participle practice כֹּתְבִים qal masculine plural absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”

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PARTICIPLE PRACTICE י י י י י י י יQal Masculine Plural Absolute י י י י י“he wrote”

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Page 1: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”

PARTICIPLE PRACTICE

י ב� םכ�ת�Qal

Masculine

Plural

Absolute

ב ת� כ�

“he wrote”

Page 2: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”

PARTICIPLE PRACTICE

ש� ארותנ�Nifal

Feminine

Plural

Absolute or Construct

אר ש�

“he was left”

Page 3: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”

PARTICIPLE PRACTICE

י ל� ש� מ� םמ�Piel

Masculine

Plural

Absolute

ל ש� מ�

“he ruled”

Page 4: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”

PARTICIPLE PRACTICE

י מ� ש� המ� ע�Hifil

Feminine

Singular

Absolute

ע מ� ש�

“he heard”

Page 5: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”

PARTICIPLE PRACTICE

יתו ר� י ב� ר4 ש�מ� ל�”preposition: “to ל�

Qal

Participle

Masculine

Plural

Construct

ר מ� ש�

“he kept”

“to the ones keeping his covenant”

Page 6: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”

PARTICIPLE PRACTICE

ל־ה� ים כ� ש� נ� � יםא� ש� ק� ב� מ� יךה� ש= פ� ת־נ� א=Article: “the”

Piel

Masculine

Plural

Absolute

[בקש]

“he sought”

“All of the men who were seeking your life”

Attributive Adjective

Page 7: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”

PARTICIPLE PRACTICE

רה� ש= � ה א� ל= א4 ים ה� ש� נ� � יםא� ש� ק� ב� יך� מ� ש= פ� ת־נ� א=Piel

Masculine

Plural

Absolute

[בקש]

“he sought”

“These men who are seeking your life”

Predicative Adjective

Page 8: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”

PARTICIPLE PRACTICE

שא ק4 ב� י מ� כ� י אנ� =ת־אח�Piel

Participle

Masculine

Singular

Absolute

[בקש]

“he sought”

“I am seeking my brothers”

Page 9: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”

REVIEW OF THE STRONG VERB

Page 10: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”

VERBS WITH PREFORMATIVES

•Imperfect•Jussive•Cohortative

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Page 13: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”
Page 14: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”

VERBS WITHOUT PREFORMATIVES

•Perfect•Imperative•Infinitives•Participles

Page 15: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”
Page 16: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”
Page 17: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”
Page 18: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”
Page 19: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”
Page 20: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”
Page 21: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”

PREFORMATIVE י

•Always Imperfect or Jussive•Always 3rd person•Always masculine•Both singular and plurals

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Page 23: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”
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PREFORMATIVE ת

•Always Imperfect or Jussive•Always 2rd person•All third feminine forms•Both singular and plurals

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PREFORMATIVE א

•Always 1CS•No sufformative = Imperfect• �Iה sufformative (suffix)= Cohortative

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PREFORMATIVE נ

•Always 1CP•No sufformative = Imperfect• �Iה sufformative (suffix)= Cohortative

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SUFFORMATIVES/SUBJECT SUFFIXES

ה�

•Usually feminine

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Page 35: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”
Page 36: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”
Page 37: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”
Page 38: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”
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DON’T FORGET THAT ה� IS THE FEMININE ENDING ON NON-VERBAL FORMS

ה• כ� ל� מ� queenה• דול� ג� great, largeה• א�ת� her

Page 41: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”

�Iה MAY ALSO BE MASCULINE

• הא �ת� 2MS Independent personal pronoun

ה• ת� ל� ט� Certain 2MS perfects ק�

ה• ל� ט� ק� 2 MS alternative (emphatic) Imperatives

Page 42: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”

�Iה MAY ALSO BE COMMON

•Cohortatives• ה א ל� ט� =ק� 1CSה• ל� ט� ק� נ� 1CP

Page 43: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”

�Iה AS A ה- DIRECTIVE WILL NEVER APPEAR ON A VERB

הא צ� �ר� to(ward) the ground

ה נ� פ� צ� toward the north, northward

ה מ� י� מ� ש� to the heavens, heavenward

Page 44: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”

