parametric design study of a power electronics package

10
Parametric Design Study of a Power Electronics Package Paul Paret National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Colorado IEEE ITherm Conference July 21-23, 2020 This presentation does not contain any proprietary, confidential, or otherwise restricted information.

Upload: others

Post on 25-Nov-2021

1 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Parametric Design Study of a Power Electronics Package

Paul ParetNational Renewable Energy Laboratory ColoradoIEEE ITherm ConferenceJuly 21-23 2020

This presentation does not contain any proprietary confidential or otherwise restricted information

NREL | 2

Background

Device

Metalized SubstrateSubstrate Attach

Base Plate

Die Attach

InterconnectEncapsulant

Enclosure

Terminal

Traditional Power Electronics Package

Maximum operating temperature ndash 150 deg C

Cree Wide Bandgap Device Package

Metalized Substrate

Sintered-Silver

Base Plate

Crack Propagation in Pressure-Assisted Sintered Silver

Photo Credit Gilbert Moreno

Photo Credit Paul Paret

NREL | 3

Objective

bull Investigate the impact of power electronics packaging materials and geometric design on the substrate attachndash Large-area attachndash Prone to thermal cycling

bull Typical substrate attach materials arendash Solders such as 63Sn37Pb SAC305 95Pb5Snndash Sintered silverndash Transient liquid phase alloys

bull Automotive power electronics package designndash Reduce cost weight and volumendash Improve thermal performance and reliability

NREL | 4

Modeling Setup

Material Properties

Experimental SampleBaseplate (Cu AlSiC Al)

Ceramic (Si3N4 Al2O3 AlN)

Metallization (Cu)

254 mm

254 mm

Solder layer (not visible) is between the backside Cu metallization (not visible) and the baseplate

bull Quarter-symmetry model (yellow dashed lines in top-left figure) used in simulations

bull Anand viscoplasticity constitutive model used to simulate deformation of the solder region

bull Thermal cycling profile bull -40degC to 150degCbull 5degCmin ramp ratebull 10 min dwell at extreme temperatures

Chart1

Aluminum (Al)
SAC305
Copper (Cu)
Aluminum Silicon Carbide (AlSiC)
Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃)
Aluminum Nitride (AlN)
Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄)
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)
219
216
158
684
82
45
28
221
216
16
704
82
45
28
223
216
163
724
82
45
28
225
216
165
744
82
45
28
227
216
167
764
82
45
28
229
216
169
784
82
45
28
231
216
171
804
82
45
28
233
216
173
824
82
45
28
235
216
175
844
82
45
28
237
216
177
864
82
45
28
239
216
178
884
82
45
28
241
216
18
904
82
45
28
243
216
182
924
82
45
28

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubstrateMatampThkVariation

30 C
130 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum (Al)
SAC305
Copper (Cu)
Aluminum Silicon Carbide (AlSiC)
Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃)
Aluminum Nitride (AlN)
Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄)
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)

NREL | 5

Strain Energy Density

Strain Energy Density Contour Plot

bull Strain energy densitycycle (volume-averaged at the corner region) was selected as the metric for comparison

NREL | 6

Impact of Baseplate amp Ceramic Material

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Copper AlSiC Al

Stra

in En

ergy

Den

sity

Cycl

e (M

Pa) Si ₃N₄ AlN Al₂O₃

Thickness of baseplate ndash 5 mm ceramic ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

C-SAM Images of SAC305 solder with AlSiC (top) and Cu (bottom) baseplates Images on the left and right were taken at 0 cycles and 500 cycles respectively

bull AlSiC baseplate offers superior reliability than its Cu or Al counterparts mainly due to the low coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch with the ceramic material

MatProperties

Chart1

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
1944981
1541321
0939798
0179141
0161197
0208441
392511
341359
2584948

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubThkVariation_Cu

30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubThkVariation_AlSiC

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

Sheet1

Sheet1

Al
Cu
AlSiC
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum
SAC305
Copper
AlSiC
Aluminum Oxide
Aluminum Nitride
Silicon Nitride
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)
30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
HD_Cu-6mm
RD_Cu-6mm
LD_Cu-6mm
RU_Cu-6mm
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate
987353
642122
-456024
-378683
923847
-251737
-446278
-289891
869985
-112436
-441644
-20142
826528
-16847
-437344
-113478
793482
-193562
-433352
-267531
76978
-205855
-429741
578289
753602
-212609
-426478
140228
742808
-215338
-423498
219073
735334
-212658
-42075
293273
729529
-210149
-4182
360442
724359
-208189
-415817
415434
719366
-206586
-413582
455625
714439
-205962
-411476
480927
709614
-206241
-409486
492206
70495
-207793
-407598
491329
700487
-210607
-405802
477676
696242
-214283
-404091
457667
692218
-218679
-402455
435372
688407
-223716
-40089
412034
684796
-229289
-399389
388742
681374
-23541
-397947
364831
678127
-242023
-39656
340941
675044
-248859
-395224
316071
672111
-256003
-393936
291533
669319
-263503
-392691
267453
666657
-271392
-391488
245001
664116
-280246
-390324
224053
661686
-289863
-389196
204748
659362
-300213
-388102
187481
657134
-311326
-387041
172615
654996
-32266
-38601
159572
652944
-335128
-385008
149148
65097
-348811
-384033
140519
64907
-363845
-383084
133235
647239
-379348
-382159
12711
645474
-396629
-381258
121626
643769
-414574
-380379
116827
642122
-434812
-379521
112569
-456024
-378683
108781

NREL | 7

Impact of Baseplate Thickness amp Footprint

Ceramic (Si3N4) thickness ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm Baseplate thickness ndash 5mm ceramic (Si3N4) ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

Thermal cycling profile - -40degC - 200degC

bull Thickness variation has a larger impact on solder joint reliability than footprintsize variation

Chart1

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
4578005
2194429
0180207
392511
1944981
0179142
315812
1631509
0177693
2275288
1238445
0175518
1295659
0758202
0172362
0476935
0298032
0167606

MatProperties

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubThkVariation_Cu

30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubThkVariation_AlSiC

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

Sheet1

Sheet1

Al
Cu
AlSiC
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum
SAC305
Copper
AlSiC
Aluminum Oxide
Aluminum Nitride
Silicon Nitride
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)
30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
HD_Cu-6mm
RD_Cu-6mm
LD_Cu-6mm
RU_Cu-6mm
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate
987353
642122
-456024
-378683
923847
-251737
-446278
-289891
869985
-112436
-441644
-20142
826528
-16847
-437344
-113478
793482
-193562
-433352
-267531
76978
-205855
-429741
578289
753602
-212609
-426478
140228
742808
-215338
-423498
219073
735334
-212658
-42075
293273
729529
-210149
-4182
360442
724359
-208189
-415817
415434
719366
-206586
-413582
455625
714439
-205962
-411476
480927
709614
-206241
-409486
492206
70495
-207793
-407598
491329
700487
-210607
-405802
477676
696242
-214283
-404091
457667
692218
-218679
-402455
435372
688407
-223716
-40089
412034
684796
-229289
-399389
388742
681374
-23541
-397947
364831
678127
-242023
-39656
340941
675044
-248859
-395224
316071
672111
-256003
-393936
291533
669319
-263503
-392691
267453
666657
-271392
-391488
245001
664116
-280246
-390324
224053
661686
-289863
-389196
204748
659362
-300213
-388102
187481
657134
-311326
-387041
172615
654996
-32266
-38601
159572
652944
-335128
-385008
149148
65097
-348811
-384033
140519
64907
-363845
-383084
133235
647239
-379348
-382159
12711
645474
-396629
-381258
121626
643769
-414574
-380379
116827
642122
-434812
-379521
112569
-456024
-378683
108781

NREL | 8

Impact of Ceramic and Metallization Thickness

Baseplate (Cu) thickness ndash 5 mm ceramic ndash 063 mm Baseplate (Cu) thickness ndash 5 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

bull Higher the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch higher the impact of stiffness variation is

Chart1

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
5883785555
4621163743
2015976646
5032819843
3964128758
1702700695
4089343403
322810827
1357954389
334128457
2641985648
1088452445
2743613918
217137708
08760311193

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubstrateMatampThkVariation

30 C
130 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
FootPrintVariation
Joint Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

NREL | 9

bull Reliability of a power electronics package is mainly determined by the CTE mismatch between the component layers

bull AlSiC baseplate offers superior reliability than Cu or Al baseplates

bull In addition to the CTE mismatch stiffness mismatch also plays a role but its impact is dependent on the inherent CTE mismatch

bull Thicker ceramic materials are not preferred however thicker metallization layers can improve the package reliability

Summary

wwwnrelgov

NRELPR-5400-77235

Thank You

This work was authored by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory operated by Alliance for Sustainable Energy LLC for the US Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No DE-AC36-08GO28308 Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Vehicle Technologies Office The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the US Government The US Government retains and the publisher by accepting the article for publication acknowledges that the US Government retains a nonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this work or allow others to do so for US Government purposes

Acknowledgments

Susan Rogers US Department of Energy

NREL EDT Task Leader

Sreekant NarumanchiSreekantNarumanchinrelgov Phone 303-275-4062

Team Members

Joshua Major (NREL)Douglas DeVoto (NREL)

