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(Participatory Land Use Mapping and Participatory Land Use Planning- PLUM & PLUP)

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(ALARM)

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(၁) PLUM-PLUP ................................................................................. ၁

PLUM-PLUP ................................................................................................... ၂

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(၂) PLUM-PLUP ...................................................... ၃

PLUM-PLUP .................................................................................................. ၃

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(၅) ........................................................................................................... ၄၂

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(၆ .......................................................................................................... ၆၅

(၁) .............................................. ၆၅

(၂) (Training Schedule) .............................................................. ၆၆

(၃) (PAR tools) ....................... ၆၇

(၄) ........................................................................... ၉၉

(၅) ......................................... ၁ ၈

(၆ ................................................................................... ၁ ၉

(၇ ...................................... ၁၂၇

(၈) ............................................................. ၁၂၉

(၉) ........................................................... ၁၃၅

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TROCAIRE (

)

"Participatory Land Use Mapping and

Participatory Land Use Planning (PLUM/PLUP)"

' ' ' '

၏

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၏

႑ ၂

Extractive Industaries and Transparency Initiative - EITI

( ) Forest Law Enforcement, Governance

and Trade - FLEGT action plan (

)

ALARM/EcoDev ( )

(

)

TROCAIRE ၏

”

(PLUM/PLUP) PLUM/PLUP

၂၀၁၆

၂၈ ၂ TROCAIRE PLUM/PLUP

၂၀၁၆ (၉)

TROCAIRE PLUM/PLUP

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(၁) PLUM-PLUP

PLUM-PLUP

Participatory Land Use Mapping and Participatory Land Use Planning (PLUM-PLUP)

၏

( ) ၏

PLUM-PLUP FLEGT

Land Core Group/

WildlifeConservation Society/ USAID 3D model mapping consultant

၏

၏

PLUM-PLUP Maruja Salas & Timmi Tillmann

FLEGT

၏

PLUM-PLUP

၏

( )

၏

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PLUM-PLUP ၏

(Participatory Action Research-PAR)

(၂)

၏ ၏

၏

(၂) PLUM-PLUP

PLUM-PLUP

(၁)

(Participant Observation)

(၂)

(Democratic Facilitation)

(၃ ၏

(Hermeneutic Interpretation)

(၄) (Intercultural Dialogue)

(၅) (Joint Visualization)

(၅)

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(၆)

(၁) (Agreement/F-P-I-C)

(၂) (Field Work Plan)

(၃) (Collaborative Research)

(၄) (Voice and Interpretation)

(၅ (Exhibition)

(၆

(Village Plan)

(၆)

၏

(1) Agreement

(2) Field work plan

(3) Collaborative

Research

(4) Voices &

Interpretation

(5) Exhibition

(6) Village Plan

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(Knowledge)

(Skill)

PLUM-PLUP

၏

၏

PAR tools

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၏

(၂)

၁ ၂ ၃ ၄ ၅

၉ -၉ ၁၅

( )

၁

၉ ၁၅- ၉ ၃

- -

Camera ၃

၉ ၃ - ၁ ၁၅

၄

၁ ၁၅- ၁ ၃

(၃)

၃

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- ၏

(၃)

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(

-

(၁

(၂) ၁၈ - ၄၅

(၃) ၁

(၄

(၅)

(၁)

A0 ၂ ၂ A0 ၂ ( - - )

၂ / / /

၂ ( - - )

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၁ / ၂ ၄

၁ ၂ ၁

၁ ၄ A4 ၁ A4 ၂

- ၄

၏

၂

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-

(၁) - Attendant list

(၂) - Travel form

(၃) - Acknowledgement Receipt

(၄ - Perdiem form

(၅ - Payment voucher

(၆)

o (၈)

-

( )

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(Stakeholder)

/

( )

( - Southern Youth, Green network, Motherland, DDA, DRA)

/

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/

)

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(၄)

၉ - ၉ ၁၅ ၉ ၁၅ - ၁ ၁၅

၁ ၁၅ - ၁ ၃ ၁ ၃ - ၁ ၄၅ ၁ ၄၅ - ၁၁ ၁၁ - ၁၁ ၁၅ ၁၁ ၁၅ - ၁၂ PLUM-PLUP ၁၂ - ၁ ၁ - ၁ ၃

၁ ၃ - ၁ ၅ ၏

၁ ၅ - ၂ ၁ ၂ ၁ - ၂ ၂၅ (Facilitation) ၂ ၂၅ - ၃ ၁၅ PAR tools ၃ ၁၅ - ၃ ၃ ၃ ၃ - ၄ ၃

၄ ၃ - ၅

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၏

( )

