part i: multiple-choice questions - mcdougal · pdf filepart i: multiple-choice questions...

PART I: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS

Directions (1-20):Each question is followed by four choices. Read each question carefully. Decide which choice is the correct answer. Mark your answer on the separate answer sheet by filling in the circle that has the samenumber as the answer you have chosen. Use pencil to mark your answer sheet.

1 The president’s ability to veto acts of Congress illustrates our national government’s

1 system of checks and balances 2 distribution of power between state governments and the federal government3 plan of making the Constitution nearly identical to the Articles of Confederation4 judicial branch exercising its power

2 The agreement written by the Pilgrims that provided for self-government was called the

1 Mayflower Compact2 Fundamental Orders of Connecticut3 General Court4 Separatist Agreement

3 Conflicts arose between English settlers at Jamestown and the Powhatan people because thesettlers were taking over a great deal of land for

1 corn plantations2 sugar plantations3 tobacco plantations 4 vanilla plantations

4 The main obstacle for settlers in the first colony of Roanoke Island was

1 an inability to produce enough food 2 repeated military losses at the hands of American Indians3 arguments over who would lead the colony 4 high taxes charged by Queen Elizabeth I

5 Thomas Paine’s pamphlet Common Sense

1 urged England to change its ways, and begged colonists to remain loyal to England2 criticized the idea that kings ruled by the will of God 3 stated that political differences must never lead to any type of political separation4 called into question the idea that the colonies’ goods should be sold in Europe

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PREPARING FOR THE INTERMEDIATE EXAM UNIT 2: European Exploration and Colonization of the Americas 27

6 In 1776, each of the thirteen states was a republic, which meant that

1 the authority of the monarch was respected2 the national government enforced all national laws3 people chose representatives to govern them 4 women were allowed to vote and own property

7 In 1789, the national debt totaled more than $52 million. Why did Alexander Hamiltonbelieve it was important to pay the nation’s debts?

1 because nations that had made loans to the United States threatened war if the loans werenot repaid

2 because other nations would not do business with the United States unless it paid itsdebts

3 because paying the debts would make the nation stronger4 because paying the debts would allow the United States to be neutral in foreign affairs

8 Which of the following best illustrates manifest destiny?

1 the Foreign Miners Tax in the California gold fields2 wagon trains moving west into the Oregon Country3 the discovery of gold in California4 the establishment of the Lone Star Republic

9 The system of slavery was dramatically affected by the introduction of the cotton gin because

1 most enslaved Africans then took jobs in Southern factories2 farming had almost died out in the South by 18003 it led to a shorter work day for all laborers4 the increase in cotton production required a larger labor force

10 The participation of Frederick Douglass at the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 illustrated that

1 there were shared beliefs among abolitionists and women’s rights supporters 2 African-American intellectuals had gained the right to speak in public in the South3 most men of the day strongly favored women’s rights4 the convention would only affect those few people who were present at the time

11 In the late 1800s, many Americans moved from rural areas to big cities mainly because

1 land had become extremely scarce2 fresh produce was being replaced by canned goods, so farms were disappearing3 cities were considered safer due to the smaller number of conflicts with Native Americans4 the growth of industry provided many jobs in cities

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28 UNIT 2: European Exploration and Colonization of the Americas PREPARING FOR THE INTERMEDIATE EXAM

12 How did tenements contribute to urbanization?

1 They crowded large numbers of people into small areas.2 They allowed the growth of suburbs around a city.3 They replaced ugly and overcrowded slums.4 They slowed down the construction of streetcar lines.

13 The Spanish-American War was fueled by imperialism, which is the policy of

1 nations engaging in military battles2 colonial areas rising up to demand independence3 stronger nations exercising control over weaker territories 4 businesses, armies, and citizens rallying together to support U.S. economic interests

14 What was the main purpose of public works projects during the Great Depression?

1 to feed poor and hungry people2 to keep unemployed people busy and out of trouble3 to give people jobs4 to provide public parks and recreation areas

15 During the Great Depression, some people criticized President Franklin D. Roosevelt for hisuse of deficit spending, which is the practice of

1 raising tariffs to extremely high levels 2 allowing banks to make loans at low interest rates3 charging a state sales tax for certain consumer goods4 using borrowed money to pay for government programs

16 The most important factor contributing to the political instability in Europe during the 1930s was

1 global economic depression 2 a distrust of the United States3 new developments in technology4 dramatic increases in population

17 What event brought the United States into World War II?

1 Germany's massive air and ground attack on Poland.2 Germany's conquest of all of Western Europe except Britain3 Hitler's campaign to round up and murder Europe's Jews4 Japan's attack on the American naval base in HawaiiC

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18 What contribution did Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. make to American life in the 1960s?

1 developed a vaccine to protect children against polio2 found a way to use nuclear energy to make electrical power3 led a movement to gain civil rights for African Americans4 predicted that AIDS would become a serious health problem

19 During the Cold War, the goal of President Truman’s containment policy was to

1 repeatedly attack the Russian army on its own soil2 support leaders such as China’s Mao Zedong3 stop the spread of communism 4 use nuclear weapons whenever possible

20 The most important form of technology in the information revolution of the 1990s was the

1 computer2 cellular telephone3 television4 laser

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PART II: CONSTRUCTED-RESPONSE QUESTIONS

Directions (1–10):For each question, write your answer in the space provided in the test booklet. You may use either penor pencil to write your answers. If you want to change an answer, cross out or erase your original response.You may not know the answers to some of the questions, but do the best you can on each one.

