parenteral device

8/4/2019 Parenteral Device

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Parenteral device

Parenteral device

Patent Drawings:

1 2 (10 images)

Abstract: A parenteral device having a body slidablysupporting a hollow needle. The needle isslidable between a first position in which it iscompletely retracted within the body and asecond position wherein a portion of the needleprojects outside of the body. The body further

houses a chamber isolated from the needle whenthe needle is in the first position. Movement of the needle into the second position causes an endof the needle to pierce a wall of the chamberthereby establishing communication between thechamber and needle.

Claim: What is claimed is:
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1. A parenteral device comprising a body, thebody having a chamber which is stationaryrelative to the body, a hollow needle having apointed one end with a first aperture atthe oneend, the needle being supported in the body forslidable movement between a first position and asecond position wherein said first positioncomprises said needle being fully accommodatedin the body, said second position comprises saidone endof said needle extending beyond thebody, said needle having a second apertureinward of the first aperture, said needle inmovement from the first position to the secondposition being capable of piercing the chamberand causing the second aperture tobe broughtinto open communication with the interior of thechamber when in the second position to allowflow of fluid between the chamber and the firstaperture, the needle being substantially co-linearwith the body and said second aperturebeingspaced axially along said needle from theone end and wherein on movement of the needlefrom the first position to the second position, theone end of the needle successively piercesopposed sides of the chamber to pass through thechamber when bringingthe second aperture intoopen communication with said interior.

2. A parenteral device as claimed at claim 1wherein the needle is retained in a substantiallyenclosed space in the body when in the firstposition and the body is formed with a wallwhich is sealingly pierced by the one end onmovement of theneedle from the first position tothe second position.

3. A parenteral device as claimed at claim 1

wherein a retention means is provided to retainthe needle in the first position on movement of the needle from the second position to the firstposition, said retention means preventingsubsequentmovement of the needle from the firstposition to the second position.


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4. A parenteral device as claimed at claim 1wherein said chamber is sealed and at least aportion of the wall of the chamber is flexible.

5. A parenteral device as claimed at claim 4wherein the portion of the wall is resilientlyflexible.

6. A parenteral device as claimed at claim 5wherein the portion of the wall is resilientlybiased to a minimum volume position of thechamber.

7. A parenteral device as claimed at claim 5wherein the portion of the wall is resilientlybiased to a maximum volume position of thechamber.

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The invention relates to a parenteral devicewhich may take the form of a syringe or similarparenteral device or a cannula.

2. Prior Art

In the use of syringes, cannulas and the likewhich utilize sharp hollow needles there hasbeen significant awareness recently of thedangers which exist as a result of the usage anddisposal of these devices. The evidence of suchdangersresides in the frequency with which usersof the devices are inadvertently pricked. Such aninjury can result in the transmission of disease.

As a result of these difficulties users of parenteral devices such as medical clinics,hospitals and the like apply very stringentprocedures in the storage, use and disposal of parenteral devices which utilize sharp needles.However, despitesuch very stringent proceduresit is a regular occurrence for professional users tobe inadvertently pricked.


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In addition there is a need for the parenteraldevices such as syringes to be generallyavailable to patients for the self application of parenteral agents to those patients. This isparticularly the case where patients are requiredto regularlyadminister to themselves agentswhich must be regularly administered and canonly be administered by hypodermic orintravenous injection. As a result it is necessaryfor such users to have readily available to themampoules which store the active agent,syringesand needles. When administration is required theusers must assemble the syringe, fill the syringeand needles. When administration is required theusers must assemble the syringe, fill the syringewith the parenteral agent, inject themselveswiththe agent and then dispose of the syringe andneedle in a responsible manner. In addition whenadministration is required the user can often beexperiencing stress which can make the tasks of assembling the syringe, filling the syringe,injectionand disposal of the syringe a difficultexercise.

In addition as a result of the use of illegal drugswhich are generally administered intravenouslyby utilization of syringes there has arisenconsiderable difficulty as a result of theinappropriate disposal of such syringes by theusers ofillegal drugs and increased danger of transmission of disease due to such syringesbeing carelessly disposed of or used by a secondperson.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the invention to at least partiallyalleviate the difficulties that are created by the

use and disposal of the conventional syringes byprofessionals, patients and drug users.

