ParticipatoryAquifer mappingCatalysing socialresponsestomanagegroundwater

UrbanGroundwaterWellsturnintoreal-estate

`

GroundwaterA“Blindspot”inUrbanplanning

An“XFactor”inUrbanwatersupplyAtleast assignificantifnotmore

inurbanwatersourcing

Increasing urbanisationGrowing townsandcities

Bengaluru – 2001wardwise populationTotalpopulation:5.1million

Bengaluru – 2011wardwise populationTotalpopulation:8.4million(65.2%growth)

Multi-sourcinginsidethecity(Borewells registeredwithBWSSB,usedwithinthecitytoo)

Subdivision C3

Groundwaterforthe“periphery”• The“periphery”nowmorepopulous• Groundwaterprimarysourcefortheperiphery• Nosinglesourceofdatafornumberofwellsorvolumeofwater

extracted• A2005ISECstudyestimates200,000to450,000borewells in

Bangalore.• Samestudyestimated~6500 • 3000waterTankersbelonging

to100-120watertankercompanies

• OfficialThyagaraja reportpegs500+MLD,400,000+borewells

Atomised disperseduniverseofactors

…andwedon’tevenunderstandourAquifers.

Cancitizensbecomeapartofunderstandingthis?

WillcitizensthenembraceAquifermanagementresponses?

ParticipatoryAquiferMapping:Theprocess

•“Goto”platform.•Createsenseofcitizen

ownership•Compatibilitywithvarious

froms ofdatagathering•Opensourcetoolsfordata

gathering

•Facilitationforimplementingresponses•Events,festivals,workshops•Peer-to-peerexchangesofbestpractices•EngagementwithGovernance

•Datacleaning&verification

•Hydrological&hydrogeologicalinterpretation

•Demystificationofscience•Developing

communication

• Stories&readydata• Observationsites• Investmentsininstruments(?)

• Readingandsharingdata

Citizens:sharethestoryoftheirwellsandtheirwater

withthecity

Knowledgepartners:Collation,

interpretation,scenariobuildingand

managementresponses

Virtualplatform:Visualisation &

communicationplatform

Conversation&dialoguespace

Citizens:ConversationsCommunicationEngagementwithGovernance&Advocacy

Implementresponses

ParticipatoryAquiferMapping:Theprocess

•“Goto”platform.•Createsenseofcitizen

ownership•Compatibilitywithvarious

froms ofdatagathering•Opensourcetoolsfordata

gathering

•Facilitationforimplementingresponses•Events,festivals,workshops•Peer-to-peerexchangesofbestpractices•EngagementwithGovernance

•Datacleaning&verification

•Hydrological&hydrogeologicalinterpretation

•Demystificationofscience•Developing

communication

• Stories&readydata• Observationsites• Investmentsininstruments(?)

• Readingandsharingdata

Citizens:sharethestoryoftheirwellsandtheirwater

withthecity

Knowledgepartners:Collation,

interpretation,scenariobuildingand

managementresponses

Virtualplatform:Visualisation &

communicationplatform

Conversation&dialoguespace

Citizens:ConversationsCommunicationEngagementwithGovernance&Advocacy

Implementresponses

OutputsOutcomes

Processisasimportantasoutputs.It’stheprocessthedrivestheoutcomes

8Micro-watershedsintheUpperPonnaiyar Watershed

• Southeastofthecity,8micro-watersheds

• Completelygroundwaterdriven.Nopipedsupplywhenstarted

• 33Sqkm,multiplewards+apanchayat (Halanayakanahallipanchayat)

• 15lakes(inandoutofBBMP)• Mixedlanduse– residential,

commercial,institutional&peri-urban

• Census2011:Residentialpopulation:117,844inBBMParea&9797inpanchayat areas

Kaikondrahallikere Rainbow drive

CitizenParticipationNatureofParticipation Result/outcomesofparticipationSharingofhistoricalNarratives ofopenwellsandborewells

Historicalperspectives onlocalgroundwater

DirectSharingofavailabledatameasuredandcollectedinthecontextofcommunities’ownwatermanagement

