1. 1. Paraphrasing and Embedding Information Mrs. Lynn Miller College Composition
2. 2. Objectives: Study paraphrasing examples to be able to paraphrase relevant research without plagiarizing content. Paraphrase a specific passage from a sample article without plagiarizing. Use templates to embed paraphrased information into your sentences using APA/MLA formatting without plagiarizing. Locate database resources on a chosen topic, paraphrase relevant information, and cite and format the embedded material with 100% accuracy.
3. 3. First: Read the passage in your source and Identify its main idea and list the details most relevant to your argument. Original: Serious sport has nothing to do with fair play. It is bound up with hatred, jealousy, boastfulness, disregard of all rules and sadistic pleasure in witnessing violence. In other words: it is war minus the shooting. (Source: George Orwell, The Sporting Spirit, The London Tribune, December 1945, reprinted: George Orwell. Shooting an Elephant, and Other Essays. (Secker and Warburg, 1950), 194as quoted online and published on Grounds for Argument (http://www.groundsforargument.org/drupal) accessed 25 June 2015 How to Paraphrase Fairly, Creative Commons, 1.)
4. 4. Look away from the original and write it out in your own words: Paraphrase: In his essay, The Sporting Spirit, George Orwell argues that sport can be just as violent as war. The idea of fair play, he says, is for serious athletes only a myth. They feel the same hateful and violent feelings as do soldiers in combat (194, as qtd. in Grounds for Argument, 1-2).
5. 5. Readers object if your paraphrase is only a quotation in disguise, like this one: Paraphrase Too Close to the Original: In his essay, The Sporting Spirit, George Orwell claims that sport has little to do with fair play. He says that sport leads to the same feelings of hatred, jealousy, boastfulness, and sadistic pleasure that comes from witnessing violence. Sport is combat without weapons (194, as qtd. in Grounds for Argument, 2).
6. 6. How to embed or introduce a paraphrase into your own sentences: Use a phrase, clause, or sentence as in the example above: In his essay, The Sporting Spirit, George Orwell argues Name the author of the source at the beginning or internally or at the end of the sentence Use templates from They Say/I Say: The Moves That Matter in Academic Writing Mention credentials, publication information Use verbs to reflect your judgement of the source Indicate whether the information is generally accepted as factual or contested
7. 7. Weaving elements of a quotation into your own sentences: Paraphrased information is underlined: George Orwell understood the intensity of the professional athlete better than most. We say we value sportsmanship, but for serious athletes sport has nothing to do with fair play. They are caught up in the same hatred, jealousy, boastfulness, disregard of all rules and sadistic pleasure experienced by those engaged in violence. For Orwell, sport is combat without the weapons (194, Grounds for Argument, 4).
8. 8. Additional Resources: Review of APA/MLA Documentation of Resources both in text and final pages: http://tutorials.sjlibrary.org/tutorial/plagiarism/index.htm http://library.acadiau.ca/tutorials/plagiarism/ https://owl.english.purdue.edu/ The source for most of this PowerPoint information and beyond: http://www.groundsforargument.org/drupal/evidence/sidebar/paraphrase Another Creative Commons source on paraphrasing and of particular notice is the instruction about patchwriting: http://content.easybib.com/students/research-guide/paraphrasing-patchwriting-direct- quotes/how-to-paraphrase/
9. 9. Your Turnupload to Google Docs-- Locate an article from a relevant database and write out the original information you would like to paraphrase; then, follow these steps to paraphrase the information and weave in quoted material. Provide MLA or APA citations as well. Upload this assignment to Google Docs in the shared folder.
10. 10. Blog Reflection: Consider by writing your thoughts about what makes research relevant and credible. In your paraphrased example, what claim does the paraphrase support, explain? Also, explain, how the paraphrase connects to either or both the thesis or paragraph topic.