partner webcast – oracle database 12c: maximum availability for consolidation and cloud
TRANSCRIPT
Copyright © 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |
Introduction to Oracle Maximum Availability Architecture An Overview
Okcan Yasin saygılı IMC Consultant 24.02.2015 [email protected]
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Program Agenda
High Availability Business Challenge
Oracle Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA)
Key HA Features for Oracle Database
Customer Deployments
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Improve service while increasing return on investment
HA Business Challenges
Eliminate risk of downtime and data loss
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Generic volume manager & file system…
Generic backup software
Generic cold failover cluster
Failover Server Production Server
Identical storage
Idle DR
Storage mirroring
Traditional High Availability Cold Start = High Risk Idle Assets = High Cost
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Examples where Traditional Architecture Failed
U.S. State Government – more info
– SAN memory failure, problem mirrored to standby SAN.
5-day outage
Global Specialty Retailer – more info
– Disk failure, followed by mirrored disk failure. Restore from local backup failed. Restore using copy at DR site also failed.
8-day outage
5-day outage
European Cloud Infrastructure Provider – more info
– Storage array failed, unable to read tape backups used for DR
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Enterprises Need a Better Approach to HA
Requirement Solution Profile
Protect from outages Any type, anywhere
Reduce recovery time Zero, seconds or minutes
Prevent data loss Zero or seconds
Minimize risk Continuous validation, test whenever
Eliminate complexity Simpler, pre-integrated
Increase ROI Reduce cost, utilize all assets
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Program Agenda
High Availability Business Challenge
Oracle Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA)
Key HA Features for Oracle Database
Customer Deployments
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What is Maximum Availability Architecture?
• Database-aware HA architecture for any platform or application
• Prescribed HA best practices benefiting from a community effect
• Integrated with Oracle Engineered Systems
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24 X 7
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Design Principles
Oracle MAA Data Protection and Availability
Data Protection at Every Level
Strong Fault Isolation: Real-Time Validation
Real-time HA/DR: All Components Active
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Edition-based Redefinition, Online Redefinition, Data Guard, GoldenGate – Minimal downtime maintenance, upgrades, migrations
Active Data Guard – Data Protection, DR – Query Offload
GoldenGate – Active-active replication – Heterogeneous
Active Replica
RMAN, Oracle Secure Backup, Zero Data Loss Recovery Appliance
– Backup to disk, tape or cloud
Enterprise Manager Cloud Control – Site Guard,Coordinated Site Failover
Application Continuity – Application HA
Global Data Services – Service Failover / Load Balancing
RAC – Scalability – Server HA
ASM – Local storage
protection
Production Site
Flashback – Human error
correction
Oracle Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA)
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Edition-based Redefinition, Online Redefinition, Data Guard, GoldenGate – Minimal downtime maintenance, upgrades, migrations
Active Data Guard – Data Protection, DR – Query Offload
GoldenGate – Active-active replication – Heterogeneous
Active Replica
RMAN, Oracle Secure Backup, Zero Data Loss Recovery Appliance
– Backup to disk, tape or cloud
Enterprise Manager Cloud Control – Site Guard,Coordinated Site Failover
Application Continuity – Application HA
Global Data Services – Service Failover / Load Balancing
RAC – Scalability – Server HA
ASM – Local storage
protection
Production Site
Flashback – Human error
correction
Oracle Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA)
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Availability Service Levels for Unplanned and Planned Outages
Oracle MAA Availability Tiers
BRONZE
SILVER
GOLD • Comprehensive HA and Disaster Protection • Recovery in seconds with zero or near-zero data loss
• High Availability (HA) for Recoverable Local Outages • Backups plus redo for Oracle data protection
• Basic Service Restart • Backups plus redo for Oracle data protection
PLATINUM • Zero Outage for Platinum Ready Applications • Zero data loss
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Program Agenda
High Availability Business Challenge
Oracle Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA)
