part 5: recovery the five pillars of disaster resilience
DESCRIPTION
WHAT IS RECOVERY, THE FIFTH PILLAR? Recovery is A period of up to ten years marked by an all out effort to restore essential services to normal, to repair and reconstruct damaged buildings and infrastructure, and to revive the economy. IT IS AN INTENSE PERIOD: Up to 10 years are required to plan, fund, and implement the kinds of multi-faceted restoration, repair, and reconstruction activities that are needed to restore life in the community to normal again.TRANSCRIPT
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THE FIVE PILLARS OF DISASTER RESILIENCE
Part 5: Recovery
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YOUR
NATION
YOUR
NATIONDATA BASES AND INFORMATIONDATA BASES AND INFORMATION
HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS
• MONITORING• HAZARD MAPS• INVENTORY• VULNERABILITY• LOCATIONR
RISK
ACCEPTABLE RISK
UNACCEPTABLE RISK
BOOKS OF KNOWLEDGE
• PREPAREDNESS• PROTECTION• EARLY WARNING• EM RESPONSE• RECOVERY
5 PILLARS OF DISASTER RESILIENCE
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DISASTER RESILIENCE IS A FAILED POLICY WITHOUT THE ADOPTION AND
IMPLEMENTATION OF FIVE INTEGRATED POLICIES
(i.e., The Five Pillars of Disaster Resilience)
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WHAT IS PREPAREDNESS, THE FIRST PILLAR?
WHAT IS PREPAREDNESS, THE FIRST PILLAR?
(Preparedness is
a state of readiness on individual, urban, sub-regional, and national
scales that is sufficient to keep the disaster agents of a natural hazard
from causing a disaster
(Preparedness is
a state of readiness on individual, urban, sub-regional, and national
scales that is sufficient to keep the disaster agents of a natural hazard
from causing a disaster
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WHAT IS PROTECTION, THE SECOND PILLAR?
WHAT IS PROTECTION, THE SECOND PILLAR?
Protection is
a mandated state of robustness and strength for important buildings and essential - critical infrastructure to prevent loss of function when a
natural hazard ocurs
Protection is
a mandated state of robustness and strength for important buildings and essential - critical infrastructure to prevent loss of function when a
natural hazard ocurs
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WHAT IS EARLY WARNING, THE THIRD PILLAR?
WHAT IS EARLY WARNING, THE THIRD PILLAR?
Early Warning is
a state of monitoring and messaging “in the moment” that activates
evacuation plans to save lives and accelerates site-specific
preparedness to protect property
Early Warning is
a state of monitoring and messaging “in the moment” that activates
evacuation plans to save lives and accelerates site-specific
preparedness to protect property
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WHAT IS EMERGENCY RESPONSE, THE FOURTH PILLAR?
WHAT IS EMERGENCY RESPONSE, THE FOURTH PILLAR?
Emergency Response is
a myriad of scripted and unscripted heroic and historic responses during
a twenty-four hour and twenty-one day “race against time” to save lives
and protect property
Emergency Response is
a myriad of scripted and unscripted heroic and historic responses during
a twenty-four hour and twenty-one day “race against time” to save lives
and protect property
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WHAT IS RECOVERY, THE FIFTH PILLAR?
WHAT IS RECOVERY, THE FIFTH PILLAR?
Recovery is A period of up to ten years marked by an all
out effort to restore essential services to normal, to repair and reconstruct damaged buildings and infrastructure, and to revive
the economy
Recovery is A period of up to ten years marked by an all
out effort to restore essential services to normal, to repair and reconstruct damaged buildings and infrastructure, and to revive
the economy
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KEY ELEMENTS OF RECOVERY
• IT IS AN INTENSE PERIOD: Up to 10 years are required to plan, fund, and implement the kinds of multi-faceted restoration, repair, and reconstruction activities that are needed to restore life in the community to normal again.
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KEY ELEMENTS OF RECOVERY
• PUBLIC PRESSURE: The political priority is to meet the urgent needs of the people IMMEDIATELY, but the default position is AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE.
