parastoo rajaei ,part 1,2 and 3 + appendics

8/10/2019 Parastoo Rajaei ,Part 1,2 and 3 + Appendics

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REDEVELOPMENT OF CONSULATE

AND CULTURAL CENTER OF

IRANIAN EMBASSY INTHE PHILIPPINES

By

Parastoo Rajaei

2009220607

Bachelor of Science in architecture

Mapua institute of technology

A Thesis Presented to the School of AR, ID & the BE In Partial Fulfillment ofthe Requirements in Architectural Design 11/ AR200/ AR200S

for the Degree of BS Architecture

Architect Junar Pakingan Tablan, uap, MSAE

Adviser

Mapa Institute of Technology

Dec 2014


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Approval Sheet

This is to certify that I have supervised and read the preparation of the thesis entitled Redevelopment

Of Consulate and Cultural Center Of Iranian Embassy in the Philippines prepared by

Parastoo,Rajaei and that the said thesis has been recommended for acceptance and approval for oral

defense by the Thesis Evaluation committee.

_______________________________

Architecture Junar Pakingan Tablan,uap

Adviser

As members of the Thesis Evaluation Committee, we certify that we have reviewed and examined this

thesis with the grade of _________ and hereby recommend that it be accepted as partial fulfilment of the

requirements in Architectural Design 11- AR200/ 2S / AR200/ 2F for the degree of Bachelor of science in

Architecture.

________________________ ________________________

Name Name

Panel Member 1 Panel Member 2

________________________

Name

Committee Chair

This thesis is hereby approved and accepted by the School of Architecture, Industrial Design and Built

Environment in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in

Architecture.

_______________________________

Arch. Gloria B. Teodoro, fuap, piep

Dean

School of Architecture, Industrial Design and Built Environment


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Abstract

Embassies and consulates have two essential purposes: to be safe, secure, functional, and inspiring places for the

conduct of diplomacy, and to physically represent the Iran government to the host nation. A facility that represents

the best of Iranian architecture, design, engineering, and construction will be an appropriate workspace, contextually

appropriate, and a respected landmark representing the best of Iranian government, enterprise, and culture in the

Philippines.

This study will focused on Architecture Design + Service Design and Combination of Cultural center and

Diplomatic facility which is not common in the diplomatic facilities of Iran.

Current building was not designed to be an embassy; it was a house which later transformed its functionality into an

embassy. It occupied a small portion of the front lot and leaving a big backyard vacant while the interior spaces are

not in appropriate size and not even suitable for their functions. Beside all of these they have to rent another building

in other place, as a cultural center and it makes people be apart and not familiar to the embassy or cultural center.

Since 90% of Iranian population here in Philippines are the students so the two buildings should be ready to serve

the Iranian youth generation and be prepared to give some services to them.

The challenge is to apply these principles, coordinate their efforts, and deliver built embassy complex that represent

the best of Iranian architecture, engineering, technology, art, and culture.

Mixed-use facilities are a productive use of space, and they add vitality to urban areas.

The mission of this mixed-used building is to promote better understanding of Iran within the international

community and to increase friendship and goodwill between Iran and the Philippines through various exchange

programs and it will support Iranian Galleries, Festivals, Exhibitions and Performances which can have a greatpsychologically and mentally effect on the Iranian youth here and helping them in coping with the of being

homesick, missing families and friends in the origin country and helping them to improve their abilities even they

are far from home.


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, I am grateful to the Almighty God for giving me wisdom to complete this

thesis. I would like to express my deepest appreciation to my thesis adviser, Arch. Junar

Pakingan Tablan,uap, his help has been vital for me in completing this proposal and turning my

thoughts in an actual action. Thank you to my parents who has been with me as always and

supporting me till this stage of my study. Thank you to my dear friend Reza Sayareh as well who

has been with me every step of the way.


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Chapter I.3: Research Methodology 23

I.3.1.Research Design 23

I.3.2.Population and sampling 37

I.3.3.Research Instruments 37

Chapter I.4: Summary of Findings and Analysis 42

I.4.2.Presentation of colected data 44

I.4.3.Need Analysis 46

I.4.4.Conclusion and Recommendation 47

Chapter II: Research Focus 48

II.1 Rational 48

II.2 Principle and Relevance to the Project 50

II.3 Application to the Project 52

Chapter III: Site Identification and Analysis 60

III.1.1.Criteria for Site Selection 60

III.1.2.Site Option Description 62

III.1.3.Site Selection and Justification 64

III.2.1 Site Evaluation and Analysis 65

III.2.2.The Micro Setting 67

Chapter III.3 Site Development Options 68

References 71

Appendix 72


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Chapter I.1

INTRODUCTION

Modern diplomacy's origins are often traced to the states of Northern Italy in the early

Renaissance, in the thirteenth century .The practice spread from Italy to the other European

powers. Milan was the first to send a representative to the court of France in 1455. In Iran, the

first Iranian Embassy1published in 1850 in London and Saint Petersburg.

Embassies and diplomatic buildings are representative of a foreign country in the capital city

of the host country. Their land is alien territory and governments do not interfere in its internal

affairs.

I.1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Embassies and consulates are facilities that represent the best of country architecture, design,

engineering, and construction will be an appropriate workspace, contextually appropriate, and a

respected landmark representing the best of embassysgovernment, enterprise, and culture in the

host country.

The most important factor in designing of such buildings is the image that these structures

want to give to the host country. This image sometimes considered as the ideals and beliefs of

the Embassys country and on the other hand as the relations with the host country.


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I.1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Embassies are always facing the problem of integrating the tow subject that is opening to

the city and public while maintaining full security standards which can be solved with specific

solutions.

One of the contrasts in designing an Embassy is the stylistic and methodology of that

building. Each country prefer that its embassy building present the culture and characteristic of

that country while it might not be so pleasant for people of host country to see so many foreign

architectural buildings in their capital.