For more information contact

Principal InvestigatorPaul ParetPaulParetnrelgovPhone 303-275-4376

Joint Length (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
244 302
204
164
124
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 063 0127 588
02 503
03 409
04 334
05 274
Al₂O₃ 063 0127 202
02 170
03 136
04 109
05 088
AlN 063 0127 462
02 396
03 323
04 264
05 217
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 025
032 302
05 435
063 503
075 551
1
Al2O3 025 077
032 100
05 146
063 170
075 187
1 212
AlN 025 189
032 242
05 344
063 396
075 432
1
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 340 023 697
Standard 5 302 022 600
4 254 022 486
3 195 021 354
2 122 020 208
1 051 019 084
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 -352E+06 -352 -0215523 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 -346E+06 -346 -0216828 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 -336E+06 -336 -0217984 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 -324E+06 -324 -0218968 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 -312E+06 -312 -0219805 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 -302E+06 -302 -0220532 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 -294E+06 -294 -0221183 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 -288E+06 -288 -0221777 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 -282E+06 -282 -0222326 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 -277E+06 -277 -0222839 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 -273E+06 -273 -0223321 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 -269E+06 -269 -0223776 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 -265E+06 -265 -0224206 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 -261E+06 -261 -0224615 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 -258E+06 -258 -0225005 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 -255E+06 -255 -0225378 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 -252E+06 -252 -0225735 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 -249E+06 -249 -0226077 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 -247E+06 -247 -0226406 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 -244E+06 -244 -0226724 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 -242E+06 -242 -022703 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 -240E+06 -240 -0227326 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 -238E+06 -238 -0227612 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 -236E+06 -236 -022789 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 -234E+06 -234 -0228159 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 -232E+06 -232 -022842 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 -230E+06 -230 -0228674 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 -228E+06 -228 -0228921 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 -227E+06 -227 -0229161 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 -225E+06 -225 -0229396 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 -224E+06 -224 -0229624 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 -222E+06 -222 -0229847 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 -221E+06 -221 -0230065 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 -220E+06 -220 -0230278 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 -218E+06 -218 -0230486 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 -217E+06 -217 -023069 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 -216E+06 -216 -0230889 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 -214E+06 -214 -0231085 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -431089 -043 -0231096 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 120E+06 120 -0230858 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 211E+06 211 -0230046 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 267E+06 267 -0228708 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 307E+06 307 -0226937 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 340E+06 340 -0224816 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 370E+06 370 -0222409 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 397E+06 397 -0219764 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 428E+06 428 -0216787 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 452E+06 452 -0213695 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 479E+06 479 -0210428 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 504E+06 504 -0207082 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 532E+06 532 -0203609 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 559E+06 559 -0200078 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 587E+06 587 -0196496 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 617E+06 617 -0192869 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 648E+06 648 -0189204 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 680E+06 680 -0185511 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 714E+06 714 -0181804 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 749E+06 749 -0178096 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 785E+06 785 -0174403 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 823E+06 823 -017074 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 863E+06 863 -0167122 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 904E+06 904 -0163563 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 947E+06 947 -0160075 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 992E+06 992 -0156671 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 104E+07 1039 -0153362 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 109E+07 1088 -0150159 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 114E+07 1139 -0147073 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 119E+07 1193 -0144111 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 125E+07 1249 -0141284 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 131E+07 1308 -0138599 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 137E+07 1370 -0136062 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 143E+07 1435 -0133679 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 150E+07 1502 -0131452 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 157E+07 1573 -0129385 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 165E+07 1648 -0127477 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 173E+07 1726 -0125725 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 166E+07 1661 -0125472 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 167E+07 1674 -0125206 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 167E+07 1670 -0124958 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 166E+07 1664 -0124728 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 166E+07 1659 -0124512 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 165E+07 1654 -0124309 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 165E+07 1650 -0124116 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 165E+07 1645 -0123931 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 164E+07 1641 -0123755 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 164E+07 1637 -0123585 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 163E+07 1633 -0123421 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 163E+07 1629 -0123263 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 163E+07 1625 -0123109 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 162E+07 1622 -0122961 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 162E+07 1618 -0122816 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 161E+07 1615 -0122676 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 161E+07 1611 -0122539 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 161E+07 1608 -0122406 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 160E+07 1604 -0122275 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 160E+07 1601 -0122148 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 160E+07 1598 -0122023 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 160E+07 1595 -0121901 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 159E+07 1592 -0121782 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 159E+07 1589 -0121665 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 159E+07 1586 -012155 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 158E+07 1583 -0121437 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 158E+07 1581 -0121326 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 158E+07 1578 -0121217 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 158E+07 1575 -012111 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 157E+07 1573 -0121005 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 157E+07 1570 -0120901 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 157E+07 1567 -0120799 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 156E+07 1565 -0120699 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 156E+07 1562 -01206 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 156E+07 1560 -0120502 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 156E+07 1558 -0120406 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 156E+07 1555 -0120311 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 155E+07 1553 -0120218 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 137E+07 1369 -0120098 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 119E+07 1190 -0120046 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 101E+07 1011 -0120016 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 825E+06 825 -0119993 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 633E+06 633 -011997 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 432E+06 432 -0119945 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 225E+06 225 -0119931 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 196274 020 -0119958 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 -170E+06 -170 -0120062 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 -336E+06 -336 -0120281 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 -474E+06 -474 -0120653 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 -579E+06 -579 -0121212 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 -648E+06 -648 -0121978 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 -684E+06 -684 -0122956 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 -693E+06 -693 -0124137 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 -686E+06 -686 -0125506 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 -671E+06 -671 -0127054 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 -655E+06 -655 -0128785 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 -640E+06 -640 -0130708 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 -626E+06 -626 -013284 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 -612E+06 -612 -013519 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 -604E+06 -604 -0137897 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 -584E+06 -584 -0140753 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 -571E+06 -571 -0143885 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 -554E+06 -554 -0147246 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 -537E+06 -537 -0150812 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 -520E+06 -520 -0154576 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 -503E+06 -503 -0158545 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 -486E+06 -486 -0162729 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 -471E+06 -471 -0167139 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 -456E+06 -456 -0171788 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 -442E+06 -442 -0176691 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 -428E+06 -428 -0181865 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 -417E+06 -417 -0187438 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 -404E+06 -404 -0193251 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 -393E+06 -393 -0199455 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 -382E+06 -382 -020604 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 -372E+06 -372 -0212998 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 302
AlN 242
Al2O3 100
AlSiC Si3N4 0224
AlN 0181
Al2O3 0377
Al Si3N4 600
AlN 524
Al2O3 317
Substrate Dimensions (mm)
Si3N4 2322
AlN
Al2O3
Al baseplate (5mm) with metallization CTE on alumina calculated using Curamik formula - MPa
AlSiC baseplate (5mm) with alumina CTE as 68E-6 (from Curamik) - 025 MPa
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
0127 0127 0127
02 02 02
03 03 03
04 04 04
05 05 05
00276558 0031039 000426353 000346154
00279074 00310325 000422608 000345851
00281621 00309413 000418613 000345848
00284048 00306944 000414529 00034588
00286244 00303134 000410685 000345935
00288157 002986 00040712 000346213
00289786 00293428 000403798 000348785
00291169 00287691 000400682 000356746
00292362 00280983 000397746 000368678
00293422 00273982 000394969 000383575
00294392 00266435 000392334 000402226
00295298 00258482 000389824 0004251
00296155 00250235 000387428 000451869
00296969 00241633 000385135 000482161
00297748 00232901 000382935 000515605
00298494 00224002 000380821 000554802
0029921 0021499 000378786 000597029
002999 00205914 000376823 000643273
00300566 00196813 000374928 000693862
00301209 00187748 000373094 00074826
00301833 00178739 000371319 000807609
00302438 00169801 000369598 0008709
00303025 00160953 000367927 000939524
00303597 00152206 000366304 00101207
00304154 00143569 000364725 00108861
00304696 00135051 000363188 00116803
00305226 00126695 00036169 00125062
00305744 00118515 00036023 00133659
00306251 00110522 000358805 00142614
00306747 00102728 000357414 00151947
00307232 00095079 000356054 00161804
00307708 000876657 000354724 00172087
00308175 000805038 000353424 00182957
00308634 000736073 00035215 00194463
00309084 000668749 000350903 00206658
00309527 000604502 000349681 00219735
00309962 000542059 000348483 00233748
0031039 000483211 000347308 00248903
000426353 000346154 0026541
Cu-6mm
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain
22396 150 101E+07 1007 316E-02
22412 150 947E+06 947 318E-02
22427 150 895E+06 895 321E-02
22443 150 851E+06 851 324E-02
22459 150 817E+06 817 326E-02
22475 150 792E+06 792 328E-02
22491 150 774E+06 774 330E-02
22506 150 762E+06 762 331E-02
22522 150 754E+06 754 333E-02
22538 150 747E+06 747 334E-02
22554 150 742E+06 742 335E-02
22569 150 737E+06 737 336E-02
22585 150 732E+06 732 337E-02
22601 150 727E+06 727 338E-02
22617 150 723E+06 723 338E-02
22633 150 718E+06 718 339E-02
22648 150 714E+06 714 340E-02
22664 150 709E+06 709 341E-02
22680 150 705E+06 705 342E-02
22696 150 702E+06 702 342E-02
22712 150 698E+06 698 343E-02
22727 150 695E+06 695 343E-02
22743 150 691E+06 691 344E-02
22759 150 688E+06 688 345E-02
22775 150 685E+06 685 345E-02
22791 150 682E+06 682 346E-02
22806 150 680E+06 680 346E-02
22822 150 677E+06 677 347E-02
22838 150 675E+06 675 348E-02
22854 150 672E+06 672 348E-02
22869 150 670E+06 670 349E-02
22885 150 668E+06 668 349E-02
22901 150 666E+06 666 350E-02
22917 150 664E+06 664 350E-02
22933 150 662E+06 662 351E-02
22948 150 660E+06 660 351E-02
22964 150 658E+06 658 351E-02
22980 150 656E+06 656 352E-02
23040 145 -292E+06 -292 352E-02
23100 140 -120E+07 -1200 351E-02
23160 135 -175E+07 -1748 348E-02
23220 130 -197E+07 -1971 344E-02
23280 125 -209E+07 -2088 339E-02
23340 120 -215E+07 -2147 333E-02
23400 115 -217E+07 -2169 327E-02
23460 110 -214E+07 -2136 319E-02
23520 105 -209E+07 -2088 311E-02
23580 100 -206E+07 -2055 302E-02
23640 95 -204E+07 -2037 293E-02
23700 90 -203E+07 -2033 284E-02
23760 85 -204E+07 -2044 274E-02
23820 80 -207E+07 -2068 264E-02
23880 75 -210E+07 -2103 254E-02
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 244E-02
24000 65 -219E+07 -2188 233E-02
24060 60 -224E+07 -2239 223E-02
24120 55 -230E+07 -2295 213E-02
24180 50 -235E+07 -2355 203E-02
24240 45 -242E+07 -2419 193E-02
24300 40 -249E+07 -2485 183E-02
24360 35 -255E+07 -2555 173E-02
24420 30 -263E+07 -2628 163E-02
24480 25 -270E+07 -2704 154E-02
24540 20 -278E+07 -2785 144E-02
24600 15 -288E+07 -2882 135E-02
24660 10 -298E+07 -2985 126E-02
24720 5 -309E+07 -3094 118E-02
24780 0 -321E+07 -3210 109E-02
24840 -5 -333E+07 -3335 101E-02
24900 -10 -347E+07 -3469 930E-03
24960 -15 -361E+07 -3613 853E-03
25020 -20 -377E+07 -3770 780E-03
25080 -25 -393E+07 -3932 708E-03
25140 -30 -411E+07 -4111 639E-03
25200 -35 -431E+07 -4310 574E-03
25260 -40 -452E+07 -4517 511E-03
25276 -40 -442E+07 -4419 507E-03
25292 -40 -437E+07 -4373 503E-03
25307 -40 -433E+07 -4330 498E-03
25323 -40 -429E+07 -4289 494E-03
25339 -40 -425E+07 -4253 490E-03
25355 -40 -422E+07 -4220 486E-03
25371 -40 -419E+07 -4190 483E-03
25386 -40 -416E+07 -4162 480E-03
25402 -40 -414E+07 -4136 477E-03
25418 -40 -411E+07 -4113 474E-03
25434 -40 -409E+07 -4090 471E-03
25449 -40 -407E+07 -4069 468E-03
25465 -40 -405E+07 -4049 466E-03
25481 -40 -403E+07 -4030 463E-03
25497 -40 -401E+07 -4012 461E-03
25513 -40 -400E+07 -3995 459E-03
25528 -40 -398E+07 -3979 457E-03
25544 -40 -396E+07 -3963 454E-03
25560 -40 -395E+07 -3949 452E-03
25576 -40 -393E+07 -3934 450E-03
25592 -40 -392E+07 -3920 449E-03
25607 -40 -391E+07 -3907 447E-03
25623 -40 -389E+07 -3894 445E-03
25639 -40 -388E+07 -3882 443E-03
25655 -40 -387E+07 -3870 442E-03
25671 -40 -386E+07 -3858 440E-03
25686 -40 -385E+07 -3847 438E-03
25702 -40 -384E+07 -3836 437E-03
25718 -40 -383E+07 -3826 435E-03
25734 -40 -382E+07 -3816 434E-03
25749 -40 -381E+07 -3806 432E-03
25765 -40 -380E+07 -3796 431E-03
25781 -40 -379E+07 -3786 429E-03
25797 -40 -378E+07 -3777 428E-03
25813 -40 -377E+07 -3768 427E-03
25828 -40 -376E+07 -3760 425E-03
25844 -40 -375E+07 -3751 424E-03
25860 -40 -374E+07 -3743 423E-03
25920 -35 -282E+07 -2819 422E-03
25980 -30 -190E+07 -1897 422E-03
26040 -25 -979E+06 -979 422E-03
26100 -20 -735253 -074 422E-03
26160 -15 809E+06 809 423E-03
26220 -10 167E+07 1670 426E-03
26280 -5 249E+07 2487 435E-03
26340 0 325E+07 3254 448E-03
26400 5 393E+07 3933 465E-03
26460 10 446E+07 4463 486E-03
26520 15 482E+07 4823 511E-03
26580 20 502E+07 5023 541E-03
26640 25 508E+07 5081 574E-03
26700 30 502E+07 5023 611E-03
26760 35 485E+07 4847 654E-03
26820 40 462E+07 4617 700E-03
26880 45 437E+07 4374 752E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4124 809E-03
27000 55 387E+07 3870 871E-03
27060 60 362E+07 3617 938E-03
27120 65 336E+07 3359 101E-02
27180 70 310E+07 3104 109E-02
27240 75 285E+07 2853 117E-02
27300 80 261E+07 2615 125E-02
27360 85 239E+07 2390 134E-02
27420 90 218E+07 2181 144E-02
27480 95 199E+07 1994 153E-02
27540 100 183E+07 1832 164E-02
27600 105 170E+07 1696 174E-02
27660 110 158E+07 1583 185E-02
27720 115 149E+07 1490 197E-02
27780 120 141E+07 1408 209E-02
27840 125 134E+07 1337 222E-02
27900 130 128E+07 1278 236E-02
27960 135 123E+07 1226 251E-02
28020 140 118E+07 1181 267E-02
28080 145 114E+07 1142 284E-02
28140 150 111E+07 1106 303E-02
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
AlSiC 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Material CTE Elastic Modulus (GPa)
Cu 17E-05 115
Alumina 680E-06 370
AlN 450E-06 330
CTE of DBC 0000008115
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Side (mm) Cu Al AlSiC
508 302 600 022
558 353 719 023
608 383 793 023
658 405 848 023
708 422 890 024
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB -558 Cu 352
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si3N4 063 0127 044
02 031
03 022
04 018
05 019
Al2O3 063 0127 016
02 017
03 020
04 026
05 033
AlN 063 0127 026
02 020
03 017
04 018
05 020
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 386
02 328
03 264
04 213
05 172
Al2O3 063 0127 181
02 154
03 124
04 099
05 079
AlN 063 0127 301
02 256
03 206
04 166
05 134
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 025 016
032 018
05 025
063 031
075 037
1 046
Al₂O₃ 025 023
032 021
05 018
063 017
075 017
1 016
AlN 025 016
032 016
05 018
063 020
075 022
1 026
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 025 150
032 194
05 283
063 328
075 360
1 403
Al₂O₃ 025 073
032 094
05 134
063 154
075 168
1 186
AlN 025 120
032 154
05 222
063 256
075 280
1 312
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 219 018 458
Standard 5 194 018 393
4 163 018 316
3 124 018 228
2 076 017 130
1 030 017 048
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 987E+06 987 277E-02 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 924E+06 924 279E-02 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 870E+06 870 282E-02 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 827E+06 827 284E-02 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 793E+06 793 286E-02 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 770E+06 770 288E-02 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 754E+06 754 290E-02 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 743E+06 743 291E-02 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 735E+06 735 292E-02 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 730E+06 730 293E-02 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 724E+06 724 294E-02 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 719E+06 719 295E-02 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 714E+06 714 296E-02 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 710E+06 710 297E-02 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 705E+06 705 298E-02 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 700E+06 700 298E-02 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 696E+06 696 299E-02 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 692E+06 692 300E-02 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 688E+06 688 301E-02 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 685E+06 685 301E-02 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 681E+06 681 302E-02 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 678E+06 678 302E-02 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 675E+06 675 303E-02 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 672E+06 672 304E-02 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 669E+06 669 304E-02 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 667E+06 667 305E-02 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 664E+06 664 305E-02 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 662E+06 662 306E-02 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 659E+06 659 306E-02 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 657E+06 657 307E-02 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 655E+06 655 307E-02 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 653E+06 653 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 651E+06 651 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 649E+06 649 309E-02 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 647E+06 647 309E-02 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 645E+06 645 310E-02 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 644E+06 644 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 642E+06 642 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -252E+06 -252 310E-02 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 -112E+07 -1124 309E-02 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 -168E+07 -1685 307E-02 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 -194E+07 -1936 303E-02 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 -206E+07 -2059 299E-02 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 -213E+07 -2126 293E-02 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 -215E+07 -2153 288E-02 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 -213E+07 -2127 281E-02 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 -210E+07 -2101 274E-02 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 -208E+07 -2082 266E-02 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 -207E+07 -2066 258E-02 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 -206E+07 -2060 250E-02 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 -206E+07 -2062 242E-02 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 -208E+07 -2078 233E-02 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 -211E+07 -2106 224E-02 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 215E-02 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 -219E+07 -2187 206E-02 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 -224E+07 -2237 197E-02 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 -229E+07 -2293 188E-02 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 -235E+07 -2354 179E-02 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 -242E+07 -2420 170E-02 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 -249E+07 -2489 161E-02 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 -256E+07 -2560 152E-02 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 -264E+07 -2635 144E-02 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 -271E+07 -2714 135E-02 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 -280E+07 -2802 127E-02 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 -290E+07 -2899 119E-02 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 -300E+07 -3002 111E-02 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 -311E+07 -3113 103E-02 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 -323E+07 -3227 951E-03 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 -335E+07 -3351 877E-03 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 -349E+07 -3488 805E-03 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 -364E+07 -3638 736E-03 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 -379E+07 -3793 669E-03 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 -397E+07 -3966 605E-03 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 -415E+07 -4146 542E-03 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 -435E+07 -4348 483E-03 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 -456E+07 -4560 426E-03 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 -446E+07 -4463 423E-03 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 -442E+07 -4416 419E-03 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 -437E+07 -4373 415E-03 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 -433E+07 -4334 411E-03 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 -430E+07 -4297 407E-03 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 -426E+07 -4265 404E-03 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 -423E+07 -4235 401E-03 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 -421E+07 -4208 398E-03 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 -418E+07 -4182 395E-03 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 -416E+07 -4158 392E-03 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 -414E+07 -4136 390E-03 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 -411E+07 -4115 387E-03 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 -409E+07 -4095 385E-03 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 -408E+07 -4076 383E-03 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 -406E+07 -4058 381E-03 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 -404E+07 -4041 379E-03 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 -402E+07 -4025 377E-03 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 -401E+07 -4009 375E-03 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 -399E+07 -3994 373E-03 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 -398E+07 -3979 371E-03 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 -397E+07 -3966 370E-03 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 -395E+07 -3952 368E-03 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 -394E+07 -3939 366E-03 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 -393E+07 -3927 365E-03 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 -391E+07 -3915 363E-03 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 -390E+07 -3903 362E-03 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 -389E+07 -3892 360E-03 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 -388E+07 -3881 359E-03 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 -387E+07 -3870 357E-03 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 -386E+07 -3860 356E-03 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 -385E+07 -3850 355E-03 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 -384E+07 -3840 353E-03 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 -383E+07 -3831 352E-03 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 -382E+07 -3822 351E-03 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 -381E+07 -3813 350E-03 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 -380E+07 -3804 348E-03 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 -380E+07 -3795 347E-03 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 -379E+07 -3787 346E-03 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 -290E+07 -2899 346E-03 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 -201E+07 -2014 346E-03 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 -113E+07 -1135 346E-03 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 -268E+06 -268 346E-03 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 578E+06 578 346E-03 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 140E+07 1402 349E-03 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 219E+07 2191 357E-03 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 293E+07 2933 369E-03 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 360E+07 3604 384E-03 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 415E+07 4154 402E-03 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 456E+07 4556 425E-03 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 481E+07 4809 452E-03 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 492E+07 4922 482E-03 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 491E+07 4913 516E-03 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 478E+07 4777 555E-03 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 458E+07 4577 597E-03 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 435E+07 4354 643E-03 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4120 694E-03 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 389E+07 3887 748E-03 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 365E+07 3648 808E-03 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 341E+07 3409 871E-03 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 316E+07 3161 940E-03 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 292E+07 2915 101E-02 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 267E+07 2675 109E-02 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 245E+07 2450 117E-02 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 224E+07 2241 125E-02 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 205E+07 2047 134E-02 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 187E+07 1875 143E-02 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 173E+07 1726 152E-02 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 160E+07 1596 162E-02 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 149E+07 1491 172E-02 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 141E+07 1405 183E-02 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 133E+07 1332 194E-02 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 127E+07 1271 207E-02 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 122E+07 1216 220E-02 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 117E+07 1168 234E-02 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 113E+07 1126 249E-02 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 109E+07 1088 265E-02 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 194
AlN 154
Al2O3 094
AlSiC Si3N4 0179
AlN 0161
Al2O3 0208
Al Si3N4 393
AlN 341
Al2O3 258
Trials SEDCycle (MPa)
AlSiC-Al2O3 Al2O3 elastic modulus is same as Si3N4 0226
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
Substrate Dimensions (mm) Elastic Modulus (GPa) Poissons Ratio CTE (ppmdegC) Remarks
Si3N4 2322 300 028 28 KyoceraRogers
AlN 330 024 45 Accuratus
Al2O3 360 021 72 Kyocera
6 6 6
5 5 5
4 4 4
3 3 3
2 2 2
1 1 1
00276558 0031039 000426353 000346154
00279074 00310325 000422608 000345851
00281621 00309413 000418613 000345848
00284048 00306944 000414529 00034588
00286244 00303134 000410685 000345935
00288157 002986 00040712 000346213
00289786 00293428 000403798 000348785
00291169 00287691 000400682 000356746
00292362 00280983 000397746 000368678
00293422 00273982 000394969 000383575
00294392 00266435 000392334 000402226
00295298 00258482 000389824 0004251
00296155 00250235 000387428 000451869
00296969 00241633 000385135 000482161
00297748 00232901 000382935 000515605
00298494 00224002 000380821 000554802
0029921 0021499 000378786 000597029
002999 00205914 000376823 000643273
00300566 00196813 000374928 000693862
00301209 00187748 000373094 00074826
00301833 00178739 000371319 000807609
00302438 00169801 000369598 0008709
00303025 00160953 000367927 000939524
00303597 00152206 000366304 00101207
00304154 00143569 000364725 00108861
00304696 00135051 000363188 00116803
00305226 00126695 00036169 00125062
00305744 00118515 00036023 00133659
00306251 00110522 000358805 00142614
00306747 00102728 000357414 00151947
00307232 00095079 000356054 00161804
00307708 000876657 000354724 00172087
00308175 000805038 000353424 00182957
00308634 000736073 00035215 00194463
00309084 000668749 000350903 00206658
00309527 000604502 000349681 00219735
00309962 000542059 000348483 00233748
0031039 000483211 000347308 00248903
000426353 000346154 0026541
Cu-6mm
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain
22396 150 101E+07 1007 316E-02
22412 150 947E+06 947 318E-02
22427 150 895E+06 895 321E-02
22443 150 851E+06 851 324E-02
22459 150 817E+06 817 326E-02
22475 150 792E+06 792 328E-02
22491 150 774E+06 774 330E-02
22506 150 762E+06 762 331E-02
22522 150 754E+06 754 333E-02
22538 150 747E+06 747 334E-02
22554 150 742E+06 742 335E-02
22569 150 737E+06 737 336E-02
22585 150 732E+06 732 337E-02
22601 150 727E+06 727 338E-02
22617 150 723E+06 723 338E-02
22633 150 718E+06 718 339E-02
22648 150 714E+06 714 340E-02
22664 150 709E+06 709 341E-02
22680 150 705E+06 705 342E-02
22696 150 702E+06 702 342E-02
22712 150 698E+06 698 343E-02
22727 150 695E+06 695 343E-02
22743 150 691E+06 691 344E-02
22759 150 688E+06 688 345E-02
22775 150 685E+06 685 345E-02
22791 150 682E+06 682 346E-02
22806 150 680E+06 680 346E-02
22822 150 677E+06 677 347E-02
22838 150 675E+06 675 348E-02
22854 150 672E+06 672 348E-02
22869 150 670E+06 670 349E-02
22885 150 668E+06 668 349E-02
22901 150 666E+06 666 350E-02
22917 150 664E+06 664 350E-02
22933 150 662E+06 662 351E-02
22948 150 660E+06 660 351E-02
22964 150 658E+06 658 351E-02
22980 150 656E+06 656 352E-02
23040 145 -292E+06 -292 352E-02
23100 140 -120E+07 -1200 351E-02
23160 135 -175E+07 -1748 348E-02
23220 130 -197E+07 -1971 344E-02
23280 125 -209E+07 -2088 339E-02
23340 120 -215E+07 -2147 333E-02
23400 115 -217E+07 -2169 327E-02
23460 110 -214E+07 -2136 319E-02
23520 105 -209E+07 -2088 311E-02
23580 100 -206E+07 -2055 302E-02
23640 95 -204E+07 -2037 293E-02
23700 90 -203E+07 -2033 284E-02
23760 85 -204E+07 -2044 274E-02
23820 80 -207E+07 -2068 264E-02
23880 75 -210E+07 -2103 254E-02
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 244E-02
24000 65 -219E+07 -2188 233E-02
24060 60 -224E+07 -2239 223E-02
24120 55 -230E+07 -2295 213E-02
24180 50 -235E+07 -2355 203E-02
24240 45 -242E+07 -2419 193E-02
24300 40 -249E+07 -2485 183E-02
24360 35 -255E+07 -2555 173E-02
24420 30 -263E+07 -2628 163E-02
24480 25 -270E+07 -2704 154E-02
24540 20 -278E+07 -2785 144E-02
24600 15 -288E+07 -2882 135E-02
24660 10 -298E+07 -2985 126E-02
24720 5 -309E+07 -3094 118E-02
24780 0 -321E+07 -3210 109E-02
24840 -5 -333E+07 -3335 101E-02
24900 -10 -347E+07 -3469 930E-03
24960 -15 -361E+07 -3613 853E-03
25020 -20 -377E+07 -3770 780E-03
25080 -25 -393E+07 -3932 708E-03
25140 -30 -411E+07 -4111 639E-03
25200 -35 -431E+07 -4310 574E-03
25260 -40 -452E+07 -4517 511E-03
25276 -40 -442E+07 -4419 507E-03
25292 -40 -437E+07 -4373 503E-03
25307 -40 -433E+07 -4330 498E-03
25323 -40 -429E+07 -4289 494E-03
25339 -40 -425E+07 -4253 490E-03
25355 -40 -422E+07 -4220 486E-03
25371 -40 -419E+07 -4190 483E-03
25386 -40 -416E+07 -4162 480E-03
25402 -40 -414E+07 -4136 477E-03
25418 -40 -411E+07 -4113 474E-03
25434 -40 -409E+07 -4090 471E-03
25449 -40 -407E+07 -4069 468E-03
25465 -40 -405E+07 -4049 466E-03
25481 -40 -403E+07 -4030 463E-03
25497 -40 -401E+07 -4012 461E-03
25513 -40 -400E+07 -3995 459E-03
25528 -40 -398E+07 -3979 457E-03
25544 -40 -396E+07 -3963 454E-03
25560 -40 -395E+07 -3949 452E-03
25576 -40 -393E+07 -3934 450E-03
25592 -40 -392E+07 -3920 449E-03
25607 -40 -391E+07 -3907 447E-03
25623 -40 -389E+07 -3894 445E-03
25639 -40 -388E+07 -3882 443E-03
25655 -40 -387E+07 -3870 442E-03
25671 -40 -386E+07 -3858 440E-03
25686 -40 -385E+07 -3847 438E-03
25702 -40 -384E+07 -3836 437E-03
25718 -40 -383E+07 -3826 435E-03
25734 -40 -382E+07 -3816 434E-03
25749 -40 -381E+07 -3806 432E-03
25765 -40 -380E+07 -3796 431E-03
25781 -40 -379E+07 -3786 429E-03
25797 -40 -378E+07 -3777 428E-03
25813 -40 -377E+07 -3768 427E-03
25828 -40 -376E+07 -3760 425E-03
25844 -40 -375E+07 -3751 424E-03
25860 -40 -374E+07 -3743 423E-03
25920 -35 -282E+07 -2819 422E-03
25980 -30 -190E+07 -1897 422E-03
26040 -25 -979E+06 -979 422E-03
26100 -20 -735253 -074 422E-03
26160 -15 809E+06 809 423E-03
26220 -10 167E+07 1670 426E-03
26280 -5 249E+07 2487 435E-03
26340 0 325E+07 3254 448E-03
26400 5 393E+07 3933 465E-03
26460 10 446E+07 4463 486E-03
26520 15 482E+07 4823 511E-03
26580 20 502E+07 5023 541E-03
26640 25 508E+07 5081 574E-03
26700 30 502E+07 5023 611E-03
26760 35 485E+07 4847 654E-03
26820 40 462E+07 4617 700E-03
26880 45 437E+07 4374 752E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4124 809E-03
27000 55 387E+07 3870 871E-03
27060 60 362E+07 3617 938E-03
27120 65 336E+07 3359 101E-02
27180 70 310E+07 3104 109E-02
27240 75 285E+07 2853 117E-02
27300 80 261E+07 2615 125E-02
27360 85 239E+07 2390 134E-02
27420 90 218E+07 2181 144E-02
27480 95 199E+07 1994 153E-02
27540 100 183E+07 1832 164E-02
27600 105 170E+07 1696 174E-02
27660 110 158E+07 1583 185E-02
27720 115 149E+07 1490 197E-02
27780 120 141E+07 1408 209E-02
27840 125 134E+07 1337 222E-02
27900 130 128E+07 1278 236E-02
27960 135 123E+07 1226 251E-02
28020 140 118E+07 1181 267E-02
28080 145 114E+07 1142 284E-02
28140 150 111E+07 1106 303E-02
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
AlSiC 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Material CTE Elastic Modulus (GPa)
Cu 17E-05 115
Alumina 680E-06 370
AlN 450E-06 330
CTE of DBC 0000008115
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Side (mm) Cu Al AlSiC
508 302 600 022
558 353 719 023
608 383 793 023
658 405 848 023
708 422 890 024
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB -558 Cu 352
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si3N4 063 0127 044
02 031
03 022
04 018
05 019
Al2O3 063 0127 016
02 017
03 020
04 026
05 033
AlN 063 0127 026
02 020
03 017
04 018
05 020
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 386
02 328
03 264
04 213
05 172
Al2O3 063 0127 181
02 154
03 124
04 099
05 079
AlN 063 0127 301
02 256
03 206
04 166
05 134
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 025 016
032 018
05 025
063 031
075 037
1 046
Al₂O₃ 025 023
032 021
05 018
063 017
075 017
1 016
AlN 025 016
032 016
05 018
063 020
075 022
1 026
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 025 150
032 194
05 283
063 328
075 360
1 403
Al₂O₃ 025 073
032 094
05 134
063 154
075 168
1 186
AlN 025 120
032 154
05 222
063 256
075 280
1 312
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 219 018 458
Standard 5 194 018 393
4 163 018 316
3 124 018 228
2 076 017 130
1 030 017 048
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 987E+06 987 277E-02 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 924E+06 924 279E-02 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 870E+06 870 282E-02 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 827E+06 827 284E-02 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 793E+06 793 286E-02 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 770E+06 770 288E-02 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 754E+06 754 290E-02 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 743E+06 743 291E-02 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 735E+06 735 292E-02 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 730E+06 730 293E-02 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 724E+06 724 294E-02 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 719E+06 719 295E-02 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 714E+06 714 296E-02 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 710E+06 710 297E-02 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 705E+06 705 298E-02 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 700E+06 700 298E-02 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 696E+06 696 299E-02 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 692E+06 692 300E-02 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 688E+06 688 301E-02 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 685E+06 685 301E-02 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 681E+06 681 302E-02 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 678E+06 678 302E-02 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 675E+06 675 303E-02 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 672E+06 672 304E-02 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 669E+06 669 304E-02 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 667E+06 667 305E-02 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 664E+06 664 305E-02 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 662E+06 662 306E-02 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 659E+06 659 306E-02 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 657E+06 657 307E-02 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 655E+06 655 307E-02 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 653E+06 653 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 651E+06 651 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 649E+06 649 309E-02 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 647E+06 647 309E-02 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 645E+06 645 310E-02 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 644E+06 644 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 642E+06 642 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -252E+06 -252 310E-02 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 -112E+07 -1124 309E-02 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 -168E+07 -1685 307E-02 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 -194E+07 -1936 303E-02 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 -206E+07 -2059 299E-02 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 -213E+07 -2126 293E-02 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 -215E+07 -2153 288E-02 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 -213E+07 -2127 281E-02 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 -210E+07 -2101 274E-02 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 -208E+07 -2082 266E-02 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 -207E+07 -2066 258E-02 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 -206E+07 -2060 250E-02 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 -206E+07 -2062 242E-02 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 -208E+07 -2078 233E-02 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 -211E+07 -2106 224E-02 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 215E-02 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 -219E+07 -2187 206E-02 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 -224E+07 -2237 197E-02 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 -229E+07 -2293 188E-02 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 -235E+07 -2354 179E-02 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 -242E+07 -2420 170E-02 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 -249E+07 -2489 161E-02 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 -256E+07 -2560 152E-02 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 -264E+07 -2635 144E-02 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 -271E+07 -2714 135E-02 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 -280E+07 -2802 127E-02 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 -290E+07 -2899 119E-02 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 -300E+07 -3002 111E-02 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 -311E+07 -3113 103E-02 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 -323E+07 -3227 951E-03 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 -335E+07 -3351 877E-03 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 -349E+07 -3488 805E-03 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 -364E+07 -3638 736E-03 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 -379E+07 -3793 669E-03 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 -397E+07 -3966 605E-03 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 -415E+07 -4146 542E-03 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 -435E+07 -4348 483E-03 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 -456E+07 -4560 426E-03 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 -446E+07 -4463 423E-03 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 -442E+07 -4416 419E-03 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 -437E+07 -4373 415E-03 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 -433E+07 -4334 411E-03 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 -430E+07 -4297 407E-03 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 -426E+07 -4265 404E-03 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 -423E+07 -4235 401E-03 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 -421E+07 -4208 398E-03 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 -418E+07 -4182 395E-03 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 -416E+07 -4158 392E-03 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 -414E+07 -4136 390E-03 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 -411E+07 -4115 387E-03 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 -409E+07 -4095 385E-03 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 -408E+07 -4076 383E-03 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 -406E+07 -4058 381E-03 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 -404E+07 -4041 379E-03 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 -402E+07 -4025 377E-03 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 -401E+07 -4009 375E-03 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 -399E+07 -3994 373E-03 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 -398E+07 -3979 371E-03 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 -397E+07 -3966 370E-03 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 -395E+07 -3952 368E-03 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 -394E+07 -3939 366E-03 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 -393E+07 -3927 365E-03 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 -391E+07 -3915 363E-03 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 -390E+07 -3903 362E-03 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 -389E+07 -3892 360E-03 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 -388E+07 -3881 359E-03 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 -387E+07 -3870 357E-03 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 -386E+07 -3860 356E-03 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 -385E+07 -3850 355E-03 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 -384E+07 -3840 353E-03 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 -383E+07 -3831 352E-03 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 -382E+07 -3822 351E-03 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 -381E+07 -3813 350E-03 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 -380E+07 -3804 348E-03 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 -380E+07 -3795 347E-03 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 -379E+07 -3787 346E-03 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 -290E+07 -2899 346E-03 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 -201E+07 -2014 346E-03 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 -113E+07 -1135 346E-03 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 -268E+06 -268 346E-03 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 578E+06 578 346E-03 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 140E+07 1402 349E-03 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 219E+07 2191 357E-03 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 293E+07 2933 369E-03 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 360E+07 3604 384E-03 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 415E+07 4154 402E-03 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 456E+07 4556 425E-03 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 481E+07 4809 452E-03 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 492E+07 4922 482E-03 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 491E+07 4913 516E-03 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 478E+07 4777 555E-03 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 458E+07 4577 597E-03 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 435E+07 4354 643E-03 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4120 694E-03 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 389E+07 3887 748E-03 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 365E+07 3648 808E-03 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 341E+07 3409 871E-03 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 316E+07 3161 940E-03 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 292E+07 2915 101E-02 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 267E+07 2675 109E-02 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 245E+07 2450 117E-02 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 224E+07 2241 125E-02 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 205E+07 2047 134E-02 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 187E+07 1875 143E-02 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 173E+07 1726 152E-02 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 160E+07 1596 162E-02 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 149E+07 1491 172E-02 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 141E+07 1405 183E-02 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 133E+07 1332 194E-02 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 127E+07 1271 207E-02 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 122E+07 1216 220E-02 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 117E+07 1168 234E-02 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 113E+07 1126 249E-02 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 109E+07 1088 265E-02 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 194
AlN 154
Al₂O₃ 094
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 0179
AlN 0161
Al₂O₃ 0208
Al Si₃N₄ 393
AlN 341
Al₂O₃ 258
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
Copper Copper Copper
AlSiC AlSiC AlSiC
Al Al Al
Substrate Dimensions (mm) Elastic Modulus (GPa) Poissons Ratio CTE (ppmdegC) Remarks
Si3N4 2322 300 028 28 KyoceraRogers
AlN 330 024 45 Accuratus
Al2O3 360 021 72 Kyocera
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper (Cu) 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum (Al) 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
Aluminum Silicon Carbide (AlSiC) 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄) 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride (AlN) 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃) 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Baseplate Side (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB
508 302
558 353 352
608 383
658 405
708
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 588
02 503
03 409
04 334
05 274
Al2O3 063 0127 202
02 170
03 136
04 109
05 088
AlN 063 0127 462
02 396
03 323
04 264
05 217
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 025 235
032 302
05 435
063 503
075 551
1 617
Al2O3 025 077
032 100
05 146
063 170
075 187
1 212
AlN 025 189
032 242
05 344
063 396
075 432
1 482
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 340 023 697
Standard 5 302 022 600
4 254 022 486
3 195 021 354
2 122 020 208
1 051 019 084
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 -352E+06 -352 -0215523 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 -346E+06 -346 -0216828 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 -336E+06 -336 -0217984 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 -324E+06 -324 -0218968 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 -312E+06 -312 -0219805 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 -302E+06 -302 -0220532 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 -294E+06 -294 -0221183 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 -288E+06 -288 -0221777 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 -282E+06 -282 -0222326 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 -277E+06 -277 -0222839 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 -273E+06 -273 -0223321 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 -269E+06 -269 -0223776 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 -265E+06 -265 -0224206 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 -261E+06 -261 -0224615 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 -258E+06 -258 -0225005 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 -255E+06 -255 -0225378 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 -252E+06 -252 -0225735 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 -249E+06 -249 -0226077 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 -247E+06 -247 -0226406 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 -244E+06 -244 -0226724 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 -242E+06 -242 -022703 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 -240E+06 -240 -0227326 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 -238E+06 -238 -0227612 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 -236E+06 -236 -022789 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 -234E+06 -234 -0228159 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 -232E+06 -232 -022842 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 -230E+06 -230 -0228674 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 -228E+06 -228 -0228921 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 -227E+06 -227 -0229161 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 -225E+06 -225 -0229396 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 -224E+06 -224 -0229624 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 -222E+06 -222 -0229847 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 -221E+06 -221 -0230065 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 -220E+06 -220 -0230278 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 -218E+06 -218 -0230486 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 -217E+06 -217 -023069 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 -216E+06 -216 -0230889 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 -214E+06 -214 -0231085 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -431089 -043 -0231096 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 120E+06 120 -0230858 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 211E+06 211 -0230046 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 267E+06 267 -0228708 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 307E+06 307 -0226937 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 340E+06 340 -0224816 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 370E+06 370 -0222409 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 397E+06 397 -0219764 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 428E+06 428 -0216787 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 452E+06 452 -0213695 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 479E+06 479 -0210428 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 504E+06 504 -0207082 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 532E+06 532 -0203609 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 559E+06 559 -0200078 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 587E+06 587 -0196496 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 617E+06 617 -0192869 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 648E+06 648 -0189204 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 680E+06 680 -0185511 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 714E+06 714 -0181804 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 749E+06 749 -0178096 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 785E+06 785 -0174403 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 823E+06 823 -017074 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 863E+06 863 -0167122 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 904E+06 904 -0163563 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 947E+06 947 -0160075 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 992E+06 992 -0156671 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 104E+07 1039 -0153362 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 109E+07 1088 -0150159 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 114E+07 1139 -0147073 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 119E+07 1193 -0144111 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 125E+07 1249 -0141284 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 131E+07 1308 -0138599 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 137E+07 1370 -0136062 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 143E+07 1435 -0133679 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 150E+07 1502 -0131452 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 157E+07 1573 -0129385 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 165E+07 1648 -0127477 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 173E+07 1726 -0125725 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 166E+07 1661 -0125472 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 167E+07 1674 -0125206 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 167E+07 1670 -0124958 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 166E+07 1664 -0124728 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 166E+07 1659 -0124512 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 165E+07 1654 -0124309 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 165E+07 1650 -0124116 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 165E+07 1645 -0123931 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 164E+07 1641 -0123755 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 164E+07 1637 -0123585 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 163E+07 1633 -0123421 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 163E+07 1629 -0123263 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 163E+07 1625 -0123109 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 162E+07 1622 -0122961 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 162E+07 1618 -0122816 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 161E+07 1615 -0122676 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 161E+07 1611 -0122539 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 161E+07 1608 -0122406 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 160E+07 1604 -0122275 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 160E+07 1601 -0122148 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 160E+07 1598 -0122023 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 160E+07 1595 -0121901 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 159E+07 1592 -0121782 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 159E+07 1589 -0121665 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 159E+07 1586 -012155 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 158E+07 1583 -0121437 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 158E+07 1581 -0121326 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 158E+07 1578 -0121217 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 158E+07 1575 -012111 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 157E+07 1573 -0121005 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 157E+07 1570 -0120901 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 157E+07 1567 -0120799 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 156E+07 1565 -0120699 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 156E+07 1562 -01206 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 156E+07 1560 -0120502 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 156E+07 1558 -0120406 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 156E+07 1555 -0120311 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 155E+07 1553 -0120218 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 137E+07 1369 -0120098 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 119E+07 1190 -0120046 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 101E+07 1011 -0120016 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 825E+06 825 -0119993 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 633E+06 633 -011997 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 432E+06 432 -0119945 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 225E+06 225 -0119931 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 196274 020 -0119958 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 -170E+06 -170 -0120062 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 -336E+06 -336 -0120281 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 -474E+06 -474 -0120653 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 -579E+06 -579 -0121212 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 -648E+06 -648 -0121978 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 -684E+06 -684 -0122956 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 -693E+06 -693 -0124137 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 -686E+06 -686 -0125506 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 -671E+06 -671 -0127054 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 -655E+06 -655 -0128785 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 -640E+06 -640 -0130708 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 -626E+06 -626 -013284 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 -612E+06 -612 -013519 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 -604E+06 -604 -0137897 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 -584E+06 -584 -0140753 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 -571E+06 -571 -0143885 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 -554E+06 -554 -0147246 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 -537E+06 -537 -0150812 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 -520E+06 -520 -0154576 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 -503E+06 -503 -0158545 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 -486E+06 -486 -0162729 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 -471E+06 -471 -0167139 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 -456E+06 -456 -0171788 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 -442E+06 -442 -0176691 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 -428E+06 -428 -0181865 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 -417E+06 -417 -0187438 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 -404E+06 -404 -0193251 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 -393E+06 -393 -0199455 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 -382E+06 -382 -020604 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 -372E+06 -372 -0212998 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 302
AlN 242
Al2O3 100
AlSiC Si3N4 0224
AlN 0181
Al2O3 0377
Al Si3N4 600
AlN 524
Al2O3 317
Substrate Dimensions (mm)
Si3N4 2322
AlN
Al2O3
Al baseplate (5mm) with metallization CTE on alumina calculated using Curamik formula - MPa
AlSiC baseplate (5mm) with alumina CTE as 68E-6 (from Curamik) - 025 MPa
AlSiC baseplate (5mm) with alumina CTE as 28E-6 (Si3N4) - 021 MPa
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
-40 -40 -40 -40 -40 -40 -40
-20 -20 -20 -20 -20 -20 -20
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 20 20 20 20 20 20
40 40 40 40 40 40 40
60 60 60 60 60 60 60
80 80 80 80 80 80 80
100 100 100 100 100 100 100
120 120 120 120 120 120 120
140 140 140 140 140 140 140
160 160 160 160 160 160 160
180 180 180 180 180 180 180
200 200 200 200 200 200 200

NREL | 2

Background

Device

Metalized SubstrateSubstrate Attach

Base Plate

Die Attach

InterconnectEncapsulant

Enclosure

Terminal

Traditional Power Electronics Package

Maximum operating temperature ndash 150 deg C

Cree Wide Bandgap Device Package

Metalized Substrate

Sintered-Silver

Base Plate

Crack Propagation in Pressure-Assisted Sintered Silver

Photo Credit Gilbert Moreno

Photo Credit Paul Paret

NREL | 3

Objective

bull Investigate the impact of power electronics packaging materials and geometric design on the substrate attachndash Large-area attachndash Prone to thermal cycling

bull Typical substrate attach materials arendash Solders such as 63Sn37Pb SAC305 95Pb5Snndash Sintered silverndash Transient liquid phase alloys

bull Automotive power electronics package designndash Reduce cost weight and volumendash Improve thermal performance and reliability

NREL | 4

Modeling Setup

Material Properties

Experimental SampleBaseplate (Cu AlSiC Al)

Ceramic (Si3N4 Al2O3 AlN)

Metallization (Cu)

254 mm

254 mm

Solder layer (not visible) is between the backside Cu metallization (not visible) and the baseplate

bull Quarter-symmetry model (yellow dashed lines in top-left figure) used in simulations

bull Anand viscoplasticity constitutive model used to simulate deformation of the solder region

bull Thermal cycling profile bull -40degC to 150degCbull 5degCmin ramp ratebull 10 min dwell at extreme temperatures

Chart1

Aluminum (Al)
SAC305
Copper (Cu)
Aluminum Silicon Carbide (AlSiC)
Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃)
Aluminum Nitride (AlN)
Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄)
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)
219
216
158
684
82
45
28
221
216
16
704
82
45
28
223
216
163
724
82
45
28
225
216
165
744
82
45
28
227
216
167
764
82
45
28
229
216
169
784
82
45
28
231
216
171
804
82
45
28
233
216
173
824
82
45
28
235
216
175
844
82
45
28
237
216
177
864
82
45
28
239
216
178
884
82
45
28
241
216
18
904
82
45
28
243
216
182
924
82
45
28

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubstrateMatampThkVariation

30 C
130 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum (Al)
SAC305
Copper (Cu)
Aluminum Silicon Carbide (AlSiC)
Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃)
Aluminum Nitride (AlN)
Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄)
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)

NREL | 5

Strain Energy Density

Strain Energy Density Contour Plot

bull Strain energy densitycycle (volume-averaged at the corner region) was selected as the metric for comparison

NREL | 6

Impact of Baseplate amp Ceramic Material

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Copper AlSiC Al

Stra

in En

ergy

Den

sity

Cycl

e (M

Pa) Si ₃N₄ AlN Al₂O₃

Thickness of baseplate ndash 5 mm ceramic ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