/

(

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- -

၁ PAR ၂ ၂ Time Tools ၂ ၃ Space Tools ၂ ၄ Wisdom Tools ၂ ၅ ၂ ၆ (၂) ၂ ၇ (၂) ၂ ၈ ၁ ၅ ၅ ၉ ၂

၁ Facilitation ၁၅ ၃ ၂ ၁ ၁

/

”

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(

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)

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A0

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(၁

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(၂

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( ) (၄)

(၁) -

(၂) -

(၃) -

(၄) -

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(၂)

Hardin Ostrom ၏

Tragedy of common Collective action

( )

(၂)

FPIC

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(၂)

- ၏

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- UNDP

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PAR ၏

PAR Participatory Action

PAR

၏ /

PAR

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(Facilitation)

PAR

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PAR

(၃) - (Gender) (Age) (Tools) (Social status) (Knowledge Level) (Process)

(၃) Time tools ( )

- ) Wisdom tools (

)

Time tools ( ) Space Tools ) Wisdom tools ( ) Histogram ( )

Village Map )

Venn Diagram ( - )

Historical Timeline ( )

Resource Map ( )

Mind Map ( )

Seasonal Calendar ( )

Transact walk Map ( )

Matrix )

Gender Clock ( - )

Problem Tree )

PAR (၃)

(၄)

(၁

(၂

(၃)

(၄)

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PLUM-PLUP

PAR PAR tools

- - ၏

-

၏

(၆)

?

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၉ - ၉ ၄၅

) ၉ ၄၅ - ၁ ၃ -

၁ ၃ - ၁ ၄၅ ၁ ၄၅ - ၁၂ ၁၂ - ၁ ၁ - ၁ ၃

၁ ၃ - ၂ ၃ ၂ ၃ - ၃ ၁၅ ၃ ၁၅ - ၃ ၃ ၃ ၃ - ၄ ၃ ၄ ၃ - ၅

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( )

(၄)

(၁)

(၂) -

(၃

(၄

(၄)

(၁)

(၂ ၏

(၃)

(၄

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( )

( )

?

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၉ - ၉ ၄၅

) ၉ ၄၅ - ၁ ၃ (၆) ၁ ၃ - ၁ ၄၅ ၁ ၄၅ - ၁၂ ၁၂ - ၁ ၁ - ၁ ၃ /

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( )

(၆)

(၆)

(၁) (Agreement/F-P-I-C)

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(၂) (Field Work Plan)

(၃) (Collaborative Research)

(၄) (Voice and Interpretation)

(Budget Plan)

(Google Map, )

( …

(Schedule)

/

PLUM/PLUP

/ PAR Tools

)

( CSO

/ )

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(၅ (Exhibition)

၉ ၃ / ၁၁ ၁၁ ၁ (၃ ) ၁၁ ၃ ၏ PAR ၁၂ ၏ PAR ၁၂ ၃ ၏ PAR ၁ ၁ ၄၅ ၃ ၁၅ ၃ ၄၅ (၆ (Village Plan)

( )

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(

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Tools

( -၃ )

(

.. …

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၉ - ၁၂ ၁၂ - ၁ ၁ - ၂ ၃ ၂ ၃ - ၃ ၃ ၃ ၃ - ၃ ၄၅ ၃ ၄၅ - ၅

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/ ( )

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(၃)

(၃)

)

၏

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၉ - ၁ ၃ ၁ ၃ - ၁၁ ၁၁ - ၁၂ ၁၂ - ၁ ၁ - ၁ ၃ ၁ ၃ - ၃ ၃ ၃ ၃ - ၃ ၄၅ ၃ ၃ - ၅

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၏

PAR tool

A0

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Tools

(၁ ၏

(၂

(၃ ၏

(၄)

(၅ ၏

(၆) -

(၇

(၈

(၉

၏

/

၏

(၆)

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(၃)

ALARM ၏

- (၃)

(၁)(၂)(၃)

%

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-

(

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၄ ၄ ၀ ` ၏ (tragedy of the commons)´