These and other aspects and objects are providedaccording to the invention in a parenteral devicecomprising a body, the body having a chamberwhich is stationary relative to the body, a hollow


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needle having a pointed one end with afirstaperture at the one end, the needle beingsupported in the body for slidable movementbetween a first position and second positionwherein said first position comprises said needlebeing fully accommodated in the body, saidsecond position comprises saidone end of saidneedle extending beyond the body, said needlehaving a second aperture inward of the firstaperture, said needle in its movement from thefirst position to the second position beingcapable of piercing the chamber and causing thesecondaperture to be brought into opencommunication with the interior of the chamberwhen in the second position to allow the flow of fluid between the chamber and first aperture, theneedle being substantially co-linear and saidsecond aperture being spacedaxially along saidneedle from the one end and where in onmovement of the needle from the first position tothe second position, the one end of the needlepierces opposed sides of the chamber to passthrough the chamber.

According to a preferred form of the invention,the needle is retained in a substantially enclosedspace in the body when in the first position andthe body if formed with a wall which is sealinglypierced by the one end on movement of theneedlefrom the first position to the secondposition.

In addition, a retention means may be providedto retain the needle in the first position onmovement of the needle from the secondposition to the first position, said retention meanspreventing the subsequent movement of theneedle from thefirst position to the second

position.

Preferably, the retention means comprises anabutment located to be engaged by the needle onmovement towards or away from the secondposition to cause deformation of the needle,which deformation allows movement of the


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needle from its secondposition.

A number of additional features and objects willbe apparent in connection with the followingdiscussion of preferred embodiments andexamples.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

There are shown in the drawings certainexemplary embodiments of the invention aspresently preferred. It should be understood thatthe invention is not limited to the embodimentsdisclosed as examples, and is capable of variation within thescope of the appendedclaims. In the drawings,

FIG. 1 is a sectional side elevation of the firstembodiment showing the needle in the firstposition;

FIG. 2 is a sectional side elevation of the firstembodiment showing the needle in the secondposition;

FIG. 3 is a isometric view of the moulding whichforms the body of the first embodiment;

FIG. 4 is an isometric inverted view of themoulding shown at FIG. 3 showing the handleand needle in position;

FIG. 5 is an isometric view of the embodimentwith the needle in the first position;

FIG. 6 is a schematic side elevation of thesecond embodiment showing the needle in thefirst position;

FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional side elevation of the second embodiment showing the needle inthe second position;

FIG. 8 is a sectional side elevation of the secondembodiment showing the needle in the first


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position having been moved from that position tothe second position;

FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional side elevation of the third embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view along the lineA--A of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view along the lineB--B of FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the fourthembodiment of the invention with the needle inthe second position;

FIG. 13 is a schematic sectional view of theembodiment with the needle in the first position;

FIG. 14 is a schematic elevation of the fifthembodiment of the invention with the needle inthe first position;

FIG. 15 is a schematic elevation of the fifthembodiment showing the needle in the secondposition; and

FIGS. 16 and 17 are a schematic representationof a sixth embodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THEPREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The first embodiment of the invention which isshown at FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 comprises adevice which enables the storage of parenteralmedium with a means of dispensing thatparenteral medium by injection when desired.

The embodiment comprises a moulding of plastics material which define a body 11 which isformed as two parts 11a and 11b. The body 11 isformed by a pressure injection mouldingtechnique or like technique and has as shown inFIGS. 3 and 4 thetwo separate parts which are


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hingedly interconnected at their rear edges 12. Informing the parts 11a and 11b suitable retentionmeans (not shown) are moulded into theopposing faces such that when opposing faces of the parts 11a and 11b are broughtinto face toface engagement the retention means are inter-engaged to lockably retain the two parts together.

One part 11a of the body is formed on oneexterior face with concave depression 13 whichis located towards the rear side of the one partand a recess 14 which is located towards theforward side of the housing.

In forming the housing the one part 11a of thehousing also has integrally formed with it, by themoulding technique, a thin laminar member 15which extends from the edge 16 of the one part11a adjacent its external face. The laminarmember 15is formed as a parallel sided stripwhich extends from the front edge andterminates with a circular portion 18 having acentral portion 19 of complementaryconfiguration to the concave depression 13which is provided on the one part. In assemblingthebody the laminar member 14 is laid over theexterior face of the one part 11a and it is weldedor similarly fixed around its edges to the one part11a to define a sealed reservoir between itself and the exterior face of the one part 11a. Thesealedspace comprises the volume of theconcave depression 13 and the recess 14 togetherwith the space that is defined between thelaminar member 15 and the exterior face of theone part 11a. The central portion 17 of thelaminar member is formed of athickness suchthat it has resilient flexibility and has aconformity to the depression 13 when placed

over the depression. On application of fluidpressure to the interior of the space definedbetween the one part 11a and the opposed face of thelaminar member 15, by the introduction of theparenteral agent the space can be expanded.

