part one: foods and nutritional value...Øprocessed meats such as hot dogs, sausage, and bacon are...

45
PART ONE: FOODS AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE SELF-PACED TRAINING MODULE for Infants and Young Children in Family Child Care Homes

Upload: others

Post on 06-Jul-2020

2 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

PARTONE:FOODSANDNUTRITIONALVALUESELF-PACEDTRAININGMODULE

forInfants andYoungChildreninFamilyChildCareHomes

WhataretheNutritionStandards?

Ø GuidelinesfornutritioninfamilychildcarehomesØ DevelopedbyapanelofchildcareandnutritionexpertsØ Twocategoriesofstandards

◦ Recommendedfoods◦ Recommendedpracticesforpreparingandservingfood

Ø Dividedinto2tiers◦ Tier1(requiredimplementation)◦ Tier2(optionalimplementaton) Tier 1 Tier 2

ContentOverview

PARTONE:SELF-PACED

◦Breastfeeding

◦MilkandOtherBeverages

◦GrainsandProteins

◦VegetablesandFruits

◦SugarandSodium

PARTTWO:LIVE

◦ReviewofPartOne

◦IntroductionofSolidFoods

◦HealthyFeedingPractices

Definitions

Thesetermswillbeusedtorefertodifferentagegroups:

Ø Infants arefrombirthto12monthsofage

Ø Youngchildrenareover12monthsofage

Breastfeeding

BreastmilkishealthiestsourceofnutritionforinfantsØ ContainsallnutrientsinfantsneedØ Protectsinfantsfromcommonillnesses,allergies,

andobesityØ Promotesgoodhealthformothers

SupportingBreastfeeding

Ø Provideinformationabouthowyousupportbreastfeedinginyourfamilychildcarehome

Ø Provideaquiet,comfortable,andprivateplaceformotherstobreastfeed

Ø Providecaregiversaplacetorefrigerate/storeexpressedbreastmilk

OtherBeveragesforInfants

Ø Iron-fortifiedformulaisonlysubstituteforbreastmilkØ Donotprovideothermilk,unlessinstructedbydoctor

Ø At6-9monthsofage,encourageinfantstodrinkwaterfromacupwithassistance

Ø Donotprovideanyjuiceorsweeteneddrinks

Ø Supportandencouragebreastfeeding

Ø Provideadequaterefrigerator/storagespaceforbreastmilk

Ø Offeronlybreastmilkand/oriron-fortifiedinfantformulaforinfants0-12months

Ø Noothermilkforinfants,unlessadoctor’snote

Ø Donotserve100%juice,juicedrinksorotherbeverages

BreastfeedingandOtherBeveragesforInfants

Tier 1

Ø Whilebreastmilkandformulaarethebestsourcesofwater,at6-9monthsbeginprovidingacupforadditionaldrinkingwater

BreastfeedingandOtherBeveragesforInfants

Tier 2

MilkandOtherBeverages

Ø Cow’smilkprovidesagoodsourceofcalcium,vitaminDandproteinforchildrenover12monthsØ Infantsunder12monthscannotdigestcow’smilkproperlyØ Childrenwhodonotdrinkcow’smilkcandrinka

nutritionallyequivalentmilk(suchassoymilk)ifrequestedbytheirparentormedicalprovider

Ø Flavoredmilkscontainaddedsugarsthatcanleadtocavitiesandoverweight

MilkandOtherBeverages

ØCow’smilknaturallycontainsfat

ØWholemilkcontainsfullfatandisappropriateforthenutritionalneedsofchildrenbetween12-24monthsold

ØChildrenolderthan24monthsdonotneedasmuchfatintheirdietandshouldswitchtolowfat orfat-freeoptions

MilkandOtherBeverages

Ø WaterservedinacupisthebestchoiceforyoungchildrenwhoarethirstyØ ImportantforhydrationØ Reducesacidinthemouththatcan

causecavitiesØ Containsnocalories

Ø Infantsunder6monthsgetenoughhydrationfrombreastmilkorformulaanddonotneedadditionalwater

MilkandOtherBeverages

Ø Wholefruitismorenutritiousthanfruitjuicebecauseitcontainsfewercaloriesandprovidesfiber

Ø Juicethatisnot100%fruitjuicehasaddedsugarthatcanleadtooralcavitiesandoverweight