Another challenge in the design of diplomatic space is the challenge between history and

contemporary aesthetics and also coordination with the host country.

Applying the municipal regulations requires the submitted plans to the local authorities

and the open site to the supervisory engineers and inspectors and this is difficult because of the

security and protection.

Current building was not designed to be an embassy; it was a house which later

transformed its functionality into an embassy. It occupied a small portion of the front lot and

leaving a big backyard vacant while the interior spaces are not in appropriate size and not even

suitable for their functions. Beside all of these they have to rent another building in other place,

as a cultural center and it makes people be apart and not familiar to the embassy or cultural

center. Since 90% of Iranian population here in Philippines are the students so the two buildings

should be ready to serve the Iranian youth generation and be prepared to give some services to

them.


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The challenge is to apply these principles, coordinate their efforts, and deliver built

embassy complex that represent the best of Iranian architecture, engineering, technology, art, and

culture.

I.1.3 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The goal is improving the functionality of consulate and cultural center of Iranian

embassy in the Philippines.

Objectives

to apply these principles, coordinate their efforts, and deliver built embassy complex that

represent the best of Iranian architecture, engineering, technology, art, and culture.

To increase the functionality of the Consulate sector.

To increase the functionality of Cultural Center

To strengthen the cultural and economic relationship between Iran and Philippines.

To increase the truism industry in the Philippines.

Strategies

To design Mixed-use facilities to come up with a productive use of space and adding

vitality to urban areas

To promote better understanding of Iran within the international community and to

increase friendship and goodwill between Iran and the rest of the world through various

exchange programs and it will support Iranian Galleries, Festival, Exhibitions and

Performances.


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I.1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The importance of this study will be for the purposes of attempting to reinvent Irans

reputation in the Philippines and so in the world by a good design of consulate and cultural center building.To

implement designs that will represent Iran to the world as a welcoming and open society while

maintaining appropriate security provisions.

Since the largest number of Iranian population here in the Philippines are young

students, careful planning for developing their talents and abilities has significance role.

I.1.5 SCOPE, LIMITATION

This study limits itself to redeveloping of the consulate and cultural center of Iranian

embassy in the Philippines and its not cover the diplomatic offices of ambassadors, diplomatic

advisor and financial advisor regarding to its ultra-top-secret of these areas.

I.1.6 ASSUMPTION

The study assumes that the proposed Consulate and cultural center will provide higher

quality of services to the both Iranians and interested Filipinos through the effective facilities

provided with its new environment. It is also assumed that it will contribute to design solutions

for the existing problems of the structure and will make it a youth friendly area.


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I.1.7 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

IDENTIFICATION

OF THE PROBLEM

CONSULATE & CULTURAL CENTER OF IRANIAN EMBASSY IN MANIAL

Problem

analysis

Numeration and identification of some of the problems

Data gathering

and analyzing

Oral investigation

Formulation

of solution

Providing best solution and innovations based on data analysis

Solutions

Introducing solutions


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I.1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Iran- Also known as Persia officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, is acountry in Middle East

Diplomatic building - government building in which diplomats live or work

Embassy- The official residence or offices of an ambassador.

Ambassador - An accredited diplomat sent by a country as its official representative to a foreign

country.

Consulate- diplomatic building that serves as the residence or workplace of a consul.

Cultural center- is an organization, building or complex that promotes culture and arts.

Cultural centers can be neighborhood community arts organizations, private facilities,

government-sponsored, or activist-run.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Countryhttp://www.thefreedictionary.com/consulatehttp://www.thefreedictionary.com/consulatehttp://www.thefreedictionary.com/consulatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Country


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Chapter I.2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

I.2.1 Related study

The role of architecture and the built environment - more generally - for political purposes is

evidenced from the most ancient times throughout history. In general, architecture can legitimate

authority and, by interpreting ideals through physical form, may serve as inspiration. By creating

new forms, architecture also creates possibilities for new contents. Thus, architecture is a

powerful political tool for achieving different purposes based on values and this is the essence of

the politics-architecture nexus, or political architecture. This chapter provides citations from

existing studies that are related to the topic and use general information about Diplomatic

buildings and it is include definitions of consulate and cultural center of embassy and its spaces

as well as context information on Iranian architectural terms.

Embassies and consulates serve as the front door for US diplomacy. The safety and security

they provide to our personnel are the first priority, but they must also reflect our national values

of openness and ingenuity. in addition, embassies and consulates must exemplify the best of

American architecture, environmental stewardship, and innovation. Championing excellent

design and efficient technologies benefits both the American taxpayer and those overseas we

seek to serve. (Secretary of state John f. Kerry, November 2013)


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Architecture is inescapably a political art, and it reports faithfully for ages to come what the

political values of a particular age were. Surely ours must be openness and fearlessness in the

face of those who hide in the darkness. Precaution, yes. Sequester, no. (SEN. Daniel Patrick

Moynihan March 25, 1999)

Diplomatic facilities abroad are more than just offices, residences, and places of assembly

and refuge. They are the physical presence of the nation beyond its borders. nations embassies

are symbols of the values and aspirations of the its people. ( Design for Diplomacy, A Report of

the AIA 21st-Century Embassy Task Force,the American Institute of Architect)

I.2.2 Related Literature

I.2.2.1 Architecture Defined

Architecture has been defined as the ultimate aim of all creative activity1 ,pure art,

disregarding utility, social art with political implications (Mayo 1996), the signature of power

(Lasswell 1979). Most generally, architecture is defined as a unity of form (style, aesthetics,

symbolism) and function (content, utility).

_____________________________

1This definition is a part of the Manifesto and program of the Weimar Bauhaus, founded by Walter

Gropius in Germany in 1919 with the purpose of ending the isolation of the arts one from the other.