Key HA Features for Oracle Database
Customer Deployments
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2
3
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Security & Compliance
Big Data & Data Warehousing
Consolidation
Database as a Service
Application Development
High Availability
In-Memory
Performance & Scalability
Data Optimization
Available on all Platforms
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MAA and Oracle Multitenant
Area Capability
Backups • Backup and restore at a CDB level or a PDB level
Clusters • CDB is the Oracle instance, PDBs are exposed as database services
Replication • CDB is a single database to replicate and failover using physical replication • Alternatively, use logical replication to replicate individual PDBs
Planned Maintenance • CDB is a single database to patch or upgrade • Alternatively, perform maintenance at a PDB level using unplug/plug
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Simplicity and Flexibility – Across all Reference Architectures
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The Foundation of Cloud Deployments
Oracle MAA Reference Architectures
BRONZE
SILVER
GOLD
PLATINUM
Restart
Replication
Backups + Redo
Platinum-Ready Apps
Clusters
Backups
Clusters
Clusters + Replication
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Basic Service Restart and Restore from Backup
Bronze Reference Architecture
BRONZE Restart
Backups
• Key HA Components – Efficient database consolidation
– Automatic restart
– Database-integrated corruption protection
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– Flashback and Recovery Manager
– Self-service provisioning and life-cycle management
– Zero Data Loss Recovery Appliance
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Physical Data Protection
Data Corruption Protection
ASM Mirroring
Human Error Correction
Flashback Technologies: Drop, Query, Transaction, Table,
and Database
Planned Maintenance
Online Redefinition
Online Reorganization
Online File Move
Online Patching
Fast Backup & Recovery
Recovery Manager (RMAN)
Fast Recovery Area
Single Instance Oracle Database HA Features
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MAA: Data Corruption Protection for Oracle Databases
• DB_BLOCK_CHECKSUM, DB_BLOCK_CHECKING
– Validate checksum on read and update
– Prevents corrupted block to be written to disk
– Recover using good data block and redo
• Automatic Storage Management
– Data Corruption or I/O error triggers repair
– Reads extent copies for good copy
– Good writes can correct existing corruptions
• Exadata Corruption Detection and Automatic Disk Scrub and Repair
– Prevents physical corruption during writes (OS to storage)
– Inspects and repairs hard disk corruption that resides on storage
– Integrated with ASM to repair using good extent copy
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Validation, Detection and Repair in Memory, During I/O and on Disk
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ASM supports ALL data
• database files,
• filesystems,
•Clusterware files (OCR, Voting Disk)
Built-in mirroring protects from disk failures
Auto-repair of corrupt blocks using a valid mirror copy
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Automatic Storage Management (ASM)
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Flashback Technologies
• Fast point-in-time recovery (PITR) without expensive restore operation
• Error investigation
– View data as of previous point in time
• Error correction
– Back-out a transaction
– Incorrect table updates
– Rewind the entire database
• Use cases: Rolling upgrades, Snapshot Standby
Rewind Button for Oracle Databases
@T2 Col-1 Col-.. Col-n
Row-1 tom 1234 vp
Row-2 ben 8834 vp
Row-3 charlie 9837 vp
Row-n tom 8793 vp
@T1 Col-1 Col-.. Col-n
Row-1 abby 1234 officer
Row-2 ben 8834 mgr
Row-3 Charlie 9837 officer
Row-n tom 8793 vp Wrong Update
Flashback Table
DB @ T1 DB @ T2
Batch Update
Flashback Database
Wrong Update
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Database Integrated Backup and Recovery
Oracle Recovery Manager: RMAN
• Unique knowledge of database file formats and recovery procedures
– Oracle block validation
– Online block-level recovery
– Native encryption, compression
– Table/partition-level recovery
– Oracle Multitenant support
• Tape and cloud backups
• Unified Management
RMAN
Data Files
Fast Recovery Area (FRA)
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Cloud
Tape
Disk Tape
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1 0 1
0 1 0 1 0
1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1
1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 1 1 0 1
1 0 1 0
0 1
Fine-grained Table Recovery From Backup
• Simple RECOVER TABLE command to recover one or more tables (most recent or older version) from an RMAN backup