The one part 11a is formed at its forward end


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with a tongue like portion 20 whichaccommodates the recess 14, has substantiallyparallel sides and which is overlaid by theparallel sided strip 17 of the laminar member 15.The underface of thetongue like portion isformed with a groove 21 which extends for aportion of the length of the tongue 20 but stopsshort of the recess 14. The lower face of thegroove 21 is formed with a central narrowergroove 22 which has the same length as themaingroove 21. The inner face of the other part11b of the body which is to be disposed inopposed relation to the groove 20 is formed witha recess such that a substantial portion of theupper part 11b defines a hollow space 23 onengagement with the onepart 11a. A portion of the hollow space which lies opposite the tongueof the one part when the two parts are inter-engaged is slightly wider than the tongue toprovide a slot shaped aperture 14 to each side of the tongue (see FIG. 5).

The tongue 20 of the one part 11a of the bodysupports a handle 25 which is formed with ahandle portion 26 which is slidably received overthe exterior face of the tongue 20 and is formedon its side with a pair of parallel webs 27 whicharelocated to each side of the tongue 20 and arereceived in the slot shaped apertures 24 whichare formed between the tongue 20 of the one part11a and the hollow spaces 23 provided on theother part 11b. The parallel webs areinterconnected by a supportmember 28 whichhas substantially T-shaped profile where the leg29 of the section is received in the groove 21provided on the underface of the one part 11a fora movement along the groove. The supportprovides support for a hook shaped needle

30having a main body portion 31 which extendsforwardly from the support parallel to theunderface of the one part 11a of the body. Themain body is formed with a first aperture 32 inits free end which comprises the one end of theneedle. The hookportion 33 of the needle extendssubstantially parallel to the main portion 31 and


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is formed with a second aperture 34 in the otherend of the needle. Both the one end and the otherend of the needle are pointed.

The hook portion 33 of the needle 30 is slidablyreceived within the minor groove 22 provided atthe base of the groove 21 which is formed on theinner face of the one part 11a. The forwardmostend of the minor groove 22 terminates short of therecess 14 such that it is separated from therecess 14 by a thin wall. The inner face of theother part 11b towards the forward end of thespace 23 provided in that part is also formedwith a third groove 35 which terminates short of the front face suchthat a thin wall is providedbetween the end of the third groove 35 and thefront face of the one member.

As a result of the engagement of the handle 25over the tongue 20 the handle 25 is capable of slidable movement along the tongue 20 from afirst position as shown at FIG. 1 where thesupport 20 is located towards the rear end of thegroove 21provided in the inner face of the onepart 11a and a second position shown at FIG. 2where it is located adjacent the front face of thegroove. On movement of the handle from thefirst position to the second position the one endof the needle 30 piercesthe thin wall provided atthe front end of the third groove 35 to becomeexposed to the exterior of the body. The otherend of the needle pierces the wall between thefront end of the minor groove 21 and the recess14 when the handle is almost at itssecondposition. The piercing of the recess by the hook portion 33 then provides communicationbetween the first aperture 32 at the one end of the needle and the volume defined by the

chamber which was formed between the outerface of the one part 11aand the laminar member15. As a result there is a flow of fluid from thechamber into the second aperture 34 through theneedle and out of the first aperture 32 on thevolume of the chamber being reduced. Thereduction of the volume in the chamber canbe


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effected by the application of pressure by thecentral portion 19 of the laminar member whichis located above depression 13 provided in thebody due to the resilient biasing caused by theexpansion of the central portion when thechamber is filled. Such pressure can also beapplied by a finger or a thumb.

As stated if desired the central portion 19 of thelaminar member 15 may have its own resilienceand be biased to a minimum volume positionwhereby on the second end 34 of the needlepiercing the recess 14 the chamber will collapseunder theresilient pressure applied by the centralportion 19 to cause the injection of parenteralmedium into the tissue from the one end of theneedle. In such an instance the insertion of theone end of the needle into the tissue is effectedwhile the needleis being moved from its first toits second position on the body 11. This can beeffected by locating the front end of the body 11adjacent to the skin of the patient and thenmoving the needle in a single action from thefirst position to the secondposition during whichphase it will enter the tissue of the patient.Alternatively the central portion 19 of thelaminar member 15 may have a resiliencewhereby it is biased to a maximum volumeposition which will require the application of thumb orfinger pressure to effect injection of theparenteral agent into the tissue of the patient.