C-SAM Images of SAC305 solder with AlSiC (top) and Cu (bottom) baseplates Images on the left and right were taken at 0 cycles and 500 cycles respectively

bull AlSiC baseplate offers superior reliability than its Cu or Al counterparts mainly due to the low coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch with the ceramic material

MatProperties

Chart1

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
1944981
1541321
0939798
0179141
0161197
0208441
392511
341359
2584948

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubThkVariation_Cu

30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubThkVariation_AlSiC

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

Sheet1

Sheet1

Al
Cu
AlSiC
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum
SAC305
Copper
AlSiC
Aluminum Oxide
Aluminum Nitride
Silicon Nitride
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)
30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
HD_Cu-6mm
RD_Cu-6mm
LD_Cu-6mm
RU_Cu-6mm
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate
987353
642122
-456024
-378683
923847
-251737
-446278
-289891
869985
-112436
-441644
-20142
826528
-16847
-437344
-113478
793482
-193562
-433352
-267531
76978
-205855
-429741
578289
753602
-212609
-426478
140228
742808
-215338
-423498
219073
735334
-212658
-42075
293273
729529
-210149
-4182
360442
724359
-208189
-415817
415434
719366
-206586
-413582
455625
714439
-205962
-411476
480927
709614
-206241
-409486
492206
70495
-207793
-407598
491329
700487
-210607
-405802
477676
696242
-214283
-404091
457667
692218
-218679
-402455
435372
688407
-223716
-40089
412034
684796
-229289
-399389
388742
681374
-23541
-397947
364831
678127
-242023
-39656
340941
675044
-248859
-395224
316071
672111
-256003
-393936
291533
669319
-263503
-392691
267453
666657
-271392
-391488
245001
664116
-280246
-390324
224053
661686
-289863
-389196
204748
659362
-300213
-388102
187481
657134
-311326
-387041
172615
654996
-32266
-38601
159572
652944
-335128
-385008
149148
65097
-348811
-384033
140519
64907
-363845
-383084
133235
647239
-379348
-382159
12711
645474
-396629
-381258
121626
643769
-414574
-380379
116827
642122
-434812
-379521
112569
-456024
-378683
108781

NREL | 7

Impact of Baseplate Thickness amp Footprint

Ceramic (Si3N4) thickness ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm Baseplate thickness ndash 5mm ceramic (Si3N4) ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

Thermal cycling profile - -40degC - 200degC

bull Thickness variation has a larger impact on solder joint reliability than footprintsize variation

Chart1

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
4578005
2194429
0180207
392511
1944981
0179142
315812
1631509
0177693
2275288
1238445
0175518
1295659
0758202
0172362
0476935
0298032
0167606

MatProperties

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubThkVariation_Cu

30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubThkVariation_AlSiC

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

Sheet1

Sheet1

Al
Cu
AlSiC
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum
SAC305
Copper
AlSiC
Aluminum Oxide
Aluminum Nitride
Silicon Nitride
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)
30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
HD_Cu-6mm
RD_Cu-6mm
LD_Cu-6mm
RU_Cu-6mm
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate
987353
642122
-456024
-378683
923847
-251737
-446278
-289891
869985
-112436
-441644
-20142
826528
-16847
-437344
-113478
793482
-193562
-433352
-267531
76978
-205855
-429741
578289
753602
-212609
-426478
140228
742808
-215338
-423498
219073
735334
-212658
-42075
293273
729529
-210149
-4182
360442
724359
-208189
-415817
415434
719366
-206586
-413582
455625
714439
-205962
-411476
480927
709614
-206241
-409486
492206
70495
-207793
-407598
491329
700487
-210607
-405802
477676
696242
-214283
-404091
457667
692218
-218679
-402455
435372
688407
-223716
-40089
412034
684796
-229289
-399389
388742
681374
-23541
-397947
364831
678127
-242023
-39656
340941
675044
-248859
-395224
316071
672111
-256003
-393936
291533
669319
-263503
-392691
267453
666657
-271392
-391488
245001
664116
-280246
-390324
224053
661686
-289863
-389196
204748
659362
-300213
-388102
187481
657134
-311326
-387041
172615
654996
-32266
-38601
159572
652944
-335128
-385008
149148
65097
-348811
-384033
140519
64907
-363845
-383084
133235
647239
-379348
-382159
12711
645474
-396629
-381258
121626
643769
-414574
-380379
116827
642122
-434812
-379521
112569
-456024
-378683
108781

NREL | 8

Impact of Ceramic and Metallization Thickness

Baseplate (Cu) thickness ndash 5 mm ceramic ndash 063 mm Baseplate (Cu) thickness ndash 5 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

bull Higher the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch higher the impact of stiffness variation is

Chart1

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
5883785555
4621163743
2015976646
5032819843
3964128758
1702700695
4089343403
322810827
1357954389
334128457
2641985648
1088452445
2743613918
217137708
08760311193

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubstrateMatampThkVariation

30 C
130 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
FootPrintVariation
Joint Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

NREL | 9

bull Reliability of a power electronics package is mainly determined by the CTE mismatch between the component layers

bull AlSiC baseplate offers superior reliability than Cu or Al baseplates

bull In addition to the CTE mismatch stiffness mismatch also plays a role but its impact is dependent on the inherent CTE mismatch

bull Thicker ceramic materials are not preferred however thicker metallization layers can improve the package reliability

Summary

wwwnrelgov

NRELPR-5400-77235

Thank You

This work was authored by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory operated by Alliance for Sustainable Energy LLC for the US Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No DE-AC36-08GO28308 Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Vehicle Technologies Office The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the US Government The US Government retains and the publisher by accepting the article for publication acknowledges that the US Government retains a nonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this work or allow others to do so for US Government purposes

Acknowledgments

Susan Rogers US Department of Energy

NREL EDT Task Leader

Sreekant NarumanchiSreekantNarumanchinrelgov Phone 303-275-4062

Team Members

Joshua Major (NREL)Douglas DeVoto (NREL)

For more information contact

Principal InvestigatorPaul ParetPaulParetnrelgovPhone 303-275-4376

Joint Length (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
244 302
204
164
124
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 063 0127 588
02 503
03 409
04 334
05 274
Al₂O₃ 063 0127 202
02 170
03 136
04 109
05 088
AlN 063 0127 462
02 396
03 323
04 264
05 217
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 025
032 302
05 435
063 503
075 551
1
Al2O3 025 077
032 100
05 146
063 170
075 187
1 212
AlN 025 189
032 242
05 344
063 396
075 432
1
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 340 023 697
Standard 5 302 022 600
4 254 022 486
3 195 021 354
2 122 020 208
1 051 019 084
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 -352E+06 -352 -0215523 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 -346E+06 -346 -0216828 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 -336E+06 -336 -0217984 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 -324E+06 -324 -0218968 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 -312E+06 -312 -0219805 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 -302E+06 -302 -0220532 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 -294E+06 -294 -0221183 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 -288E+06 -288 -0221777 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 -282E+06 -282 -0222326 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 -277E+06 -277 -0222839 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 -273E+06 -273 -0223321 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 -269E+06 -269 -0223776 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 -265E+06 -265 -0224206 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 -261E+06 -261 -0224615 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 -258E+06 -258 -0225005 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 -255E+06 -255 -0225378 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 -252E+06 -252 -0225735 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 -249E+06 -249 -0226077 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 -247E+06 -247 -0226406 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 -244E+06 -244 -0226724 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 -242E+06 -242 -022703 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 -240E+06 -240 -0227326 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 -238E+06 -238 -0227612 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 -236E+06 -236 -022789 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 -234E+06 -234 -0228159 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 -232E+06 -232 -022842 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 -230E+06 -230 -0228674 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 -228E+06 -228 -0228921 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 -227E+06 -227 -0229161 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 -225E+06 -225 -0229396 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 -224E+06 -224 -0229624 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 -222E+06 -222 -0229847 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 -221E+06 -221 -0230065 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 -220E+06 -220 -0230278 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 -218E+06 -218 -0230486 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 -217E+06 -217 -023069 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 -216E+06 -216 -0230889 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 -214E+06 -214 -0231085 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -431089 -043 -0231096 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 120E+06 120 -0230858 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 211E+06 211 -0230046 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 267E+06 267 -0228708 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 307E+06 307 -0226937 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 340E+06 340 -0224816 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 370E+06 370 -0222409 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 397E+06 397 -0219764 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 428E+06 428 -0216787 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 452E+06 452 -0213695 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 479E+06 479 -0210428 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 504E+06 504 -0207082 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 532E+06 532 -0203609 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 559E+06 559 -0200078 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 587E+06 587 -0196496 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 617E+06 617 -0192869 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 648E+06 648 -0189204 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 680E+06 680 -0185511 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 714E+06 714 -0181804 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 749E+06 749 -0178096 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 785E+06 785 -0174403 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 823E+06 823 -017074 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 863E+06 863 -0167122 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 904E+06 904 -0163563 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 947E+06 947 -0160075 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 992E+06 992 -0156671 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 104E+07 1039 -0153362 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 109E+07 1088 -0150159 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 114E+07 1139 -0147073 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 119E+07 1193 -0144111 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 125E+07 1249 -0141284 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 131E+07 1308 -0138599 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 137E+07 1370 -0136062 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 143E+07 1435 -0133679 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 150E+07 1502 -0131452 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 157E+07 1573 -0129385 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 165E+07 1648 -0127477 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 173E+07 1726 -0125725 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 166E+07 1661 -0125472 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 167E+07 1674 -0125206 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 167E+07 1670 -0124958 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 166E+07 1664 -0124728 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 166E+07 1659 -0124512 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 165E+07 1654 -0124309 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 165E+07 1650 -0124116 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 165E+07 1645 -0123931 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 164E+07 1641 -0123755 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 164E+07 1637 -0123585 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 163E+07 1633 -0123421 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 163E+07 1629 -0123263 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 163E+07 1625 -0123109 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 162E+07 1622 -0122961 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 162E+07 1618 -0122816 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 161E+07 1615 -0122676 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 161E+07 1611 -0122539 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 161E+07 1608 -0122406 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 160E+07 1604 -0122275 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 160E+07 1601 -0122148 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 160E+07 1598 -0122023 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 160E+07 1595 -0121901 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 159E+07 1592 -0121782 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 159E+07 1589 -0121665 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 159E+07 1586 -012155 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 158E+07 1583 -0121437 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 158E+07 1581 -0121326 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 158E+07 1578 -0121217 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 158E+07 1575 -012111 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 157E+07 1573 -0121005 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 157E+07 1570 -0120901 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 157E+07 1567 -0120799 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 156E+07 1565 -0120699 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 156E+07 1562 -01206 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 156E+07 1560 -0120502 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 156E+07 1558 -0120406 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 156E+07 1555 -0120311 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 155E+07 1553 -0120218 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 137E+07 1369 -0120098 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 119E+07 1190 -0120046 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 101E+07 1011 -0120016 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 825E+06 825 -0119993 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 633E+06 633 -011997 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 432E+06 432 -0119945 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 225E+06 225 -0119931 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 196274 020 -0119958 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 -170E+06 -170 -0120062 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 -336E+06 -336 -0120281 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 -474E+06 -474 -0120653 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 -579E+06 -579 -0121212 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 -648E+06 -648 -0121978 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 -684E+06 -684 -0122956 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 -693E+06 -693 -0124137 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 -686E+06 -686 -0125506 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 -671E+06 -671 -0127054 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 -655E+06 -655 -0128785 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 -640E+06 -640 -0130708 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 -626E+06 -626 -013284 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 -612E+06 -612 -013519 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 -604E+06 -604 -0137897 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 -584E+06 -584 -0140753 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 -571E+06 -571 -0143885 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 -554E+06 -554 -0147246 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 -537E+06 -537 -0150812 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 -520E+06 -520 -0154576 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 -503E+06 -503 -0158545 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 -486E+06 -486 -0162729 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 -471E+06 -471 -0167139 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 -456E+06 -456 -0171788 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 -442E+06 -442 -0176691 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 -428E+06 -428 -0181865 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 -417E+06 -417 -0187438 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 -404E+06 -404 -0193251 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 -393E+06 -393 -0199455 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 -382E+06 -382 -020604 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 -372E+06 -372 -0212998 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 302
AlN 242
Al2O3 100
AlSiC Si3N4 0224
AlN 0181
Al2O3 0377
Al Si3N4 600
AlN 524
Al2O3 317
Substrate Dimensions (mm)
Si3N4 2322
AlN
Al2O3
Al baseplate (5mm) with metallization CTE on alumina calculated using Curamik formula - MPa
AlSiC baseplate (5mm) with alumina CTE as 68E-6 (from Curamik) - 025 MPa
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
0127 0127 0127
02 02 02
03 03 03
04 04 04
05 05 05
00276558 0031039 000426353 000346154
00279074 00310325 000422608 000345851
00281621 00309413 000418613 000345848
00284048 00306944 000414529 00034588
00286244 00303134 000410685 000345935
00288157 002986 00040712 000346213
00289786 00293428 000403798 000348785
00291169 00287691 000400682 000356746
00292362 00280983 000397746 000368678
00293422 00273982 000394969 000383575
00294392 00266435 000392334 000402226
00295298 00258482 000389824 0004251
00296155 00250235 000387428 000451869
00296969 00241633 000385135 000482161
00297748 00232901 000382935 000515605
00298494 00224002 000380821 000554802
0029921 0021499 000378786 000597029
002999 00205914 000376823 000643273
00300566 00196813 000374928 000693862
00301209 00187748 000373094 00074826
00301833 00178739 000371319 000807609
00302438 00169801 000369598 0008709
00303025 00160953 000367927 000939524
00303597 00152206 000366304 00101207
00304154 00143569 000364725 00108861
00304696 00135051 000363188 00116803
00305226 00126695 00036169 00125062
00305744 00118515 00036023 00133659
00306251 00110522 000358805 00142614
00306747 00102728 000357414 00151947
00307232 00095079 000356054 00161804
00307708 000876657 000354724 00172087
00308175 000805038 000353424 00182957
00308634 000736073 00035215 00194463
00309084 000668749 000350903 00206658
00309527 000604502 000349681 00219735
00309962 000542059 000348483 00233748
0031039 000483211 000347308 00248903
000426353 000346154 0026541
Cu-6mm
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain
22396 150 101E+07 1007 316E-02
22412 150 947E+06 947 318E-02
22427 150 895E+06 895 321E-02
22443 150 851E+06 851 324E-02
22459 150 817E+06 817 326E-02
22475 150 792E+06 792 328E-02
22491 150 774E+06 774 330E-02
22506 150 762E+06 762 331E-02
22522 150 754E+06 754 333E-02
22538 150 747E+06 747 334E-02
22554 150 742E+06 742 335E-02
22569 150 737E+06 737 336E-02
22585 150 732E+06 732 337E-02
22601 150 727E+06 727 338E-02
22617 150 723E+06 723 338E-02
22633 150 718E+06 718 339E-02
22648 150 714E+06 714 340E-02
22664 150 709E+06 709 341E-02
22680 150 705E+06 705 342E-02
22696 150 702E+06 702 342E-02
22712 150 698E+06 698 343E-02
22727 150 695E+06 695 343E-02
22743 150 691E+06 691 344E-02
22759 150 688E+06 688 345E-02
22775 150 685E+06 685 345E-02
22791 150 682E+06 682 346E-02
22806 150 680E+06 680 346E-02
22822 150 677E+06 677 347E-02
22838 150 675E+06 675 348E-02
22854 150 672E+06 672 348E-02
22869 150 670E+06 670 349E-02
22885 150 668E+06 668 349E-02
22901 150 666E+06 666 350E-02
22917 150 664E+06 664 350E-02
22933 150 662E+06 662 351E-02
22948 150 660E+06 660 351E-02
22964 150 658E+06 658 351E-02
22980 150 656E+06 656 352E-02
23040 145 -292E+06 -292 352E-02
23100 140 -120E+07 -1200 351E-02
23160 135 -175E+07 -1748 348E-02
23220 130 -197E+07 -1971 344E-02
23280 125 -209E+07 -2088 339E-02
23340 120 -215E+07 -2147 333E-02
23400 115 -217E+07 -2169 327E-02
23460 110 -214E+07 -2136 319E-02
23520 105 -209E+07 -2088 311E-02
23580 100 -206E+07 -2055 302E-02
23640 95 -204E+07 -2037 293E-02
23700 90 -203E+07 -2033 284E-02
23760 85 -204E+07 -2044 274E-02
23820 80 -207E+07 -2068 264E-02
23880 75 -210E+07 -2103 254E-02
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 244E-02
24000 65 -219E+07 -2188 233E-02
24060 60 -224E+07 -2239 223E-02
24120 55 -230E+07 -2295 213E-02
24180 50 -235E+07 -2355 203E-02
24240 45 -242E+07 -2419 193E-02
24300 40 -249E+07 -2485 183E-02
24360 35 -255E+07 -2555 173E-02
24420 30 -263E+07 -2628 163E-02
24480 25 -270E+07 -2704 154E-02
24540 20 -278E+07 -2785 144E-02
24600 15 -288E+07 -2882 135E-02
24660 10 -298E+07 -2985 126E-02
24720 5 -309E+07 -3094 118E-02
24780 0 -321E+07 -3210 109E-02
24840 -5 -333E+07 -3335 101E-02
24900 -10 -347E+07 -3469 930E-03
24960 -15 -361E+07 -3613 853E-03
25020 -20 -377E+07 -3770 780E-03
25080 -25 -393E+07 -3932 708E-03
25140 -30 -411E+07 -4111 639E-03
25200 -35 -431E+07 -4310 574E-03
25260 -40 -452E+07 -4517 511E-03
25276 -40 -442E+07 -4419 507E-03
25292 -40 -437E+07 -4373 503E-03
25307 -40 -433E+07 -4330 498E-03
25323 -40 -429E+07 -4289 494E-03
25339 -40 -425E+07 -4253 490E-03
25355 -40 -422E+07 -4220 486E-03
25371 -40 -419E+07 -4190 483E-03
25386 -40 -416E+07 -4162 480E-03
25402 -40 -414E+07 -4136 477E-03
25418 -40 -411E+07 -4113 474E-03
25434 -40 -409E+07 -4090 471E-03
25449 -40 -407E+07 -4069 468E-03
25465 -40 -405E+07 -4049 466E-03
25481 -40 -403E+07 -4030 463E-03
25497 -40 -401E+07 -4012 461E-03
25513 -40 -400E+07 -3995 459E-03
25528 -40 -398E+07 -3979 457E-03
25544 -40 -396E+07 -3963 454E-03
25560 -40 -395E+07 -3949 452E-03
25576 -40 -393E+07 -3934 450E-03
25592 -40 -392E+07 -3920 449E-03
25607 -40 -391E+07 -3907 447E-03
25623 -40 -389E+07 -3894 445E-03
25639 -40 -388E+07 -3882 443E-03
25655 -40 -387E+07 -3870 442E-03
25671 -40 -386E+07 -3858 440E-03
25686 -40 -385E+07 -3847 438E-03
25702 -40 -384E+07 -3836 437E-03
25718 -40 -383E+07 -3826 435E-03
25734 -40 -382E+07 -3816 434E-03
25749 -40 -381E+07 -3806 432E-03
25765 -40 -380E+07 -3796 431E-03
25781 -40 -379E+07 -3786 429E-03
25797 -40 -378E+07 -3777 428E-03
25813 -40 -377E+07 -3768 427E-03
25828 -40 -376E+07 -3760 425E-03
25844 -40 -375E+07 -3751 424E-03
25860 -40 -374E+07 -3743 423E-03
25920 -35 -282E+07 -2819 422E-03
25980 -30 -190E+07 -1897 422E-03
26040 -25 -979E+06 -979 422E-03
26100 -20 -735253 -074 422E-03
26160 -15 809E+06 809 423E-03
26220 -10 167E+07 1670 426E-03
26280 -5 249E+07 2487 435E-03
26340 0 325E+07 3254 448E-03
26400 5 393E+07 3933 465E-03
26460 10 446E+07 4463 486E-03
26520 15 482E+07 4823 511E-03
26580 20 502E+07 5023 541E-03
26640 25 508E+07 5081 574E-03
26700 30 502E+07 5023 611E-03
26760 35 485E+07 4847 654E-03
26820 40 462E+07 4617 700E-03
26880 45 437E+07 4374 752E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4124 809E-03
27000 55 387E+07 3870 871E-03
27060 60 362E+07 3617 938E-03
27120 65 336E+07 3359 101E-02
27180 70 310E+07 3104 109E-02
27240 75 285E+07 2853 117E-02
27300 80 261E+07 2615 125E-02
27360 85 239E+07 2390 134E-02
27420 90 218E+07 2181 144E-02
27480 95 199E+07 1994 153E-02
27540 100 183E+07 1832 164E-02
27600 105 170E+07 1696 174E-02
27660 110 158E+07 1583 185E-02
27720 115 149E+07 1490 197E-02
27780 120 141E+07 1408 209E-02
27840 125 134E+07 1337 222E-02
27900 130 128E+07 1278 236E-02
27960 135 123E+07 1226 251E-02
28020 140 118E+07 1181 267E-02
28080 145 114E+07 1142 284E-02
28140 150 111E+07 1106 303E-02
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
AlSiC 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Material CTE Elastic Modulus (GPa)
Cu 17E-05 115
Alumina 680E-06 370
AlN 450E-06 330
CTE of DBC 0000008115
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Side (mm) Cu Al AlSiC
508 302 600 022
558 353 719 023
608 383 793 023
658 405 848 023
708 422 890 024
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB -558 Cu 352
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si3N4 063 0127 044
02 031
03 022
04 018
05 019
Al2O3 063 0127 016
02 017
03 020
04 026
05 033
AlN 063 0127 026
02 020
03 017
04 018
05 020
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 386
02 328
03 264
04 213
05 172
Al2O3 063 0127 181
02 154
03 124
04 099
05 079
AlN 063 0127 301
02 256
03 206
04 166
05 134
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 025 016
032 018
05 025
063 031
075 037
1 046
Al₂O₃ 025 023
032 021
05 018
063 017
075 017
1 016
AlN 025 016
032 016
05 018
063 020
075 022
1 026
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 025 150
032 194
05 283
063 328
075 360
1 403
Al₂O₃ 025 073
032 094
05 134
063 154
075 168
1 186
AlN 025 120
032 154
05 222
063 256
075 280
1 312
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 219 018 458
Standard 5 194 018 393
4 163 018 316
3 124 018 228
2 076 017 130
1 030 017 048
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 987E+06 987 277E-02 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 924E+06 924 279E-02 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 870E+06 870 282E-02 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 827E+06 827 284E-02 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 793E+06 793 286E-02 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 770E+06 770 288E-02 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 754E+06 754 290E-02 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 743E+06 743 291E-02 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 735E+06 735 292E-02 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 730E+06 730 293E-02 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 724E+06 724 294E-02 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 719E+06 719 295E-02 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 714E+06 714 296E-02 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 710E+06 710 297E-02 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 705E+06 705 298E-02 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 700E+06 700 298E-02 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 696E+06 696 299E-02 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 692E+06 692 300E-02 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 688E+06 688 301E-02 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 685E+06 685 301E-02 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 681E+06 681 302E-02 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 678E+06 678 302E-02 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 675E+06 675 303E-02 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 672E+06 672 304E-02 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 669E+06 669 304E-02 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 667E+06 667 305E-02 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 664E+06 664 305E-02 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 662E+06 662 306E-02 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 659E+06 659 306E-02 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 657E+06 657 307E-02 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 655E+06 655 307E-02 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 653E+06 653 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 651E+06 651 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 649E+06 649 309E-02 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 647E+06 647 309E-02 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 645E+06 645 310E-02 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 644E+06 644 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 642E+06 642 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -252E+06 -252 310E-02 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 -112E+07 -1124 309E-02 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 -168E+07 -1685 307E-02 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 -194E+07 -1936 303E-02 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 -206E+07 -2059 299E-02 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 -213E+07 -2126 293E-02 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 -215E+07 -2153 288E-02 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 -213E+07 -2127 281E-02 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 -210E+07 -2101 274E-02 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 -208E+07 -2082 266E-02 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 -207E+07 -2066 258E-02 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 -206E+07 -2060 250E-02 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 -206E+07 -2062 242E-02 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 -208E+07 -2078 233E-02 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 -211E+07 -2106 224E-02 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 215E-02 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 -219E+07 -2187 206E-02 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 -224E+07 -2237 197E-02 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 -229E+07 -2293 188E-02 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 -235E+07 -2354 179E-02 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 -242E+07 -2420 170E-02 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 -249E+07 -2489 161E-02 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 -256E+07 -2560 152E-02 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 -264E+07 -2635 144E-02 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 -271E+07 -2714 135E-02 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 -280E+07 -2802 127E-02 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 -290E+07 -2899 119E-02 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 -300E+07 -3002 111E-02 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 -311E+07 -3113 103E-02 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 -323E+07 -3227 951E-03 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 -335E+07 -3351 877E-03 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 -349E+07 -3488 805E-03 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 -364E+07 -3638 736E-03 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 -379E+07 -3793 669E-03 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 -397E+07 -3966 605E-03 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 -415E+07 -4146 542E-03 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 -435E+07 -4348 483E-03 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 -456E+07 -4560 426E-03 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 -446E+07 -4463 423E-03 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 -442E+07 -4416 419E-03 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 -437E+07 -4373 415E-03 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 -433E+07 -4334 411E-03 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 -430E+07 -4297 407E-03 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 -426E+07 -4265 404E-03 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 -423E+07 -4235 401E-03 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 -421E+07 -4208 398E-03 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 -418E+07 -4182 395E-03 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 -416E+07 -4158 392E-03 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 -414E+07 -4136 390E-03 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 -411E+07 -4115 387E-03 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 -409E+07 -4095 385E-03 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 -408E+07 -4076 383E-03 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 -406E+07 -4058 381E-03 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 -404E+07 -4041 379E-03 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 -402E+07 -4025 377E-03 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 -401E+07 -4009 375E-03 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 -399E+07 -3994 373E-03 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 -398E+07 -3979 371E-03 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 -397E+07 -3966 370E-03 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 -395E+07 -3952 368E-03 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 -394E+07 -3939 366E-03 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 -393E+07 -3927 365E-03 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 -391E+07 -3915 363E-03 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 -390E+07 -3903 362E-03 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 -389E+07 -3892 360E-03 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 -388E+07 -3881 359E-03 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 -387E+07 -3870 357E-03 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 -386E+07 -3860 356E-03 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 -385E+07 -3850 355E-03 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 -384E+07 -3840 353E-03 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 -383E+07 -3831 352E-03 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 -382E+07 -3822 351E-03 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 -381E+07 -3813 350E-03 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 -380E+07 -3804 348E-03 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 -380E+07 -3795 347E-03 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 -379E+07 -3787 346E-03 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 -290E+07 -2899 346E-03 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 -201E+07 -2014 346E-03 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 -113E+07 -1135 346E-03 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 -268E+06 -268 346E-03 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 578E+06 578 346E-03 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 140E+07 1402 349E-03 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 219E+07 2191 357E-03 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 293E+07 2933 369E-03 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 360E+07 3604 384E-03 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 415E+07 4154 402E-03 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 456E+07 4556 425E-03 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 481E+07 4809 452E-03 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 492E+07 4922 482E-03 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 491E+07 4913 516E-03 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 478E+07 4777 555E-03 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 458E+07 4577 597E-03 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 435E+07 4354 643E-03 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4120 694E-03 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 389E+07 3887 748E-03 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 365E+07 3648 808E-03 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 341E+07 3409 871E-03 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 316E+07 3161 940E-03 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 292E+07 2915 101E-02 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 267E+07 2675 109E-02 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 245E+07 2450 117E-02 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 224E+07 2241 125E-02 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 205E+07 2047 134E-02 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 187E+07 1875 143E-02 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 173E+07 1726 152E-02 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 160E+07 1596 162E-02 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 149E+07 1491 172E-02 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 141E+07 1405 183E-02 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 133E+07 1332 194E-02 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 127E+07 1271 207E-02 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 122E+07 1216 220E-02 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 117E+07 1168 234E-02 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 113E+07 1126 249E-02 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 109E+07 1088 265E-02 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 194
AlN 154
Al2O3 094
AlSiC Si3N4 0179
AlN 0161
Al2O3 0208
Al Si3N4 393
AlN 341
Al2O3 258
Trials SEDCycle (MPa)
AlSiC-Al2O3 Al2O3 elastic modulus is same as Si3N4 0226
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
Substrate Dimensions (mm) Elastic Modulus (GPa) Poissons Ratio CTE (ppmdegC) Remarks
Si3N4 2322 300 028 28 KyoceraRogers
AlN 330 024 45 Accuratus
Al2O3 360 021 72 Kyocera
6 6 6
5 5 5
4 4 4
3 3 3
2 2 2
1 1 1
00276558 0031039 000426353 000346154
00279074 00310325 000422608 000345851
00281621 00309413 000418613 000345848
00284048 00306944 000414529 00034588
00286244 00303134 000410685 000345935
00288157 002986 00040712 000346213
00289786 00293428 000403798 000348785
00291169 00287691 000400682 000356746
00292362 00280983 000397746 000368678
00293422 00273982 000394969 000383575
00294392 00266435 000392334 000402226
00295298 00258482 000389824 0004251
00296155 00250235 000387428 000451869
00296969 00241633 000385135 000482161
00297748 00232901 000382935 000515605
00298494 00224002 000380821 000554802
0029921 0021499 000378786 000597029
002999 00205914 000376823 000643273
00300566 00196813 000374928 000693862
00301209 00187748 000373094 00074826
00301833 00178739 000371319 000807609
00302438 00169801 000369598 0008709
00303025 00160953 000367927 000939524
00303597 00152206 000366304 00101207
00304154 00143569 000364725 00108861
00304696 00135051 000363188 00116803
00305226 00126695 00036169 00125062
00305744 00118515 00036023 00133659
00306251 00110522 000358805 00142614
00306747 00102728 000357414 00151947
00307232 00095079 000356054 00161804
00307708 000876657 000354724 00172087
00308175 000805038 000353424 00182957
00308634 000736073 00035215 00194463
00309084 000668749 000350903 00206658
00309527 000604502 000349681 00219735
00309962 000542059 000348483 00233748
0031039 000483211 000347308 00248903
000426353 000346154 0026541
Cu-6mm
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain
22396 150 101E+07 1007 316E-02
22412 150 947E+06 947 318E-02
22427 150 895E+06 895 321E-02
22443 150 851E+06 851 324E-02
22459 150 817E+06 817 326E-02
22475 150 792E+06 792 328E-02
22491 150 774E+06 774 330E-02
22506 150 762E+06 762 331E-02
22522 150 754E+06 754 333E-02
22538 150 747E+06 747 334E-02
22554 150 742E+06 742 335E-02
22569 150 737E+06 737 336E-02
22585 150 732E+06 732 337E-02
22601 150 727E+06 727 338E-02
22617 150 723E+06 723 338E-02
22633 150 718E+06 718 339E-02
22648 150 714E+06 714 340E-02
22664 150 709E+06 709 341E-02
22680 150 705E+06 705 342E-02
22696 150 702E+06 702 342E-02
22712 150 698E+06 698 343E-02
22727 150 695E+06 695 343E-02
22743 150 691E+06 691 344E-02
22759 150 688E+06 688 345E-02
22775 150 685E+06 685 345E-02
22791 150 682E+06 682 346E-02
22806 150 680E+06 680 346E-02
22822 150 677E+06 677 347E-02
22838 150 675E+06 675 348E-02
22854 150 672E+06 672 348E-02
22869 150 670E+06 670 349E-02
22885 150 668E+06 668 349E-02
22901 150 666E+06 666 350E-02
22917 150 664E+06 664 350E-02
22933 150 662E+06 662 351E-02
22948 150 660E+06 660 351E-02
22964 150 658E+06 658 351E-02
22980 150 656E+06 656 352E-02
23040 145 -292E+06 -292 352E-02
23100 140 -120E+07 -1200 351E-02
23160 135 -175E+07 -1748 348E-02
23220 130 -197E+07 -1971 344E-02
23280 125 -209E+07 -2088 339E-02
23340 120 -215E+07 -2147 333E-02
23400 115 -217E+07 -2169 327E-02
23460 110 -214E+07 -2136 319E-02
23520 105 -209E+07 -2088 311E-02
23580 100 -206E+07 -2055 302E-02
23640 95 -204E+07 -2037 293E-02
23700 90 -203E+07 -2033 284E-02
23760 85 -204E+07 -2044 274E-02
23820 80 -207E+07 -2068 264E-02
23880 75 -210E+07 -2103 254E-02
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 244E-02
24000 65 -219E+07 -2188 233E-02
24060 60 -224E+07 -2239 223E-02
24120 55 -230E+07 -2295 213E-02
24180 50 -235E+07 -2355 203E-02
24240 45 -242E+07 -2419 193E-02
24300 40 -249E+07 -2485 183E-02
24360 35 -255E+07 -2555 173E-02
24420 30 -263E+07 -2628 163E-02
24480 25 -270E+07 -2704 154E-02
24540 20 -278E+07 -2785 144E-02
24600 15 -288E+07 -2882 135E-02
24660 10 -298E+07 -2985 126E-02
24720 5 -309E+07 -3094 118E-02
24780 0 -321E+07 -3210 109E-02
24840 -5 -333E+07 -3335 101E-02
24900 -10 -347E+07 -3469 930E-03
24960 -15 -361E+07 -3613 853E-03
25020 -20 -377E+07 -3770 780E-03
25080 -25 -393E+07 -3932 708E-03
25140 -30 -411E+07 -4111 639E-03
25200 -35 -431E+07 -4310 574E-03
25260 -40 -452E+07 -4517 511E-03
25276 -40 -442E+07 -4419 507E-03
25292 -40 -437E+07 -4373 503E-03
25307 -40 -433E+07 -4330 498E-03
25323 -40 -429E+07 -4289 494E-03
25339 -40 -425E+07 -4253 490E-03
25355 -40 -422E+07 -4220 486E-03
25371 -40 -419E+07 -4190 483E-03
25386 -40 -416E+07 -4162 480E-03
25402 -40 -414E+07 -4136 477E-03
25418 -40 -411E+07 -4113 474E-03
25434 -40 -409E+07 -4090 471E-03
25449 -40 -407E+07 -4069 468E-03
25465 -40 -405E+07 -4049 466E-03
25481 -40 -403E+07 -4030 463E-03
25497 -40 -401E+07 -4012 461E-03
25513 -40 -400E+07 -3995 459E-03
25528 -40 -398E+07 -3979 457E-03
25544 -40 -396E+07 -3963 454E-03
25560 -40 -395E+07 -3949 452E-03
25576 -40 -393E+07 -3934 450E-03
25592 -40 -392E+07 -3920 449E-03
25607 -40 -391E+07 -3907 447E-03
25623 -40 -389E+07 -3894 445E-03
25639 -40 -388E+07 -3882 443E-03
25655 -40 -387E+07 -3870 442E-03
25671 -40 -386E+07 -3858 440E-03
25686 -40 -385E+07 -3847 438E-03
25702 -40 -384E+07 -3836 437E-03
25718 -40 -383E+07 -3826 435E-03
25734 -40 -382E+07 -3816 434E-03
25749 -40 -381E+07 -3806 432E-03
25765 -40 -380E+07 -3796 431E-03
25781 -40 -379E+07 -3786 429E-03
25797 -40 -378E+07 -3777 428E-03
25813 -40 -377E+07 -3768 427E-03
25828 -40 -376E+07 -3760 425E-03
25844 -40 -375E+07 -3751 424E-03
25860 -40 -374E+07 -3743 423E-03
25920 -35 -282E+07 -2819 422E-03
25980 -30 -190E+07 -1897 422E-03
26040 -25 -979E+06 -979 422E-03
26100 -20 -735253 -074 422E-03
26160 -15 809E+06 809 423E-03
26220 -10 167E+07 1670 426E-03
26280 -5 249E+07 2487 435E-03
26340 0 325E+07 3254 448E-03
26400 5 393E+07 3933 465E-03
26460 10 446E+07 4463 486E-03
26520 15 482E+07 4823 511E-03
26580 20 502E+07 5023 541E-03
26640 25 508E+07 5081 574E-03
26700 30 502E+07 5023 611E-03
26760 35 485E+07 4847 654E-03
26820 40 462E+07 4617 700E-03
26880 45 437E+07 4374 752E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4124 809E-03
27000 55 387E+07 3870 871E-03
27060 60 362E+07 3617 938E-03
27120 65 336E+07 3359 101E-02
27180 70 310E+07 3104 109E-02
27240 75 285E+07 2853 117E-02
27300 80 261E+07 2615 125E-02
27360 85 239E+07 2390 134E-02
27420 90 218E+07 2181 144E-02
27480 95 199E+07 1994 153E-02
27540 100 183E+07 1832 164E-02
27600 105 170E+07 1696 174E-02
27660 110 158E+07 1583 185E-02
27720 115 149E+07 1490 197E-02
27780 120 141E+07 1408 209E-02
27840 125 134E+07 1337 222E-02
27900 130 128E+07 1278 236E-02
27960 135 123E+07 1226 251E-02
28020 140 118E+07 1181 267E-02
28080 145 114E+07 1142 284E-02
28140 150 111E+07 1106 303E-02
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
AlSiC 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Material CTE Elastic Modulus (GPa)
Cu 17E-05 115
Alumina 680E-06 370
AlN 450E-06 330
CTE of DBC 0000008115
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Side (mm) Cu Al AlSiC
508 302 600 022
558 353 719 023
608 383 793 023
658 405 848 023
708 422 890 024
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB -558 Cu 352
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si3N4 063 0127 044
02 031
03 022
04 018
05 019
Al2O3 063 0127 016
02 017
03 020
04 026
05 033
AlN 063 0127 026
02 020
03 017
04 018
05 020
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 386
02 328
03 264
04 213
05 172
Al2O3 063 0127 181
02 154
03 124
04 099
05 079
AlN 063 0127 301
02 256
03 206
04 166
05 134
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 025 016
032 018
05 025
063 031
075 037
1 046
Al₂O₃ 025 023
032 021
05 018
063 017
075 017
1 016
AlN 025 016
032 016
05 018
063 020
075 022
1 026
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 025 150
032 194
05 283
063 328
075 360
1 403
Al₂O₃ 025 073
032 094
05 134
063 154
075 168
1 186
AlN 025 120
032 154
05 222
063 256
075 280
1 312
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 219 018 458
Standard 5 194 018 393
4 163 018 316
3 124 018 228
2 076 017 130
1 030 017 048
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 987E+06 987 277E-02 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 924E+06 924 279E-02 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 870E+06 870 282E-02 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 827E+06 827 284E-02 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 793E+06 793 286E-02 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 770E+06 770 288E-02 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 754E+06 754 290E-02 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 743E+06 743 291E-02 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 735E+06 735 292E-02 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 730E+06 730 293E-02 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 724E+06 724 294E-02 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 719E+06 719 295E-02 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 714E+06 714 296E-02 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 710E+06 710 297E-02 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 705E+06 705 298E-02 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 700E+06 700 298E-02 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 696E+06 696 299E-02 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 692E+06 692 300E-02 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 688E+06 688 301E-02 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 685E+06 685 301E-02 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 681E+06 681 302E-02 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 678E+06 678 302E-02 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 675E+06 675 303E-02 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 672E+06 672 304E-02 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 669E+06 669 304E-02 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 667E+06 667 305E-02 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 664E+06 664 305E-02 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 662E+06 662 306E-02 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 659E+06 659 306E-02 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 657E+06 657 307E-02 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 655E+06 655 307E-02 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 653E+06 653 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 651E+06 651 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 649E+06 649 309E-02 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 647E+06 647 309E-02 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 645E+06 645 310E-02 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 644E+06 644 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 642E+06 642 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -252E+06 -252 310E-02 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 -112E+07 -1124 309E-02 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 -168E+07 -1685 307E-02 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 -194E+07 -1936 303E-02 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 -206E+07 -2059 299E-02 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 -213E+07 -2126 293E-02 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 -215E+07 -2153 288E-02 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 -213E+07 -2127 281E-02 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 -210E+07 -2101 274E-02 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 -208E+07 -2082 266E-02 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 -207E+07 -2066 258E-02 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 -206E+07 -2060 250E-02 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 -206E+07 -2062 242E-02 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 -208E+07 -2078 233E-02 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 -211E+07 -2106 224E-02 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 215E-02 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 -219E+07 -2187 206E-02 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 -224E+07 -2237 197E-02 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 -229E+07 -2293 188E-02 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 -235E+07 -2354 179E-02 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 -242E+07 -2420 170E-02 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 -249E+07 -2489 161E-02 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 -256E+07 -2560 152E-02 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 -264E+07 -2635 144E-02 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 -271E+07 -2714 135E-02 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 -280E+07 -2802 127E-02 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 -290E+07 -2899 119E-02 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 -300E+07 -3002 111E-02 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 -311E+07 -3113 103E-02 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 -323E+07 -3227 951E-03 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 -335E+07 -3351 877E-03 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 -349E+07 -3488 805E-03 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 -364E+07 -3638 736E-03 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 -379E+07 -3793 669E-03 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 -397E+07 -3966 605E-03 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 -415E+07 -4146 542E-03 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 -435E+07 -4348 483E-03 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 -456E+07 -4560 426E-03 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 -446E+07 -4463 423E-03 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 -442E+07 -4416 419E-03 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 -437E+07 -4373 415E-03 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 -433E+07 -4334 411E-03 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 -430E+07 -4297 407E-03 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 -426E+07 -4265 404E-03 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 -423E+07 -4235 401E-03 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 -421E+07 -4208 398E-03 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 -418E+07 -4182 395E-03 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 -416E+07 -4158 392E-03 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 -414E+07 -4136 390E-03 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 -411E+07 -4115 387E-03 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 -409E+07 -4095 385E-03 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 -408E+07 -4076 383E-03 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 -406E+07 -4058 381E-03 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 -404E+07 -4041 379E-03 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 -402E+07 -4025 377E-03 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 -401E+07 -4009 375E-03 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 -399E+07 -3994 373E-03 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 -398E+07 -3979 371E-03 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 -397E+07 -3966 370E-03 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 -395E+07 -3952 368E-03 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 -394E+07 -3939 366E-03 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 -393E+07 -3927 365E-03 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 -391E+07 -3915 363E-03 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 -390E+07 -3903 362E-03 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 -389E+07 -3892 360E-03 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 -388E+07 -3881 359E-03 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 -387E+07 -3870 357E-03 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 -386E+07 -3860 356E-03 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 -385E+07 -3850 355E-03 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 -384E+07 -3840 353E-03 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 -383E+07 -3831 352E-03 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 -382E+07 -3822 351E-03 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 -381E+07 -3813 350E-03 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 -380E+07 -3804 348E-03 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 -380E+07 -3795 347E-03 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 -379E+07 -3787 346E-03 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 -290E+07 -2899 346E-03 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 -201E+07 -2014 346E-03 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 -113E+07 -1135 346E-03 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 -268E+06 -268 346E-03 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 578E+06 578 346E-03 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 140E+07 1402 349E-03 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 219E+07 2191 357E-03 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 293E+07 2933 369E-03 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 360E+07 3604 384E-03 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 415E+07 4154 402E-03 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 456E+07 4556 425E-03 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 481E+07 4809 452E-03 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 492E+07 4922 482E-03 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 491E+07 4913 516E-03 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 478E+07 4777 555E-03 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 458E+07 4577 597E-03 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 435E+07 4354 643E-03 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4120 694E-03 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 389E+07 3887 748E-03 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 365E+07 3648 808E-03 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 341E+07 3409 871E-03 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 316E+07 3161 940E-03 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 292E+07 2915 101E-02 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 267E+07 2675 109E-02 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 245E+07 2450 117E-02 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 224E+07 2241 125E-02 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 205E+07 2047 134E-02 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 187E+07 1875 143E-02 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 173E+07 1726 152E-02 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 160E+07 1596 162E-02 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 149E+07 1491 172E-02 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 141E+07 1405 183E-02 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 133E+07 1332 194E-02 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 127E+07 1271 207E-02 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 122E+07 1216 220E-02 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 117E+07 1168 234E-02 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 113E+07 1126 249E-02 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 109E+07 1088 265E-02 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 194
AlN 154
Al₂O₃ 094
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 0179
AlN 0161
Al₂O₃ 0208
Al Si₃N₄ 393
AlN 341
Al₂O₃ 258
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
Copper Copper Copper
AlSiC AlSiC AlSiC
Al Al Al
Substrate Dimensions (mm) Elastic Modulus (GPa) Poissons Ratio CTE (ppmdegC) Remarks
Si3N4 2322 300 028 28 KyoceraRogers
AlN 330 024 45 Accuratus
Al2O3 360 021 72 Kyocera
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper (Cu) 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum (Al) 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
Aluminum Silicon Carbide (AlSiC) 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄) 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride (AlN) 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃) 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Baseplate Side (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB
508 302
558 353 352
608 383
658 405
708
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 588
02 503
03 409
04 334
05 274
Al2O3 063 0127 202
02 170
03 136
04 109
05 088
AlN 063 0127 462
02 396
03 323
04 264
05 217
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 025 235
032 302
05 435
063 503
075 551
1 617
Al2O3 025 077
032 100
05 146
063 170
075 187
1 212
AlN 025 189
032 242
05 344
063 396
075 432
1 482
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 340 023 697
Standard 5 302 022 600
4 254 022 486
3 195 021 354
2 122 020 208
1 051 019 084
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 -352E+06 -352 -0215523 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 -346E+06 -346 -0216828 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 -336E+06 -336 -0217984 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 -324E+06 -324 -0218968 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 -312E+06 -312 -0219805 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 -302E+06 -302 -0220532 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 -294E+06 -294 -0221183 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 -288E+06 -288 -0221777 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 -282E+06 -282 -0222326 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 -277E+06 -277 -0222839 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 -273E+06 -273 -0223321 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 -269E+06 -269 -0223776 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 -265E+06 -265 -0224206 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 -261E+06 -261 -0224615 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 -258E+06 -258 -0225005 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 -255E+06 -255 -0225378 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 -252E+06 -252 -0225735 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 -249E+06 -249 -0226077 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 -247E+06 -247 -0226406 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 -244E+06 -244 -0226724 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 -242E+06 -242 -022703 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 -240E+06 -240 -0227326 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 -238E+06 -238 -0227612 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 -236E+06 -236 -022789 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 -234E+06 -234 -0228159 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 -232E+06 -232 -022842 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 -230E+06 -230 -0228674 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 -228E+06 -228 -0228921 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 -227E+06 -227 -0229161 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 -225E+06 -225 -0229396 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 -224E+06 -224 -0229624 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 -222E+06 -222 -0229847 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 -221E+06 -221 -0230065 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 -220E+06 -220 -0230278 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 -218E+06 -218 -0230486 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 -217E+06 -217 -023069 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 -216E+06 -216 -0230889 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 -214E+06 -214 -0231085 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -431089 -043 -0231096 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 120E+06 120 -0230858 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 211E+06 211 -0230046 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 267E+06 267 -0228708 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 307E+06 307 -0226937 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 340E+06 340 -0224816 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 370E+06 370 -0222409 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 397E+06 397 -0219764 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 428E+06 428 -0216787 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 452E+06 452 -0213695 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 479E+06 479 -0210428 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 504E+06 504 -0207082 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 532E+06 532 -0203609 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 559E+06 559 -0200078 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 587E+06 587 -0196496 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 617E+06 617 -0192869 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 648E+06 648 -0189204 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 680E+06 680 -0185511 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 714E+06 714 -0181804 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 749E+06 749 -0178096 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 785E+06 785 -0174403 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 823E+06 823 -017074 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 863E+06 863 -0167122 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 904E+06 904 -0163563 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 947E+06 947 -0160075 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 992E+06 992 -0156671 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 104E+07 1039 -0153362 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 109E+07 1088 -0150159 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 114E+07 1139 -0147073 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 119E+07 1193 -0144111 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 125E+07 1249 -0141284 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 131E+07 1308 -0138599 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 137E+07 1370 -0136062 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 143E+07 1435 -0133679 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 150E+07 1502 -0131452 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 157E+07 1573 -0129385 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 165E+07 1648 -0127477 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 173E+07 1726 -0125725 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 166E+07 1661 -0125472 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 167E+07 1674 -0125206 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 167E+07 1670 -0124958 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 166E+07 1664 -0124728 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 166E+07 1659 -0124512 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 165E+07 1654 -0124309 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 165E+07 1650 -0124116 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 165E+07 1645 -0123931 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 164E+07 1641 -0123755 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 164E+07 1637 -0123585 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 163E+07 1633 -0123421 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 163E+07 1629 -0123263 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 163E+07 1625 -0123109 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 162E+07 1622 -0122961 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 162E+07 1618 -0122816 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 161E+07 1615 -0122676 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 161E+07 1611 -0122539 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 161E+07 1608 -0122406 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 160E+07 1604 -0122275 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 160E+07 1601 -0122148 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 160E+07 1598 -0122023 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 160E+07 1595 -0121901 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 159E+07 1592 -0121782 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 159E+07 1589 -0121665 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 159E+07 1586 -012155 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 158E+07 1583 -0121437 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 158E+07 1581 -0121326 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 158E+07 1578 -0121217 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 158E+07 1575 -012111 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 157E+07 1573 -0121005 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 157E+07 1570 -0120901 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 157E+07 1567 -0120799 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 156E+07 1565 -0120699 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 156E+07 1562 -01206 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 156E+07 1560 -0120502 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 156E+07 1558 -0120406 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 156E+07 1555 -0120311 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 155E+07 1553 -0120218 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 137E+07 1369 -0120098 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 119E+07 1190 -0120046 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 101E+07 1011 -0120016 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 825E+06 825 -0119993 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 633E+06 633 -011997 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 432E+06 432 -0119945 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 225E+06 225 -0119931 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 196274 020 -0119958 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 -170E+06 -170 -0120062 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 -336E+06 -336 -0120281 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 -474E+06 -474 -0120653 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 -579E+06 -579 -0121212 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 -648E+06 -648 -0121978 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 -684E+06 -684 -0122956 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 -693E+06 -693 -0124137 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 -686E+06 -686 -0125506 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 -671E+06 -671 -0127054 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 -655E+06 -655 -0128785 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 -640E+06 -640 -0130708 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 -626E+06 -626 -013284 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 -612E+06 -612 -013519 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 -604E+06 -604 -0137897 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 -584E+06 -584 -0140753 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 -571E+06 -571 -0143885 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 -554E+06 -554 -0147246 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 -537E+06 -537 -0150812 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 -520E+06 -520 -0154576 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 -503E+06 -503 -0158545 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 -486E+06 -486 -0162729 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 -471E+06 -471 -0167139 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 -456E+06 -456 -0171788 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 -442E+06 -442 -0176691 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 -428E+06 -428 -0181865 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 -417E+06 -417 -0187438 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 -404E+06 -404 -0193251 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 -393E+06 -393 -0199455 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 -382E+06 -382 -020604 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 -372E+06 -372 -0212998 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 302
AlN 242
Al2O3 100
AlSiC Si3N4 0224
AlN 0181
Al2O3 0377
Al Si3N4 600
AlN 524
Al2O3 317
Substrate Dimensions (mm)
Si3N4 2322
AlN
Al2O3
Al baseplate (5mm) with metallization CTE on alumina calculated using Curamik formula - MPa
AlSiC baseplate (5mm) with alumina CTE as 68E-6 (from Curamik) - 025 MPa
AlSiC baseplate (5mm) with alumina CTE as 28E-6 (Si3N4) - 021 MPa
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
-40 -40 -40 -40 -40 -40 -40
-20 -20 -20 -20 -20 -20 -20
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 20 20 20 20 20 20
40 40 40 40 40 40 40
60 60 60 60 60 60 60
80 80 80 80 80 80 80
100 100 100 100 100 100 100
120 120 120 120 120 120 120
140 140 140 140 140 140 140
160 160 160 160 160 160 160
180 180 180 180 180 180 180
200 200 200 200 200 200 200