Ø Youngchildrenwhodrink100%fruitjuiceshoulddrinklessthan4to6ouncesin24hoursØ Drinkinggreateramountsof100%fruitjuicehasbeen

associatedwithhealthproblems

MilkandOtherBeveragesØ Donotservesugarsweetened

beveragesØ Rarelyorneveroffer100%

fruitjuiceØ Ifoffered,givenomorethan4

to6ouncesof100%fruitjuiceper24hours

Tier 1

MilkandOtherBeveragesØ Ensurethatwateriseasily

availableforself-serve,indoorsandoutdoors,andactivelyofferedwithmealsandsnacksandatothertimesasappropriate

Tier 1

Ø Toddlers1to2yearsshoulddrinkoneservingofunflavoredwholemilkatleast2timesperday

Ø Childrenover2yearsshoulddrinkoneservingofunflavoredreducedfat(1%)orfat-freemilkatleast2timesperday

MilkandOtherBeverages

Tier 2

Ø Offeronlynon-dairymilksubstitutions(suchassoymilk)thatarenutritionallyequivalenttomilk

MilkandOtherBeverages

Tier 2

Grains

Ø Wholegrainsprovideimportantnutrients

Ø Eatingwholegrainshelpschildrengrowatahealthyweight,andreducesconstipation

GrainsforInfants6– 12Months

Grainsincludeiron-fortifiedinfantcereals*:Ø RicecerealØ Oat,barleyorwheatcerealØ Mixedgraincereal

*Thelivetrainingwillcontainin-depthinformationabouttheintroductionofsolidfoodsforinfants.

GrainsSERVE:WholeGrainFoods

• Brownbread,labeledwholegrainormulti-grain• Brownrice• Wholewheattortillas• Barleyorfarro• Quinoa• Wholewheatpasta• Oatmeal

AVOID:Non-WholeGrainFoods

• Whiteorenrichedbread• Whiterice• Flourtortillas• Pastaornoodlesmadefromwhiteflour• Dessertssuchascake,cookies,pie,pastriesordonuts

Ø Offeriron-fortifiedinfantcerealsforinfants6upto12monthsold

Ø Donotservewhite(non-whole)grainsorwhitegrain-baseddesserts

Grains

Tier 1 Tier 2

Proteins

Ø Proteinhelpsbuildbones,muscles,cartilage,skin,andblood,andmakehormonesandvitamins

Ø Protein-richfoodsinclude fish,leanmeats,poultry,eggs,beans,peas,soyproducts,cheeseandyogurt

Ø Productsmadefromsoyandothersourcesofvegetableproteinsaddvariety

Proteins

Ø Infantsover6monthsshouldeatproteinspreparedaccordingtotheirdevelopmentalabilitytoeatdifferenttexturesØ Pureed,mashedorground

Ø Youngchildrenshouldbeofferedleanproteinsatleast2timesperday

Proteins

Ø Naturalcheeseandyogurtareagoodsourceofcalcium,VitaminDandprotein

Ø Cheesespreadsorimitationcheesesarenotahealthysubstitutefornaturalcheese

Proteins

Ø CheeseandyogurtalsocontainfatØ Lowfat orreducedfathavefewercalories

Ø FlavoredyogurtsmaycontainaddedsugarØ Addfreshfruittoplainyogurtinsteadofserving

flavoredyogurt

Proteins

Ø Processedmeatssuchashotdogs,sausage,andbaconarehighinfat,salt,andchemicalscallednitrates

Ø Deepfriedorpre-friedfoodssuchasfishsticksandchickennuggetsarealsohighinfatandsalt

Proteins

ØOfferproteinssuchassoftcookedegg,beans,meat,poultry,andfishwithoutbonestoinfants6to12monthsoldØOfferyoungchildrenleanproteinatleast2timesaday,suchasseafood,fish, leanmeat,poultry,eggs,beans,peas,soyproducts,tofu,andunsaltednutsandseedsØDonotserveprocessedmeatsordeepfriedorpre-friedmeats,poultryorfish

Tier 1

Proteins

Ø ServeproteinwithnoaddedsaltØ Offernaturalcheesenomorethan1-2times

perdayØ Donotservecheesefood/spreadØ Chooselow-fatorreduced-fatcheeseØ Offeryogurtthatcontainslessthan23grams

ofsugarper6oz nomorethan1timeperday

Tier 2

Vegetables

Ø Vegetablesareahealthychoiceforinfantsolderthan6months andyoungchildren

Ø Vegetablesprovidevitaminsandmineralsthatsupportyoungchildren’srapidgrowthanddevelopment