SUFFORMATIVE ו

•Always Plural•Usually masculine•May be common •Never feminine

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NOTE THE 3MS PRONOMINAL OBJECT ON THE VERB

ת� ל� ט� הוק�Qal Perfect 3MS ל ט� ”he killed“ ק�

3MS Suffix “he killed him”

•Masculine but not plural

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F

F

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NOTE THE PRONOMINAL FORMS

נוא ח� ��נ� 1CP Independent Personal

Pronoun “we”

נו ל4 ט� ל Qal Imperfect 3MS יק� ט� he“ ק�

killed” 1 CP Pronominal Object “he killed us”

Page 50: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”

�Iי SUFFORMATIVE

•Always singular•Usually first person•May be second person

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F

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NOTE THE PRONOMINAL FORMS

יא ��נ�1 CS Independent Personal Pronoun “I”

י נ� ל4 ט� יק�Qal Imperfect 3MS ל ט� ק�

“he killed” 1CS Pronominal Object

“he killed me”

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IN THE SUFFORMATIVE ת

•Perfect•All second person forms•First common singular

•Participle•Only feminine forms• Active and Passive• Absolute and Construct• Singular and Plural

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IN THE SUFFORMATIVE נ

• Always plural• Usually first person

• Perfect• Note the pronominal forms

• 1CP independent personal pronoun• 1CP pronominal object

• May be second person• Always feminine

• Perfect• Imperfect• Imperative• Note the pronominal forms

• 2FP independent personal pronoun• 2FP pronominal object

• May be third person• Always feminine

• Imperfect• Note the pronominal forms

• 3FP independent personal pronoun• 3FP pronominal object

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NOTE THE PRONOMINAL FORMS

נוא ח� ��נ�1CP Independent Personal Pronoun “we”

נו ל4 ט� יק�Qal Imperfect 3MS ל ט� ”he killed“ ק�

1CP pronominal object “he killed us”

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NOTE THE PRONOMINAL FORMS

הא נ� ת4 ן א� �ת=2FP Independent Personal Pronouns “you”

ן לוכ= ט� יק�Qal Imperfect 3MP ל ט� ”he killed“ ק�2FP pronominal object “they killed

you”

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NOTE THE PRONOMINAL FORMS

הה4 נ� ן ה43FP Independent Personal Pronouns “them”

לון ט� יק�Qal Imperfect 3MP ל ט� he killed” 3FP“ ק�

pronominal object “they killed them”

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IN THE SUFFORMATIVE מ

•Always masculine•Always plural•Perfect•Participle

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DISTINCTIVE FEATURES OF THE HEBREW BINYANIM

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THE NIFAL

•Prefixed נ•Dagesh forte in first root consonant

•Prefixed ה•Qames under R1

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PREFIXED נ

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CERTAIN INFINITIVE ABSOLUTES

ט�ל ק� נ� Infinitive Absolute

Page 81: PARTICIPLE PRACTICE כֹּתְבִים Qal Masculine Plural Absolute כָּתַב “he wrote”

DAGESH FORTE IN FIRST ROOT CONSONANT

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ALL JUSSIVES AND COHORTATIVES

ל ט4 יק� Jussive

ה ל� ט� ק� א� Cohorative

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PREFIXED ה

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QAMES UNDER R1

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ALL JUSSIVES AND COHORTATIVES

ל ט4 יק� Jussive

ה ל� ט� ק� א� Cohorative

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THE PIEL

•Dagesh in all R2s•Vocal sheva under all pronominal and mode preformatives• Patah under R1• In all forms except the perfect• Short i-class vowel (hireq) under R1 in the

perfect

preformative on the participle מ•

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DAGESH IN ALL R2S

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VOCAL SHEVA UNDER ALL PRONOMINAL AND MODE PREFORMATIVES

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PATAH UNDER R1NOT THE PERFECT

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PREFORMATIVE ON THE PARTICIPLE מ

