paraphrasing- a reading comprehension skill
DESCRIPTION
Learn about the role of Paraphrasing in Reading ComprehensionTRANSCRIPT
Reading Comprehension SkillsReading Comprehension Skills
Paraphrasing
Paraphrasing means putting Paraphrasing means putting informationinformation into your own words into your own words
You can paraphrase: ◦A single word ◦A phrase or group of words◦A sentence or sentences◦An image ◦A chart◦A table or graph
WhyWhy paraphrase?paraphrase?
When we paraphrase…◦we demonstrate our comprehension
of a written text◦we demonstrate our comprehension
of a spoken text◦we enhance our understanding of a
text by putting it in our own wordsIf you can explain something in your
own words, then you have a good understanding of a topic
Characteristics Characteristics of a Good Paraphraseof a Good Paraphrase
A paraphrase must be correct.✓
A paraphrase must include your own words
A paraphrase must make sense.
Example Paragraph from a Example Paragraph from a Newspaper ArticleNewspaper Article
Notice key wordsNotice key words
Let’s look at our article again, but we will highlight key words and phrases:
The information at the bottom of the page is details
How to paraphrase?How to paraphrase?
Here are some ideas for creating your own words for the headline:
“Vancouver company creates GPS-enabled goggles to deliver instant feedback for skiing and snowboarding”
Synonyms
A synonym is a word that has the same meaning or a very close
meaning to the original word.Examples:
A synonym for Vancouver company is a local company. A synonym for GPS-enabled goggles is goggles with GPS A synonym for instant is immediate.
You do not have to change every word – certain key words cannot be changed
Our paraphrase now reads:
A local company creates goggles with GPS to deliver immediate feedback for skiing and snowboarding
How else do I paraphrase?How else do I paraphrase?
Grammar and Word Form Another idea is to change the grammar or word form:“Skiing and snowboarding has taken on a new high tech twist.”Could become:A new high tech innovation has been developed for skiers and
snowboarders
Note the active to the passive voice and the verb change: has taken on = has been developed
Note the the synonym for twist = innovation Note the word form change for skiing = skiers Note the word form change for snowboarding = snowboarders
Other Types of Documents: Graph Other Types of Documents: Graph ExampleExample
Highlighted InformationHighlighted Information
Paraphrased InformationParaphrased Information
Employment statistics remained fairly constant in September with a slight drop
Decrease in part time work was balanced with an increase in full time jobs
Young people aged 15-24 were especially affected.
Highlighted InformationHighlighted Information
ConclusionConclusion
When we paraphrase, we put parts of a text into our own words
Paraphrasing demonstrates understanding– if you can explain it in your own words, you have a good understanding of an idea or phrase
To paraphrase, use such techniques as synonyms, changing grammar and word forms
SourcesSources
http://www.slideworld.com/slideshows.aspx/The-Fundamentals-of-Summarizing-and-Paraphrasing-ppt-968465
www.quia.com http://www.statcan.gc.ca/subjects-sujets/labour-travail/lfs-epa/lfs-epa-
eng.htm http://communities.canada.com/vancouversun/blogs/techsense/archive/
2010/10/01/gps-enabled-goggles-deliver-instant-feedback-on-your-skiing-and-snowboarding.aspx?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+canada%2FiWCa+%28Digital+Life%29
www.esu.edu/~bsockman/PPT/paraphrasing.ppt
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