Comprehensive micro-leveldataandImplementationofsomemanagementresponses

Permission,cooperationandengagementtoinstallmeasuring devicesandconductVESstudieswithincommunitiesandtheirwatersources

Primaryhydrogeological data,validationofnarrativesandcitizen shareddataAndImplementationofsomemanagementresponses

Volunteerism andengagementofcitizensincollaborationwithotherresearchinstitutions(eg:ATREE)tocollectprimarydata

Dataandlearnings - especiallywithrespecttolakes

Engagementwithgovernanceinstitutionsonissuesofwater&wastewater

Innovative proposalsandnewsolutionstoinstitutionsofgovernance

Geology:TheallimportantWeatheredzone

Hydrogeology:SomeinsightsintoAquifers

Fig 9: Narrative data based hydrogeological section along NE-SW of the watershed

Hydrogeology:Combiningallformsofdata

Aquifer Layout in 3d

1) Shallow aquifer: 0-30m 2) Intermediate aquifer: 35-80m3) Deep aquifers: 100-152m, 180-205m, 210-250m, 290-335m& 366-396m

Clusterstudies:LearningataMicro-level

Data is valuable only when there is someone to act on it !

APRcluster

RBDcluster

KKhalli clusterMonsoon – Lake to Shallow Aquifer Dry Season – Shallow Aquifer to Lake

Lake recharging Shallow aquifer recharging

Managementresponses:Alreadydemonstratedbycitizens

Tools/investments Outcomes

DemandManagement Waterefficientdevices,Metering andTariffs

Reducedwaterconsumptionatcommunitylevels,reducedlifecycle costsforwater

Groundwater&stormwatermanagement

Communitising ofwells/borewells &Artificialrechargestructures

Increasedwatersupplytoaquifersandlocalfloodcontrol

EnhancingSupplySecurity

Rooftop rainwaterharvestingassupplementalorprimarysupply

Reduceddependenceongroundwaterandlocalfloodcontrol

Wastewatermanagement

Secondary andTertiarytreatmentinvestments,dual /tripleplumbing

Reducedfreshwaterdemand,reducedwaterpollution

Devarabeesanahalli:AMicro-watershedView

AreaoftheDevarabisanahallimicro-watershed

416.42ha

TotalPopulation(Residential+office)*

157490

Residentialpopulation 71827(46%)

Lakearea 24.25ha*(Arrived at based on a combination of primary data and land use analysis)

Atthecurrentwaterdemandofaverage200LPCDand50LPCDforOfficesTotalannualwaterdemand 7063 ML/Year (~ 19 MLD)AverageAnnualRainfall 970 mm Normal Rainfall

yearTotalrainfallendowmentforthemicrowatershed

4039 ML (~11.MLDEquivalent)

RainfallEndowmentisonly60% ofthewater-shed’scurrentestimated“steadystate”waterconsumption.

@135lpcd residentialconsumptionand40lpcd forworkingpopulation– i.e.ifeveryonedidDemandManagement

Totalannualwaterdemand 4745 ML/Year(13MLD)

AverageAnnualRainfall 970 Mm(Normalyear)

TotalAnnualRainfallendowment 4039 ML/Year(11MLD)

RainfallEndowment~85%ofyourtotalwaterdemandWastewatergeneratedannually(@80%offreshwaterused)

3796 ML/Year(10.4MLD)

SoDemandManagement+Utilisation ofRainfallEndowment+Reusewaste-water=SustainableatMicro-watershedlevel for“steadystate”estimateddemand

Devarabeesanahalli:AMicro-watershedView

Livinghistoryofouraquifers:Connectingcitizenstowaterheritage,Instillingasenseofprideandownership

CubbonParkWells

ClassicOrchards

OpenWellMapping

RechargeWells

Borewells

- Deeperthan600ft?- Costoftreatment?TDS- Doeshydrofracturinghelp?- DriedupborewellstakenupforRecharge- Dolakesrechargedeepaquifers?Ina3-5yeartimeframe?

WellDiggerCommunityMannuVaddar

- Collectingandsharinginformationallthetime

- OpenWellchampions

- Livelihoods

IntroduceUrbanwaters.in<Shubha>

MyWell,OurWater:LetstakecareofitThankyou!

www.bengaluru.urbanwaters.in