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THE PUAL

• Dagesh forte in all R2s• Vocal sheva under all pronominal and mode

preformatives• Qibbus under all R1s• Patah under most R2s• Patah reduces to a sheva in forms with a vocalic subject

suffix• Patah does not appear in• the participle• the infinitive absolute

• preformative on the participle מ

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DAGESH FORTE IN R2

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VOCAL SHEVA UNDER ALL PRONOMINAL AND MODE PREFORMATIVES

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QIBBUS UNDER R1

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PATAH UNDER MOST R2SPATA H R E D U C E S T O S H E VA I N F O R M S W I T H V O C A L I C S U F F I X E S

PATA H D O E S N O T A P P E A R I N T H E PA RT I C I P L E O R I N F I N I T I V E A B S O LU T E

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PREFORMATIVE ON THE PARTICIPLE מ

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THE HIFIL

• binyan prefix ה• Perfect, Imperative, Infinitive Aboslute, Infinitive Construct• Note: the distinctiveness of these ה prefixed Hifil forms

when compared to the prefixed forms of the Niphal binyan• Imperative, Infinitive Absolute, Infinitive Construct

• Silent Sheva under all R1s• Patah under all binyan, mode and pronominal

preformatives except for the Perfect• Short i-class vowel (hireq) under the binyan preformative ה

in the Perfect

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THE HIFIL

•Long i-class theme vowel (י�or 4) in all but six perfect forms• Perfect forms without a long i-class theme

vowel:• All 2nd person forms of the perfect• Both first person forms of the perfect

• The theme vowel in these six perfect forms is a-class (patah)

preformative on the Participle מ•

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BINYAN PREFIX ה

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SILENT SHEVA UNDER R1

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PATAH UNDER ALL BINYAN, MODE AND PRONOMINAL PREFORMATIVES EXCEPT

FOR THE PERFECT

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LONG I-CLASS THEME VOWEL IN ALL BUT 6 PERFECT FORMS

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PREFORMATIVE ON THE PARTICIPLE מ

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THE HOPHAL

binyan prefix ה•• Perfect, Infinitive Absolute, Infinitive Construct• Note: the distinctiveness of these ה prefixed Hophal

forms when compared to the ה prefixed forms of other binyanim• Cf. ה prefixed Niphal forms• Imperative, Infinitive Absolute, Infinitive Construct

• Cf. ה prefixed Hifil forms• Perfect, Imperative, Infinitive Absolute, Infinitive Construct

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THE HOPHAL

•Qames hatuph under all binyan, mode, and pronominal preformatives•Silent sheva under all R1s•Patah under most R2s• Patah reduces to a sheva in forms with a vocalic

subject sufformative• Patah does not appear in the participle or infinitive

absolute

preformative on the Participle מ•

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BINYAN PREFIX ה

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QAMES HATUPH UNDER ALL BINYAN, MODE, AND PRONOMINAL

PREFORMATIVES

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SILENT SHEVA UNDER R1

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PATAH UNDER MOST R2SPatah reduces to a sheva in forms with a vocalic subject sufformative

Patah does not appear in the participle or infinitive absolute

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PREFORMATIVE ON THE מPARTICIPLE

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THE HITPAEL

binyan prefix ה•• Perfect, Imperative, Infinitive Absolute, Infinitive

Construct• Note: the distinctiveness of these ה prefixed Hitpael

forms when compared to the ה prefixed forms of the other binyanim• prefixed Nifal forms ה

• Imperative, Infinitive Construct, Infinitive Absolute

• prefixed Hifil forms ה• Perfect, Imperative, Infinitive Construct, Infinitive Absolute

• prefixed Hophal forms ה• Perfect, Infinitive Construct, Infinitive Absolute

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THE HITPAEL

binyan infix on all forms ת•• Short i-class vowel (hireq) under all binyan,

state, and pronominal preformatives• Silent sheva under binyan infix ת• Patah under R1•Dagesh forte in R2• preformative on the participle מ• Metathesis

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BINYAN PREFIX ה+

BINYAN INFIX ON ALL FORMS ת

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SHORT I-CLASS VOWEL (HIREQ) UNDER ALL BINYAN, STATE, AND PRONOMINAL

PREFORMATIVES

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SILENT SHEVA UNDER BINYAN INFIX ת

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PATAH UNDER R1

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DAGESH FORTE IN R2

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PREFORMATIVE ON THE מPARTICIPLE

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METATHESIS

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