• Eliminates time and complexity associated with manual restore, recover & export
– Enables fine-grained point-in-time recovery of individual tables instead of the contents of the entire tablespace
RMAN Backups
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1 1 1 0 1
1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1
0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
1 0 0 1
1 1 1 0 1
1 0 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 0 1
0 0
1 0 1 0
0 0
0 1
1 0 0
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Simplified Platform Migration
Cross-Platform Backup & Restore
• Simplifies procedure for platform migration
• Minimize read-only impact with multiple incremental backups
Source Database (AIX)
Backup to Disk/Tape
(data files, optional endian conversion, metadata export)
Restore Backup (optional endian
conversion, metadata import)
Destination Database (Solaris)
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Zero Data Loss Recovery Appliance: Sub-second RPO
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Delta Store – virtual full backups
• Stores validated, compressed changes on disk • Fast restores to any point-in-time using deltas •Built on Exadata scaling and resilience •Enterprise Manager end-to-end control
Recovery Appliance
Delta Push
•Access and send only changes •Minimal impact on production •Data Guard real-time redo ship
instantly protects new transactions
Protected Databases
Protects all Oracle Databases
•Petabytes of data •Oracle 10.2-12c, any platform •No expensive backup agents
Offloads Tape
Backup
Replicates to a remote Recovery
Appliance for disaster recovery
Unified Management
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Recovery Appliance: Unique Benefits for Business and I.T.
Minimal Impact Backups
Production databases only send changes. All backup and tape processing offloaded
Eliminate Data Loss
Real-time redo shipping provides instant protection of new transactions
Cloud-Scale Protection
Easily protect all databases in the data center using massively scalable service
Database Level Recoverability
End-to-end reliability, visibility, and control of databases, not disjoint files
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HA for Recoverable Local Outages
Silver Reference Architecture
• Key HA Components
– Oracle Database clusters: Oracle RAC and RAC One Node
– Integrated application failover
– Recovery Appliance Real-Time Redo Transport
SILVER Backups + Redo
Clusters
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Oracle RAC One Node
• Fast instance failover
– Automatic failover of the Oracle instance
– Warm start - volumes already mounted, Oracle HA services and listener are always running
• Fast application failover
– Applications are notified and automatically failover to the new instance
• Zero-downtime planned maintenance
– Two instances are active during maintenance
– User-transparent draining of connections during service starts and stops
Best HA for single-instance Oracle Database
Oracle Instance
Oracle Database
Reads/Writes
App Server
Reads/Writes
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Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC)
• Enables shared access by two or more database instances to a single Oracle Database
• Very Scalable
– All instances active
– Add capacity online
– Ideal for database consolidation
• Highly Available
– Auto-failover of services to an already running instance
– Outage is transparent to user, in-flight transactions succeed
• Application Continuity with Oracle Database 12c
– Zero downtime rolling maintenance
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Active-active clustering for enhanced HA and scalability
Instances
Database
Reads/Writes
App Server
Reads/Writes
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Gold Reference Architecture HA for All Outages: Server, Database, Cluster, Site & Region
GOLD Replication
Clusters
• Key Features – Database-aware replication
– Integrated application failover
– Automated site failover
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Included with Oracle Database Enterprise Edition
Data Guard: Real-time Data Protection and Availability
Primary Data Center DR Data Center
Enterprise Manager Cloud Control
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SYNC / ASYNC
Fast Failover (manual or automatic)
SYNC / ASYNC
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An Option License for Oracle Database Enterprise Edition
Active Data Guard: Advanced Capabilities
Zero data loss at any distance
Primary Data Center DR Data Center
Automatic block repair
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Standby database open read-only for subscriber
inquiries, catalog lookup, pricing information, order
status, reporting, etc.