NREL | 3

Objective

bull Investigate the impact of power electronics packaging materials and geometric design on the substrate attachndash Large-area attachndash Prone to thermal cycling

bull Typical substrate attach materials arendash Solders such as 63Sn37Pb SAC305 95Pb5Snndash Sintered silverndash Transient liquid phase alloys

bull Automotive power electronics package designndash Reduce cost weight and volumendash Improve thermal performance and reliability

NREL | 4

Modeling Setup

Material Properties

Experimental SampleBaseplate (Cu AlSiC Al)

Ceramic (Si3N4 Al2O3 AlN)

Metallization (Cu)

254 mm

254 mm

Solder layer (not visible) is between the backside Cu metallization (not visible) and the baseplate

bull Quarter-symmetry model (yellow dashed lines in top-left figure) used in simulations

bull Anand viscoplasticity constitutive model used to simulate deformation of the solder region

bull Thermal cycling profile bull -40degC to 150degCbull 5degCmin ramp ratebull 10 min dwell at extreme temperatures

Chart1

Aluminum (Al)
SAC305
Copper (Cu)
Aluminum Silicon Carbide (AlSiC)
Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃)
Aluminum Nitride (AlN)
Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄)
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)
219
216
158
684
82
45
28
221
216
16
704
82
45
28
223
216
163
724
82
45
28
225
216
165
744
82
45
28
227
216
167
764
82
45
28
229
216
169
784
82
45
28
231
216
171
804
82
45
28
233
216
173
824
82
45
28
235
216
175
844
82
45
28
237
216
177
864
82
45
28
239
216
178
884
82
45
28
241
216
18
904
82
45
28
243
216
182
924
82
45
28

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubstrateMatampThkVariation

30 C
130 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum (Al)
SAC305
Copper (Cu)
Aluminum Silicon Carbide (AlSiC)
Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃)
Aluminum Nitride (AlN)
Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄)
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)

NREL | 5

Strain Energy Density

Strain Energy Density Contour Plot

bull Strain energy densitycycle (volume-averaged at the corner region) was selected as the metric for comparison

NREL | 6

Impact of Baseplate amp Ceramic Material

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Copper AlSiC Al

Stra

in En

ergy

Den

sity

Cycl

e (M

Pa) Si ₃N₄ AlN Al₂O₃

Thickness of baseplate ndash 5 mm ceramic ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

C-SAM Images of SAC305 solder with AlSiC (top) and Cu (bottom) baseplates Images on the left and right were taken at 0 cycles and 500 cycles respectively

bull AlSiC baseplate offers superior reliability than its Cu or Al counterparts mainly due to the low coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch with the ceramic material

MatProperties

Chart1

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
1944981
1541321
0939798
0179141
0161197
0208441
392511
341359
2584948

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubThkVariation_Cu

30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubThkVariation_AlSiC

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

Sheet1

Sheet1

Al
Cu
AlSiC
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum
SAC305
Copper
AlSiC
Aluminum Oxide
Aluminum Nitride
Silicon Nitride
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)
30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
HD_Cu-6mm
RD_Cu-6mm
LD_Cu-6mm
RU_Cu-6mm
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate
987353
642122
-456024
-378683
923847
-251737
-446278
-289891
869985
-112436
-441644
-20142
826528
-16847
-437344
-113478
793482
-193562
-433352
-267531
76978
-205855
-429741
578289
753602
-212609
-426478
140228
742808
-215338
-423498
219073
735334
-212658
-42075
293273
729529
-210149
-4182
360442
724359
-208189
-415817
415434
719366
-206586
-413582
455625
714439
-205962
-411476
480927
709614
-206241
-409486
492206
70495
-207793
-407598
491329
700487
-210607
-405802
477676
696242
-214283
-404091
457667
692218
-218679
-402455
435372
688407
-223716
-40089
412034
684796
-229289
-399389
388742
681374
-23541
-397947
364831
678127
-242023
-39656
340941
675044
-248859
-395224
316071
672111
-256003
-393936
291533
669319
-263503
-392691
267453
666657
-271392
-391488
245001
664116
-280246
-390324
224053
661686
-289863
-389196
204748
659362
-300213
-388102
187481
657134
-311326
-387041
172615
654996
-32266
-38601
159572
652944
-335128
-385008
149148
65097
-348811
-384033
140519
64907
-363845
-383084
133235
647239
-379348
-382159
12711
645474
-396629
-381258
121626
643769
-414574
-380379
116827
642122
-434812
-379521
112569
-456024
-378683
108781

NREL | 7

Impact of Baseplate Thickness amp Footprint

Ceramic (Si3N4) thickness ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm Baseplate thickness ndash 5mm ceramic (Si3N4) ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

Thermal cycling profile - -40degC - 200degC

bull Thickness variation has a larger impact on solder joint reliability than footprintsize variation

Chart1

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
4578005
2194429
0180207
392511
1944981
0179142
315812
1631509
0177693
2275288
1238445
0175518
1295659
0758202
0172362
0476935
0298032
0167606

MatProperties

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubThkVariation_Cu

30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubThkVariation_AlSiC

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

Sheet1

Sheet1

Al
Cu
AlSiC
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum
SAC305
Copper
AlSiC
Aluminum Oxide
Aluminum Nitride
Silicon Nitride
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)
30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
HD_Cu-6mm
RD_Cu-6mm
LD_Cu-6mm
RU_Cu-6mm
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate
987353
642122
-456024
-378683
923847
-251737
-446278
-289891
869985
-112436
-441644
-20142
826528
-16847
-437344
-113478
793482
-193562
-433352
-267531
76978
-205855
-429741
578289
753602
-212609
-426478
140228
742808
-215338
-423498
219073
735334
-212658
-42075
293273
729529
-210149
-4182
360442
724359
-208189
-415817
415434
719366
-206586
-413582
455625
714439
-205962
-411476
480927
709614
-206241
-409486
492206
70495
-207793
-407598
491329
700487
-210607
-405802
477676
696242
-214283
-404091
457667
692218
-218679
-402455
435372
688407
-223716
-40089
412034
684796
-229289
-399389
388742
681374
-23541
-397947
364831
678127
-242023
-39656
340941
675044
-248859
-395224
316071
672111
-256003
-393936
291533
669319
-263503
-392691
267453
666657
-271392
-391488
245001
664116
-280246
-390324
224053
661686
-289863
-389196
204748
659362
-300213
-388102
187481
657134
-311326
-387041
172615
654996
-32266
-38601
159572
652944
-335128
-385008
149148
65097
-348811
-384033
140519
64907
-363845
-383084
133235
647239
-379348
-382159
12711
645474
-396629
-381258
121626
643769
-414574
-380379
116827
642122
-434812
-379521
112569
-456024
-378683
108781