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I.2.2.2 Architecture Matters

The power of symbolic architecture is so impressive that it was used by the authors of

Reframing Organizations (Bolman and Deal 1997) to emphasize the role of organizational

culture and symbols, expressed through architecture. Similarly, the design and symbolism of

public buildings may inspire awe in the citizens and thus reinforce political power (Goodsell

1988a). At a more mundane level, government offices and meeting rooms with their design, size

and dcor may reinforce the impression of just authority (Edelman 1995), or simply inspire

noble ideas. However, architecture relates to politics not only symbolically but also

substantively.

I.2.2.3.The Politics-Architecture Nexus Is about Values

The relationship between politics and architecture is part of the more general cause-and-

effect relationship between the built environment and behavior, part of which is architecture in

the service of politics as a tool for structuring perceptions, or buildings purposely designed for

politics (Mayo 1996). This is well expressed by Churchills famous statement We shape our

buildings, and afterwards our buildings shape us2.

Architecture is a powerful political tool for

achieving influence through examples of magnificence, wealth and craftsmanship as well as for

propaganda through manipulating symbolic meanings.

_____________________________

2From Churchills speech of October 28, 1943 to the House of the Commons when he addressed the

reconstruction of the Commons chamber demolished during a Luftwaffe air raid in May 1941. Quoted

and cited in Goodsell, C. T. (1988a).


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I.2.2.4.As Political Authority

Political architecture as reflection of changing concepts of political values - has been of

major interest to public administrations Charles T. Goodsell who has conducted the most

comprehensive examinations of political values reflected in different types of government

buildings. Most generally, Goodsells claim is that the architecture of government buildings

reflects political authority defined as the relationship between governors and governed. Goodsell

examines 1) the political values or ideas embedded in different government buildings; 2) the

effects of the buildings on contemporary political behavior and 3) the larger impressions the

buildings have on society (Goodsell 1988a; Goodsell 1988b; Goodsell 2001). In his most recent

examinations on government buildings, he summarizes the role of architecture for politics by

introducing three perspectives or lenses: expressive, behavioral and societal (Goodsell 2001).

I.2.2.5 Task of Consulate

A Consulate is the representation of the public administration of a country in a foreign town.

First of all it is responsible for its own fellow citizens, living or travelling in the host

country. The most important duties of a consulate are: to establish and renew passports and

other official documents, to report Births, Deaths, Marriages, Divorces, Adoptions etc.

happened in the host country to the competent authorities home, to inform its own citizens

living abroad about the social security situation, to handle the military formalities and

control for its own citizens liable to military service, to help its own citizens in distress or other

emergency situations, to look after its own citizens in detention or arrest and to watch over


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the rule of law and fair trials, to establish entry visas to foreign citizens and to inform them

about immigration-, residence- and work permits.

I.2.2.6 Task of Embassy

An Embassy is the diplomatic representation of a country's government in another country, it

transmits messages of its home government to the government of the host country and vice versa,

it informs its home government about important political, social, economic, military and other

events happening in the host country, it prepares international treaties and official state visits, it

promotes its own home culture, economy and science in the host country, the military attach is

responsible for contacts between the two armed forces and for arms business, many embassies

(but not all of them) have a consular section exercising the functions of a consulate.

I.2.2.7.What influences the embassy architecture as expression of political values?

As explanatory variables, the analysis takes into account the wealth of both countries owning

and hosting the respective embassy, domestic politics of the owner country, culture and

regionalism. This examination of embassies demonstrates that political values can be measured

and thus empirically examined, explained and predicted by different objective factors as well as

by cultural affiliations. The major contribution of this study is the empirical support for the

designed model for deriving stable measurements of political values. Values expressed in

political architecture have the potential to support existing relations, to influence changes in

behaviors, processes and activities and even to influence social and political change. The major

finding of this study is that the wealth of host country is the single most important predictor of


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embassy design as reflection of values. Limitations for this study may be considered the use

photographs as proxies for embassies, the comparatively small sample size and its Eurocentric

focus. Despite these limitations, this study holds promise for a fruitful research agenda for

examining first, how and why values change over time; second, how architectural forms support

old or influence the occurrence of new and different values and third, if architecture matters, an

empirical study of individual perceptions may reveal how architecture is important for different

people. While there is substantial scholarship on the politics- architecture nexus, this study

compliments this impressive scholarship, demonstrating that values reflected in and through

architecture can be examined and measured empirically, and thus predicted by external factors.

While values exist throughout all human activity, in architecture they are frozen and thus

amenable to solid scientific examination because the function of political architecture is politics

and the form is value-laden. (Explaining Embassy Architecture, Natasha Dimitrova Guenov ,

May 2012)

I.2.2.8. Reviewing of some Case Studies

I.2.2.8.1 International

A. Typical Embassy Compound Site Plan, Drawing by Zimmer, Gunsul, Frasca, Inc.

Standard Embassy Design (SED), compound guidelines prefers a 10 acre relatively flat site,

accessible to the public they serve. A site close to mass transit is preferred. Consideration of site

accessibility, good soils, existing utilities, emergency services, neighboring properties, and

environmental factors such as site elevation and potential flooding are also factored into a

detailed real-estate study performed prior to acquisition of the property to determine the best


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match with these parameters. The main building and focal point of the compound is called the

chancery and is supported by a utility building, warehouse, and service building often containing

the commissary (store) selling American goods. (See Figure 1)

There are typically three controlled access points to the compound; one for pedestrians

visiting the consulate, one for vehicular service and deliveries, and one for the main entry which

is a combined vehicle and pedestrian entrance for employees and visitors. Typically an outdoor


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garden area is provided as a waiting area for the consular. Staff and visitor parking are remotely

located, outside the established compound perimeter wall or fence. Only official vehicles are

permitted within the compound.