Fast incremental backups to a Recovery Appliance
SYNC / ASYNC
Enterprise Manager Cloud Control
Fast Failover (manual or automatic)
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MAA Configuration Options Local Disaster Recovery with Zero Data Loss
• Second system deployed for local DR (within 200 miles or <5ms RTT*)
– Synchronous redo transport, Data Guard Maximum Availability
– Active Data Guard: offload read-only reporting
Primary Local Standby
SYNC
*Performance testing required, the impact of synchronous replication will vary by application
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MAA Configuration Options Remote Disaster Recovery with Maximum Performance
• Second system deployed for remote DR
– Asynchronous redo transport, Data Guard Maximum Performance
– Active Data Guard: offload read-only reporting
Primary Remote Standby
Asynchronous Transport
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MAA Configuration Options Multi-Standby: Local HA Failover plus Geographic Protection
• Dual standby configuration
– Local standby is primary failover target for HA with zero data loss
– Remote standby is failover of last resort
– Both can be used to offload read-only workload, backups, rolling upgrades, test
Primary Remote Standby
Asynchronous
Local Standby
SYNC
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General Process for Data Guard Database Rolling Maintenance
Reduce Planned Downtime
Database A Database B
Original version
New version
Install new version in separate Oracle homes and defer transport
Synchronize
Synchronize STBY
Upgrade or perform other maintenance on B then synchronize with production
SWITCHOVER
Switch production to B, outage limited to the time needed to switch roles STBY
Synchronize Upgrade A via redo stream
and synchronize STBY
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Flexible Logical Replication
Oracle GoldenGate
• Target database is a logical copy of the source and is open read-write
• Comprehensive support for heterogeneous environments
• Asynchronous replication for near-zero data loss protection
Source & Target Oracle & Non-Oracle Database(s)
Target & Source Oracle & Non-Oracle Database(s)
Capture Trail
Files Pump Delivery
LAN / WAN / Internet
Over TCP/IP
Trail
Files
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GoldenGate: Heterogeneous Replication
Databases O/S and Platforms
Oracle GoldenGate Capture and Delivery: Oracle DB2 Microsoft SQL Server Sybase ASE Teradata Enscribe SQL/MP SQL/MX MySQL v5.5 JMS message queues
Oracle GoldenGate Delivery: All listed above, plus: TimesTen, Postgres Netezza, Greenplum, HP Neoview ETL products
Linux
Oracle Solaris 11
Windows 2000, 2003, XP
HP NonStop
HP-UX
IBM AIX v7.1
IBM z Series
zLinux
IBM i Series
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Oracle GoldenGate Flexible Deployment Models Unidirectional • Query Offloading • Near-zero Downtime Maintenance and Migrations
Bi-Directional • Active-Active for HA • Zero Downtime Maintenance and Migrations
Peer-to-Peer • Load Balancing • Multi-Master
Broadcast Data Distribution
Integration/Consolidation Data Warehouse
BPM
BAM
CEP
Data Distribution via Messaging
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Logical vs. Physical Replication?