On completion of the injection of the parentalmedium the needle is then moved to its firstposition by rearward movement of the handle inthe body. Once the needle has been safelylocated into its first position whereby the one endof theneedle is safely accommodated within the

body the device may be disposed of with littlelikelihood of there being any inadvertentpricking of any person who comes into contactwith the device. If desired a locking means maybe provided between the bodyand the handlewhich will engage the handle on it beingremoved rearwardly to the first position and


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which will positively lock the handle into its firstposition. Alternatively, a biasing means may beprovided between the handle and the bodywhichbiases the handle to the first positionwhereby movement of the handle from the firstto the second position requires positivemovement against the biasing force and on theremoval of the application force the biasing willcause the retraction of thehandle and needle.

To fill the chamber between the one part 11a andthe laminar member a hollow needle can becaused to pierce the one part to enter thedepression 13 or recess 14 and a parenteral agentis injected into the chamber. If the body isformed of asuitable resiliently flexible plasticsmaterial the hole caused by the hollow needlecan be self sealing. Alternatively the hole can besealed by wadding or by application of a sealantor by gluing.

The embodiment provides a means of safelystoring a parenteral agent in association with aneedle whereby when it is required to effectinjection of the parenteral medium into tissue of the patient there is no requirement for the patienttoinstall the needle separately to the body of thesyringe, nor to fill the syringe with the parenteralagent before the agent can be applied as is theconventional technique. Furthermore, prior touse and subsequent to the use the needle is storedin aposition where it is not accessible for anyinadvertent pricking of any user or person whomay handle the syringe.

The second embodiment of the invention whichis shown very schematically at FIGS. 6, 7, and 8is directed to an application of the invention to a

substantially conventional syringe. The syringecomprises a substantially hollow cylindricalbody111 having a closed end 112 whichaccommodates a plunger 113 having a piston114 at its inner end which is slidably andsealingly received in the bore of the cylinder.The syringe is associated with a tubular member


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115 which is fixed to the side of thecylindricalbody, is substantially parallel thereto and has anopening 116 adjacent the closed end 112 of thecylindrical body. The tubular element receives arod shaped member 117 having a handle 118 atits outer end and which supports at its inner endahook shaped hollow needle 119. The main body119a of the needle accommodates the pointedfirst end 120 of the needle which lies adjacentthe opening 116 when the rod shaped memberand needle are in the retracted first position inthe tubular member115. The hook shapedportion 119b of the needle provides the secondend 121 of the needle which is also pointed.

The lower portion of the cylinder adjacent theclosed end 112 is formed with a transverselydirected portion 122 which defines an extensionof the space defined by the bore of the cylinderand is formed with transverse wall 123 whichextends intothe tubular member to intersectacross the path of the second end 121 of theneedle as the needle is moved from its firstposition at which the main body 119aaccommodated within the tubular member, to itssecond position as shown in FIG. 7, at whichthemain body 119a of the needle and the firstend 120 of the needle is exposed from the body.Towards the end of such movement the secondend 121 of the needle will engage the transversewall 120 and pierce that wall such that theaperture provided in thesecond end of the needlecomes into open communication with the interiorof the chamber defined by the cylindrical body.On manipulation of the plunger parenteral fluidcan be expelled from the chamber through theone end of the needle of the needle bymoving theplunger into the cylindrical body.

As a result of the second end 121 of the needlepiercing the transverse wall 123 it is caused to bedeformed or bent outwardly. On completion of the use of the syringe the needle is thenwithdrawn to its first position by utilization of thehandle 118 provided on the outer end of the


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rod member 117. However, due to thedeformation of the hook portion 119a of theneedle the other end of the needle is caused to bebrought into engagement with the interior wall of the tubular member. As aresult of the deformedorientation of the needle the hook shaped portionis able to slide rearwardly into the tubularmember with the application of some additionaleffort to the handle 118 but the interferenceeffected by the engagement of the secondend121 of the needle with the side wall of thetubular member prevents further movement of the needle from the first position and thus theneedle is locked into the first position.Furthermore, the rod member may be formedwith a line of weakness 121whereby it can bebroken along that line of weakness and preventfurther utilization of the handle 18 to causemovement of the needle.