(collective action) (common property) ၀ Robert Smith ၏ ` ´

၏ ( ၀ ) ၏ (Collective action)

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၀ ( ) ( ) ( - ) ( - )

၀ ` (common pool) ´ Common Pool (public goods) ၏ (public goods) A / ( - ၀ ) common pool A / common pool ( ) (Blomquist and Ostrom, 1985; Randall, 1983)

common pool A ၏ B ၏ common pool ၀ ၄ ၀

common pool ၀ ၄

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၏ ၀ ၏ (Ostrom, 1985B)

Common Pool (Orstrom, 1985A; Runge, 1986) ၀ (Demsetz, 1967; North and Thomas, 1977; Johnson 1972; Picardi and Siefert, 1976) ( ) ၀ (Ophuls, 1973; Ehrenfeld, 1972; Carruthers and Stoner, 1981; Hardin, 1968) ၀ ၀ ၏

(collective action)

Common Pool ၀ ၏ (Public Goods) ၏ (Collective Action) ၏ ( ) (Collective Action) `Common Pool (Public Good)

Common Pool ၏ ၏ ` ၏ i n ’ Di mm Garrett Hardin ၏` ၏ (Tragedy of The C mm n Mancur Olson ၏ ` ၏ (Logic of Collective A i n Common Pool ( )

၏ i n ’ Di mm

၏ ၄ ၀ ၄ ၄ ၀

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၀ ၀ ၀ ၀ ၀ ၀ ၄ ၏ ၀ ၄ ၀ ( ) ၀ ( ` ´ ) ၀ ၀ ၀ (Game) ၏ ၀ ` ´

Common Pool -

(၁) (free rides ၀ )

(၂) ၀ ( )

(၃)

(၄) ( )

` ` ´ ၏ ( ) ( )

( )

` ၏ i n ’ Di mm

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` ၏ i n ’ Di mm ၀ ၀ ၏ ၀ ၏ (Wagner, 1983) ၀ m ၀

၏ ၀ ( ) ( ) ၀ ၄

` ၏ i n ’ Di mm ၀ (Axelrod, 1981) ၀ ၀

၀ ၄ ၏ ` ´ ` ´

၀ ၄ ၏

၏ ၀ ၄ ၏ ၀ (Kimber, 1981) ၄ ၏ ၀ ၀ ၀

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၀ ` ´ ၀ ၏ ၀ ၏ ၀ ၀ ` ´ ၄ ( - Rawls (1971) ၏

၀ (free riding) ` ၏ i n ’ Dilemma)´ (Runge, 1984; Kimber, 1981; Sugden, 1984; Snidal, 1985) ) )

၏ common pool ` ၏ i n ’ Di mm common pool ၀ ၄ ၏ ( )

၄ ၄ ( ) common

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pool ၀ ၏ ၏ 1 ´ ၀ ၏ ၀ ၀ ၏ i n ’ Di mm

Hardin ၏ ` ၏ (Tragedy of The Commons)´

Hardin ၏ i n ’ Di mm (Dawes, 1975) Hardin ` ´ ၀ ၀ ၏ ၏ ` ၏ ´ Hardin ` ၏ Hardin

၏ i n ’ Di mm ၀ ၏ Hardin ၏ ၏ ၄ ၏ ( ) ၀ ၀ ၄ (Kimber, 1983) 1

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Hardin ၏ ၀ ၀ ၏

၏ i n ’ Di mm Hardin ၏ ၏ / Hardin ၏ (Kimber, 1983)

Hardin (no property) (Common property) ၏ ` ´ ၀ Hardin ၄ ၏ common pool ၀

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Olson ၏ ` ၏ (Logic of Collective Action)´

Mancur Olson ၏ ` ၏ (Logic of Collective Action)´ ၏ Olson ၏ ` ၄ ၏ ၄ ၏ ၀ ´ ၀ ၀ ၏ ၀ ၄ ၏ ၀ ၀ ၀

(၁) (public goods) (၂ ( Olson ၏ ၏ ၏ ´ ` ´ ` ´ ` ´ ´ ၏ ၀ ၀ ` ´ ` ´ ၀ ` ´ ၀ ၏ ၀ ၏ Olson ၏ ၀ ၀ / ၀ ၀ ၏ ` (noticeablity)´

Olson ၏ Olson Olson ၀ ၀ ၀

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Olson ၏ ၏ (Ostrom, 1985A)