NREL | 8

Impact of Ceramic and Metallization Thickness

Baseplate (Cu) thickness ndash 5 mm ceramic ndash 063 mm Baseplate (Cu) thickness ndash 5 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

bull Higher the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch higher the impact of stiffness variation is

Chart1

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
5883785555
4621163743
2015976646
5032819843
3964128758
1702700695
4089343403
322810827
1357954389
334128457
2641985648
1088452445
2743613918
217137708
08760311193

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubstrateMatampThkVariation

30 C
130 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
FootPrintVariation
Joint Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

NREL | 9

bull Reliability of a power electronics package is mainly determined by the CTE mismatch between the component layers

bull AlSiC baseplate offers superior reliability than Cu or Al baseplates

bull In addition to the CTE mismatch stiffness mismatch also plays a role but its impact is dependent on the inherent CTE mismatch

bull Thicker ceramic materials are not preferred however thicker metallization layers can improve the package reliability

Summary

wwwnrelgov

NRELPR-5400-77235

Thank You

This work was authored by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory operated by Alliance for Sustainable Energy LLC for the US Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No DE-AC36-08GO28308 Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Vehicle Technologies Office The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the US Government The US Government retains and the publisher by accepting the article for publication acknowledges that the US Government retains a nonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this work or allow others to do so for US Government purposes

Acknowledgments

Susan Rogers US Department of Energy

NREL EDT Task Leader

Sreekant NarumanchiSreekantNarumanchinrelgov Phone 303-275-4062

Team Members

Joshua Major (NREL)Douglas DeVoto (NREL)

For more information contact

Principal InvestigatorPaul ParetPaulParetnrelgovPhone 303-275-4376

Joint Length (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
244 302
204
164
124
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 063 0127 588
02 503
03 409
04 334
05 274
Al₂O₃ 063 0127 202
02 170
03 136
04 109
05 088
AlN 063 0127 462
02 396
03 323
04 264
05 217
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 025
032 302
05 435
063 503
075 551
1
Al2O3 025 077
032 100
05 146
063 170
075 187
1 212
AlN 025 189
032 242
05 344
063 396
075 432
1
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 340 023 697
Standard 5 302 022 600
4 254 022 486
3 195 021 354
2 122 020 208
1 051 019 084
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 -352E+06 -352 -0215523 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 -346E+06 -346 -0216828 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 -336E+06 -336 -0217984 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 -324E+06 -324 -0218968 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 -312E+06 -312 -0219805 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 -302E+06 -302 -0220532 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 -294E+06 -294 -0221183 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 -288E+06 -288 -0221777 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 -282E+06 -282 -0222326 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 -277E+06 -277 -0222839 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 -273E+06 -273 -0223321 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 -269E+06 -269 -0223776 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 -265E+06 -265 -0224206 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 -261E+06 -261 -0224615 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 -258E+06 -258 -0225005 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 -255E+06 -255 -0225378 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 -252E+06 -252 -0225735 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 -249E+06 -249 -0226077 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 -247E+06 -247 -0226406 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 -244E+06 -244 -0226724 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 -242E+06 -242 -022703 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 -240E+06 -240 -0227326 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 -238E+06 -238 -0227612 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 -236E+06 -236 -022789 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 -234E+06 -234 -0228159 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 -232E+06 -232 -022842 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 -230E+06 -230 -0228674 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 -228E+06 -228 -0228921 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 -227E+06 -227 -0229161 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 -225E+06 -225 -0229396 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 -224E+06 -224 -0229624 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 -222E+06 -222 -0229847 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 -221E+06 -221 -0230065 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 -220E+06 -220 -0230278 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 -218E+06 -218 -0230486 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 -217E+06 -217 -023069 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 -216E+06 -216 -0230889 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 -214E+06 -214 -0231085 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -431089 -043 -0231096 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 120E+06 120 -0230858 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 211E+06 211 -0230046 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 267E+06 267 -0228708 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 307E+06 307 -0226937 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 340E+06 340 -0224816 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 370E+06 370 -0222409 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 397E+06 397 -0219764 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 428E+06 428 -0216787 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 452E+06 452 -0213695 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 479E+06 479 -0210428 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 504E+06 504 -0207082 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 532E+06 532 -0203609 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 559E+06 559 -0200078 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 587E+06 587 -0196496 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 617E+06 617 -0192869 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 648E+06 648 -0189204 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 680E+06 680 -0185511 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 714E+06 714 -0181804 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 749E+06 749 -0178096 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 785E+06 785 -0174403 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 823E+06 823 -017074 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 863E+06 863 -0167122 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 904E+06 904 -0163563 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 947E+06 947 -0160075 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 992E+06 992 -0156671 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 104E+07 1039 -0153362 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 109E+07 1088 -0150159 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 114E+07 1139 -0147073 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 119E+07 1193 -0144111 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 125E+07 1249 -0141284 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 131E+07 1308 -0138599 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 137E+07 1370 -0136062 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 143E+07 1435 -0133679 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 150E+07 1502 -0131452 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 157E+07 1573 -0129385 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 165E+07 1648 -0127477 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 173E+07 1726 -0125725 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 166E+07 1661 -0125472 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 167E+07 1674 -0125206 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 167E+07 1670 -0124958 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 166E+07 1664 -0124728 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 166E+07 1659 -0124512 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 165E+07 1654 -0124309 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 165E+07 1650 -0124116 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 165E+07 1645 -0123931 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 164E+07 1641 -0123755 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 164E+07 1637 -0123585 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 163E+07 1633 -0123421 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 163E+07 1629 -0123263 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 163E+07 1625 -0123109 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 162E+07 1622 -0122961 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 162E+07 1618 -0122816 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 161E+07 1615 -0122676 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 161E+07 1611 -0122539 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 161E+07 1608 -0122406 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 160E+07 1604 -0122275 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 160E+07 1601 -0122148 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 160E+07 1598 -0122023 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 160E+07 1595 -0121901 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 159E+07 1592 -0121782 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 159E+07 1589 -0121665 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 159E+07 1586 -012155 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 158E+07 1583 -0121437 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 158E+07 1581 -0121326 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 158E+07 1578 -0121217 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 158E+07 1575 -012111 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 157E+07 1573 -0121005 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 157E+07 1570 -0120901 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 157E+07 1567 -0120799 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 156E+07 1565 -0120699 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 156E+07 1562 -01206 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 156E+07 1560 -0120502 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 156E+07 1558 -0120406 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 156E+07 1555 -0120311 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 155E+07 1553 -0120218 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 137E+07 1369 -0120098 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 119E+07 1190 -0120046 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 101E+07 1011 -0120016 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 825E+06 825 -0119993 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 633E+06 633 -011997 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 432E+06 432 -0119945 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 225E+06 225 -0119931 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 196274 020 -0119958 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 -170E+06 -170 -0120062 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 -336E+06 -336 -0120281 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 -474E+06 -474 -0120653 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 -579E+06 -579 -0121212 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 -648E+06 -648 -0121978 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 -684E+06 -684 -0122956 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 -693E+06 -693 -0124137 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 -686E+06 -686 -0125506 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 -671E+06 -671 -0127054 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 -655E+06 -655 -0128785 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 -640E+06 -640 -0130708 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 -626E+06 -626 -013284 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 -612E+06 -612 -013519 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 -604E+06 -604 -0137897 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 -584E+06 -584 -0140753 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 -571E+06 -571 -0143885 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 -554E+06 -554 -0147246 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 -537E+06 -537 -0150812 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 -520E+06 -520 -0154576 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 -503E+06 -503 -0158545 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 -486E+06 -486 -0162729 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 -471E+06 -471 -0167139 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 -456E+06 -456 -0171788 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 -442E+06 -442 -0176691 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 -428E+06 -428 -0181865 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 -417E+06 -417 -0187438 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 -404E+06 -404 -0193251 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 -393E+06 -393 -0199455 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 -382E+06 -382 -020604 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 -372E+06 -372 -0212998 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 302
AlN 242
Al2O3 100
AlSiC Si3N4 0224
AlN 0181
Al2O3 0377
Al Si3N4 600
AlN 524
Al2O3 317
Substrate Dimensions (mm)
Si3N4 2322
AlN
Al2O3
Al baseplate (5mm) with metallization CTE on alumina calculated using Curamik formula - MPa
AlSiC baseplate (5mm) with alumina CTE as 68E-6 (from Curamik) - 025 MPa
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
0127 0127 0127
02 02 02
03 03 03
04 04 04
05 05 05
00276558 0031039 000426353 000346154
00279074 00310325 000422608 000345851
00281621 00309413 000418613 000345848
00284048 00306944 000414529 00034588
00286244 00303134 000410685 000345935
00288157 002986 00040712 000346213
00289786 00293428 000403798 000348785
00291169 00287691 000400682 000356746
00292362 00280983 000397746 000368678
00293422 00273982 000394969 000383575
00294392 00266435 000392334 000402226
00295298 00258482 000389824 0004251
00296155 00250235 000387428 000451869
00296969 00241633 000385135 000482161
00297748 00232901 000382935 000515605
00298494 00224002 000380821 000554802
0029921 0021499 000378786 000597029
002999 00205914 000376823 000643273
00300566 00196813 000374928 000693862
00301209 00187748 000373094 00074826
00301833 00178739 000371319 000807609
00302438 00169801 000369598 0008709
00303025 00160953 000367927 000939524
00303597 00152206 000366304 00101207
00304154 00143569 000364725 00108861
00304696 00135051 000363188 00116803
00305226 00126695 00036169 00125062
00305744 00118515 00036023 00133659
00306251 00110522 000358805 00142614
00306747 00102728 000357414 00151947
00307232 00095079 000356054 00161804
00307708 000876657 000354724 00172087
00308175 000805038 000353424 00182957
00308634 000736073 00035215 00194463
00309084 000668749 000350903 00206658
00309527 000604502 000349681 00219735
00309962 000542059 000348483 00233748
0031039 000483211 000347308 00248903
000426353 000346154 0026541
Cu-6mm
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain
22396 150 101E+07 1007 316E-02
22412 150 947E+06 947 318E-02
22427 150 895E+06 895 321E-02
22443 150 851E+06 851 324E-02
22459 150 817E+06 817 326E-02
22475 150 792E+06 792 328E-02
22491 150 774E+06 774 330E-02
22506 150 762E+06 762 331E-02
22522 150 754E+06 754 333E-02
22538 150 747E+06 747 334E-02
22554 150 742E+06 742 335E-02
22569 150 737E+06 737 336E-02
22585 150 732E+06 732 337E-02
22601 150 727E+06 727 338E-02
22617 150 723E+06 723 338E-02
22633 150 718E+06 718 339E-02
22648 150 714E+06 714 340E-02
22664 150 709E+06 709 341E-02
22680 150 705E+06 705 342E-02
22696 150 702E+06 702 342E-02
22712 150 698E+06 698 343E-02
22727 150 695E+06 695 343E-02
22743 150 691E+06 691 344E-02
22759 150 688E+06 688 345E-02
22775 150 685E+06 685 345E-02
22791 150 682E+06 682 346E-02
22806 150 680E+06 680 346E-02
22822 150 677E+06 677 347E-02
22838 150 675E+06 675 348E-02
22854 150 672E+06 672 348E-02
22869 150 670E+06 670 349E-02
22885 150 668E+06 668 349E-02
22901 150 666E+06 666 350E-02
22917 150 664E+06 664 350E-02
22933 150 662E+06 662 351E-02
22948 150 660E+06 660 351E-02
22964 150 658E+06 658 351E-02
22980 150 656E+06 656 352E-02
23040 145 -292E+06 -292 352E-02
23100 140 -120E+07 -1200 351E-02
23160 135 -175E+07 -1748 348E-02
23220 130 -197E+07 -1971 344E-02
23280 125 -209E+07 -2088 339E-02
23340 120 -215E+07 -2147 333E-02
23400 115 -217E+07 -2169 327E-02
23460 110 -214E+07 -2136 319E-02
23520 105 -209E+07 -2088 311E-02
23580 100 -206E+07 -2055 302E-02
23640 95 -204E+07 -2037 293E-02
23700 90 -203E+07 -2033 284E-02
23760 85 -204E+07 -2044 274E-02
23820 80 -207E+07 -2068 264E-02
23880 75 -210E+07 -2103 254E-02
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 244E-02
24000 65 -219E+07 -2188 233E-02
24060 60 -224E+07 -2239 223E-02
24120 55 -230E+07 -2295 213E-02
24180 50 -235E+07 -2355 203E-02
24240 45 -242E+07 -2419 193E-02
24300 40 -249E+07 -2485 183E-02
24360 35 -255E+07 -2555 173E-02
24420 30 -263E+07 -2628 163E-02
24480 25 -270E+07 -2704 154E-02
24540 20 -278E+07 -2785 144E-02
24600 15 -288E+07 -2882 135E-02
24660 10 -298E+07 -2985 126E-02
24720 5 -309E+07 -3094 118E-02
24780 0 -321E+07 -3210 109E-02
24840 -5 -333E+07 -3335 101E-02
24900 -10 -347E+07 -3469 930E-03
24960 -15 -361E+07 -3613 853E-03
25020 -20 -377E+07 -3770 780E-03
25080 -25 -393E+07 -3932 708E-03
25140 -30 -411E+07 -4111 639E-03
25200 -35 -431E+07 -4310 574E-03
25260 -40 -452E+07 -4517 511E-03
25276 -40 -442E+07 -4419 507E-03
25292 -40 -437E+07 -4373 503E-03
25307 -40 -433E+07 -4330 498E-03
25323 -40 -429E+07 -4289 494E-03
25339 -40 -425E+07 -4253 490E-03
25355 -40 -422E+07 -4220 486E-03
25371 -40 -419E+07 -4190 483E-03
25386 -40 -416E+07 -4162 480E-03
25402 -40 -414E+07 -4136 477E-03
25418 -40 -411E+07 -4113 474E-03
25434 -40 -409E+07 -4090 471E-03
25449 -40 -407E+07 -4069 468E-03
25465 -40 -405E+07 -4049 466E-03
25481 -40 -403E+07 -4030 463E-03
25497 -40 -401E+07 -4012 461E-03
25513 -40 -400E+07 -3995 459E-03
25528 -40 -398E+07 -3979 457E-03
25544 -40 -396E+07 -3963 454E-03
25560 -40 -395E+07 -3949 452E-03
25576 -40 -393E+07 -3934 450E-03
25592 -40 -392E+07 -3920 449E-03
25607 -40 -391E+07 -3907 447E-03
25623 -40 -389E+07 -3894 445E-03
25639 -40 -388E+07 -3882 443E-03
25655 -40 -387E+07 -3870 442E-03
25671 -40 -386E+07 -3858 440E-03
25686 -40 -385E+07 -3847 438E-03
25702 -40 -384E+07 -3836 437E-03
25718 -40 -383E+07 -3826 435E-03
25734 -40 -382E+07 -3816 434E-03
25749 -40 -381E+07 -3806 432E-03
25765 -40 -380E+07 -3796 431E-03
25781 -40 -379E+07 -3786 429E-03
25797 -40 -378E+07 -3777 428E-03
25813 -40 -377E+07 -3768 427E-03
25828 -40 -376E+07 -3760 425E-03
25844 -40 -375E+07 -3751 424E-03
25860 -40 -374E+07 -3743 423E-03
25920 -35 -282E+07 -2819 422E-03
25980 -30 -190E+07 -1897 422E-03
26040 -25 -979E+06 -979 422E-03
26100 -20 -735253 -074 422E-03
26160 -15 809E+06 809 423E-03
26220 -10 167E+07 1670 426E-03
26280 -5 249E+07 2487 435E-03
26340 0 325E+07 3254 448E-03
26400 5 393E+07 3933 465E-03
26460 10 446E+07 4463 486E-03
26520 15 482E+07 4823 511E-03
26580 20 502E+07 5023 541E-03
26640 25 508E+07 5081 574E-03
26700 30 502E+07 5023 611E-03
26760 35 485E+07 4847 654E-03
26820 40 462E+07 4617 700E-03
26880 45 437E+07 4374 752E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4124 809E-03
27000 55 387E+07 3870 871E-03
27060 60 362E+07 3617 938E-03
27120 65 336E+07 3359 101E-02
27180 70 310E+07 3104 109E-02
27240 75 285E+07 2853 117E-02
27300 80 261E+07 2615 125E-02
27360 85 239E+07 2390 134E-02
27420 90 218E+07 2181 144E-02
27480 95 199E+07 1994 153E-02
27540 100 183E+07 1832 164E-02
27600 105 170E+07 1696 174E-02
27660 110 158E+07 1583 185E-02
27720 115 149E+07 1490 197E-02
27780 120 141E+07 1408 209E-02
27840 125 134E+07 1337 222E-02
27900 130 128E+07 1278 236E-02
27960 135 123E+07 1226 251E-02
28020 140 118E+07 1181 267E-02
28080 145 114E+07 1142 284E-02
28140 150 111E+07 1106 303E-02
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
AlSiC 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Material CTE Elastic Modulus (GPa)
Cu 17E-05 115
Alumina 680E-06 370
AlN 450E-06 330
CTE of DBC 0000008115
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Side (mm) Cu Al AlSiC
508 302 600 022
558 353 719 023
608 383 793 023
658 405 848 023
708 422 890 024
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB -558 Cu 352
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si3N4 063 0127 044
02 031
03 022
04 018
05 019
Al2O3 063 0127 016
02 017
03 020
04 026
05 033
AlN 063 0127 026
02 020
03 017
04 018
05 020
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 386
02 328
03 264
04 213
05 172
Al2O3 063 0127 181
02 154
03 124
04 099
05 079
AlN 063 0127 301
02 256
03 206
04 166
05 134
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 025 016
032 018
05 025
063 031
075 037
1 046
Al₂O₃ 025 023
032 021
05 018
063 017
075 017
1 016
AlN 025 016
032 016
05 018
063 020
075 022
1 026
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 025 150
032 194
05 283
063 328
075 360
1 403
Al₂O₃ 025 073
032 094
05 134
063 154
075 168
1 186
AlN 025 120
032 154
05 222
063 256
075 280
1 312
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 219 018 458
Standard 5 194 018 393
4 163 018 316
3 124 018 228
2 076 017 130
1 030 017 048
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 987E+06 987 277E-02 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 924E+06 924 279E-02 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 870E+06 870 282E-02 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 827E+06 827 284E-02 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 793E+06 793 286E-02 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 770E+06 770 288E-02 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 754E+06 754 290E-02 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 743E+06 743 291E-02 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 735E+06 735 292E-02 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 730E+06 730 293E-02 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 724E+06 724 294E-02 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 719E+06 719 295E-02 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 714E+06 714 296E-02 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 710E+06 710 297E-02 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 705E+06 705 298E-02 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 700E+06 700 298E-02 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 696E+06 696 299E-02 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 692E+06 692 300E-02 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 688E+06 688 301E-02 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 685E+06 685 301E-02 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 681E+06 681 302E-02 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 678E+06 678 302E-02 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 675E+06 675 303E-02 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 672E+06 672 304E-02 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 669E+06 669 304E-02 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 667E+06 667 305E-02 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 664E+06 664 305E-02 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 662E+06 662 306E-02 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 659E+06 659 306E-02 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 657E+06 657 307E-02 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 655E+06 655 307E-02 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 653E+06 653 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 651E+06 651 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 649E+06 649 309E-02 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 647E+06 647 309E-02 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 645E+06 645 310E-02 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 644E+06 644 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 642E+06 642 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -252E+06 -252 310E-02 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 -112E+07 -1124 309E-02 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 -168E+07 -1685 307E-02 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 -194E+07 -1936 303E-02 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 -206E+07 -2059 299E-02 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 -213E+07 -2126 293E-02 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 -215E+07 -2153 288E-02 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 -213E+07 -2127 281E-02 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 -210E+07 -2101 274E-02 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 -208E+07 -2082 266E-02 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 -207E+07 -2066 258E-02 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 -206E+07 -2060 250E-02 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 -206E+07 -2062 242E-02 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 -208E+07 -2078 233E-02 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 -211E+07 -2106 224E-02 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 215E-02 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 -219E+07 -2187 206E-02 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 -224E+07 -2237 197E-02 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 -229E+07 -2293 188E-02 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 -235E+07 -2354 179E-02 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 -242E+07 -2420 170E-02 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 -249E+07 -2489 161E-02 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 -256E+07 -2560 152E-02 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 -264E+07 -2635 144E-02 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 -271E+07 -2714 135E-02 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 -280E+07 -2802 127E-02 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 -290E+07 -2899 119E-02 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 -300E+07 -3002 111E-02 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 -311E+07 -3113 103E-02 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 -323E+07 -3227 951E-03 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 -335E+07 -3351 877E-03 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 -349E+07 -3488 805E-03 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 -364E+07 -3638 736E-03 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 -379E+07 -3793 669E-03 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 -397E+07 -3966 605E-03 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 -415E+07 -4146 542E-03 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 -435E+07 -4348 483E-03 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 -456E+07 -4560 426E-03 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 -446E+07 -4463 423E-03 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 -442E+07 -4416 419E-03 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 -437E+07 -4373 415E-03 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 -433E+07 -4334 411E-03 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 -430E+07 -4297 407E-03 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 -426E+07 -4265 404E-03 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 -423E+07 -4235 401E-03 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 -421E+07 -4208 398E-03 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 -418E+07 -4182 395E-03 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 -416E+07 -4158 392E-03 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 -414E+07 -4136 390E-03 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 -411E+07 -4115 387E-03 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 -409E+07 -4095 385E-03 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 -408E+07 -4076 383E-03 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 -406E+07 -4058 381E-03 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 -404E+07 -4041 379E-03 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 -402E+07 -4025 377E-03 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 -401E+07 -4009 375E-03 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 -399E+07 -3994 373E-03 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 -398E+07 -3979 371E-03 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 -397E+07 -3966 370E-03 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 -395E+07 -3952 368E-03 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 -394E+07 -3939 366E-03 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 -393E+07 -3927 365E-03 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 -391E+07 -3915 363E-03 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 -390E+07 -3903 362E-03 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 -389E+07 -3892 360E-03 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 -388E+07 -3881 359E-03 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 -387E+07 -3870 357E-03 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 -386E+07 -3860 356E-03 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 -385E+07 -3850 355E-03 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 -384E+07 -3840 353E-03 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 -383E+07 -3831 352E-03 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 -382E+07 -3822 351E-03 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 -381E+07 -3813 350E-03 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 -380E+07 -3804 348E-03 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 -380E+07 -3795 347E-03 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 -379E+07 -3787 346E-03 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 -290E+07 -2899 346E-03 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 -201E+07 -2014 346E-03 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 -113E+07 -1135 346E-03 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 -268E+06 -268 346E-03 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 578E+06 578 346E-03 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 140E+07 1402 349E-03 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 219E+07 2191 357E-03 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 293E+07 2933 369E-03 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 360E+07 3604 384E-03 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 415E+07 4154 402E-03 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 456E+07 4556 425E-03 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 481E+07 4809 452E-03 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 492E+07 4922 482E-03 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 491E+07 4913 516E-03 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 478E+07 4777 555E-03 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 458E+07 4577 597E-03 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 435E+07 4354 643E-03 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4120 694E-03 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 389E+07 3887 748E-03 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 365E+07 3648 808E-03 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 341E+07 3409 871E-03 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 316E+07 3161 940E-03 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 292E+07 2915 101E-02 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 267E+07 2675 109E-02 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 245E+07 2450 117E-02 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 224E+07 2241 125E-02 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 205E+07 2047 134E-02 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 187E+07 1875 143E-02 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 173E+07 1726 152E-02 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 160E+07 1596 162E-02 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 149E+07 1491 172E-02 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 141E+07 1405 183E-02 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 133E+07 1332 194E-02 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 127E+07 1271 207E-02 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 122E+07 1216 220E-02 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 117E+07 1168 234E-02 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 113E+07 1126 249E-02 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 109E+07 1088 265E-02 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 194
AlN 154
Al2O3 094
AlSiC Si3N4 0179
AlN 0161
Al2O3 0208
Al Si3N4 393
AlN 341
Al2O3 258
Trials SEDCycle (MPa)
AlSiC-Al2O3 Al2O3 elastic modulus is same as Si3N4 0226
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
Substrate Dimensions (mm) Elastic Modulus (GPa) Poissons Ratio CTE (ppmdegC) Remarks
Si3N4 2322 300 028 28 KyoceraRogers
AlN 330 024 45 Accuratus
Al2O3 360 021 72 Kyocera
6 6 6
5 5 5
4 4 4
3 3 3
2 2 2
1 1 1
00276558 0031039 000426353 000346154
00279074 00310325 000422608 000345851
00281621 00309413 000418613 000345848
00284048 00306944 000414529 00034588
00286244 00303134 000410685 000345935
00288157 002986 00040712 000346213
00289786 00293428 000403798 000348785
00291169 00287691 000400682 000356746
00292362 00280983 000397746 000368678
00293422 00273982 000394969 000383575
00294392 00266435 000392334 000402226
00295298 00258482 000389824 0004251
00296155 00250235 000387428 000451869
00296969 00241633 000385135 000482161
00297748 00232901 000382935 000515605
00298494 00224002 000380821 000554802
0029921 0021499 000378786 000597029
002999 00205914 000376823 000643273
00300566 00196813 000374928 000693862
00301209 00187748 000373094 00074826
00301833 00178739 000371319 000807609
00302438 00169801 000369598 0008709
00303025 00160953 000367927 000939524
00303597 00152206 000366304 00101207
00304154 00143569 000364725 00108861
00304696 00135051 000363188 00116803
00305226 00126695 00036169 00125062
00305744 00118515 00036023 00133659
00306251 00110522 000358805 00142614
00306747 00102728 000357414 00151947
00307232 00095079 000356054 00161804
00307708 000876657 000354724 00172087
00308175 000805038 000353424 00182957
00308634 000736073 00035215 00194463
00309084 000668749 000350903 00206658
00309527 000604502 000349681 00219735
00309962 000542059 000348483 00233748
0031039 000483211 000347308 00248903
000426353 000346154 0026541
Cu-6mm
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain
22396 150 101E+07 1007 316E-02
22412 150 947E+06 947 318E-02
22427 150 895E+06 895 321E-02
22443 150 851E+06 851 324E-02
22459 150 817E+06 817 326E-02
22475 150 792E+06 792 328E-02
22491 150 774E+06 774 330E-02
22506 150 762E+06 762 331E-02
22522 150 754E+06 754 333E-02
22538 150 747E+06 747 334E-02
22554 150 742E+06 742 335E-02
22569 150 737E+06 737 336E-02
22585 150 732E+06 732 337E-02
22601 150 727E+06 727 338E-02
22617 150 723E+06 723 338E-02
22633 150 718E+06 718 339E-02
22648 150 714E+06 714 340E-02
22664 150 709E+06 709 341E-02
22680 150 705E+06 705 342E-02
22696 150 702E+06 702 342E-02
22712 150 698E+06 698 343E-02
22727 150 695E+06 695 343E-02
22743 150 691E+06 691 344E-02
22759 150 688E+06 688 345E-02
22775 150 685E+06 685 345E-02
22791 150 682E+06 682 346E-02
22806 150 680E+06 680 346E-02
22822 150 677E+06 677 347E-02
22838 150 675E+06 675 348E-02
22854 150 672E+06 672 348E-02
22869 150 670E+06 670 349E-02
22885 150 668E+06 668 349E-02
22901 150 666E+06 666 350E-02
22917 150 664E+06 664 350E-02
22933 150 662E+06 662 351E-02
22948 150 660E+06 660 351E-02
22964 150 658E+06 658 351E-02
22980 150 656E+06 656 352E-02
23040 145 -292E+06 -292 352E-02
23100 140 -120E+07 -1200 351E-02
23160 135 -175E+07 -1748 348E-02
23220 130 -197E+07 -1971 344E-02
23280 125 -209E+07 -2088 339E-02
23340 120 -215E+07 -2147 333E-02
23400 115 -217E+07 -2169 327E-02
23460 110 -214E+07 -2136 319E-02
23520 105 -209E+07 -2088 311E-02
23580 100 -206E+07 -2055 302E-02
23640 95 -204E+07 -2037 293E-02
23700 90 -203E+07 -2033 284E-02
23760 85 -204E+07 -2044 274E-02
23820 80 -207E+07 -2068 264E-02
23880 75 -210E+07 -2103 254E-02
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 244E-02
24000 65 -219E+07 -2188 233E-02
24060 60 -224E+07 -2239 223E-02
24120 55 -230E+07 -2295 213E-02
24180 50 -235E+07 -2355 203E-02
24240 45 -242E+07 -2419 193E-02
24300 40 -249E+07 -2485 183E-02
24360 35 -255E+07 -2555 173E-02
24420 30 -263E+07 -2628 163E-02
24480 25 -270E+07 -2704 154E-02
24540 20 -278E+07 -2785 144E-02
24600 15 -288E+07 -2882 135E-02
24660 10 -298E+07 -2985 126E-02
24720 5 -309E+07 -3094 118E-02
24780 0 -321E+07 -3210 109E-02
24840 -5 -333E+07 -3335 101E-02
24900 -10 -347E+07 -3469 930E-03
24960 -15 -361E+07 -3613 853E-03
25020 -20 -377E+07 -3770 780E-03
25080 -25 -393E+07 -3932 708E-03
25140 -30 -411E+07 -4111 639E-03
25200 -35 -431E+07 -4310 574E-03
25260 -40 -452E+07 -4517 511E-03
25276 -40 -442E+07 -4419 507E-03
25292 -40 -437E+07 -4373 503E-03
25307 -40 -433E+07 -4330 498E-03
25323 -40 -429E+07 -4289 494E-03
25339 -40 -425E+07 -4253 490E-03
25355 -40 -422E+07 -4220 486E-03
25371 -40 -419E+07 -4190 483E-03
25386 -40 -416E+07 -4162 480E-03
25402 -40 -414E+07 -4136 477E-03
25418 -40 -411E+07 -4113 474E-03
25434 -40 -409E+07 -4090 471E-03
25449 -40 -407E+07 -4069 468E-03
25465 -40 -405E+07 -4049 466E-03
25481 -40 -403E+07 -4030 463E-03
25497 -40 -401E+07 -4012 461E-03
25513 -40 -400E+07 -3995 459E-03
25528 -40 -398E+07 -3979 457E-03
25544 -40 -396E+07 -3963 454E-03
25560 -40 -395E+07 -3949 452E-03
25576 -40 -393E+07 -3934 450E-03
25592 -40 -392E+07 -3920 449E-03
25607 -40 -391E+07 -3907 447E-03
25623 -40 -389E+07 -3894 445E-03
25639 -40 -388E+07 -3882 443E-03
25655 -40 -387E+07 -3870 442E-03
25671 -40 -386E+07 -3858 440E-03
25686 -40 -385E+07 -3847 438E-03
25702 -40 -384E+07 -3836 437E-03
25718 -40 -383E+07 -3826 435E-03
25734 -40 -382E+07 -3816 434E-03
25749 -40 -381E+07 -3806 432E-03
25765 -40 -380E+07 -3796 431E-03
25781 -40 -379E+07 -3786 429E-03
25797 -40 -378E+07 -3777 428E-03
25813 -40 -377E+07 -3768 427E-03
25828 -40 -376E+07 -3760 425E-03
25844 -40 -375E+07 -3751 424E-03
25860 -40 -374E+07 -3743 423E-03
25920 -35 -282E+07 -2819 422E-03
25980 -30 -190E+07 -1897 422E-03
26040 -25 -979E+06 -979 422E-03
26100 -20 -735253 -074 422E-03
26160 -15 809E+06 809 423E-03
26220 -10 167E+07 1670 426E-03
26280 -5 249E+07 2487 435E-03
26340 0 325E+07 3254 448E-03
26400 5 393E+07 3933 465E-03
26460 10 446E+07 4463 486E-03
26520 15 482E+07 4823 511E-03
26580 20 502E+07 5023 541E-03
26640 25 508E+07 5081 574E-03
26700 30 502E+07 5023 611E-03
26760 35 485E+07 4847 654E-03
26820 40 462E+07 4617 700E-03
26880 45 437E+07 4374 752E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4124 809E-03
27000 55 387E+07 3870 871E-03
27060 60 362E+07 3617 938E-03
27120 65 336E+07 3359 101E-02
27180 70 310E+07 3104 109E-02
27240 75 285E+07 2853 117E-02
27300 80 261E+07 2615 125E-02
27360 85 239E+07 2390 134E-02
27420 90 218E+07 2181 144E-02
27480 95 199E+07 1994 153E-02
27540 100 183E+07 1832 164E-02
27600 105 170E+07 1696 174E-02
27660 110 158E+07 1583 185E-02
27720 115 149E+07 1490 197E-02
27780 120 141E+07 1408 209E-02
27840 125 134E+07 1337 222E-02
27900 130 128E+07 1278 236E-02
27960 135 123E+07 1226 251E-02
28020 140 118E+07 1181 267E-02
28080 145 114E+07 1142 284E-02
28140 150 111E+07 1106 303E-02
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
AlSiC 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Material CTE Elastic Modulus (GPa)
Cu 17E-05 115
Alumina 680E-06 370
AlN 450E-06 330
CTE of DBC 0000008115
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Side (mm) Cu Al AlSiC
508 302 600 022
558 353 719 023
608 383 793 023
658 405 848 023
708 422 890 024
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB -558 Cu 352
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si3N4 063 0127 044
02 031
03 022
04 018
05 019
Al2O3 063 0127 016
02 017
03 020
04 026
05 033
AlN 063 0127 026
02 020
03 017
04 018
05 020
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 386
02 328
03 264
04 213
05 172
Al2O3 063 0127 181
02 154
03 124
04 099
05 079
AlN 063 0127 301
02 256
03 206
04 166
05 134
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 025 016
032 018
05 025
063 031
075 037
1 046
Al₂O₃ 025 023
032 021
05 018
063 017
075 017
1 016
AlN 025 016
032 016
05 018
063 020
075 022
1 026
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 025 150
032 194
05 283
063 328
075 360
1 403
Al₂O₃ 025 073
032 094
05 134
063 154
075 168
1 186
AlN 025 120
032 154
05 222
063 256
075 280
1 312
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 219 018 458
Standard 5 194 018 393
4 163 018 316
3 124 018 228
2 076 017 130
1 030 017 048
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 987E+06 987 277E-02 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 924E+06 924 279E-02 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 870E+06 870 282E-02 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 827E+06 827 284E-02 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 793E+06 793 286E-02 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 770E+06 770 288E-02 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 754E+06 754 290E-02 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 743E+06 743 291E-02 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 735E+06 735 292E-02 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 730E+06 730 293E-02 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 724E+06 724 294E-02 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 719E+06 719 295E-02 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 714E+06 714 296E-02 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 710E+06 710 297E-02 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 705E+06 705 298E-02 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 700E+06 700 298E-02 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 696E+06 696 299E-02 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 692E+06 692 300E-02 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 688E+06 688 301E-02 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 685E+06 685 301E-02 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 681E+06 681 302E-02 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 678E+06 678 302E-02 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 675E+06 675 303E-02 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 672E+06 672 304E-02 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 669E+06 669 304E-02 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 667E+06 667 305E-02 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 664E+06 664 305E-02 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 662E+06 662 306E-02 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 659E+06 659 306E-02 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 657E+06 657 307E-02 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 655E+06 655 307E-02 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 653E+06 653 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 651E+06 651 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 649E+06 649 309E-02 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 647E+06 647 309E-02 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 645E+06 645 310E-02 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 644E+06 644 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 642E+06 642 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -252E+06 -252 310E-02 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 -112E+07 -1124 309E-02 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 -168E+07 -1685 307E-02 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 -194E+07 -1936 303E-02 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 -206E+07 -2059 299E-02 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 -213E+07 -2126 293E-02 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 -215E+07 -2153 288E-02 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 -213E+07 -2127 281E-02 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 -210E+07 -2101 274E-02 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 -208E+07 -2082 266E-02 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 -207E+07 -2066 258E-02 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 -206E+07 -2060 250E-02 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 -206E+07 -2062 242E-02 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 -208E+07 -2078 233E-02 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 -211E+07 -2106 224E-02 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 215E-02 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 -219E+07 -2187 206E-02 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 -224E+07 -2237 197E-02 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 -229E+07 -2293 188E-02 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 -235E+07 -2354 179E-02 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 -242E+07 -2420 170E-02 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 -249E+07 -2489 161E-02 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 -256E+07 -2560 152E-02 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 -264E+07 -2635 144E-02 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 -271E+07 -2714 135E-02 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 -280E+07 -2802 127E-02 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 -290E+07 -2899 119E-02 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 -300E+07 -3002 111E-02 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 -311E+07 -3113 103E-02 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 -323E+07 -3227 951E-03 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 -335E+07 -3351 877E-03 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 -349E+07 -3488 805E-03 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 -364E+07 -3638 736E-03 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 -379E+07 -3793 669E-03 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 -397E+07 -3966 605E-03 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 -415E+07 -4146 542E-03 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 -435E+07 -4348 483E-03 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 -456E+07 -4560 426E-03 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 -446E+07 -4463 423E-03 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 -442E+07 -4416 419E-03 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 -437E+07 -4373 415E-03 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 -433E+07 -4334 411E-03 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 -430E+07 -4297 407E-03 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 -426E+07 -4265 404E-03 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 -423E+07 -4235 401E-03 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 -421E+07 -4208 398E-03 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 -418E+07 -4182 395E-03 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 -416E+07 -4158 392E-03 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 -414E+07 -4136 390E-03 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 -411E+07 -4115 387E-03 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 -409E+07 -4095 385E-03 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 -408E+07 -4076 383E-03 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 -406E+07 -4058 381E-03 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 -404E+07 -4041 379E-03 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 -402E+07 -4025 377E-03 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 -401E+07 -4009 375E-03 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 -399E+07 -3994 373E-03 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 -398E+07 -3979 371E-03 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 -397E+07 -3966 370E-03 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 -395E+07 -3952 368E-03 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 -394E+07 -3939 366E-03 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 -393E+07 -3927 365E-03 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 -391E+07 -3915 363E-03 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 -390E+07 -3903 362E-03 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 -389E+07 -3892 360E-03 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 -388E+07 -3881 359E-03 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 -387E+07 -3870 357E-03 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 -386E+07 -3860 356E-03 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 -385E+07 -3850 355E-03 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 -384E+07 -3840 353E-03 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 -383E+07 -3831 352E-03 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 -382E+07 -3822 351E-03 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 -381E+07 -3813 350E-03 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 -380E+07 -3804 348E-03 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 -380E+07 -3795 347E-03 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 -379E+07 -3787 346E-03 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 -290E+07 -2899 346E-03 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 -201E+07 -2014 346E-03 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 -113E+07 -1135 346E-03 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 -268E+06 -268 346E-03 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 578E+06 578 346E-03 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 140E+07 1402 349E-03 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 219E+07 2191 357E-03 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 293E+07 2933 369E-03 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 360E+07 3604 384E-03 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 415E+07 4154 402E-03 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 456E+07 4556 425E-03 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 481E+07 4809 452E-03 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 492E+07 4922 482E-03 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 491E+07 4913 516E-03 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 478E+07 4777 555E-03 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 458E+07 4577 597E-03 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 435E+07 4354 643E-03 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4120 694E-03 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 389E+07 3887 748E-03 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 365E+07 3648 808E-03 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 341E+07 3409 871E-03 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 316E+07 3161 940E-03 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 292E+07 2915 101E-02 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 267E+07 2675 109E-02 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 245E+07 2450 117E-02 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 224E+07 2241 125E-02 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 205E+07 2047 134E-02 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 187E+07 1875 143E-02 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 173E+07 1726 152E-02 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 160E+07 1596 162E-02 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 149E+07 1491 172E-02 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 141E+07 1405 183E-02 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 133E+07 1332 194E-02 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 127E+07 1271 207E-02 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 122E+07 1216 220E-02 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 117E+07 1168 234E-02 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 113E+07 1126 249E-02 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 109E+07 1088 265E-02 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 194
AlN 154
Al₂O₃ 094
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 0179
AlN 0161
Al₂O₃ 0208
Al Si₃N₄ 393
AlN 341
Al₂O₃ 258
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
Copper Copper Copper
AlSiC AlSiC AlSiC
Al Al Al
Substrate Dimensions (mm) Elastic Modulus (GPa) Poissons Ratio CTE (ppmdegC) Remarks
Si3N4 2322 300 028 28 KyoceraRogers
AlN 330 024 45 Accuratus
Al2O3 360 021 72 Kyocera
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper (Cu) 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum (Al) 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
Aluminum Silicon Carbide (AlSiC) 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄) 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride (AlN) 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃) 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Baseplate Side (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB
508 302
558 353 352
608 383
658 405
708
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 588
02 503
03 409
04 334
05 274
Al2O3 063 0127 202
02 170
03 136
04 109
05 088
AlN 063 0127 462
02 396
03 323
04 264
05 217
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 025 235
032 302
05 435
063 503
075 551
1 617
Al2O3 025 077
032 100
05 146
063 170
075 187
1 212
AlN 025 189
032 242
05 344
063 396
075 432
1 482
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 340 023 697
Standard 5 302 022 600
4 254 022 486
3 195 021 354
2 122 020 208
1 051 019 084
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 -352E+06 -352 -0215523 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 -346E+06 -346 -0216828 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 -336E+06 -336 -0217984 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 -324E+06 -324 -0218968 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 -312E+06 -312 -0219805 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 -302E+06 -302 -0220532 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 -294E+06 -294 -0221183 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 -288E+06 -288 -0221777 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 -282E+06 -282 -0222326 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 -277E+06 -277 -0222839 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 -273E+06 -273 -0223321 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 -269E+06 -269 -0223776 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 -265E+06 -265 -0224206 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 -261E+06 -261 -0224615 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 -258E+06 -258 -0225005 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 -255E+06 -255 -0225378 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 -252E+06 -252 -0225735 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 -249E+06 -249 -0226077 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 -247E+06 -247 -0226406 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 -244E+06 -244 -0226724 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 -242E+06 -242 -022703 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 -240E+06 -240 -0227326 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 -238E+06 -238 -0227612 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 -236E+06 -236 -022789 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 -234E+06 -234 -0228159 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 -232E+06 -232 -022842 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 -230E+06 -230 -0228674 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 -228E+06 -228 -0228921 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 -227E+06 -227 -0229161 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 -225E+06 -225 -0229396 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 -224E+06 -224 -0229624 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 -222E+06 -222 -0229847 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 -221E+06 -221 -0230065 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 -220E+06 -220 -0230278 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 -218E+06 -218 -0230486 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 -217E+06 -217 -023069 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 -216E+06 -216 -0230889 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 -214E+06 -214 -0231085 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -431089 -043 -0231096 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 120E+06 120 -0230858 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 211E+06 211 -0230046 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 267E+06 267 -0228708 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 307E+06 307 -0226937 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 340E+06 340 -0224816 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 370E+06 370 -0222409 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 397E+06 397 -0219764 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 428E+06 428 -0216787 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 452E+06 452 -0213695 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 479E+06 479 -0210428 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 504E+06 504 -0207082 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 532E+06 532 -0203609 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 559E+06 559 -0200078 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 587E+06 587 -0196496 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 617E+06 617 -0192869 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 648E+06 648 -0189204 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 680E+06 680 -0185511 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 714E+06 714 -0181804 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 749E+06 749 -0178096 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 785E+06 785 -0174403 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 823E+06 823 -017074 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 863E+06 863 -0167122 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 904E+06 904 -0163563 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 947E+06 947 -0160075 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 992E+06 992 -0156671 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 104E+07 1039 -0153362 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 109E+07 1088 -0150159 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 114E+07 1139 -0147073 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 119E+07 1193 -0144111 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 125E+07 1249 -0141284 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 131E+07 1308 -0138599 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 137E+07 1370 -0136062 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 143E+07 1435 -0133679 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 150E+07 1502 -0131452 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 157E+07 1573 -0129385 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 165E+07 1648 -0127477 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 173E+07 1726 -0125725 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 166E+07 1661 -0125472 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 167E+07 1674 -0125206 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 167E+07 1670 -0124958 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 166E+07 1664 -0124728 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 166E+07 1659 -0124512 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 165E+07 1654 -0124309 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 165E+07 1650 -0124116 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 165E+07 1645 -0123931 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 164E+07 1641 -0123755 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 164E+07 1637 -0123585 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 163E+07 1633 -0123421 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 163E+07 1629 -0123263 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 163E+07 1625 -0123109 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 162E+07 1622 -0122961 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 162E+07 1618 -0122816 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 161E+07 1615 -0122676 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 161E+07 1611 -0122539 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 161E+07 1608 -0122406 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 160E+07 1604 -0122275 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 160E+07 1601 -0122148 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 160E+07 1598 -0122023 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 160E+07 1595 -0121901 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 159E+07 1592 -0121782 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 159E+07 1589 -0121665 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 159E+07 1586 -012155 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 158E+07 1583 -0121437 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 158E+07 1581 -0121326 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 158E+07 1578 -0121217 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 158E+07 1575 -012111 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 157E+07 1573 -0121005 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 157E+07 1570 -0120901 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 157E+07 1567 -0120799 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 156E+07 1565 -0120699 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 156E+07 1562 -01206 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 156E+07 1560 -0120502 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 156E+07 1558 -0120406 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 156E+07 1555 -0120311 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 155E+07 1553 -0120218 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 137E+07 1369 -0120098 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 119E+07 1190 -0120046 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 101E+07 1011 -0120016 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 825E+06 825 -0119993 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 633E+06 633 -011997 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 432E+06 432 -0119945 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 225E+06 225 -0119931 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 196274 020 -0119958 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 -170E+06 -170 -0120062 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 -336E+06 -336 -0120281 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 -474E+06 -474 -0120653 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 -579E+06 -579 -0121212 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 -648E+06 -648 -0121978 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 -684E+06 -684 -0122956 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 -693E+06 -693 -0124137 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 -686E+06 -686 -0125506 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 -671E+06 -671 -0127054 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 -655E+06 -655 -0128785 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 -640E+06 -640 -0130708 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 -626E+06 -626 -013284 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 -612E+06 -612 -013519 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 -604E+06 -604 -0137897 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 -584E+06 -584 -0140753 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 -571E+06 -571 -0143885 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 -554E+06 -554 -0147246 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 -537E+06 -537 -0150812 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 -520E+06 -520 -0154576 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 -503E+06 -503 -0158545 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 -486E+06 -486 -0162729 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 -471E+06 -471 -0167139 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 -456E+06 -456 -0171788 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 -442E+06 -442 -0176691 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 -428E+06 -428 -0181865 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 -417E+06 -417 -0187438 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 -404E+06 -404 -0193251 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 -393E+06 -393 -0199455 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 -382E+06 -382 -020604 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 -372E+06 -372 -0212998 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 302
AlN 242
Al2O3 100
AlSiC Si3N4 0224
AlN 0181
Al2O3 0377
Al Si3N4 600
AlN 524
Al2O3 317
Substrate Dimensions (mm)
Si3N4 2322
AlN
Al2O3
Al baseplate (5mm) with metallization CTE on alumina calculated using Curamik formula - MPa
AlSiC baseplate (5mm) with alumina CTE as 68E-6 (from Curamik) - 025 MPa
AlSiC baseplate (5mm) with alumina CTE as 28E-6 (Si3N4) - 021 MPa
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
-40 -40 -40 -40 -40 -40 -40
-20 -20 -20 -20 -20 -20 -20
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 20 20 20 20 20 20
40 40 40 40 40 40 40
60 60 60 60 60 60 60
80 80 80 80 80 80 80
100 100 100 100 100 100 100
120 120 120 120 120 120 120
140 140 140 140 140 140 140
160 160 160 160 160 160 160
180 180 180 180 180 180 180
200 200 200 200 200 200 200