The chancery building houses the offices of the State Department including: Executive

Office (Ambassador), General Administration, and other federal agencies having presence in the

country, Community Liaison, Cafeteria, and Health Unit. (See Figure 2)


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B. Embassy of the Netherlands, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

A new European embassy in Africa is often an imposed (or at least imported) affair, using

materials and human resources brought from outside. The Dutch Embassy in Addis Ababa is

different. It was realised entirely by local contractors, using the only widely available local

construction material, concrete, coupled with Ethiopian stone and timber for the interior finishes.

The brief required new buildings for the ambassadors residence, chancellery and staff housing,

and the renovation of the existing deputy ambassadors house. Along the way (the project took

eight years to realise) a small school was added to the programmer.


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The main building, an elongated horizontal volume of 140 by 15 meters, cuts across the

sloping terrain on an east-west axis. Around one third of the way down its length, a driveway

passes through it at first-floor level, separating the ambassadors residence from the chancellery.

The flat roof that unites the two parts is a roof garden accessed, where the topography permits,

from elevated pathways. Inside the chancellery, offices flank a ramped corridor that climbs the

gradient of the site, ending in a patio linked to the roof.

C. Ministry of Foreign Affair Iran

A Persepolis inspired modern building, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Tehran. A clear

copy of the palaces in Persepolis with double ramped stair ways, portico in the center of the

facade, high stone columns with double bull-headed capitals, stone reliefs of Persian guards with

spear. A simpler and smaller version of how the Persepolis and Susa Apadana palaces could look

like. The ministry is in Bagh-e Melli (Meydan-e Mashgh) in Tehran.

Ministry of Foreign Affair Tehran2013/05/13


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D. Iranian Embassy in London, Design by Dr. Armin Hohsen Daneshgar.

Iran is attempting to reinvent its reputation in the UK by building an embassy building in

centralLondon featuring a contemporary art gallery and cultural center.

The Iranian foreign ministry has submitted a planning application for the six-story building

on a South Kensington street corner, featuring a dramatic cantilevered arch, acutely-angled walls

and irregularly punched-out windows, a recent architectural vogue. As its architect said the

building cost around 100m.

"The cube-shaped building at the corner could be accessed freely by the public and feature

exhibits such as contemporary artworks made by young Iranian artists," said Armin Daneshgar,

the Vienna-based Iranian architect who is working with a leading UK environmental engineer,
http://www.theguardian.com/world/iranhttp://www.theguardian.com/uk/londonhttp://www.theguardian.com/uk/londonhttp://www.theguardian.com/world/iran


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Battle McCarthy, to make the building sustainable. Webelieve Iran's rich cultures, especially

contemporary movements, are still largely unknown to the west."

I.2.2.8.2. Local

A. New U.S embassy in Manila


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The Secretary of States Register of Culturally Significant Property: The U.S. Embassy in

Manila is tangible evidence of the American commitment to Philippine independence pledged in

1934 by the U.S. Congress. The Federal Modern style chancery, designed by Juan M. de

Guzman Arellano and completed in 1940, was initially the residence and offices of the U.S. High

Commissioner. Built on reclaimed land, a gift from the Philippine government, the building sits

on more than 600 reinforced concrete piles sunk sixty feet into the seaside site. Local reports at

the time praised its state- of-the-art construction, finding that its plain, compact, and solid

expression embodied efficiency, strength, and stability. (The Secretary of States Register of

Culturally Significant Property, page20, 2006)


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B. New Korean Embassy in Manila

Perspectives of Korean Embassy in Manila

Actual photo of Korean Embassy in Manila

It is 4 story building which is located at upper Mackinley road (lot 3), Mackinley Hills,

Taguig, Metro Manila in the 5,890.50 m2 lot and the total floor area of 4,753.00 m

2. The

architect design interior and exterior regarding to the Korean traditional spacing patterns and

symbols.


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Korean Embassy in Manila- Floor Plan


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Chapter I.3

Research Methodology

I.3.1.Research Design

In this research, mixed method used in order to achieve the research findings. An online-

based questionnaire survey and Interview have been conducted to be answered from the

respondents who are facilitys staffs, the Iranian students who are living in Manila, their families

who came here to visit their children, the Filipinos with Iranian spouse and their children, those

Filipinos who are learning Persian language (Farsi) and those Muslim Filipinos who are

attending the classes of learning Quran in this center to reach to the existing issues concerning

the facilities of this part of the Iranian Embassy in Manila.

And at the end, review the guideline, rules and regulations for the standard planning and

designing of diplomatic facilities, as well as a review on case studies.

Research Design: Case Study

Case Study 1.Cultural Center

The case study is a walk-observation to the facility of Consulate and Cultural Center of

Iranian Embassy in Manila, determining, identifying and confirming the problematic issues of

the facility.


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The Islamic Republic of Irans Cultural Counsellorship under the jurisdiction of the Islamic

Culture and Relations Organization (ICRO), with the aim of introducing Islam, the culture,

tradition, civilization and art of Iran to the Filipino nation was established in January 20,

1990. By the 1996 more room for cooperation was opened with the signing of the Cultural

Agreement between the two nations.

The pervious Cultural Center and Consulate of Iranian embassy in manila was located at

No. 16 Santa Potenciana Street, Urdaneta Village, Makati City, Metro Manila, Philippines.

Previous Iranian Cultural Center


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Since it was a small rented residence and it was not able to answer the needs of its users, they

decided to transfer to the much bigger place which is owned by the Islamic Republic of Iran.

The new facility is located at No 105A, 452 EDSA (Southbound), Guadalupe Viejo, Makati

City, Metro Manila, exactly adjacent to EDSA and 9 min walk to the Guadalupe MRT station,

and base on its vision and mission, they are looking toward cultural commonalities between the

two nations and strengthening them, seeking more ways of cultural, artistic, scientific and sports

development cooperation and other similar activities are among the duties of this office. This is

carried out by taking part in different film festivals, sponsoring Irans cultural weeks, meeting

with friendship societies members and cultural characters, holding cultural seminars, Holy

Quran teaching, facilitating Interfaith Dialogues, sponsoring exhibitions on books, posters,

artifacts, teaching of Persian language as well as other forms of art, doing cultural research, book

publication and carrying out the rest of the cultural exchange activities between the two nations.

