NGO STICHTING BAKENS VERZET (“ANOTHER WAY”)NGO STICHTING BAKENS VERZET (“ANOTHER WAY”)NETHERLANDSNETHERLANDS

MODEL FOR SELF-FINANCING, ECOLOGICAL, MODEL FOR SELF-FINANCING, ECOLOGICAL, SUSTAINABLE, LOCAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABLE, LOCAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT

PROJECTSPROJECTS

Part TwoPart Two

Architecture of projects under Architecture of projects under the Model in fourteen slidesthe Model in fourteen slides

1.1. Anthropological Anthropological justificationjustification(Source : Diamnond J, (Source : Diamnond J, Guns, germs and steel,Guns, germs and steel, Vintage, Vintage, London, 1998)London, 1998)

• First levelFirst level : hunter-gatherers -family clans or tribes : : hunter-gatherers -family clans or tribes : A few hundred people- usually 150-250 Everybody knows everybody A few hundred people- usually 150-250 Everybody knows everybody Formed in Mesopotamia about 13.000 years ago.Formed in Mesopotamia about 13.000 years ago. First cultivation. First cultivation. For integrated development projects : tank commission levelFor integrated development projects : tank commission level

• Second levelSecond level : chiefdoms – groups of clans: chiefdoms – groups of clans A few thousand people – usually 1000-2500. Some strangers tolerated. Often formed by conglomerates of clans. A few thousand people – usually 1000-2500. Some strangers tolerated. Often formed by conglomerates of clans. Arose about 7.500 years ago.Arose about 7.500 years ago. More extended cultivation. More food, larger groups. Some specialisation of duties.More extended cultivation. More food, larger groups. Some specialisation of duties. For integrated development projects : well commission level.For integrated development projects : well commission level.

• Third levelThird level : states : states Tens of thousands of people – ideally (Aristotle) 50.000Tens of thousands of people – ideally (Aristotle) 50.000 Arose about 3.500 years ago. Arose about 3.500 years ago. Extended specialisation of activities. Extended specialisation of activities. For integrated development projects : project levelFor integrated development projects : project level

2. Schematic view of a project area2. Schematic view of a project area

Project level (50.000 people)

Well-commission level (1.500 people)

Tank-commission level (250 people)

One per project

About 35/project

About 200/project

Numbers are rarely critical

NGO StichtingBakens Verzet Netherlands

3. The project orchestra3. The project orchestra

The orchestra (50.000 people)

Instrument groups (1.500 people)

Individual players (250

people)

One per project

About 35/project

About 200/project

Conductor(Project coordinator)

Concert manager (main consultant)

Lighting specialist

(consultant 2)

Sound specialist (consultant 3)

ONGBakensVerzetNetherlands

3. The Chain of Responsibility3. The Chain of Responsibility

• Tank commissions Well commissions Project levelTank commissions Well commissions Project level

• Health clubs/hygiene education Management of well sites Supervision and statistics Health clubs/hygiene education Management of well sites Supervision and statistics • Drinking water Drinking water supply back-up Maintenance & statistics Drinking water Drinking water supply back-up Maintenance & statistics

• Family sanitation Washing places Training for housewivesFamily sanitation Washing places Training for housewives• Rainwater harvesting Water sampling Water testing Rainwater harvesting Water sampling Water testing • Local money assistants Registration local money Local money statisticsLocal money assistants Registration local money Local money statistics• transactions Inter-project relationstransactions Inter-project relations• Collection of contributions  Conflict resolutionCollection of contributions  Conflict resolution• Collection of loan repayments  Conflict resolutionCollection of loan repayments  Conflict resolution• About 60% of micro-credit grants About 25% micro-credits About 15% of grants About 60% of micro-credit grants About 25% micro-credits About 15% of grants • First-level social safety net Second level social safety net Project-level safety netFirst-level social safety net Second level social safety net Project-level safety net• Production bio-mass for local use Production of mini-briquettes StatisticsProduction bio-mass for local use Production of mini-briquettes Statistics• Nurse Doctor Local hsopitalNurse Doctor Local hsopital• Primary school Secondary school Trade schools, Primary school Secondary school Trade schools, • propadeuse for Universitypropadeuse for University• Lighting for study purposes   Radio-telephone links Local radio station Lighting for study purposes   Radio-telephone links Local radio station • Sports clubs Intermediate facilities Project level competitionSports clubs Intermediate facilities Project level competition• Theatres, cultural groups Physical Facilities Cultural circuitsTheatres, cultural groups Physical Facilities Cultural circuits• Personal food storage facility Cooperative food storage Export/import cooperativesPersonal food storage facility Cooperative food storage Export/import cooperatives   

4. Project structures at each level 4. Project structures at each level (A few typical examples)(A few typical examples)

6. The well commissions6. The well commissions

7 .Central Committee Level7 .Central Committee Level

Comprises one member chosen by each Comprises one member chosen by each of about 35 well commissions of about 35 well commissions

SOME TYPICAL TASKSSOME TYPICAL TASKS

• Ownership and management of the central project offices Ownership and management of the central project offices and depot.and depot.

• Coordination of ownership and management of Coordination of ownership and management of decentralised project structures.decentralised project structures.

• Coordination and management of all issues for which Coordination and management of all issues for which neither the tank commissions nor the well commissions are neither the tank commissions nor the well commissions are directly responsible. directly responsible.

• Liaison at project level with, and support for, the local Liaison at project level with, and support for, the local social, financial, service, and productive structures set up.social, financial, service, and productive structures set up.

• Settlement of project-related conflicts.Settlement of project-related conflicts.• The central project management is responsible by default The central project management is responsible by default

for any project-related service or obligation for which no for any project-related service or obligation for which no specific provision is available in the project organisation. specific provision is available in the project organisation.

8. Management lines8. Management lines

For various structures and services For various structures and services

THREE LEVELSTHREE LEVELS

Tank commission Tank commission Well commission Well commission

Project ManagementProject Management

STRUCTURES (EXAMPLES)STRUCTURES (EXAMPLES)

Social structuresSocial structuresSocial security structuresSocial security structuresLocal money structuresLocal money structures

Cooperative development fundCooperative development fundInterest-free micro-credit structuresInterest-free micro-credit structures

Health structuresHealth structuresEducation structuresEducation structures

Cooperative purchasing fundsCooperative purchasing fundsWaste recycling structuresWaste recycling structures

9 : Getting started9 : Getting started

10. Auditing structures10. Auditing structures

11. Bank structures11. Bank structures

12. Cash flow diagram12. Cash flow diagram

13. Diagram of project structures13. Diagram of project structures