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KEY ELEMENTS OF RECOVERY
• SELF INSURANCE AND CASUALTY INSURANCE: When available, money from loss indemnification casualty insurance helps to start the repair and reconstruction quickly.
• LIMITS OF PROTECTION: Insured buildings and infrastructure are usually USUALLY restored to the pre-event level of protection; SOMETIMES MORE.
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KEY ELEMENTS OF RECOVERY
• INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE: Avail-able in many cases, but not all cases.
• POLICY CHANGES: Public officials use the recovery period as a “Window of Opportunity” to adopt and implement new policies based on the lessons on preparedness, protection, early warning, and emergency response learned from the event.
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THE GOAL
DEMANDS ON COMMUNITY
DEMANDS ON COMMUNITY
DISASTER RESILIENCE:
CAPABILITIES OF COMMUNITY
CAPABILITIES OF COMMUNITY
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REALITY
UNANTICIPATED DEMANDS ON COMMUNITY
UNANTICIPATED DEMANDS ON COMMUNITY
LACK OF DISASTER RESILIENCE
INSUFFICIENT CAPACITY FOR RECOVERY AFTER A NATURAL HAZARD
STRIKES
INSUFFICIENT CAPACITY FOR RECOVERY AFTER A NATURAL HAZARD
STRIKES
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ANY COMMUNITY CAN INCREASE ITS CAPABILITY FOR COST-
EFFECTIVE RECOVERY DURING THE INTENSE PERIOD OF UP TO TEN YEARS AFTER A NATURAL
HAZARD STRIKES
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THE CAPABILITY FOR RECOVERY INCREASES AS A
COMMUNITY’S CAPABILITY TO PREPARE, PROTECT, WARN, AND RESPOND INCREASES
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EXAMPLE: KOBE, JAPAN
EARTHQUAKE: JANUARY 17, 1995
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KOBE, JAPAN KOBE, JAPAN
• ?• ?
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ANTICIPATION IS THE KEY TO PREPAREDNESS AND PROTECTION
ANTICIPATION IS THE KEY TO PREPAREDNESS AND PROTECTION
• WHERE AND WHEN WILL THE EARTHQUAKE LIKELY OCCUR?
• HOW BIG OR STRONG IS IT LIKELY TO BE?
• HOW STRONG ARE THE POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS LIKELY TO BE?
• WHERE AND WHEN WILL THE EARTHQUAKE LIKELY OCCUR?
• HOW BIG OR STRONG IS IT LIKELY TO BE?
• HOW STRONG ARE THE POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS LIKELY TO BE?
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WHAT NEEDS TO BE ANTICIPATED (Continued)?
WHAT NEEDS TO BE ANTICIPATED (Continued)?
• WHAT KINDS OF BUILDINGS ARE AT RISK?
• WHAT KINDS OF BASIC, ESSENTIAL, AND CRITICAL INFRA-STRUCTURE ARE AT RISK?
• WHAT ARE THEIR PHYSICAL VUL-NERABILITIES
• WHAT KINDS OF BUILDINGS ARE AT RISK?
• WHAT KINDS OF BASIC, ESSENTIAL, AND CRITICAL INFRA-STRUCTURE ARE AT RISK?