Location of Iranian Cultural Center


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Distance of Iranian Cultural Center to MRT station

Base on studied research, site visit and Interviews, even this new building is not useful enough

and it doses t have all the necessary facilities and spaces to answer the needs of its users .

Iranian Cultural Center Only Entrance


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In spite the fact that location of the building makes the commuting much easier than the previous

one (regardless the dirty and smelly side walk from MRT station to the building), it makes the

facility suffer by noise of the vehicles, train and the pollution of heavy traffic in EDSA.

Side walk-MRT station to Iranian Cultural Center

Even they newly designed its main faade; since its front set back is more than the adjacent lots,

it doesnt have vision clarity (esp. when you are driving toward Makati).

Iranian Cultural Center Facade


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And no taxi and car can stop in front of its entrance since it doesnt have a drop-off area and the

road is always used by the high speed vehicles.

Adjacency of Iranian Cultural Center with EDSA

When people get in the site from its main entrance, they will face only 40 cm wide, pathway

going to the classrooms and the auditorium at its left side and then 8 steep stairs to the building

entrance door in the front.

Steep stairs to the entrance door


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40cm-wide walk way connecting the main entrance to the classrooms and auditorium.

The main problems inside the building is listed below based on the interviews and site

observation:

1.There is no proper fire exit in the floors and spaces

2. Doors and openings are not placed in order to safty codes

3.The building is suffering beacuase of not having enogh openings to get the natural sun light

and ventilation.

4.There are some conflicts in space programming of building such as interupting the public,

semi public and private zone all together .

5.the staircases are so steep and without any openings.

6.the building dosen t have spacefic parking area or pick-up/drop-off space


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Male Auditorium and the AVRs

control room at its corner

Female Auditorium with no fire exit

and no proper interior design

Steep stairs from ground floor to 2nd

floor


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Ongoing Construction site which is a high rise building at the rear side of the lot

Library room without any window

Vacant space which sometimes used as a parking area for the staff


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Schematic Floor Plan of Cultural Center of Iranian Embassy in Manila:

Ground Floor Plan- free hand 2nd Floor Plan- free hand

3rd Floor Plan- free hand


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Base on the observation through the site visit around the building,we can filter the overall

behavioral paterns of the facilitys users.

Public

Semi-Public

Private

ENTRY LOBBY LIBRARY BORROWING

BOOK/SEAT IN

EXIT

ENTRY LOBBY GYM EXIT

ENTRY PUBLIC

LOBBY

GUESS HOUSE EXIT

ENTRY PUBLIC

LOBBY

CONFERENCE ROOM EXIT

ENTRY PUBLIC

LOBBY

OFFICE EXIT

ENTRY GARDEN AUDITORIUM

HALL

EXIT

ENTRY GARDEN CLASSROOM EXIT

ENTRY GARDEN CONSULATE RESIDANCE

IN 3RDFLOORFLOOR

EXIT


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Case Study 2. Consulate and Embassy of Islamic Republic of Iran

Address: 2224 Paraiso corner Pasay, Dasmarinas Village, Makati City, Philippines

Consulate and Embassy of Islamic Republic of Iran


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840 sq.m lot in Dasmarias Village, Makati, is the main Iranian embassy building in the

Philippines (exclusive from ambassador residence).

Its design is a typical residential house which just transformed to an embassy of Iran just by

adding some wooden or glass partitions.

Consulate and Embassy of Islamic Republic of Iran-Manila

Its a big middle lot along EDSA just nearby Ayala MRT station and bus stations. It has only one

entry/exit for the ambassador, staff, consul and public all together.

Even it has a good access to the public transportation system, MRT3, but since its locate in

the middle of residential zone, Dasmarinas Village, its far from any convenient stores, banks or

any other needed areas and a the only public space can be used whenever you go to the embassy,

is a 15sq.m room which doesnt have even specific restroom for publicand it cannot

accommodate all the visitors regarding the consulate, visa sector, students affairs and etc. and it

make the visitors feeling uncomfortable there.


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Schematic Floor Plan of Iranian Embassy in Manila

The main problems inside the building is listed below based on the interviews and site

observation:

1.There is no proper security for the site

2. there is only 1 counter for everything, visa sector, students affairs consulate,etc.

3.There are conflicts in space programming of building such as interupting the public,

semi public and private zone all together .

4. The building dosen t have spacefic parking area or pick-up/drop-off space

6 The building dosen t have enough space for its public services function

7.There are no convenient stores, banks or any other needed areas

8. The building design is not based on Iranian architecture


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I.3.2.Population and sampling

Study has been done on the chosen from the 5 different groups of users:

1.

Pure Iranians

2. Pure Filipinos

3. Iranian-Filipinos (half-blood)

4. Pure Filipinos, those who have an Iranian spouse.

5. Other nationalities

I.3.3.Research Instruments

These are the tools have been used in gathering data in the study of Iranian Consulate and

cultural center in Manila. These will be the basis for the identifying the particular need in the

study and making a reliable source for future refrences.in this study we have been used interview

and observation.

I.3.3.1.Random Sampling

Asking directly toward the user in action, that can define the issues of the place, and its

thoughts in the situation, this occurs by asking questions for much needed information for the

interviewee verbally and directly.

Interviewees have been chosen from the 4 different groups of users; Iranians, Filipinos,

Iranian-Filipinos and Filipinos including those who have an Iranian spouse also.