NREL | 4

Modeling Setup

Material Properties

Experimental SampleBaseplate (Cu AlSiC Al)

Ceramic (Si3N4 Al2O3 AlN)

Metallization (Cu)

254 mm

254 mm

Solder layer (not visible) is between the backside Cu metallization (not visible) and the baseplate

bull Quarter-symmetry model (yellow dashed lines in top-left figure) used in simulations

bull Anand viscoplasticity constitutive model used to simulate deformation of the solder region

bull Thermal cycling profile bull -40degC to 150degCbull 5degCmin ramp ratebull 10 min dwell at extreme temperatures

Chart1

Aluminum (Al)
SAC305
Copper (Cu)
Aluminum Silicon Carbide (AlSiC)
Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃)
Aluminum Nitride (AlN)
Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄)
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)
219
216
158
684
82
45
28
221
216
16
704
82
45
28
223
216
163
724
82
45
28
225
216
165
744
82
45
28
227
216
167
764
82
45
28
229
216
169
784
82
45
28
231
216
171
804
82
45
28
233
216
173
824
82
45
28
235
216
175
844
82
45
28
237
216
177
864
82
45
28
239
216
178
884
82
45
28
241
216
18
904
82
45
28
243
216
182
924
82
45
28

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubstrateMatampThkVariation

30 C
130 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum (Al)
SAC305
Copper (Cu)
Aluminum Silicon Carbide (AlSiC)
Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃)
Aluminum Nitride (AlN)
Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄)
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)

NREL | 5

Strain Energy Density

Strain Energy Density Contour Plot

bull Strain energy densitycycle (volume-averaged at the corner region) was selected as the metric for comparison

NREL | 6

Impact of Baseplate amp Ceramic Material

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Copper AlSiC Al

Stra

in En

ergy

Den

sity

Cycl

e (M

Pa) Si ₃N₄ AlN Al₂O₃

Thickness of baseplate ndash 5 mm ceramic ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

C-SAM Images of SAC305 solder with AlSiC (top) and Cu (bottom) baseplates Images on the left and right were taken at 0 cycles and 500 cycles respectively

bull AlSiC baseplate offers superior reliability than its Cu or Al counterparts mainly due to the low coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch with the ceramic material

MatProperties

Chart1

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
1944981
1541321
0939798
0179141
0161197
0208441
392511
341359
2584948

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubThkVariation_Cu

30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubThkVariation_AlSiC

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

Sheet1

Sheet1

Al
Cu
AlSiC
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum
SAC305
Copper
AlSiC
Aluminum Oxide
Aluminum Nitride
Silicon Nitride
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)
30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
HD_Cu-6mm
RD_Cu-6mm
LD_Cu-6mm
RU_Cu-6mm
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate
987353
642122
-456024
-378683
923847
-251737
-446278
-289891
869985
-112436
-441644
-20142
826528
-16847
-437344
-113478
793482
-193562
-433352
-267531
76978
-205855
-429741
578289
753602
-212609
-426478
140228
742808
-215338
-423498
219073
735334
-212658
-42075
293273
729529
-210149
-4182
360442
724359
-208189
-415817
415434
719366
-206586
-413582
455625
714439
-205962
-411476
480927
709614
-206241
-409486
492206
70495
-207793
-407598
491329
700487
-210607
-405802
477676
696242
-214283
-404091
457667
692218
-218679
-402455
435372
688407
-223716
-40089
412034
684796
-229289
-399389
388742
681374
-23541
-397947
364831
678127
-242023
-39656
340941
675044
-248859
-395224
316071
672111
-256003
-393936
291533
669319
-263503
-392691
267453
666657
-271392
-391488
245001
664116
-280246
-390324
224053
661686
-289863
-389196
204748
659362
-300213
-388102
187481
657134
-311326
-387041
172615
654996
-32266
-38601
159572
652944
-335128
-385008
149148
65097
-348811
-384033
140519
64907
-363845
-383084
133235
647239
-379348
-382159
12711
645474
-396629
-381258
121626
643769
-414574
-380379
116827
642122
-434812
-379521
112569
-456024
-378683
108781

NREL | 7

Impact of Baseplate Thickness amp Footprint

Ceramic (Si3N4) thickness ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm Baseplate thickness ndash 5mm ceramic (Si3N4) ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

Thermal cycling profile - -40degC - 200degC

bull Thickness variation has a larger impact on solder joint reliability than footprintsize variation

Chart1

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
4578005
2194429
0180207
392511
1944981
0179142
315812
1631509
0177693
2275288
1238445
0175518
1295659
0758202
0172362
0476935
0298032
0167606

MatProperties

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubThkVariation_Cu

30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubThkVariation_AlSiC

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

Sheet1

Sheet1

Al
Cu
AlSiC
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum
SAC305
Copper
AlSiC
Aluminum Oxide
Aluminum Nitride
Silicon Nitride
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)
30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
HD_Cu-6mm
RD_Cu-6mm
LD_Cu-6mm
RU_Cu-6mm
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate
987353
642122
-456024
-378683
923847
-251737
-446278
-289891
869985
-112436
-441644
-20142
826528
-16847
-437344
-113478
793482
-193562
-433352
-267531
76978
-205855
-429741
578289
753602
-212609
-426478
140228
742808
-215338
-423498
219073
735334
-212658
-42075
293273
729529
-210149
-4182
360442
724359
-208189
-415817
415434
719366
-206586
-413582
455625
714439
-205962
-411476
480927
709614
-206241
-409486
492206
70495
-207793
-407598
491329
700487
-210607
-405802
477676
696242
-214283
-404091
457667
692218
-218679
-402455
435372
688407
-223716
-40089
412034
684796
-229289
-399389
388742
681374
-23541
-397947
364831
678127
-242023
-39656
340941
675044
-248859
-395224
316071
672111
-256003
-393936
291533
669319
-263503
-392691
267453
666657
-271392
-391488
245001
664116
-280246
-390324
224053
661686
-289863
-389196
204748
659362
-300213
-388102
187481
657134
-311326
-387041
172615
654996
-32266
-38601
159572
652944
-335128
-385008
149148
65097
-348811
-384033
140519
64907
-363845
-383084
133235
647239
-379348
-382159
12711
645474
-396629
-381258
121626
643769
-414574
-380379
116827
642122
-434812
-379521
112569
-456024
-378683
108781

NREL | 8

Impact of Ceramic and Metallization Thickness

Baseplate (Cu) thickness ndash 5 mm ceramic ndash 063 mm Baseplate (Cu) thickness ndash 5 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

bull Higher the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch higher the impact of stiffness variation is

Chart1

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
5883785555
4621163743
2015976646
5032819843
3964128758
1702700695
4089343403
322810827
1357954389
334128457
2641985648
1088452445
2743613918
217137708
08760311193

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubstrateMatampThkVariation

30 C
130 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
FootPrintVariation
Joint Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

NREL | 9

bull Reliability of a power electronics package is mainly determined by the CTE mismatch between the component layers

bull AlSiC baseplate offers superior reliability than Cu or Al baseplates

bull In addition to the CTE mismatch stiffness mismatch also plays a role but its impact is dependent on the inherent CTE mismatch

bull Thicker ceramic materials are not preferred however thicker metallization layers can improve the package reliability

Summary

wwwnrelgov

NRELPR-5400-77235

Thank You

This work was authored by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory operated by Alliance for Sustainable Energy LLC for the US Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No DE-AC36-08GO28308 Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Vehicle Technologies Office The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the US Government The US Government retains and the publisher by accepting the article for publication acknowledges that the US Government retains a nonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this work or allow others to do so for US Government purposes

Acknowledgments

Susan Rogers US Department of Energy

NREL EDT Task Leader

Sreekant NarumanchiSreekantNarumanchinrelgov Phone 303-275-4062

Team Members

Joshua Major (NREL)Douglas DeVoto (NREL)

