participants’ topic group presentation: poverty (japan)
DESCRIPTION
Powerpoint by participants in Japan about their research about the issues of Poverty.TRANSCRIPT
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Poverty in Japan
Yohei Ayaka
Kanako Rie
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purpose
Let to know about poverty in Japan
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flow
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A safety net of Japan
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A safety net of Japan
3 layer structure(3 層構造 )…
① a safety net of employment
② a safety net of social insurance
③ a safety net of public assistance
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a safety net of employment
• During 1990’s a long-term economic resession…
non-regular employees increase (part-time job, temporary employee, and contracted employee)
• Now…
1/3 workers is non-regular employees
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a safety net of employment
non-regular employees are…. • not in a stable position
• very cheap salary
• at high risk of unemployment
to WORK dose not necessarily play a role as a safety net to live.
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a safety net of social insurance
About health insurance…
• many people failed to pay insurance premium( 保険料 )
• 73% of homeless is uninsured
Many people are excluded from a safety net of social insurance.
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a safety net of public assistance
= Daily life protection ” 生活保護”• Only people who are in below average
level can receive
• only 15-20% of people in below average only 15-20% can receive it.
Public assistance is no longer unworkable.
B U TB U T
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conclusion
There are holes in the same position…
• Once a person who slips off from the net of employment, he will fall down to bottom.
“the slide society”
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The problems caused by poverty
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The problems caused by poverty
・ Some people commit a crime
・ Some people kill their parents
・ Poverty continues from generation to generation
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The first example:Some of the people commit a crime.
They want to be put in prison.
They can get enough food and place to sleep there.
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The second example :
some people kill their parents
A man lost his job and he became poor.
He had to take care of his mother by himself
He couldn’t receive welfare.
He decided dye with his mother.
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The last example: poverty continues from generation to generation
If we are not wealth we can’t have high-quality education.
If we don’t have much education we can’t get a good job.
Children who are born in poor family can easily fall down from the Safety Net.
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“ 溜め”
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capability
• Amartya Sen
Life that
is able to get enough nourishment( 栄養 )
has enough clothes and a place to live
→these are called “function”
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capability
• Assemble of functions
・ to accomplish a certain life
・ that one person can select
・ a possibility what can he/she do
・ influenced by the way of society,
not only a personal reason
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• As the capability gets bigger
→there would be more worth choices
→action would be wide, flexible
→capability is an idea tied up to the flexibility of action
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examples
• Mr.A: needs kindly dialysis (腎臓透析)
• Mr.B: doesn’t need medical treatments
Mr.A has more difficulty living
→“lack of capability”
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Sen’s poverty
• Lack of flexibility for living
• Have inconvenience that you can’t choose freely
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溜め
• Makoto Yuasa “ 溜め” = Sen “capability”
溜め( pond )Cushion that would absorb the shock from
the putside world
Source of power
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•Material things like money
•formless things like relationships, mentality
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Makoto’s poverty
• All kinds of “tame” are taken away and lost
Unemployed→NO monetary tame
→NO choice of job, conditions
Unemployed→monetary tame
→choice of job, conditions
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Self responsibility
Should had other choices before beeing poor
But…
Poverty:couldn’t select other choices equally
Because…
Capability and tame are poor
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What can we do?
• Tell the background and situation
→share the thought that poverty is not occurred by a personal reason
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What’s Moyai!?
・ Activity
・ Idea
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My experoence about Moyai
• First time, I went to this organization (Moyai party)
• What’s “Shinjyuku Renrakukai”
• I participated this activity
• What was feeling about it?
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In conclusion
・ How should we improve the poverty issue?
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Thank you!