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I.3.3.2.Observation

It is the direct means of identifying the current facility of the complex, the direct means of

studying the flow, movement of the people in the facility, the used of the spaces and identifying

what is in the facility. Site visit is performed in order to commit this method and lead us to these

main problems: no proper fire exit in the floors and spaces/ not following the safty code in door

sweengs and place of openings/ not having natural sun light and ventilation/ conflicts in space

programming of building/steep stairs/ lack of spacefic parking area/lack of pick-up/drop-off

area.

I.3.3.3.Rules and regulation in designing oversees missions facilities

In the 21stcentury, the international environment is endlessly changing. The rapid

development of information and communication technology has allowed countries to interact

daily beyond their physical distances, making the world into one country. This has also allowed

all countries to maximize their national profile and benefit from the cooperative relationship with

other countries. Diplomacy makes all this possible. As the importance of diplomacy rises, all

countries are putting careful consideration in the establishment of their diplomatic and consular

offices a place for diplomatic activities and these offices are being bought or built depending on

the situation of the country of residence.


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Embassies are the most important diplomatic monuments. Embassies are typically formed

from three main distinctive:

The first part is diplomatic offices of ambassadors, diplomatic advisor, financial advisor or other

expedition groups in the host country. This section usually includes the general diplomatic

secretary, archives, lobby and encrypted rooms. Some countries prefer to isolate the offices of

the ambassador and his secretary and create a special subset diplomatic sector. This section of

the embassy is controlled and it has protected access.

The second part is administrative offices which financial affairs and administrative staff have

been deployed to deal with individuals and local institutions.

The third part is service spaces which is including facility rooms, dining, kitchen, storage, and

library and so on.

Entering to the embassy is happening through the special space hierarchy. In designing of the

embassy, boundaries and the control of movement and the security is so important and sensitive.

Usually there is a box area at the entrance of embassy, which has some counters so visitors can

contact the embassy staff from there. Walls and counters are often anti-theft and anti-bullet. If

guests will be allowed to enter the embassy, he/she will be driven to the office sector. Access to

the diplomatic sector is usually done through the other controlled door.

The most sensitive part of embassy is its security token and telecommunications room which

has a very robust and controlled door in diplomatic sector.


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Staff entrance is different from public entrance, however, designing a buffer space between

outside and inside, for the persons and vehicles entrance, will increases embassy security

coefficient.

Embassies are representatives of foreign countries in the host countries and their main task is

to establish friendly relations between the two countries and at the same time they are

responsible for protecting the rights of their fellow citizens.

Embassies become shelters for its citizens, peoples who have visited the host country as

tourism, business, immigration, medical treatment etc., in the host country in case of

emergencies.

Embassies often have facilities for dealing with crisis situations such as earthquakes, natural

disasters, war, civil conflict, and more and in the countries where the risk of a crisis is higher,

they should be able to accommodate a large number of people, even it is temporary.

The most important thing is having wide open space inside the embassy, which under normal

conditions can be used in various ceremonies, landscape or sports field and having adequate

toilets, grocery storage (which is revised every year), first aid, blankets and tents storage, fuel

storage, water and electric generator with sufficient power are necessary.

In countries like the Philippines, where there is a higher possibility of natural disasters,

embassies and its installations must be such that those conditions dont interrupted the building

functionality.

For safety reasons, embassies preferred to have separate parking spaces for employees which

can be incorporated into these open spaces.


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Some embassies are considered a space for cultural programs, Cultural Center; and it should

not interfere with the embassys traffic flow.

Other diplomatic building is consulate which is sometimes built independent with embassy

building.

Consulates which are referred to native affairs have more clients rather than embassies.

Entrance and waiting area should be bigger in this sector regarding to having more visa clients.In

consulate building, spacing is much easier regarding to protection and security. There should be

only separation between the visitors and staffs. The staff sector needs to have public office,

service spaces and a big archive.

Major activities of cultural centers are looking toward cultural commonalities between the

two nations and strengthening them, seeking more ways of cultural, artistic, scientific and sports

development cooperation and other similar activities are among the duties of this office. This is

carried out by taking part in different film festivals, sponsoring cultural weeks, meeting with

friendship societies members and cultural characters, holding cultural seminars, facilitating

Interfaith Dialogues, sponsoring exhibitions on books, posters, artifacts, teaching of language as

well as other forms of art, doing cultural research, book publication and carrying out the rest of

the cultural exchange activities between the two nation. Cultural centers usually need to have

these areas: meeting spaces, a library, classrooms, offices, major service areas like kitchens,

bathrooms, storage, etc.


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Chapter I.4

Summary of Findings and Analysis

This chapter will present datas and presentation in order to further understand the collected

data and informations.

I.4.1.In this study the collected data will be presented in graphical method and figures to

understand the complexity of the problem, the proponent can easily discuss the problem on it.

Figure I.4.1

As it has been shown in the graph, MRT Station is located at its North-East with the distance of 9

min walk. At the back, North-West, there is an ongoing construction and its going to be a high

THEConsulate &

CulturalCenter of

IranianEmbassy In

Manila

loyolaMemorial

Chapel

MRT Station

JackbiltIndustries

Brio Tower &State

CondominiumV

EDSA

TKC heavyIndustries

Corporation

North


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rise tower in the short time. EDSA is located exactly adjacent to the building at its South-East.

TKC heavy Industries Corp. and Jackbilt Industry are also at its North-West.

Figure I.4.2

Base on the chart above, the majority of the users take taxi for commuting to the facility and the

2nd

major mode of transportation is private vehicles which illustrate that the location of the

building is not in the comfort zone in terms of public transportation even though its near to

MRT/Bus station.

33

38

15

10

4

Modes of Transportation

PRIVATE VEHICLES

TAXI

MRT

BUS

JEEPNEY


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Figure I.4.3

Base on the chart above, the majority activity is happing on the especial occasions and its

followed by classes, diplomatic meetings and the rest however less than 3% of the people use the

gym and fitness.