(၂) Olson ၏ ၏ (၃၁) ၀ Common Pool ၀ ၀ / ၏ ၀ Oslon ၏ ၏ i n ’ Di mm Hardin ၏ (Tragedy of The Commons) ၏ Oslon ၏ ၀ ၀ ၀ ( ) / ၄ Olson ၏

/ Olson 2 ၀ ၏ Oslon ၀ ၀ ၀

Olson / ၏

2 ၏ Olson ` ၀ ၀ ၏ ၀ ´

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Olson Olson (Tragedy of The Commons) ၏ i n ’ Dilemma) ၄

၏ 3 (McKean 1984; Ostrom 1986) `

Oslon ၀ ၏ ( ၀ ၏ ) ( ၏ ၀ ၄ ၏ ၄ ) ၀ ၄ Common Pool ၏ Ostrom (1986) ၏ McKean ၏ ၄ (McKean, 1984) ( )

3 - McKean (1984) on Japan; Gilles and Jamtgaard (1981) on Peru; Campbell and Gody (1985)on the Andes; Hitchcock (1981), Peters (1983) , and Thomsen (1980) on Africa; Netting (1978)on Switzerland; Runge (1986); Ostrom (1985B)

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၀ (၂) ၏ ၀ ၏ 4

(၃) ၀ Common Pool Common Pool ၏ ၀

5-

၁

( ) Common Pool

၂ ( ) ( - )

၃ ( ) - common pool ( ) ၏ - ( )

4 (Public choice theory) Buchanan and Tullock (1962) Ostrom (1968) ၀ ၀ 5 ၏ Ostrom (1985B)

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( ) ၏ - ၄ ၏

၄

( ) - ( ၏ ၀ )

( ) - ၏

( ) ၏ -

(ဃ) -

( ) ၀ -

( ) - Common Pool

၅

( ) - ၁ ၃( ) ၄( ) ၏

၆

( ) -

Common Pool ၏ (၁ / i n ’ Di mm (၂) ` ́ ( )

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၏ (Runge, 1986) ၀ ၀

၀ ၄ ၏ ၏

Source: Robert Wade, 1987. The management of common property resources: collective action as an alternative to privatization or state regulation, Cambridge Journal of Economics 1987, 11, 95-106.

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- Dr. Maria Angelica Salas D m nn i m nn

-၃၅-၃၆-၃၇-၃၈-၃၉-၄ ALARM ၏

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(၂)

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- Dr. Maria Angelica Salas D m nn i m nn

-၂၃-၂၄-၂၅ ALARM ၏

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(၃)

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- Dr. Maria Angelica Salas D m nn i m nn

-၂၉-၃ -၃၁-၃၂-၃၃ ALARM ၏

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(၆)

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(၂) (Training Schedule)

၁၅-၁၂-၂ ၁၆

) ( ) )

၁၆-၁၂-၂ ၁၆ ( - ) )

( )

၁၇-၁၂-၂ ၁၆ ၁၈-၁၂-၂ ၁၆ ၁၉-၁၂-၂ ၁၆

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(၃) (PAR tools)

(၁ (Resource Map)

A0 - ( - - )- - - -

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A0

- ( - )

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( - - / - -

)

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၁၁ ( )

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(

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( )

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(၆

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- - ( )

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(၂ (Histogram)

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A0 - ( - - )- - - -

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( - - / - )

( - / - / - / )

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(၃) (Venn Diagram)

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(၁)

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(၄) (Mind Map)

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(၅) (Seasonal Calendar)

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A0 - ( - - -

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(၁၂)

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May-June-July-August May

August (

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(၆) - (Gender Clock)

၏ ၏

A0 - ( - - -

၏ -၁ -၁ -

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A0

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Dr.Maruja Salas & Dr. Timmi Tillmann Visualization In Participatory

Program -၂ ၁၃ ) -HEINRICH BOLL STIFTUNG

Dr.Maruja Salas & Dr. Timmi Tillmann

(၂ ၁၄ ) -HEINRICH BOLL STIFTUNG

၏ Environmental Governance Training serial no (1)

(၂ ၁၄ )

Dr.Maruja Salas & Dr. Timmi Tillmann Participatory Mapping Cycle

Gudeline (၂ ၁၅ )

(၂ ၁၅ )

PLUM-PLUP (၂ ၁၆

၏ (Financial policy,2016)

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(UNDRIP)