhetoric as a development of style that helps us to write elegantly and effectively.

Grammar Practice – Noun categories

▪ Spend a few minutes reading and marking up your Nouns handout. Be sure to note different categories, as these count as terminology (cough, cough, QUIZ MATERIAL).

▪ Then complete the exercise on the bottom of the page. You may consult with a neighbor, but each person must complete their own exercise on their own sheet.

Noun Practice Answers - Identification

It was night again. The Waystone Inn lay in silence, and it was a silence of three parts.

▪ The most obvious part was a hollow, echoing quiet, made by things that were lacking. If there had been a wind it would have signed through the trees, set the inn’s sign creaking on its hooks, and brushed the silence down the road like trailing autumn leaves. If there had been a crowd, even a handful of men inside the inn, they would have filled the silence with conversation and laughter, the clatter and clamor one expects from a drinking house during the dark hours of night. If there had been music . . . but no, of course there was no music. In fact there were none of these things, and so the silence remained.

▪ From The Name of the Wind by Patrick Rothfuss.

Noun categories

▪ Night = common, concrete (?)Waystone Inn = proper, concrete, compoundsilence (every time used) = common, concrete (?)part/parts = common, abstractquiet = common, concretethings = common, concrete (context)wind = common, concreteTrees = common, concretesign = common, concrete (context)hooks = common, concretesilence = common, concreteroad = common, concreteleaves = common, concrete crowd = common, concrete, collective

▪ Handful = common, concreteMen = common, concrete, collectiveinn = common, concreteconversation = common, concrete (?)laughter = common, concreteclatter= common, concreteclamor = common, concretedrinking house = common, concrete, compoundhours = common, abstractnight = common, concretemusic = common, concrete

Ok, so that was a grammar exercise. . .

▪ Now, let’s talk rhetoric.

1. Reread the paragraphs.

2. Identify the mood of the paragraph. (In other words, if you walked into the scene, how would you feel about your surroundings?)

3. Try to explain how the author’s diction –in this case, specifically his noun choices – create this mood.