particle size analysis of two adjacent watersheds by jessica kashian mentor: tobias finke
TRANSCRIPT
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Particle Size Analysis of Two Adjacent Watersheds
By Jessica Kashian
Mentor: Tobias Finke
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Background Information
Increase in Urbanization in the Southwest
Stress on Watersheds by decrease infiltration rates causing increased surface runoff which can lead to flooding and costly water infrastructure for prevention
Studying this phenomenon allows us to quantify effects of urbanization on infiltration rates
This would enable city planners to make more informed decisions on flood prevention strategies in new housing developments
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Study Area: Ft Huachuca and Sierra Vista, AZ
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Objectives
• Analyze Soil Samples for Particle Size Distribution • Statistical Analysis to determine whether there are
differences between two watersheds• Investigate the relation between Particle Size Distribution
and Infiltration
Research Questions: Are the particle size distributions different between the
watersheds? Can differences in infiltration capacities be explained by
particle size distribution of the soil?
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Methods
20 Soil Samples Collected from each Watershed
Eliminate Carbonates by pretreatment of the Soil Samples
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Methods
•50 grams of each treated Sample is used in Hydrometer Readings •Hydrometer: measures density of soil solution
•Measurements were converted to sand, silt and clay fractions
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Results and Discussion Are the particle size distributions different between watersheds?
Sand Silt Clay
Statistical Comparison of Particle Fractions for Both Watersheds
t-Test DF Prob > (t)
4.546 38 <.0001
t-Test DF Prob > (t)-1.86939 0.0692
t-Test DF Prob > (t)-7.72839 <.0001
FH
FHFH
LT
LT
LT
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Results and Discussion Can differences in infiltration capacities be explained by
particle size distribution of the soil?
Infiltration vs. Modeled Infiltration
y = x + 2E-13
R2 = 0.34690
5
10
15
0 5 10 15
Ksat in mm/hr
Ks
at m
od
ele
d in
mm
/hr
Ksat / Modeled Ksat
Linear (Ksat /Modeled Ksat)
MAD = 2.01Y= 0 +1X
R2= 0.35
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Conclusions
Higher percentages of clay in developed area
Lower percentages of sand in the developed area
35% of the Infiltration values could be explained by particle sizes
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Acknowledgements and Special Thanks
Susan Moran Rae-Landa Gomez-Pond Chandra Holifield Collins Jeff Kennedy Kevin Loeffelmann William Emmerich