For more information contact

Principal InvestigatorPaul ParetPaulParetnrelgovPhone 303-275-4376

Joint Length (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
244 302
204
164
124
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 063 0127 588
02 503
03 409
04 334
05 274
Al₂O₃ 063 0127 202
02 170
03 136
04 109
05 088
AlN 063 0127 462
02 396
03 323
04 264
05 217
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 025
032 302
05 435
063 503
075 551
1
Al2O3 025 077
032 100
05 146
063 170
075 187
1 212
AlN 025 189
032 242
05 344
063 396
075 432
1
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 340 023 697
Standard 5 302 022 600
4 254 022 486
3 195 021 354
2 122 020 208
1 051 019 084
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 -352E+06 -352 -0215523 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 -346E+06 -346 -0216828 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 -336E+06 -336 -0217984 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 -324E+06 -324 -0218968 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 -312E+06 -312 -0219805 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 -302E+06 -302 -0220532 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 -294E+06 -294 -0221183 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 -288E+06 -288 -0221777 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 -282E+06 -282 -0222326 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 -277E+06 -277 -0222839 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 -273E+06 -273 -0223321 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 -269E+06 -269 -0223776 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 -265E+06 -265 -0224206 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 -261E+06 -261 -0224615 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 -258E+06 -258 -0225005 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 -255E+06 -255 -0225378 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 -252E+06 -252 -0225735 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 -249E+06 -249 -0226077 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 -247E+06 -247 -0226406 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 -244E+06 -244 -0226724 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 -242E+06 -242 -022703 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 -240E+06 -240 -0227326 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 -238E+06 -238 -0227612 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 -236E+06 -236 -022789 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 -234E+06 -234 -0228159 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 -232E+06 -232 -022842 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 -230E+06 -230 -0228674 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 -228E+06 -228 -0228921 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 -227E+06 -227 -0229161 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 -225E+06 -225 -0229396 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 -224E+06 -224 -0229624 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 -222E+06 -222 -0229847 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 -221E+06 -221 -0230065 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 -220E+06 -220 -0230278 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 -218E+06 -218 -0230486 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 -217E+06 -217 -023069 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 -216E+06 -216 -0230889 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 -214E+06 -214 -0231085 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -431089 -043 -0231096 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 120E+06 120 -0230858 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 211E+06 211 -0230046 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 267E+06 267 -0228708 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 307E+06 307 -0226937 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 340E+06 340 -0224816 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 370E+06 370 -0222409 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 397E+06 397 -0219764 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 428E+06 428 -0216787 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 452E+06 452 -0213695 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 479E+06 479 -0210428 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 504E+06 504 -0207082 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 532E+06 532 -0203609 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 559E+06 559 -0200078 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 587E+06 587 -0196496 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 617E+06 617 -0192869 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 648E+06 648 -0189204 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 680E+06 680 -0185511 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 714E+06 714 -0181804 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 749E+06 749 -0178096 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 785E+06 785 -0174403 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 823E+06 823 -017074 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 863E+06 863 -0167122 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 904E+06 904 -0163563 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 947E+06 947 -0160075 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 992E+06 992 -0156671 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 104E+07 1039 -0153362 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 109E+07 1088 -0150159 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 114E+07 1139 -0147073 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 119E+07 1193 -0144111 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 125E+07 1249 -0141284 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 131E+07 1308 -0138599 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 137E+07 1370 -0136062 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 143E+07 1435 -0133679 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 150E+07 1502 -0131452 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 157E+07 1573 -0129385 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 165E+07 1648 -0127477 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 173E+07 1726 -0125725 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 166E+07 1661 -0125472 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 167E+07 1674 -0125206 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 167E+07 1670 -0124958 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 166E+07 1664 -0124728 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 166E+07 1659 -0124512 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 165E+07 1654 -0124309 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 165E+07 1650 -0124116 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 165E+07 1645 -0123931 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 164E+07 1641 -0123755 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 164E+07 1637 -0123585 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 163E+07 1633 -0123421 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 163E+07 1629 -0123263 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 163E+07 1625 -0123109 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 162E+07 1622 -0122961 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 162E+07 1618 -0122816 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 161E+07 1615 -0122676 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 161E+07 1611 -0122539 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 161E+07 1608 -0122406 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 160E+07 1604 -0122275 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 160E+07 1601 -0122148 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 160E+07 1598 -0122023 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 160E+07 1595 -0121901 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 159E+07 1592 -0121782 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 159E+07 1589 -0121665 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 159E+07 1586 -012155 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 158E+07 1583 -0121437 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 158E+07 1581 -0121326 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 158E+07 1578 -0121217 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 158E+07 1575 -012111 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 157E+07 1573 -0121005 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 157E+07 1570 -0120901 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 157E+07 1567 -0120799 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 156E+07 1565 -0120699 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 156E+07 1562 -01206 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 156E+07 1560 -0120502 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 156E+07 1558 -0120406 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 156E+07 1555 -0120311 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 155E+07 1553 -0120218 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 137E+07 1369 -0120098 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 119E+07 1190 -0120046 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 101E+07 1011 -0120016 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 825E+06 825 -0119993 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 633E+06 633 -011997 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 432E+06 432 -0119945 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 225E+06 225 -0119931 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 196274 020 -0119958 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 -170E+06 -170 -0120062 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 -336E+06 -336 -0120281 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 -474E+06 -474 -0120653 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 -579E+06 -579 -0121212 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 -648E+06 -648 -0121978 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 -684E+06 -684 -0122956 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 -693E+06 -693 -0124137 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 -686E+06 -686 -0125506 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 -671E+06 -671 -0127054 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 -655E+06 -655 -0128785 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 -640E+06 -640 -0130708 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 -626E+06 -626 -013284 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 -612E+06 -612 -013519 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 -604E+06 -604 -0137897 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 -584E+06 -584 -0140753 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 -571E+06 -571 -0143885 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 -554E+06 -554 -0147246 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 -537E+06 -537 -0150812 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 -520E+06 -520 -0154576 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 -503E+06 -503 -0158545 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 -486E+06 -486 -0162729 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 -471E+06 -471 -0167139 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 -456E+06 -456 -0171788 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 -442E+06 -442 -0176691 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 -428E+06 -428 -0181865 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 -417E+06 -417 -0187438 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 -404E+06 -404 -0193251 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 -393E+06 -393 -0199455 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 -382E+06 -382 -020604 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 -372E+06 -372 -0212998 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 302
AlN 242
Al2O3 100
AlSiC Si3N4 0224
AlN 0181
Al2O3 0377
Al Si3N4 600
AlN 524
Al2O3 317
Substrate Dimensions (mm)
Si3N4 2322
AlN
Al2O3
Al baseplate (5mm) with metallization CTE on alumina calculated using Curamik formula - MPa
AlSiC baseplate (5mm) with alumina CTE as 68E-6 (from Curamik) - 025 MPa
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
0127 0127 0127
02 02 02
03 03 03
04 04 04
05 05 05
00276558 0031039 000426353 000346154
00279074 00310325 000422608 000345851
00281621 00309413 000418613 000345848
00284048 00306944 000414529 00034588
00286244 00303134 000410685 000345935
00288157 002986 00040712 000346213
00289786 00293428 000403798 000348785
00291169 00287691 000400682 000356746
00292362 00280983 000397746 000368678
00293422 00273982 000394969 000383575
00294392 00266435 000392334 000402226
00295298 00258482 000389824 0004251
00296155 00250235 000387428 000451869
00296969 00241633 000385135 000482161
00297748 00232901 000382935 000515605
00298494 00224002 000380821 000554802
0029921 0021499 000378786 000597029
002999 00205914 000376823 000643273
00300566 00196813 000374928 000693862
00301209 00187748 000373094 00074826
00301833 00178739 000371319 000807609
00302438 00169801 000369598 0008709
00303025 00160953 000367927 000939524
00303597 00152206 000366304 00101207
00304154 00143569 000364725 00108861
00304696 00135051 000363188 00116803
00305226 00126695 00036169 00125062
00305744 00118515 00036023 00133659
00306251 00110522 000358805 00142614
00306747 00102728 000357414 00151947
00307232 00095079 000356054 00161804
00307708 000876657 000354724 00172087
00308175 000805038 000353424 00182957
00308634 000736073 00035215 00194463
00309084 000668749 000350903 00206658
00309527 000604502 000349681 00219735
00309962 000542059 000348483 00233748
0031039 000483211 000347308 00248903
000426353 000346154 0026541
Cu-6mm
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain
22396 150 101E+07 1007 316E-02
22412 150 947E+06 947 318E-02
22427 150 895E+06 895 321E-02
22443 150 851E+06 851 324E-02
22459 150 817E+06 817 326E-02
22475 150 792E+06 792 328E-02
22491 150 774E+06 774 330E-02
22506 150 762E+06 762 331E-02
22522 150 754E+06 754 333E-02
22538 150 747E+06 747 334E-02
22554 150 742E+06 742 335E-02
22569 150 737E+06 737 336E-02
22585 150 732E+06 732 337E-02
22601 150 727E+06 727 338E-02
22617 150 723E+06 723 338E-02
22633 150 718E+06 718 339E-02
22648 150 714E+06 714 340E-02
22664 150 709E+06 709 341E-02
22680 150 705E+06 705 342E-02
22696 150 702E+06 702 342E-02
22712 150 698E+06 698 343E-02
22727 150 695E+06 695 343E-02
22743 150 691E+06 691 344E-02
22759 150 688E+06 688 345E-02
22775 150 685E+06 685 345E-02
22791 150 682E+06 682 346E-02
22806 150 680E+06 680 346E-02
22822 150 677E+06 677 347E-02
22838 150 675E+06 675 348E-02
22854 150 672E+06 672 348E-02
22869 150 670E+06 670 349E-02
22885 150 668E+06 668 349E-02
22901 150 666E+06 666 350E-02
22917 150 664E+06 664 350E-02
22933 150 662E+06 662 351E-02
22948 150 660E+06 660 351E-02
22964 150 658E+06 658 351E-02
22980 150 656E+06 656 352E-02
23040 145 -292E+06 -292 352E-02
23100 140 -120E+07 -1200 351E-02
23160 135 -175E+07 -1748 348E-02
23220 130 -197E+07 -1971 344E-02
23280 125 -209E+07 -2088 339E-02
23340 120 -215E+07 -2147 333E-02
23400 115 -217E+07 -2169 327E-02
23460 110 -214E+07 -2136 319E-02
23520 105 -209E+07 -2088 311E-02
23580 100 -206E+07 -2055 302E-02
23640 95 -204E+07 -2037 293E-02
23700 90 -203E+07 -2033 284E-02
23760 85 -204E+07 -2044 274E-02
23820 80 -207E+07 -2068 264E-02
23880 75 -210E+07 -2103 254E-02
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 244E-02
24000 65 -219E+07 -2188 233E-02
24060 60 -224E+07 -2239 223E-02
24120 55 -230E+07 -2295 213E-02
24180 50 -235E+07 -2355 203E-02
24240 45 -242E+07 -2419 193E-02
24300 40 -249E+07 -2485 183E-02
24360 35 -255E+07 -2555 173E-02
24420 30 -263E+07 -2628 163E-02
24480 25 -270E+07 -2704 154E-02
24540 20 -278E+07 -2785 144E-02
24600 15 -288E+07 -2882 135E-02
24660 10 -298E+07 -2985 126E-02
24720 5 -309E+07 -3094 118E-02
24780 0 -321E+07 -3210 109E-02
24840 -5 -333E+07 -3335 101E-02
24900 -10 -347E+07 -3469 930E-03
24960 -15 -361E+07 -3613 853E-03
25020 -20 -377E+07 -3770 780E-03
25080 -25 -393E+07 -3932 708E-03
25140 -30 -411E+07 -4111 639E-03
25200 -35 -431E+07 -4310 574E-03
25260 -40 -452E+07 -4517 511E-03
25276 -40 -442E+07 -4419 507E-03
25292 -40 -437E+07 -4373 503E-03
25307 -40 -433E+07 -4330 498E-03
25323 -40 -429E+07 -4289 494E-03
25339 -40 -425E+07 -4253 490E-03
25355 -40 -422E+07 -4220 486E-03
25371 -40 -419E+07 -4190 483E-03
25386 -40 -416E+07 -4162 480E-03
25402 -40 -414E+07 -4136 477E-03
25418 -40 -411E+07 -4113 474E-03
25434 -40 -409E+07 -4090 471E-03
25449 -40 -407E+07 -4069 468E-03
25465 -40 -405E+07 -4049 466E-03
25481 -40 -403E+07 -4030 463E-03
25497 -40 -401E+07 -4012 461E-03
25513 -40 -400E+07 -3995 459E-03
25528 -40 -398E+07 -3979 457E-03
25544 -40 -396E+07 -3963 454E-03
25560 -40 -395E+07 -3949 452E-03
25576 -40 -393E+07 -3934 450E-03
25592 -40 -392E+07 -3920 449E-03
25607 -40 -391E+07 -3907 447E-03
25623 -40 -389E+07 -3894 445E-03
25639 -40 -388E+07 -3882 443E-03
25655 -40 -387E+07 -3870 442E-03
25671 -40 -386E+07 -3858 440E-03
25686 -40 -385E+07 -3847 438E-03
25702 -40 -384E+07 -3836 437E-03
25718 -40 -383E+07 -3826 435E-03
25734 -40 -382E+07 -3816 434E-03
25749 -40 -381E+07 -3806 432E-03
25765 -40 -380E+07 -3796 431E-03
25781 -40 -379E+07 -3786 429E-03
25797 -40 -378E+07 -3777 428E-03
25813 -40 -377E+07 -3768 427E-03
25828 -40 -376E+07 -3760 425E-03
25844 -40 -375E+07 -3751 424E-03
25860 -40 -374E+07 -3743 423E-03
25920 -35 -282E+07 -2819 422E-03
25980 -30 -190E+07 -1897 422E-03
26040 -25 -979E+06 -979 422E-03
26100 -20 -735253 -074 422E-03
26160 -15 809E+06 809 423E-03
26220 -10 167E+07 1670 426E-03
26280 -5 249E+07 2487 435E-03
26340 0 325E+07 3254 448E-03
26400 5 393E+07 3933 465E-03
26460 10 446E+07 4463 486E-03
26520 15 482E+07 4823 511E-03
26580 20 502E+07 5023 541E-03
26640 25 508E+07 5081 574E-03
26700 30 502E+07 5023 611E-03
26760 35 485E+07 4847 654E-03
26820 40 462E+07 4617 700E-03
26880 45 437E+07 4374 752E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4124 809E-03
27000 55 387E+07 3870 871E-03
27060 60 362E+07 3617 938E-03
27120 65 336E+07 3359 101E-02
27180 70 310E+07 3104 109E-02
27240 75 285E+07 2853 117E-02
27300 80 261E+07 2615 125E-02
27360 85 239E+07 2390 134E-02
27420 90 218E+07 2181 144E-02
27480 95 199E+07 1994 153E-02
27540 100 183E+07 1832 164E-02
27600 105 170E+07 1696 174E-02
27660 110 158E+07 1583 185E-02
27720 115 149E+07 1490 197E-02
27780 120 141E+07 1408 209E-02
27840 125 134E+07 1337 222E-02
27900 130 128E+07 1278 236E-02
27960 135 123E+07 1226 251E-02
28020 140 118E+07 1181 267E-02
28080 145 114E+07 1142 284E-02
28140 150 111E+07 1106 303E-02
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
AlSiC 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Material CTE Elastic Modulus (GPa)
Cu 17E-05 115
Alumina 680E-06 370
AlN 450E-06 330
CTE of DBC 0000008115
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Side (mm) Cu Al AlSiC
508 302 600 022
558 353 719 023
608 383 793 023
658 405 848 023
708 422 890 024
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB -558 Cu 352
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si3N4 063 0127 044
02 031
03 022
04 018
05 019
Al2O3 063 0127 016
02 017
03 020
04 026
05 033
AlN 063 0127 026
02 020
03 017
04 018
05 020
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 386
02 328
03 264
04 213
05 172
Al2O3 063 0127 181
02 154
03 124
04 099
05 079
AlN 063 0127 301
02 256
03 206
04 166
05 134
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 025 016
032 018
05 025
063 031
075 037
1 046
Al₂O₃ 025 023
032 021
05 018
063 017
075 017
1 016
AlN 025 016
032 016
05 018
063 020
075 022
1 026
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 025 150
032 194
05 283
063 328
075 360
1 403
Al₂O₃ 025 073
032 094
05 134
063 154
075 168
1 186
AlN 025 120
032 154
05 222
063 256
075 280
1 312
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 219 018 458
Standard 5 194 018 393
4 163 018 316
3 124 018 228
2 076 017 130
1 030 017 048
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 987E+06 987 277E-02 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 924E+06 924 279E-02 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 870E+06 870 282E-02 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 827E+06 827 284E-02 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 793E+06 793 286E-02 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 770E+06 770 288E-02 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 754E+06 754 290E-02 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 743E+06 743 291E-02 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 735E+06 735 292E-02 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 730E+06 730 293E-02 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 724E+06 724 294E-02 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 719E+06 719 295E-02 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 714E+06 714 296E-02 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 710E+06 710 297E-02 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 705E+06 705 298E-02 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 700E+06 700 298E-02 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 696E+06 696 299E-02 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 692E+06 692 300E-02 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 688E+06 688 301E-02 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 685E+06 685 301E-02 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 681E+06 681 302E-02 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 678E+06 678 302E-02 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 675E+06 675 303E-02 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 672E+06 672 304E-02 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 669E+06 669 304E-02 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 667E+06 667 305E-02 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 664E+06 664 305E-02 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 662E+06 662 306E-02 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 659E+06 659 306E-02 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 657E+06 657 307E-02 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 655E+06 655 307E-02 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 653E+06 653 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 651E+06 651 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 649E+06 649 309E-02 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 647E+06 647 309E-02 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 645E+06 645 310E-02 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 644E+06 644 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 642E+06 642 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -252E+06 -252 310E-02 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 -112E+07 -1124 309E-02 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 -168E+07 -1685 307E-02 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 -194E+07 -1936 303E-02 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 -206E+07 -2059 299E-02 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 -213E+07 -2126 293E-02 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 -215E+07 -2153 288E-02 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 -213E+07 -2127 281E-02 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 -210E+07 -2101 274E-02 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 -208E+07 -2082 266E-02 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 -207E+07 -2066 258E-02 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 -206E+07 -2060 250E-02 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 -206E+07 -2062 242E-02 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 -208E+07 -2078 233E-02 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 -211E+07 -2106 224E-02 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 215E-02 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 -219E+07 -2187 206E-02 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 -224E+07 -2237 197E-02 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 -229E+07 -2293 188E-02 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 -235E+07 -2354 179E-02 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 -242E+07 -2420 170E-02 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 -249E+07 -2489 161E-02 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 -256E+07 -2560 152E-02 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 -264E+07 -2635 144E-02 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 -271E+07 -2714 135E-02 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 -280E+07 -2802 127E-02 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 -290E+07 -2899 119E-02 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 -300E+07 -3002 111E-02 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 -311E+07 -3113 103E-02 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 -323E+07 -3227 951E-03 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 -335E+07 -3351 877E-03 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 -349E+07 -3488 805E-03 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 -364E+07 -3638 736E-03 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 -379E+07 -3793 669E-03 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 -397E+07 -3966 605E-03 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 -415E+07 -4146 542E-03 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 -435E+07 -4348 483E-03 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 -456E+07 -4560 426E-03 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 -446E+07 -4463 423E-03 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 -442E+07 -4416 419E-03 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 -437E+07 -4373 415E-03 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 -433E+07 -4334 411E-03 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 -430E+07 -4297 407E-03 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 -426E+07 -4265 404E-03 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 -423E+07 -4235 401E-03 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 -421E+07 -4208 398E-03 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 -418E+07 -4182 395E-03 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 -416E+07 -4158 392E-03 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 -414E+07 -4136 390E-03 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 -411E+07 -4115 387E-03 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 -409E+07 -4095 385E-03 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 -408E+07 -4076 383E-03 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 -406E+07 -4058 381E-03 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 -404E+07 -4041 379E-03 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 -402E+07 -4025 377E-03 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 -401E+07 -4009 375E-03 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 -399E+07 -3994 373E-03 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 -398E+07 -3979 371E-03 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 -397E+07 -3966 370E-03 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 -395E+07 -3952 368E-03 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 -394E+07 -3939 366E-03 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 -393E+07 -3927 365E-03 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 -391E+07 -3915 363E-03 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 -390E+07 -3903 362E-03 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 -389E+07 -3892 360E-03 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 -388E+07 -3881 359E-03 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 -387E+07 -3870 357E-03 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 -386E+07 -3860 356E-03 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 -385E+07 -3850 355E-03 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 -384E+07 -3840 353E-03 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 -383E+07 -3831 352E-03 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 -382E+07 -3822 351E-03 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 -381E+07 -3813 350E-03 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 -380E+07 -3804 348E-03 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 -380E+07 -3795 347E-03 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 -379E+07 -3787 346E-03 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 -290E+07 -2899 346E-03 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 -201E+07 -2014 346E-03 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 -113E+07 -1135 346E-03 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 -268E+06 -268 346E-03 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 578E+06 578 346E-03 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 140E+07 1402 349E-03 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 219E+07 2191 357E-03 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 293E+07 2933 369E-03 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 360E+07 3604 384E-03 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 415E+07 4154 402E-03 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 456E+07 4556 425E-03 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 481E+07 4809 452E-03 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 492E+07 4922 482E-03 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 491E+07 4913 516E-03 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 478E+07 4777 555E-03 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 458E+07 4577 597E-03 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 435E+07 4354 643E-03 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4120 694E-03 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 389E+07 3887 748E-03 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 365E+07 3648 808E-03 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 341E+07 3409 871E-03 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 316E+07 3161 940E-03 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 292E+07 2915 101E-02 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 267E+07 2675 109E-02 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 245E+07 2450 117E-02 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 224E+07 2241 125E-02 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 205E+07 2047 134E-02 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 187E+07 1875 143E-02 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 173E+07 1726 152E-02 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 160E+07 1596 162E-02 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 149E+07 1491 172E-02 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 141E+07 1405 183E-02 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 133E+07 1332 194E-02 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 127E+07 1271 207E-02 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 122E+07 1216 220E-02 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 117E+07 1168 234E-02 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 113E+07 1126 249E-02 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 109E+07 1088 265E-02 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 194
AlN 154
Al2O3 094
AlSiC Si3N4 0179
AlN 0161
Al2O3 0208
Al Si3N4 393
AlN 341
Al2O3 258
Trials SEDCycle (MPa)
AlSiC-Al2O3 Al2O3 elastic modulus is same as Si3N4 0226
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
Substrate Dimensions (mm) Elastic Modulus (GPa) Poissons Ratio CTE (ppmdegC) Remarks
Si3N4 2322 300 028 28 KyoceraRogers
AlN 330 024 45 Accuratus
Al2O3 360 021 72 Kyocera
6 6 6
5 5 5
4 4 4
3 3 3
2 2 2
1 1 1
00276558 0031039 000426353 000346154
00279074 00310325 000422608 000345851
00281621 00309413 000418613 000345848
00284048 00306944 000414529 00034588
00286244 00303134 000410685 000345935
00288157 002986 00040712 000346213
00289786 00293428 000403798 000348785
00291169 00287691 000400682 000356746
00292362 00280983 000397746 000368678
00293422 00273982 000394969 000383575
00294392 00266435 000392334 000402226
00295298 00258482 000389824 0004251
00296155 00250235 000387428 000451869
00296969 00241633 000385135 000482161
00297748 00232901 000382935 000515605
00298494 00224002 000380821 000554802
0029921 0021499 000378786 000597029
002999 00205914 000376823 000643273
00300566 00196813 000374928 000693862
00301209 00187748 000373094 00074826
00301833 00178739 000371319 000807609
00302438 00169801 000369598 0008709
00303025 00160953 000367927 000939524
00303597 00152206 000366304 00101207
00304154 00143569 000364725 00108861
00304696 00135051 000363188 00116803
00305226 00126695 00036169 00125062
00305744 00118515 00036023 00133659
00306251 00110522 000358805 00142614
00306747 00102728 000357414 00151947
00307232 00095079 000356054 00161804
00307708 000876657 000354724 00172087
00308175 000805038 000353424 00182957
00308634 000736073 00035215 00194463
00309084 000668749 000350903 00206658
00309527 000604502 000349681 00219735
00309962 000542059 000348483 00233748
0031039 000483211 000347308 00248903
000426353 000346154 0026541
Cu-6mm
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain
22396 150 101E+07 1007 316E-02
22412 150 947E+06 947 318E-02
22427 150 895E+06 895 321E-02
22443 150 851E+06 851 324E-02
22459 150 817E+06 817 326E-02
22475 150 792E+06 792 328E-02
22491 150 774E+06 774 330E-02
22506 150 762E+06 762 331E-02
22522 150 754E+06 754 333E-02
22538 150 747E+06 747 334E-02
22554 150 742E+06 742 335E-02
22569 150 737E+06 737 336E-02
22585 150 732E+06 732 337E-02
22601 150 727E+06 727 338E-02
22617 150 723E+06 723 338E-02
22633 150 718E+06 718 339E-02
22648 150 714E+06 714 340E-02
22664 150 709E+06 709 341E-02
22680 150 705E+06 705 342E-02
22696 150 702E+06 702 342E-02
22712 150 698E+06 698 343E-02
22727 150 695E+06 695 343E-02
22743 150 691E+06 691 344E-02
22759 150 688E+06 688 345E-02
22775 150 685E+06 685 345E-02
22791 150 682E+06 682 346E-02
22806 150 680E+06 680 346E-02
22822 150 677E+06 677 347E-02
22838 150 675E+06 675 348E-02
22854 150 672E+06 672 348E-02
22869 150 670E+06 670 349E-02
22885 150 668E+06 668 349E-02
22901 150 666E+06 666 350E-02
22917 150 664E+06 664 350E-02
22933 150 662E+06 662 351E-02
22948 150 660E+06 660 351E-02
22964 150 658E+06 658 351E-02
22980 150 656E+06 656 352E-02
23040 145 -292E+06 -292 352E-02
23100 140 -120E+07 -1200 351E-02
23160 135 -175E+07 -1748 348E-02
23220 130 -197E+07 -1971 344E-02
23280 125 -209E+07 -2088 339E-02
23340 120 -215E+07 -2147 333E-02
23400 115 -217E+07 -2169 327E-02
23460 110 -214E+07 -2136 319E-02
23520 105 -209E+07 -2088 311E-02
23580 100 -206E+07 -2055 302E-02
23640 95 -204E+07 -2037 293E-02
23700 90 -203E+07 -2033 284E-02
23760 85 -204E+07 -2044 274E-02
23820 80 -207E+07 -2068 264E-02
23880 75 -210E+07 -2103 254E-02
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 244E-02
24000 65 -219E+07 -2188 233E-02
24060 60 -224E+07 -2239 223E-02
24120 55 -230E+07 -2295 213E-02
24180 50 -235E+07 -2355 203E-02
24240 45 -242E+07 -2419 193E-02
24300 40 -249E+07 -2485 183E-02
24360 35 -255E+07 -2555 173E-02
24420 30 -263E+07 -2628 163E-02
24480 25 -270E+07 -2704 154E-02
24540 20 -278E+07 -2785 144E-02
24600 15 -288E+07 -2882 135E-02
24660 10 -298E+07 -2985 126E-02
24720 5 -309E+07 -3094 118E-02
24780 0 -321E+07 -3210 109E-02
24840 -5 -333E+07 -3335 101E-02
24900 -10 -347E+07 -3469 930E-03
24960 -15 -361E+07 -3613 853E-03
25020 -20 -377E+07 -3770 780E-03
25080 -25 -393E+07 -3932 708E-03
25140 -30 -411E+07 -4111 639E-03
25200 -35 -431E+07 -4310 574E-03
25260 -40 -452E+07 -4517 511E-03
25276 -40 -442E+07 -4419 507E-03
25292 -40 -437E+07 -4373 503E-03
25307 -40 -433E+07 -4330 498E-03
25323 -40 -429E+07 -4289 494E-03
25339 -40 -425E+07 -4253 490E-03
25355 -40 -422E+07 -4220 486E-03
25371 -40 -419E+07 -4190 483E-03
25386 -40 -416E+07 -4162 480E-03
25402 -40 -414E+07 -4136 477E-03
25418 -40 -411E+07 -4113 474E-03
25434 -40 -409E+07 -4090 471E-03
25449 -40 -407E+07 -4069 468E-03
25465 -40 -405E+07 -4049 466E-03
25481 -40 -403E+07 -4030 463E-03
25497 -40 -401E+07 -4012 461E-03
25513 -40 -400E+07 -3995 459E-03
25528 -40 -398E+07 -3979 457E-03
25544 -40 -396E+07 -3963 454E-03
25560 -40 -395E+07 -3949 452E-03
25576 -40 -393E+07 -3934 450E-03
25592 -40 -392E+07 -3920 449E-03
25607 -40 -391E+07 -3907 447E-03
25623 -40 -389E+07 -3894 445E-03
25639 -40 -388E+07 -3882 443E-03
25655 -40 -387E+07 -3870 442E-03
25671 -40 -386E+07 -3858 440E-03
25686 -40 -385E+07 -3847 438E-03
25702 -40 -384E+07 -3836 437E-03
25718 -40 -383E+07 -3826 435E-03
25734 -40 -382E+07 -3816 434E-03
25749 -40 -381E+07 -3806 432E-03
25765 -40 -380E+07 -3796 431E-03
25781 -40 -379E+07 -3786 429E-03
25797 -40 -378E+07 -3777 428E-03
25813 -40 -377E+07 -3768 427E-03
25828 -40 -376E+07 -3760 425E-03
25844 -40 -375E+07 -3751 424E-03
25860 -40 -374E+07 -3743 423E-03
25920 -35 -282E+07 -2819 422E-03
25980 -30 -190E+07 -1897 422E-03
26040 -25 -979E+06 -979 422E-03
26100 -20 -735253 -074 422E-03
26160 -15 809E+06 809 423E-03
26220 -10 167E+07 1670 426E-03
26280 -5 249E+07 2487 435E-03
26340 0 325E+07 3254 448E-03
26400 5 393E+07 3933 465E-03
26460 10 446E+07 4463 486E-03
26520 15 482E+07 4823 511E-03
26580 20 502E+07 5023 541E-03
26640 25 508E+07 5081 574E-03
26700 30 502E+07 5023 611E-03
26760 35 485E+07 4847 654E-03
26820 40 462E+07 4617 700E-03
26880 45 437E+07 4374 752E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4124 809E-03
27000 55 387E+07 3870 871E-03
27060 60 362E+07 3617 938E-03
27120 65 336E+07 3359 101E-02
27180 70 310E+07 3104 109E-02
27240 75 285E+07 2853 117E-02
27300 80 261E+07 2615 125E-02
27360 85 239E+07 2390 134E-02
27420 90 218E+07 2181 144E-02
27480 95 199E+07 1994 153E-02
27540 100 183E+07 1832 164E-02
27600 105 170E+07 1696 174E-02
27660 110 158E+07 1583 185E-02
27720 115 149E+07 1490 197E-02
27780 120 141E+07 1408 209E-02
27840 125 134E+07 1337 222E-02
27900 130 128E+07 1278 236E-02
27960 135 123E+07 1226 251E-02
28020 140 118E+07 1181 267E-02
28080 145 114E+07 1142 284E-02
28140 150 111E+07 1106 303E-02
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
AlSiC 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Material CTE Elastic Modulus (GPa)
Cu 17E-05 115
Alumina 680E-06 370
AlN 450E-06 330
CTE of DBC 0000008115
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Side (mm) Cu Al AlSiC
508 302 600 022
558 353 719 023
608 383 793 023
658 405 848 023
708 422 890 024
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB -558 Cu 352
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si3N4 063 0127 044
02 031
03 022
04 018
05 019
Al2O3 063 0127 016
02 017
03 020
04 026
05 033
AlN 063 0127 026
02 020
03 017
04 018
05 020
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 386
02 328
03 264
04 213
05 172
Al2O3 063 0127 181
02 154
03 124
04 099
05 079
AlN 063 0127 301
02 256
03 206
04 166
05 134
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 025 016
032 018
05 025
063 031
075 037
1 046
Al₂O₃ 025 023
032 021
05 018
063 017
075 017
1 016
AlN 025 016
032 016
05 018
063 020
075 022
1 026
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 025 150
032 194
05 283
063 328
075 360
1 403
Al₂O₃ 025 073
032 094
05 134
063 154
075 168
1 186
AlN 025 120
032 154
05 222
063 256
075 280
1 312
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 219 018 458
Standard 5 194 018 393
4 163 018 316
3 124 018 228
2 076 017 130
1 030 017 048
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 987E+06 987 277E-02 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 924E+06 924 279E-02 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 870E+06 870 282E-02 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 827E+06 827 284E-02 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 793E+06 793 286E-02 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 770E+06 770 288E-02 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 754E+06 754 290E-02 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 743E+06 743 291E-02 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 735E+06 735 292E-02 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 730E+06 730 293E-02 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 724E+06 724 294E-02 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 719E+06 719 295E-02 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 714E+06 714 296E-02 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 710E+06 710 297E-02 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 705E+06 705 298E-02 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 700E+06 700 298E-02 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 696E+06 696 299E-02 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 692E+06 692 300E-02 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 688E+06 688 301E-02 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 685E+06 685 301E-02 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 681E+06 681 302E-02 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 678E+06 678 302E-02 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 675E+06 675 303E-02 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 672E+06 672 304E-02 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 669E+06 669 304E-02 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 667E+06 667 305E-02 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 664E+06 664 305E-02 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 662E+06 662 306E-02 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 659E+06 659 306E-02 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 657E+06 657 307E-02 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 655E+06 655 307E-02 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 653E+06 653 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 651E+06 651 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 649E+06 649 309E-02 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 647E+06 647 309E-02 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 645E+06 645 310E-02 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 644E+06 644 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 642E+06 642 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -252E+06 -252 310E-02 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 -112E+07 -1124 309E-02 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 -168E+07 -1685 307E-02 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 -194E+07 -1936 303E-02 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 -206E+07 -2059 299E-02 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 -213E+07 -2126 293E-02 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 -215E+07 -2153 288E-02 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 -213E+07 -2127 281E-02 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 -210E+07 -2101 274E-02 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 -208E+07 -2082 266E-02 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 -207E+07 -2066 258E-02 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 -206E+07 -2060 250E-02 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 -206E+07 -2062 242E-02 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 -208E+07 -2078 233E-02 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 -211E+07 -2106 224E-02 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 215E-02 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 -219E+07 -2187 206E-02 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 -224E+07 -2237 197E-02 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 -229E+07 -2293 188E-02 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 -235E+07 -2354 179E-02 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 -242E+07 -2420 170E-02 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 -249E+07 -2489 161E-02 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 -256E+07 -2560 152E-02 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 -264E+07 -2635 144E-02 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 -271E+07 -2714 135E-02 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 -280E+07 -2802 127E-02 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 -290E+07 -2899 119E-02 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 -300E+07 -3002 111E-02 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 -311E+07 -3113 103E-02 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 -323E+07 -3227 951E-03 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 -335E+07 -3351 877E-03 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 -349E+07 -3488 805E-03 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 -364E+07 -3638 736E-03 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 -379E+07 -3793 669E-03 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 -397E+07 -3966 605E-03 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 -415E+07 -4146 542E-03 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 -435E+07 -4348 483E-03 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 -456E+07 -4560 426E-03 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 -446E+07 -4463 423E-03 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 -442E+07 -4416 419E-03 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 -437E+07 -4373 415E-03 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 -433E+07 -4334 411E-03 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 -430E+07 -4297 407E-03 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 -426E+07 -4265 404E-03 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 -423E+07 -4235 401E-03 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 -421E+07 -4208 398E-03 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 -418E+07 -4182 395E-03 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 -416E+07 -4158 392E-03 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 -414E+07 -4136 390E-03 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 -411E+07 -4115 387E-03 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 -409E+07 -4095 385E-03 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 -408E+07 -4076 383E-03 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 -406E+07 -4058 381E-03 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 -404E+07 -4041 379E-03 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 -402E+07 -4025 377E-03 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 -401E+07 -4009 375E-03 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 -399E+07 -3994 373E-03 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 -398E+07 -3979 371E-03 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 -397E+07 -3966 370E-03 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 -395E+07 -3952 368E-03 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 -394E+07 -3939 366E-03 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 -393E+07 -3927 365E-03 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 -391E+07 -3915 363E-03 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 -390E+07 -3903 362E-03 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 -389E+07 -3892 360E-03 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 -388E+07 -3881 359E-03 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 -387E+07 -3870 357E-03 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 -386E+07 -3860 356E-03 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 -385E+07 -3850 355E-03 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 -384E+07 -3840 353E-03 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 -383E+07 -3831 352E-03 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 -382E+07 -3822 351E-03 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 -381E+07 -3813 350E-03 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 -380E+07 -3804 348E-03 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 -380E+07 -3795 347E-03 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 -379E+07 -3787 346E-03 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 -290E+07 -2899 346E-03 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 -201E+07 -2014 346E-03 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 -113E+07 -1135 346E-03 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 -268E+06 -268 346E-03 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 578E+06 578 346E-03 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 140E+07 1402 349E-03 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 219E+07 2191 357E-03 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 293E+07 2933 369E-03 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 360E+07 3604 384E-03 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 415E+07 4154 402E-03 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 456E+07 4556 425E-03 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 481E+07 4809 452E-03 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 492E+07 4922 482E-03 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 491E+07 4913 516E-03 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 478E+07 4777 555E-03 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 458E+07 4577 597E-03 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 435E+07 4354 643E-03 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4120 694E-03 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 389E+07 3887 748E-03 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 365E+07 3648 808E-03 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 341E+07 3409 871E-03 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 316E+07 3161 940E-03 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 292E+07 2915 101E-02 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 267E+07 2675 109E-02 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 245E+07 2450 117E-02 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 224E+07 2241 125E-02 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 205E+07 2047 134E-02 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 187E+07 1875 143E-02 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 173E+07 1726 152E-02 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 160E+07 1596 162E-02 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 149E+07 1491 172E-02 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 141E+07 1405 183E-02 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 133E+07 1332 194E-02 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 127E+07 1271 207E-02 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 122E+07 1216 220E-02 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 117E+07 1168 234E-02 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 113E+07 1126 249E-02 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 109E+07 1088 265E-02 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 194
AlN 154
Al₂O₃ 094
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 0179
AlN 0161
Al₂O₃ 0208
Al Si₃N₄ 393
AlN 341
Al₂O₃ 258
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
Copper Copper Copper
AlSiC AlSiC AlSiC
Al Al Al
Substrate Dimensions (mm) Elastic Modulus (GPa) Poissons Ratio CTE (ppmdegC) Remarks
Si3N4 2322 300 028 28 KyoceraRogers
AlN 330 024 45 Accuratus
Al2O3 360 021 72 Kyocera
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper (Cu) 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum (Al) 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
Aluminum Silicon Carbide (AlSiC) 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄) 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride (AlN) 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃) 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Baseplate Side (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB
508 302
558 353 352
608 383
658 405
708
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 588
02 503
03 409
04 334
05 274
Al2O3 063 0127 202
02 170
03 136
04 109
05 088
AlN 063 0127 462
02 396
03 323
04 264
05 217
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 025 235
032 302
05 435
063 503
075 551
1 617
Al2O3 025 077
032 100
05 146
063 170
075 187
1 212
AlN 025 189
032 242
05 344
063 396
075 432
1 482
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 340 023 697
Standard 5 302 022 600
4 254 022 486
3 195 021 354
2 122 020 208
1 051 019 084
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 -352E+06 -352 -0215523 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 -346E+06 -346 -0216828 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 -336E+06 -336 -0217984 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 -324E+06 -324 -0218968 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 -312E+06 -312 -0219805 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 -302E+06 -302 -0220532 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 -294E+06 -294 -0221183 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 -288E+06 -288 -0221777 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 -282E+06 -282 -0222326 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 -277E+06 -277 -0222839 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 -273E+06 -273 -0223321 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 -269E+06 -269 -0223776 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 -265E+06 -265 -0224206 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 -261E+06 -261 -0224615 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 -258E+06 -258 -0225005 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 -255E+06 -255 -0225378 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 -252E+06 -252 -0225735 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 -249E+06 -249 -0226077 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 -247E+06 -247 -0226406 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 -244E+06 -244 -0226724 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 -242E+06 -242 -022703 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 -240E+06 -240 -0227326 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 -238E+06 -238 -0227612 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 -236E+06 -236 -022789 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 -234E+06 -234 -0228159 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 -232E+06 -232 -022842 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 -230E+06 -230 -0228674 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 -228E+06 -228 -0228921 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 -227E+06 -227 -0229161 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 -225E+06 -225 -0229396 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 -224E+06 -224 -0229624 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 -222E+06 -222 -0229847 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 -221E+06 -221 -0230065 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 -220E+06 -220 -0230278 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 -218E+06 -218 -0230486 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 -217E+06 -217 -023069 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 -216E+06 -216 -0230889 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 -214E+06 -214 -0231085 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -431089 -043 -0231096 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 120E+06 120 -0230858 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 211E+06 211 -0230046 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 267E+06 267 -0228708 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 307E+06 307 -0226937 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 340E+06 340 -0224816 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 370E+06 370 -0222409 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 397E+06 397 -0219764 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 428E+06 428 -0216787 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 452E+06 452 -0213695 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 479E+06 479 -0210428 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 504E+06 504 -0207082 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 532E+06 532 -0203609 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 559E+06 559 -0200078 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 587E+06 587 -0196496 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 617E+06 617 -0192869 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 648E+06 648 -0189204 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 680E+06 680 -0185511 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 714E+06 714 -0181804 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 749E+06 749 -0178096 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 785E+06 785 -0174403 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 823E+06 823 -017074 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 863E+06 863 -0167122 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 904E+06 904 -0163563 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 947E+06 947 -0160075 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 992E+06 992 -0156671 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 104E+07 1039 -0153362 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 109E+07 1088 -0150159 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 114E+07 1139 -0147073 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 119E+07 1193 -0144111 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 125E+07 1249 -0141284 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 131E+07 1308 -0138599 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 137E+07 1370 -0136062 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 143E+07 1435 -0133679 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 150E+07 1502 -0131452 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 157E+07 1573 -0129385 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 165E+07 1648 -0127477 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 173E+07 1726 -0125725 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 166E+07 1661 -0125472 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 167E+07 1674 -0125206 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 167E+07 1670 -0124958 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 166E+07 1664 -0124728 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 166E+07 1659 -0124512 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 165E+07 1654 -0124309 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 165E+07 1650 -0124116 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 165E+07 1645 -0123931 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 164E+07 1641 -0123755 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 164E+07 1637 -0123585 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 163E+07 1633 -0123421 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 163E+07 1629 -0123263 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 163E+07 1625 -0123109 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 162E+07 1622 -0122961 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 162E+07 1618 -0122816 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 161E+07 1615 -0122676 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 161E+07 1611 -0122539 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 161E+07 1608 -0122406 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 160E+07 1604 -0122275 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 160E+07 1601 -0122148 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 160E+07 1598 -0122023 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 160E+07 1595 -0121901 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 159E+07 1592 -0121782 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 159E+07 1589 -0121665 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 159E+07 1586 -012155 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 158E+07 1583 -0121437 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 158E+07 1581 -0121326 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 158E+07 1578 -0121217 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 158E+07 1575 -012111 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 157E+07 1573 -0121005 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 157E+07 1570 -0120901 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 157E+07 1567 -0120799 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 156E+07 1565 -0120699 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 156E+07 1562 -01206 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 156E+07 1560 -0120502 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 156E+07 1558 -0120406 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 156E+07 1555 -0120311 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 155E+07 1553 -0120218 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 137E+07 1369 -0120098 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 119E+07 1190 -0120046 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 101E+07 1011 -0120016 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 825E+06 825 -0119993 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 633E+06 633 -011997 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 432E+06 432 -0119945 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 225E+06 225 -0119931 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 196274 020 -0119958 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 -170E+06 -170 -0120062 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 -336E+06 -336 -0120281 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 -474E+06 -474 -0120653 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 -579E+06 -579 -0121212 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 -648E+06 -648 -0121978 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 -684E+06 -684 -0122956 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 -693E+06 -693 -0124137 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 -686E+06 -686 -0125506 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 -671E+06 -671 -0127054 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 -655E+06 -655 -0128785 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 -640E+06 -640 -0130708 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 -626E+06 -626 -013284 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 -612E+06 -612 -013519 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 -604E+06 -604 -0137897 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 -584E+06 -584 -0140753 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 -571E+06 -571 -0143885 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 -554E+06 -554 -0147246 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 -537E+06 -537 -0150812 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 -520E+06 -520 -0154576 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 -503E+06 -503 -0158545 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 -486E+06 -486 -0162729 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 -471E+06 -471 -0167139 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 -456E+06 -456 -0171788 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 -442E+06 -442 -0176691 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 -428E+06 -428 -0181865 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 -417E+06 -417 -0187438 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 -404E+06 -404 -0193251 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 -393E+06 -393 -0199455 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 -382E+06 -382 -020604 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 -372E+06 -372 -0212998 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 302
AlN 242
Al2O3 100
AlSiC Si3N4 0224
AlN 0181
Al2O3 0377
Al Si3N4 600
AlN 524
Al2O3 317
Substrate Dimensions (mm)
Si3N4 2322
AlN
Al2O3
Al baseplate (5mm) with metallization CTE on alumina calculated using Curamik formula - MPa
AlSiC baseplate (5mm) with alumina CTE as 68E-6 (from Curamik) - 025 MPa
AlSiC baseplate (5mm) with alumina CTE as 28E-6 (Si3N4) - 021 MPa
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
-40 -40 -40 -40 -40 -40 -40
-20 -20 -20 -20 -20 -20 -20
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 20 20 20 20 20 20
40 40 40 40 40 40 40
60 60 60 60 60 60 60
80 80 80 80 80 80 80
100 100 100 100 100 100 100
120 120 120 120 120 120 120
140 140 140 140 140 140 140
160 160 160 160 160 160 160
180 180 180 180 180 180 180
200 200 200 200 200 200 200