I.4.2.Presentation of the Collected Data: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats

Analyses on the Strengths of the Facility

The following Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats are based on the statements

of the Interviewee and observations through the Case Study.

52

20

3

10

15

Activities of Users in the Facility

Occasions(Cultural & Religious)

Classes

GYM & Fitness

Library

Diplomatic Meeting


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Analyses on the Strengths of the facility

It has been observed that they planned to come up with lots of beneficial services and they

are successful in hosting the occasions and ceremonies.

Analyses on the Weaknesses of the facility

1.there is no proper fire exit in the floors and spaces

2. doors and openings are not placed in order to safty codes

3.the building is suffering beacuase of not having enogh openings to get the natural sun

light and ventilation.

4.there are some conflicts in space programming of building such as interuption of the

public, semi public and private zone all together .

5.the staircases are so steep and without any openings.

6.the building dosen t have spacefic parking area or pick-up/drop-off space

7.there is no cafeteria in the site or near it.

8. Wasting money on buying an expansive lot adjacent to EDSA which is not beneficial

in the terms of its functionality beside the location is not a satisfactory.


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Chapter II

Research Focus

II.1 Rational

Diplomatic building typically consists of three separated major parts:

A. Embassy

B. Administrative

C. Cultural Consulate and Business Consulate.

A) The Embassy, which includes the office of Ambassador, diplomatic adviser, Economic

Adviser and other expeditions and also consists of diplomatic secretary room, archive, lobby and

password rooms. This section of the embassy has high level of protection and access control.

(Loeffler, 1989)

B) Administrative Office, which include the Finance and Administrative staffs office.

C) Consulate is another diplomatic building which sometimes built independent with the

embassy building and is the place for Native Affairs and fellow patrons. (Loeffler, 1989)

D) Cultural Consulate and Business Consulate which its functionality can be narrow or very

wide is dependent on the relation of host and guest country and can present such services like

cultural activities, exhibitions, performances, concerts, festivals and Library, classrooms, offices


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and service spaces such as kitchens, health services, warehouse and etc. and for Business

Consulate its task is to help businessmen and industrialists of its country to find new markets in

the host country and to inform local businesses about what is available in his country. It has

some common areas like office spaces and meeting rooms.

The followings are some factors affecting the design of embassies(3)

:

1) Review of embassies location- Embassies usually locate in important, historical or

urban zones and mostly near to other embassies.

2) Effective approaches to the design of the building- Case study of different embassies.

3) Goodwill or security- In designing of embassies there should be double attention to

some issues like historical, psychological, social, functional, and cultural and the

architect should pay attention to the listed matters as matter of the host country and guest

country.

4) Type of property or ownership- Countries cannot buy and owned whatever and

wherever they want, and it should follow different laws in different countries and

municipal.

_____________________________

3Base on Architectural characteristic of overseas facilities by Majid Yazdani, member of faculty

council, Khavaran University, Iran.


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Chapter II.2 Principle and Relevance to the Project

The site and location of an embassy or consulate should be practical as well as symbolic

implications, ensure the safety of the mission enhance the conduct of diplomacy, and best

represent its government and values,so here we are going to identify a feasible site as a preferred

site and these are the main perimeter zones & components of the location and site of diplomatic

facility:

A. Zone 1: Streetscape

B. Zone 2: Main Entrance

C. Zone 3: Parking

1. Staff Parking

2. Official Visitor Parking

D. Zone 4: Consular Entrance

E. Zone 5: Service Entrance

F. Zone 6: Adjacent Properties

And here are perimeters in Designing Embassy which shouldnt neglect.

Site Analysis

Threat/Risk Analysis


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Barrier Selection

Landscape

Reperesentational Elements

Sustainability

Figure II.2.1 - Process Diagram


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II.3 Application to the Project

Here, there are some examples of anti-ram which can use for diplomatic facilities without

being obvious of its concept.

Figure II.3.1- anti-ram protection


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Figure II.3.4- anti-ram protection with available more setback distance

Figure II.3.5- anti-ram protection when more pedestrian space is needed


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Figure II.3.6- an example of anti-ram knee

Figure II.3.7- different types of anti-ram wall


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Figure II.3.8- sample elevation of anti-ram wall

Figure II.3.9- example of anti-ram bollard


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Figure II.3.10- actual examples of anti-ram

Figure II.3.11- anti-ram


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Figure II.3.14- Buffers, seating, barriers

Figure II.3.15- Buffers, seating, barriers


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Chapter III

Site Identification and Analysis

Site Selection Process

III.1.1.Criteria for Site Selection

Site selection inception is a multi-step process and base on Overseas Buildings Operations

(OBO)(4)

the following should be concider as the keystone characteristics of all diplomatic sites:

Criteria 1- Location promoting a sense of openness, accessibility, and transparency through

location; Proximity to key host-government facilities, embassies of other countries,

and businesses and cultural centers;

Criteria 2- Development preferred areas and neighborhoods in the city, in urban area and

underdeveloped areas.

Criteria 3- Security (a) Access: To enhance emergency response, life safety and procedural

security, a minimum of two noncontiguous access points for entry/exit to streets for

vehicles as they enter or exit the embassy or consulate compound is required. Both

streets should allow bi-directional options for vehicles.

_____________________________

4Conduct Multi-disciplinary Site Evaluation Using Consistent Evaluation Criteria (CT:OBO-36;10-31-

2013)


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(b) Transportation adjacencies: Sites adjacent to elevated roadways, waterways with

active watercraft traffic, active rail lines, or sites within one mile of an airport's

property boundary, will generally not be considered for acquisition;

(c) Neighborhood risks: Sites in proximity to areas with high crime, gang activity,

terrorist activity, military, or similar activity that pose high levels of risk for mission

personnel, will generally not be considered for acquisition;

(d) Unacceptable neighbors: Adjacent properties occupied by unacceptable neighbors

defined as state security, intelligence, police, shooting ranges, large commercial

shopping, heavy industrial processing and storage facilities, or similar facilities, will

generally not be considered for acquisition; and

(e) Crowd potential: Sites in proximity to facilities designed for use by very large

crowds (sports stadiums, entertainment arenas, or public parks known for their

potential to attract large crowds), will generally not be considered for acquisition.