• Logical replication is more flexible for an increased number of use-cases
– Heterogeneous replication
– Full-featured replication solution: subsets, transformations, many-to-one replication, etc
– Logical replica open read-write enables flexible options for planned maintenance and reporting
– Fast fall-back to prior version (can replicate from higher to lower Oracle release)
• However there are trade-offs for disaster recovery compared to physical replication
– More effort to configure and operate
– Inherently an asynchronous process, no concept of zero data loss protection
– Some data type restrictions and performance implications for high volume workloads
– Each replica has same data, but each is a different database (backups not interchangeable)
– Does not have all of the data validation and auto-repair features of Active Data Guard
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Active Data Guard and GoldenGate: Strong Suits Complimentary Solutions often used Together in Gold Reference Architectures
Active Data Guard: Disaster Recovery and Data Protection
High-performance, simple, drop-in physical replication for HA and DR
Zero data loss, unique data corruption protection, switchover / failover, offload read-only workloads
Disaster recovery for all data types, applications and workloads
GoldenGate: Flexible HA, Maintenance and Migrations, Real-Time Data Integration
Logical replication for advanced replication requirements, target open read-write
Enable minimal/zero downtime upgrades and application migration using 2nd database copy
Heterogeneous platforms, bi-directional replication, transformations, subsetting, multiple topologies
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Oracle Site Guard
• Automate site switchover/failover
– Reliably manages start-order dependencies
• Validated with:
– Oracle Fusion Middleware
– Oracle Databases
– Oracle Fusion Application deployments
• Supports both Data Guard and storage replication
• Extensible to integrate with non-Oracle components
Automated Site Failover for Oracle Stack – Database and Applications
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Zero Application Outage and Zero Data Loss
Platinum Reference Architecture
PLATINUM Platinum-Ready Apps
Clusters and Replication
• Key Features – Zero data loss at any distance
– Mask outages from end-users
– Zero downtime maintenance and migrations
– Global service management for replicated databases
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Primary Database Far Sync Instance
Active Standby Database • Oracle control file and log files • No database files • No media recovery • Offload transport compression • Supports up to thirty remote
destinations
• Zero data loss failover target • DR and reporting instance • Open read-only • Continuous Oracle validation • Manual or automatic failover
SYNC Limited distance
ASYNC Any distance
transport compression over WAN
Active Data Guard Far Sync Zero Data Loss Protection at Any Distance
• Production copy
Zero Data Loss Failover
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Application Continuity
• Replay in-flight work on recoverable errors
• Mask many hardware, software, network, storage errors and outages
• Improve end-user experience and productivity without requiring custom application development
• Included in Oracle Database 12c with Oracle RAC, RAC One Node and Active Data Guard
Mask Unplanned/Planned Outages
Application Server
Database Servers
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1. Database Request
5. Response
3. Errors, Timeouts
2. DB Calls 4. Application Continuity
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Mask Outages from the End-User
Application Continuity
Application Servers
Database Servers
End User
Network Switches
User performs a web checkout from an e-commerce site
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2
User transaction arrives at application infrastructure and makes its way through the app-server tier and results in a database transaction being created.
The infrastructure hosting the database fails just before the transaction is committed to the database.
If transaction needs to be replayed, “Application Continuity” submits in-flight work to a surviving node in the cluster and performs a commit, transparently to the application
JDBC driver detects the failure and checks with an available node in the cluster, using “Transaction Guard”, whether the transaction committed or needs to be replayed.
The user receives confirmation that the website order has been successfully completed.
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Bi-Directional Logical Replication for Zero Planned Downtime
Oracle GoldenGate
• Zero-downtime maintenance and migrations
• Active-Active high availability
• Heterogeneous replication, data distribution and integration
Source & Target Oracle & Non-Oracle Database(s)
Target & Source Oracle & Non-Oracle Database(s) Bi-directional
LAN / WAN / Internet
Over TCP/IP
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Global Data Services
• Before Oracle 12c, a Database Service was designed to run within a single RAC database
• Oracle 12c introduces Global Database Services that can run across multiple RAC and non-RAC databases
– Provides RAC-style service failover, workload routing and balancing across multiple replicas
– Supports Data Guard, GoldenGate
– Takes into account network latency, replication lag, and service placement policies
• Maximizes application availability & performance and enhances ROI of replicas
• Included with Active Data Guard and Oracle GoldenGate
Workload Routing, Balancing & Service Failover for Replicated Databases
Oracle GoldenGate
Primary Active Standby
Active Data Guard or Oracle GoldenGate
Site A Site B
Global Data Services Global Service
Failover
Load Balancing
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SALES GDS POOL (OE_service)
HR GDS POOL (payroll_service)
Master Master
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Global Data Services
• Before Oracle 12c, a Database Service was designed to run within a single RAC database
• Oracle 12c introduces Global Database Services that can run across multiple RAC and non-RAC databases
– Provides RAC-style service failover and load balancing across multiple databases within and across data centers
– Supports Data Guard, GoldenGate, and non-RAC databases
– Takes into account network latency, replication lag, and service placement policies
• Achieves higher availability, improved manageability and maximize performance
Service Failover and Load Balancing for Replicated Databases
Global Data Services
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Exadata X5 Oracle Exadata is software and hardware engineered together to provide the highest-performing and most-available platform for running Oracle Database. Its architecture features a scale-out design with industry-standard servers and intelligent storage, including state-of-the-art flash technology, and a high-speed InfiniBand internal fabric. Elastic configurations enable systems tailored to specific database workloads.