I. Base your answers to questions 1 through 3 on the excerpt below and on yourknowledge of social studies.

. . . [I] before all others took possession (as in fact [I] did) of that island for theKing and Queen, making the requisite declarations, which are more set down herein writing. Numbers of the people of the island straightaway collected together . . .As I saw that they were very friendly to us, and perceived that they could be muchmore easily converted to our holy faith by gentle means than by force, I presentedthem with some red caps, and strings of beads to wear upon the neck, and manyother trifles of small value, wherewith they were much delighted, and becamewonderfully attached to us. . . . It appears to me that the people are ingenious,and would be good servants, and I am of the opinion that they would very readilybecome Christians, as they appear to have no religion.

— Christopher Columbus, 1492

1 For whom and for what nation has Columbus claimed the island?

2 What is Columbus’s opinion of the native people he meets?

3 Why does Columbus give the people red caps and other gifts?

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II. Base your answers to questions 4 through 6 on the map below and on yourknowledge of social studies.

4 What colonies are shown on the map?

5 Which oceans and seas are shown?

6 Who took possession of northern Virginia? In what year?

— John Farrer, 1651

Courtesy of The Granger Collection, NY

III. Base your answers to questions 7 through 10 on the graph below and on yourknowledge of social studies.

7 How did the population of slaves in the southern colonies compare to the population ofslaves in the northern colonies in 1650? In 1790?

8 Beginning in 1710, about how long did it take for the slave population of the South to double?

9 What was the slave population in the North in 1750? In 1790?

10 What would account for the rapid growth of slavery in the Southern colonies?

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17301750

17901710

16901670

1650

Nu

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Year

Slave Population of Colonies, 1920–1933

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

Northern ColoniesSouthern Colonies

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PART III: DOCUMENT-BASED QUESTION

This question is based on the accompanying documents (1–6). Some of the documents havebeen edited for the purpose of the question. The question is designed to test your ability towork with historical documents. As you analyze the documents, take into account both thecontext of each document and any point of view that may be presented in the document.

Directions: This document-based question consists of two parts. Be sure to put the booklet number atthe top of each page. Use black or dark ink to answer the question.

Historical Context: The lure of new lands attracted thousands of Europeans to North America inthe sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Many found the new lives they were seeking, but most hadto earn their new lives with sacrifice and hardships.

Task: Using information from the documents and your knowledge of social studies, answer the questions that follow each document in Part A. Your answers to the questions will help you write the Part B essay in which you will be asked to:

• Identify and discuss two reasons why Europeans came to North America.• Describe the economic development and living conditions of the colonies.

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Part A:Short Answer

Directions: Analyze the documents and answer the short-answer questions that follow each documentin the space provided.

Document 1

In the name of God, Amen. We, whose names are underwritten, the Loyal Subjectsof our dread Sovereign Lord, King James . . . Having undertaken for the Glory ofGod, and Advancement of the Christian Faith, and the Honour of our King andCountry, a voyage to plant the first colony in the northern parts of Virginia.

— Mayflower Compact, 1620

1a Identify two reasons why the colonists on the Mayflower came to America.

b What are two reasons not written in the Mayflower Compact that Pilgrims came to America?

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Document 2

2a What year was this advertisement created?

b According to the poster, what rewards were British citizens led to expect by joining thecolony?

Courtesy of the New York Public Library

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Document 3

We have found the Indians very faithful in their covenant of peace with us, veryloving . . . So that there is now great peace amongst the Indians themselves, whichwas not formerly, neither would have been but for us; . . . They are a people with-out any religion or knowledge of any God, yet very trusty [sic], quick of apprehension,ripe-witted, just. . . .

— Governor Edward Winslow, 1621

3a According to Governor Winslow, what sort of relationship do the Native Americans have withthe colonists?

b How do the Native Americans differ from the colonists, according to Governor Winslow?

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Document 4

4a What was the difference in population between 1670 and 1770?

b Identify two reasons the population grew between 1670 and 1770.

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

17701760

17501740

17301720

17101700

16901680

1670

Mill

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Year

Population Growth 1670–1770

Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census

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Document 5

5 As seen on this map, what physical features were important to colonists when choosing aplace for their colonies?

0

0

50 Miles

100 Kilometers

Hartford(1636)

Providence(1636)

Plymouth(1620)

Portsmouth(1623)

MASSACHUSETTS

CONNECTICUT

RHODEISLAND

NEWHAMPSHIRE

Hud

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Con

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MassachusettsBay

A T L A N T I CO C E A N

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Document 6

Thus we lived for the space of five months in this miserable distress . . . our mennight and day groaning in every corner of the fort, most pitiful to hear. If therewere any conscience in men, it would make their hearts to bleed to hear the pitifulmurmurings and outcries of our sick men for relief, every night and day for the spaceof six weeks: some departing out of the World, many times three or four in anight; in the morning their bodies trailed out of their cabins like dogs, to be buried.

— Jamestown colonist, 1607

6a Describe the living conditions in Jamestown in 1607.

b How does this account contrast with the expectations of the colonists?

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Part B:Essay

Directions: • Write a well-organized essay that includes an introduction, several paragraphs, and a conclusion.• Use evidence from the documents to support your response.• Include specific related outside information.• Use black or dark ink to write your essay.

Historical Context: The lure of new lands attracted thousands of Europeans to North America inthe sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Many found the new lives they were seeking, but most hadto earn their new freedom with sacrifice and hardships.

Task: Using information from the documents and your knowledge of social studies, write an essay inwhich you:

• Identify and discuss two reasons why Europeans came to North America.• Describe the economic development and living conditions of the colonies.

Be sure to include specific historical details. You must also include additional information fromyour knowledge of social studies.

part i: multiple-choice questions - mcdougal · pdf filepart i: multiple-choice questions...

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