Criteria 4- Communications An urban setting that provides connectivity to public

transportation and infrastructure, making the mission accessible to visitors and

clients.

Criteria 5- Planning/Zoning Roadway adjacencies and site geometry that allow for clear

separation of embassy and consular functions, public circulation from employee and

service flows, and future expansion.

Criteria 6- Environmental attributes it shouldnt be in Geo-Hazard zone and areas facing

natural disaster.


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III.1.2.Site Option Description

Site1.2224 Paraiso corner Pasay, Dasmarinas Village, Makati City, Philippines

Owner: Islamic Republic of Iran

STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES THREATS

Near to MRT & Bus Adjacent to crowded,

polluted and noisy

road,EDSA.

Far from any Bank, ATM machine,

Conveniance store

None Adjacent to 1 road only

None One Exit/Entrance Residential Zone(against planning/zoning)

None Hight Limit zone Transportation adjacencies(against OBO)

Site2.448 EDSA, Guadalupe Viejo,Makati City, Philippines

Owner: Islamic Republic of Iran


Near toMRT & Bus Adjacent to crowded,

polluted and noisy

road,EDSA.

Far from any Bank, ATM machine,

Conveniance store

None Adjacent to 1 road only

None One Exit/Entrance Transportation adjacencies


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Site3.BLK. 11 Bonifacio North, Fort Bonifacio, Taguig City

Owner: Fort Bonifacio Development Corporation (FBDC)


Location None None

Development None None

Security None None

Communications None None

Planning/Zoning None None

Environmental attributes None None

Big enough for Cultural

Center + Consulate

None None

Site Matrix:

SITE CRITERIA

1

CRITERIA

2

CRITERIA

3

CRITERIA

4

CRITERIA

5

CRITERIA

6

TOTAL

1 1 0 2 2 1 2 8

2 0 1 1 1 1 2 6

3 3 3 3 2 3 3 17

Legend: 0Not Applicable / 1Satisfactory / 2Good / 3Excellent


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III.1.3.Site Selection and Justification

Base on the tables above and the Site Matrix, Site3. BLK. 11 Bonifacio North, Fort

Bonifacio, Taguig City is reaching to higher grade in terms of CriteriasScore so it is the best lot

among the other tow for the propose facility with the total grade of 17 out of 18 and with the big

difference to the other 2 sitesgrade.


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III.2.1.Site Evaluation and Analysis

III.2.1.The Macro Setting

Location: BLK. 11 Bonifacio North, Fort Bonifacio, Taguig City

Owner: Fort Bonifacio Development Corporation (FBDC)

The lot is originally Commercial, it s flat and vecant, ready for builing a structure.


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No Flood,

No Earthquake line,

Not adjacent to

heavy Industry zone


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Proposed lot:

Adjacent to Embassy

of Republic of

Singapore

Corner lot

Adjacent to 2-way

streets

Walking distance to

BGC-west route bus

stop

10min walk to Sm

Aura and 15min to

Market-Market

III.2.2.The Micro Setting


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Chapter III.3 Site Development Options

Site Analysis:

Area: 4,310 sq.m

No Flood

No Earthquake line

Not adjacent to heavy Industry zone

North


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Sample site development plan with 3 Entry/Exit

Why dose it need at least 3 Entrance/Exit ?

1stentry/exit: For Embassy and Consulate Staff and Personels

2nd

entry/exit: For Visitors of Consulate

3rd

entry/exit: For the use of Public and Cultural Centers users and visitors


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Site Development Plan (I)

Site Development Plan (II)


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References

Mohammad Amin Riahi , Sefaratkhaneh Iran

Natasha Dimitrova Guenova Natasha D. Guenova, FORM FOLLOWS VALUES.

Donna McIntire, Architect, Standard Embassy Design meets LEED, LEED U.S. Department of State

OBO/PE/DE/ADB SA-6 1701 N.

_Lum, E (2004) Architecture as Conceptual Art?, Harvard design magazine, Number 19, fall 2003/- Winter 2004.

Building Abroud No 69 Borrowing identity _AD Magazine (1999) No 63 _World Architecture ( 1998) No 5

_Architectural Record (1993) Architecture of Diplomacy Princetion Newyork 1998) ( Jane C _Loeffler

B,sen: Diplomats, Handbooks of international law andpractice, 3, ed, martinus -Nijhoff,1988._ BEN-ASHER:

Human Rights meet diplomatic immunities: problems and possiblesolutions Harvard Law School, SJD Candidate,

Harvard Law School; LL.M., November 2000 M.Juris., Oxford; LL.B.

Majid Yazdani and Shiva Sherafatniya, Characteristic of Overseas Architecture

INTERNET RESOURCES:

American Academy of Diplomacy www.academyofdiplomancy.org

American Institute of Architects www.aia.org

Center for Strategic and International Studies www.csis.org

U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Overseas Buildings Operations www.state.gov www.state.gov/obo

http://www.iranembassyjp.com

http://www.iranembassy.de

http://www.iranianconsulate.com


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Appendices

Site Location


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Slope Distribution

Category Slope Description

A 0-2%Level to nearly level

B 2-5% Gently sloping to gently undulating

C 5-8% Undulating to gently rolling

D 8-15% Gently rolling to rolling

SOURCE of raw data : BSWM

STRATEGIC LOCATION

CONCEPT DIAGRAM


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Land Use


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parastoo rajaei ,part 1,2 and 3 + appendics

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