Oracle EXADATA X5 Available Now !!!
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Role-Based Dynamic Database Services
– Ensures appropriate services start after database failover
Fast Application Notification (FAN)
– Applications immediately drop their connection instead of waiting for TCP timeout
Fast Connection Failover (FCF)
– Applications automatically retry and establish new connection using a connect string that has addresses for both primary and standby
Application Continuity
– In-flight transactions are automatically replayed after failover to mask impact of an outage from the end-user
Integrated Application Failover - Components
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Program Agenda
High Availability Business Challenge
Oracle Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA)
Key HA Features for Oracle Database
Customer Deployments
1
2
3
55
4
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MAA At World Class
Customers
*http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/availability/ow-papers-089200.html
MAA Customer MAA Implementation Theme
PayPal Oracle Database 12c MAA for Mission-Critical Web App
Wells Fargo Active Data Guard at one of World’s Largest Banks
Fidelity Robust Data Protection with Exadata
Symantec Enabling Consolidation & High Availability with Exadata
Sanger Oracle Database 12c Multitenant & MAA Best Practices
Amway Deploying Oracle Database 12c Global Data Services
Boeing Oracle Database 12c Flex Cluster & Flex ASM
Thomson Reuters MAA Design Patterns in Action
Paychex Achieving the Best RPO & RTO with MAA & Exadata
State Street RMAN: Foundation for Exadata Backup & Recovery
US Cellular Eliminate Performance Bottlenecks with Exadata Flash
CCI Consolidation & Performance with Exadata
WestJet Siebel + MAA with Exadata
Sherwin-Williams Oracle E-Business Suite + MAA with Exadata
State of Texas Journey to Database As A Service
oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/availability/ha-casestudies-098033.html
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PayPal:
Internet Scale Availability with MAA
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/availability/paypal-2030126.pdf
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Largest OLTP database
• Fast paced VLDB OLTP environment on Oracle
• Continuously growing
• Stringent uptime requirements
• We rely on MAA for our high availability architecture
PayPal's Critical Application Architecture
GoldenGate Real-time Data Integration *
Mission-critical
Databases
Primary Data Center
DR Data Center
Data Guard ASYNC Redo Transport
ETL
Targets Production Databases • 2 X Exadata X2-8
• 2 X Full Storage Expansion
Active Data Guard Standby • Offload queries and reads
• Corruption Protection
• Symmetric System
WAN, 650+ miles (30ms)
Test/Dev
Production and Standby Clusters = 8 Exadata Racks
3 identical Architectures = 24 Exadata Racks + Test/Dev Resources supporting our Critical Applications.
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Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA)
• Oracle-optimized
• Continuous service
• Never lose data
Summary
www.oracle.com/goto/maa
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Additional Resources
https://blogs.oracle.com/MAA/
www.oracle.com/goto/maa
www.oracle.com/goto/ha
Customer References & Case Studies
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Q&A
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Okcan Yasin Saygılı Oracle ISV Migration Center Consultant [email protected] ISV Migration Center blog: http://blogs.oracle.com/imc ISV Migration Center email: [email protected]
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feeds.feedburner.com/oracleIMC
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