Ø Dietsrichinvegetablesreducetheriskofhealthproblems

VegetablesØ Infantsover6monthsshouldeatcooked

vegetablespreparedaccordingtotheirdevelopmentalabilitytoeatdifferenttexturesØ Pureed,mashedorsoftwhole

Ø Differentvegetabletextureshelpdeveloptheinfant’ssensoryskills

Ø Includea“rainbow”ofvegetablesofdifferentcolorsforavarietyofnutrients

Vegetables

Ø Frozenorcannedvegetablesshouldhavenoaddedingredientssuchassalt,fat,orsugar

Ø Deepfriedandpre-friedbakedvegetablesarehighinfatandsalt

Vegetables

Ø Offerpureed,mashedorwholevegetablesforinfants6to12months

Ø Offeryoungchildrenvegetablesatleast2timesperday

Ø Vegetablescanbefresh,frozenorcanned(withnoaddedsalt, fat,orsugar)

Ø Donotservedeepfriedorpre-friedbakedvegetables

Tier 1

Vegetables

Ø Offerdarkgreen,orange,red,ordeepyellowvegetablesatleast1timeperday.Tier 2

Fruits

Ø Fruitsareahealthyfoodchoiceforinfantsolderthan6monthsandyoungchildren

Ø Fruitsprovidevitaminsandmineralsforgrowthanddevelopment

Ø Includefruitsfromavarietyofcolors

Fruits

Ø Infantsover6monthsshouldeatfruitspreparedaccordingtotheirdevelopmentalabilitytoeatdifferenttexturesØ Pureed,mashedorsoftwhole

Ø Youngchildrenshouldbeofferedfruitatleast2timesperday

Fruits

Ø Frozenorcannedfruitsshouldhavenoaddedingredientssuchsugarorsweeteners

Ø Fruitisnaturallysweet– donotaddsugar,honey,orothersweeteners

Ø Offerinfantsolderthan6monthsunsweetenedwhole,mashed,orpureedfruits

Ø Offeryoungchildrenfruitatleast2timesperday

Ø Fruitcanbefresh,frozen,orcanned(withnoaddedsugars)

Fruits

Tier 1

SugarandSodium

Ø Foodshighinaddedsugarsorsugarequivalentsshouldbeavoided

Ø Toomuchsugarcancontributetochildhoodhealthproblemssuchasoverweight,oralcavitiesanddiabetes

SugarandSodium

Ø HighfructosecornsyrupØ FructoseØ CornsyrupØ Honey

Ø CanesugarØ EvaporatedcanejuiceØ SucroseØ Sucralose

Checktheingredientsofcommercialfoodstoseeifsugarorthesesugarequivalentshavebeenadded:

SugarandSodium

Ø Theamountofsaltinfoodisusuallylistedona nutritionlabelas“sodium”

Ø Thebodyonlyneedsasmallamountofsodium

Ø Toomuchsodiumcanincreasebloodpressure

Ø Processedfoodsmayhavealotofsodium

SugarandSodiumØ Donotservefoodswithaddedsugarorsugar

equivalentslistedasthefirstorsecondingredients

Ø Donotofferfoodshavingacombinationof3ormorekindsofsugarorsugarequivalents

Tier 1

Ø Donotservelowcaloriesweetenersoritemscontaininglow-caloriesweetenerslikedietfoodsordietbeverages

Ø DonotservehighsaltfoodsØ morethan200mgsodiumpersnackitem

or480mgperentrée

Ø Donotaddsalttofood

SugarandSodium

Tier 2

Pleasenoteanyquestionsyouhaveandbringthemwithyoutothel ivetrainingfordiscussion.

…youhavecompletedthemodule!

Acknowledgements

NUTRITIONSTANDARDSPILOT TEAM

NutritionPolicyInstitute:

•GemmaDiMatteo•KlaraGurzo•KennethHecht•Lorrene Ritchie

CaliforniaFoodPolicyAdvocates:◦ MelissaCannon◦ ElyseHomel Vitale

UCSFCaliforniaChildcareHealthProgram:◦ AbbeyAlkon◦ VictoriaKeeton◦ BobbieRose

ASpecialThankYoutoourFundersAcrosscounties:◦ TheDavidandLucilePackardFoundation

SantaClaraCounty:◦ FIRST5SantaClaraCounty

SanDiegoCounty:◦MoxieFoundation,PricePhilanthropies,&TheCaliforniaEndowment

SanJoaquinCounty:◦ SunlightGivingFoundation