As a result of the second embodiment a syringeis provided whereby the interior of the chamberof the syringe will remain isolated until suchtime as the syringe is required to be used eitherto draw parenteral fluid into or for the injectionofa parenteral agent which is stored within thechamber. The movement of the needle to itsextended second position such that the syringecan be used for the injection of the parenteralagent into tissue of the body or withdrawal of aparenteral agentfrom the tissue of the body canbe readily achieved in a simple manual function.Finally on completion of the usage of the devicethe needle can be retracted to a first position atwhich it is not accessible and the needle can belocked in that positionto prevent any furtherinadvertent use of the syringe or inadvertentpricking of any person who may come in contact

with the syringe.

The third embodiment shown at FIGS. 9, 10 and11 is of a similar form to the second embodimentshown at FIGS. 6, 7, and 8. Accordingly,corresponding numerals have been used inrelation to corresponding components between


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the second and thirdembodiments. Thedifference of the third embodiment from thesecond embodiment resides in the presence of anadditional retractable 130 needle which is co-linear and is provided with a second aperture 131in its side wall which can be broughtintoselective engagement with an apertureprovided in the wall of the cylindrical body onthe needle being moved to an extended position.The second needle 130 can be utilized for thewithdrawal of a parenteral agent form anampoule and on completion of thefiling of thechamber of the syringe the second needle can bemoved to a position at which the needle 119 isexposed within the body and the first hook shaped needle is brought into engagement withthe chamber to allow for the injection of theparenteralmedium into the body of a patient.

The fourth embodiment of FIGS. 12 and 13comprises a cannula which is substantiallysimilar to that of the first embodiment describedin relation to FIGS. 1 to 5 except that thechamber includes a reservoir 140 which isremote from the body ofthe device and which isin communication with a recess 141 provided inthe body 142 of the device through a tube 143.The hook portion 145 of the needle 146 can bebrought into selective engagement with therecess 141. It is envisaged that thefourthembodiment would have application in thecollection of fluids such as blood from the bodyof a patient whereby the blood collection bagincorporates the cannula of the embodiment as aunitary component and there is no need forassembly prior to itsutilization.

The fifth embodiment shown at FIGS. 14 and 15

is directed to an injection device whereby theneedle 160 is of a co-linear configuration and isreceived on one end of a rod shaped member 161having a handle 162 at is outer end. Thesecondaperture 163 of the needle 160 is providedalong the length of the needle. As in the case of the first embodiment the chamber is defined


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between an external face of the body 164 and alaminar element 165 which is bonded around itssides to the externalface of the body 164 whichis provided with a concave depression 166 and isformed with an extension 167 which extends intothe body across the path of the needle as itmoves from its first position at which the needleis fully accommodated within thebody to itssecond position at which the needle is exposed.On movement of the needle from the firstposition to the second position it will pierce theextension 167 and on attaining its secondposition the second aperture will come intocommunicationwith the interior of the chamberto allow for the expulsion of the parenteral agentfrom the chamber through the hollow needle.

The sixth embodiment of the invention shown atFIGS. 16 and 17 relates to a sampling device.The sixth embodiment is similar in a verygeneral form to the second embodiment shown atFIGS. 6, 7 and 8 except that the chamber A isdefined by acontainer 210 which has an open endclosed by a cap 211. The cap 211 has a socketwhich will sealingly receive the open end of thecontainer 210 and is formed with a tubular subhousing 215. The sub housing 215accommodates a needle body having arod-shaped member 217 with a handle 218 at itsouter end, which supports a hook shaped needle219 at its other end. As in the secondembodiment of FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 the hookedneedle is slidably movable between a firstposition shown at FIG. 17 at whichthe one end220 of the needle is within the tubular subhousing 215 and a second position shown at FIG.16 at which the needle extends from the tubularbody 215. The cap 211 is formed with a

transverse wall 223 which is pierced by the otherend 221 ofthe hooked needle as it approaches thesecond position to provide communicationbetween the chamber A and the one end 210 of the needle.

In use the chamber A is evacuated and if the one


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end of the needle is caused to enter the body of apatient just prior to the needle being moved fullyinto the second position body fluids will bedrawn into the chamber on the needle beingmovedfully to the second position.

The invention having been disclosed inconnection with the foregoing variations andexamples, additional variations will now beapparent to persons skilled in the art. Theinvention is not intended to be limited to thevariations specificallymentioned, andaccordingly reference should be made to theappended claims rather than the foregoingdiscussion of preferred examples, to assess thescope of the invention in which exclusive rightsare claimed.

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parenteral device

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