• WHAT ARE THEIR PHYSICAL VUL-NERABILITIES
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CONCLUSION: KOBE NEEDED TO BE READY FOR:
• STRONG GROUND SHAKING, LIQUE-FACTION, LANDSLIDES, AND POSSIBLE TSUNAMI WAVES
• POSSIBLE FIRES• DAMAGE TO BUILDINGS AND
INFRASTRUCTURE• WIDE-SPREAD LOSSES OF FUNCTION • DEATHS AND INJURIES• ECONOMIC LOSSES IN BILLIONS
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CONCLUSIONKOBE WAS A “PREPAREDNESS”
AND “PROTECTION” FAILURE
“EMERGENCY RESPONSE” AND
“RECOVERY” SUCCESSES
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EXAMPLE: NATIONS ADJACENT TO INDIAN OCEAN
TSUNAMI
DECEMBER 26, 2004
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NATIONS AT RISK FROM TSUNAMISNATIONS AT RISK FROM TSUNAMIS
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THE INDIAN-OCEAN NATIONS NEEDED TO BE READY FOR:
• TSUNAMI WAVE RUN UP • COASTAL AREAS INUNDATED AND
ERODED• BUILDINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE
IN COASTAL AREAS DAMAGED WITH LOSSES OF FUNCTION
• 200,000 + DEATHS AND INJURIES• ECONOMIC LOSSES IN BILLIONS
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DECEMBER 26, 2004 INDONESIA EARTHQUAKE-TSUNAMI DISASTER
• TRIGGERED BY A SHALLOW, M 9.0 EARTHQUAKE LOCATED 155 MILES FROM SUMATRA
• 10 M TSUNAMI WAVES WITH RUNUP OF ABOUT 2 MILES DEVASTATED SHORE LINES OF 12 NATIONS
• NO EARLY WARNING• 0VER 200,000 PEOPLE KILLED
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DECEMBER 26, 2004 INDONESIA EARTHQUAKE-TSUNAMI DISASTER
• MILLIONS DISPLACED FROM HOMES• BILLIONS OF DOLLARS NEEDED FOR
RECONSTRUCTION• INTERNATIONAL AID COORDINATED
BY INDIA, AUSTRALIA, JAPAN, AND USA
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CONCLUSIONTHE INDIAN-OCEAN NATIONS WERE
“EARLY WARNING” AND “EMERGENCY RESPONSE”
FAILURES
“RECOVERY” SUCCESSES?? (due to limited areas of impact
in each nation)
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EXAMPLE: THE PHILIPPINES
2013 TYPHOON SEASON
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THE PHILIPPINES
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THE PHILIPPINES NEEDED TO BE READY FOR:
• LANDFALL OF TROPICAL STORMS, TYPHOONS, AND A POSSIBLE SUPER TYPHOON, WHICH HAPPENED 11/08/13
• FLOODING AND LANDSLIDES• BUILDINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE
DAMAGED WITH LOSSES OF FUNCTION
• DEATHS AND INJURIES• ECONOMIC LOSSES IN BILLIONS
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LANDFALL ON FRIDAY MORNING, NOV. 8, 2013
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FOUR HOURS OF FEAR AND DESTRUCTION
• Winds flattened hundreds of homes,• Heavy rainfall triggered mudslides and
flash flooding.• A storm surge with waves of up to 10 m
(30 feet) destroyed everything, sweeping people away and drowning thousands.
• Authorities said almost 800,000 people were evacuated to emergency shelters.
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INITIAL IMPACTS IN THE PHILIPPINES
• Wide spread flooding, mudslides, and power outages
• Winds of 380 kph (290 mph)• TACLOBAN hit very hard by the
storm surge with many deaths• Tacloban’s airport destroyed
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INITIAL IMPACTS IN THE PHILIPPINES
• Loss of communication• Estimates of up to 10,000
people dead• Economic losses in the billions
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AN EVACUATION CENTER
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DESTRUCTION EVERYWHERE
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DESTRUCTION EVERYWHERE
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USA MILITARY FORCES DISPATCHED TO ASSIST THE PHILIPPINES IN WHAT HAS
BECOME A HISTORIC RELIEF EFFORT
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CONCLUSIONTHE PHILIPPINES WERE “EARLY
WARNING” SUCCESSES, BUT “PREPAREDNESS” AND
“EMERGENCY RESPONSE” FAILURES**
“RECOVERY” IS STILL UNDERWAY
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**RATED AS PROBABLY THE STRONGEST TYPHOON EVER TO
STRIKE THE PHILIPPINES
SO, COST-EFFECTIVE “EMERGENCY RESPONSE” PROBABLY
IMPOSSIBLE FOR ANY NATION
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CONCLUSIONEVERY YEAR, EVERY NATION HAS
DOZENS OF “WINDOWS OF OPPORTUNITY” AFTER A NATURAL
HAZARD STRIKES TO USE THE UPDATED BOOKS OF KNOWLEDGE
FOR INNOVATIVE CAPACITY BUILDING OF ALL FIVE PILLARS