Chart1

Aluminum (Al)
SAC305
Copper (Cu)
Aluminum Silicon Carbide (AlSiC)
Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃)
Aluminum Nitride (AlN)
Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄)
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)
219
216
158
684
82
45
28
221
216
16
704
82
45
28
223
216
163
724
82
45
28
225
216
165
744
82
45
28
227
216
167
764
82
45
28
229
216
169
784
82
45
28
231
216
171
804
82
45
28
233
216
173
824
82
45
28
235
216
175
844
82
45
28
237
216
177
864
82
45
28
239
216
178
884
82
45
28
241
216
18
904
82
45
28
243
216
182
924
82
45
28

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubstrateMatampThkVariation

30 C
130 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum (Al)
SAC305
Copper (Cu)
Aluminum Silicon Carbide (AlSiC)
Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃)
Aluminum Nitride (AlN)
Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄)
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)

NREL | 5

Strain Energy Density

Strain Energy Density Contour Plot

bull Strain energy densitycycle (volume-averaged at the corner region) was selected as the metric for comparison

NREL | 6

Impact of Baseplate amp Ceramic Material

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Copper AlSiC Al

Stra

in En

ergy

Den

sity

Cycl

e (M

Pa) Si ₃N₄ AlN Al₂O₃

Thickness of baseplate ndash 5 mm ceramic ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

C-SAM Images of SAC305 solder with AlSiC (top) and Cu (bottom) baseplates Images on the left and right were taken at 0 cycles and 500 cycles respectively

bull AlSiC baseplate offers superior reliability than its Cu or Al counterparts mainly due to the low coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch with the ceramic material

MatProperties

Chart1

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
1944981
1541321
0939798
0179141
0161197
0208441
392511
341359
2584948

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubThkVariation_Cu

30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubThkVariation_AlSiC

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

Sheet1

Sheet1

Al
Cu
AlSiC
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum
SAC305
Copper
AlSiC
Aluminum Oxide
Aluminum Nitride
Silicon Nitride
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)
30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
HD_Cu-6mm
RD_Cu-6mm
LD_Cu-6mm
RU_Cu-6mm
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate
987353
642122
-456024
-378683
923847
-251737
-446278
-289891
869985
-112436
-441644
-20142
826528
-16847
-437344
-113478
793482
-193562
-433352
-267531
76978
-205855
-429741
578289
753602
-212609
-426478
140228
742808
-215338
-423498
219073
735334
-212658
-42075
293273
729529
-210149
-4182
360442
724359
-208189
-415817
415434
719366
-206586
-413582
455625
714439
-205962
-411476
480927
709614
-206241
-409486
492206
70495
-207793
-407598
491329
700487
-210607
-405802
477676
696242
-214283
-404091
457667
692218
-218679
-402455
435372
688407
-223716
-40089
412034
684796
-229289
-399389
388742
681374
-23541
-397947
364831
678127
-242023
-39656
340941
675044
-248859
-395224
316071
672111
-256003
-393936
291533
669319
-263503
-392691
267453
666657
-271392
-391488
245001
664116
-280246
-390324
224053
661686
-289863
-389196
204748
659362
-300213
-388102
187481
657134
-311326
-387041
172615
654996
-32266
-38601
159572
652944
-335128
-385008
149148
65097
-348811
-384033
140519
64907
-363845
-383084
133235
647239
-379348
-382159
12711
645474
-396629
-381258
121626
643769
-414574
-380379
116827
642122
-434812
-379521
112569
-456024
-378683
108781

NREL | 7

Impact of Baseplate Thickness amp Footprint

Ceramic (Si3N4) thickness ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm Baseplate thickness ndash 5mm ceramic (Si3N4) ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

Thermal cycling profile - -40degC - 200degC

bull Thickness variation has a larger impact on solder joint reliability than footprintsize variation

Chart1

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
4578005
2194429
0180207
392511
1944981
0179142
315812
1631509
0177693
2275288
1238445
0175518
1295659
0758202
0172362
0476935
0298032
0167606

MatProperties

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubThkVariation_Cu

30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubThkVariation_AlSiC

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

Sheet1

Sheet1

Al
Cu
AlSiC
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum
SAC305
Copper
AlSiC
Aluminum Oxide
Aluminum Nitride
Silicon Nitride
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)
30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
HD_Cu-6mm
RD_Cu-6mm
LD_Cu-6mm
RU_Cu-6mm
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate
987353
642122
-456024
-378683
923847
-251737
-446278
-289891
869985
-112436
-441644
-20142
826528
-16847
-437344
-113478
793482
-193562
-433352
-267531
76978
-205855
-429741
578289
753602
-212609
-426478
140228
742808
-215338
-423498
219073
735334
-212658
-42075
293273
729529
-210149
-4182
360442
724359
-208189
-415817
415434
719366
-206586
-413582
455625
714439
-205962
-411476
480927
709614
-206241
-409486
492206
70495
-207793
-407598
491329
700487
-210607
-405802
477676
696242
-214283
-404091
457667
692218
-218679
-402455
435372
688407
-223716
-40089
412034
684796
-229289
-399389
388742
681374
-23541
-397947
364831
678127
-242023
-39656
340941
675044
-248859
-395224
316071
672111
-256003
-393936
291533
669319
-263503
-392691
267453
666657
-271392
-391488
245001
664116
-280246
-390324
224053
661686
-289863
-389196
204748
659362
-300213
-388102
187481
657134
-311326
-387041
172615
654996
-32266
-38601
159572
652944
-335128
-385008
149148
65097
-348811
-384033
140519
64907
-363845
-383084
133235
647239
-379348
-382159
12711
645474
-396629
-381258
121626
643769
-414574
-380379
116827
642122
-434812
-379521
112569
-456024
-378683
108781

NREL | 8

Impact of Ceramic and Metallization Thickness

Baseplate (Cu) thickness ndash 5 mm ceramic ndash 063 mm Baseplate (Cu) thickness ndash 5 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

bull Higher the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch higher the impact of stiffness variation is

Chart1

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
5883785555
4621163743
2015976646
5032819843
3964128758
1702700695
4089343403
322810827
1357954389
334128457
2641985648
1088452445
2743613918
217137708
08760311193

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubstrateMatampThkVariation

30 C
130 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
FootPrintVariation
Joint Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

NREL | 9

bull Reliability of a power electronics package is mainly determined by the CTE mismatch between the component layers

bull AlSiC baseplate offers superior reliability than Cu or Al baseplates

bull In addition to the CTE mismatch stiffness mismatch also plays a role but its impact is dependent on the inherent CTE mismatch

bull Thicker ceramic materials are not preferred however thicker metallization layers can improve the package reliability

Summary

wwwnrelgov

NRELPR-5400-77235

Thank You

This work was authored by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory operated by Alliance for Sustainable Energy LLC for the US Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No DE-AC36-08GO28308 Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Vehicle Technologies Office The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the US Government The US Government retains and the publisher by accepting the article for publication acknowledges that the US Government retains a nonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this work or allow others to do so for US Government purposes

Acknowledgments

Susan Rogers US Department of Energy

NREL EDT Task Leader

Sreekant NarumanchiSreekantNarumanchinrelgov Phone 303-275-4062

Team Members

Joshua Major (NREL)Douglas DeVoto (NREL)

For more information contact

Principal InvestigatorPaul ParetPaulParetnrelgovPhone 303-275-4376

Joint Length (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
244 302
204
164
124
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 063 0127 588
02 503
03 409
04 334
05 274
Al₂O₃ 063 0127 202
02 170
03 136
04 109
05 088
AlN 063 0127 462
02 396
03 323
04 264
05 217
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 025
032 302
05 435
063 503
075 551
1
Al2O3 025 077
032 100
05 146
063 170
075 187
1 212
AlN 025 189
032 242
05 344
063 396
075 432
1
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 340 023 697
Standard 5 302 022 600
4 254 022 486
3 195 021 354
2 122 020 208
1 051 019 084
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 -352E+06 -352 -0215523 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 -346E+06 -346 -0216828 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 -336E+06 -336 -0217984 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 -324E+06 -324 -0218968 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 -312E+06 -312 -0219805 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 -302E+06 -302 -0220532 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 -294E+06 -294 -0221183 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 -288E+06 -288 -0221777 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 -282E+06 -282 -0222326 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 -277E+06 -277 -0222839 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 -273E+06 -273 -0223321 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 -269E+06 -269 -0223776 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 -265E+06 -265 -0224206 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 -261E+06 -261 -0224615 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 -258E+06 -258 -0225005 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 -255E+06 -255 -0225378 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 -252E+06 -252 -0225735 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 -249E+06 -249 -0226077 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 -247E+06 -247 -0226406 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 -244E+06 -244 -0226724 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 -242E+06 -242 -022703 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 -240E+06 -240 -0227326 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 -238E+06 -238 -0227612 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 -236E+06 -236 -022789 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 -234E+06 -234 -0228159 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 -232E+06 -232 -022842 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 -230E+06 -230 -0228674 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 -228E+06 -228 -0228921 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 -227E+06 -227 -0229161 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 -225E+06 -225 -0229396 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 -224E+06 -224 -0229624 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 -222E+06 -222 -0229847 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 -221E+06 -221 -0230065 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 -220E+06 -220 -0230278 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 -218E+06 -218 -0230486 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 -217E+06 -217 -023069 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 -216E+06 -216 -0230889 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 -214E+06 -214 -0231085 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -431089 -043 -0231096 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 120E+06 120 -0230858 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 211E+06 211 -0230046 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 267E+06 267 -0228708 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 307E+06 307 -0226937 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 340E+06 340 -0224816 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 370E+06 370 -0222409 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 397E+06 397 -0219764 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 428E+06 428 -0216787 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 452E+06 452 -0213695 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 479E+06 479 -0210428 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 504E+06 504 -0207082 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 532E+06 532 -0203609 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 559E+06 559 -0200078 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 587E+06 587 -0196496 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 617E+06 617 -0192869 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 648E+06 648 -0189204 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 680E+06 680 -0185511 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 714E+06 714 -0181804 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 749E+06 749 -0178096 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 785E+06 785 -0174403 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 823E+06 823 -017074 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 863E+06 863 -0167122 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 904E+06 904 -0163563 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 947E+06 947 -0160075 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 992E+06 992 -0156671 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 104E+07 1039 -0153362 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 109E+07 1088 -0150159 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 114E+07 1139 -0147073 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 119E+07 1193 -0144111 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 125E+07 1249 -0141284 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 131E+07 1308 -0138599 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 137E+07 1370 -0136062 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 143E+07 1435 -0133679 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 150E+07 1502 -0131452 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 157E+07 1573 -0129385 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 165E+07 1648 -0127477 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 173E+07 1726 -0125725 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 166E+07 1661 -0125472 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 167E+07 1674 -0125206 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 167E+07 1670 -0124958 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 166E+07 1664 -0124728 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 166E+07 1659 -0124512 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 165E+07 1654 -0124309 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 165E+07 1650 -0124116 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 165E+07 1645 -0123931 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 164E+07 1641 -0123755 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 164E+07 1637 -0123585 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 163E+07 1633 -0123421 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 163E+07 1629 -0123263 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 163E+07 1625 -0123109 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 162E+07 1622 -0122961 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 162E+07 1618 -0122816 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 161E+07 1615 -0122676 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 161E+07 1611 -0122539 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 161E+07 1608 -0122406 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 160E+07 1604 -0122275 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 160E+07 1601 -0122148 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 160E+07 1598 -0122023 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 160E+07 1595 -0121901 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 159E+07 1592 -0121782 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 159E+07 1589 -0121665 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 159E+07 1586 -012155 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 158E+07 1583 -0121437 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 158E+07 1581 -0121326 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 158E+07 1578 -0121217 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 158E+07 1575 -012111 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 157E+07 1573 -0121005 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 157E+07 1570 -0120901 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 157E+07 1567 -0120799 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 156E+07 1565 -0120699 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 156E+07 1562 -01206 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 156E+07 1560 -0120502 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 156E+07 1558 -0120406 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 156E+07 1555 -0120311 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 155E+07 1553 -0120218 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 137E+07 1369 -0120098 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 119E+07 1190 -0120046 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 101E+07 1011 -0120016 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 825E+06 825 -0119993 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 633E+06 633 -011997 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 432E+06 432 -0119945 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 225E+06 225 -0119931 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 196274 020 -0119958 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 -170E+06 -170 -0120062 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 -336E+06 -336 -0120281 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 -474E+06 -474 -0120653 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 -579E+06 -579 -0121212 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 -648E+06 -648 -0121978 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 -684E+06 -684 -0122956 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 -693E+06 -693 -0124137 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 -686E+06 -686 -0125506 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 -671E+06 -671 -0127054 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 -655E+06 -655 -0128785 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 -640E+06 -640 -0130708 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 -626E+06 -626 -013284 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 -612E+06 -612 -013519 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 -604E+06 -604 -0137897 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 -584E+06 -584 -0140753 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 -571E+06 -571 -0143885 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 -554E+06 -554 -0147246 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 -537E+06 -537 -0150812 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 -520E+06 -520 -0154576 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 -503E+06 -503 -0158545 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 -486E+06 -486 -0162729 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 -471E+06 -471 -0167139 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 -456E+06 -456 -0171788 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 -442E+06 -442 -0176691 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 -428E+06 -428 -0181865 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 -417E+06 -417 -0187438 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 -404E+06 -404 -0193251 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 -393E+06 -393 -0199455 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 -382E+06 -382 -020604 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 -372E+06 -372 -0212998 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 302
AlN 242
Al2O3 100
AlSiC Si3N4 0224
AlN 0181
Al2O3 0377
Al Si3N4 600
AlN 524
Al2O3 317
Substrate Dimensions (mm)
Si3N4 2322
AlN
Al2O3
Al baseplate (5mm) with metallization CTE on alumina calculated using Curamik formula - MPa
AlSiC baseplate (5mm) with alumina CTE as 68E-6 (from Curamik) - 025 MPa
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
0127 0127 0127
02 02 02
03 03 03
04 04 04
05 05 05
00276558 0031039 000426353 000346154
00279074 00310325 000422608 000345851
00281621 00309413 000418613 000345848
00284048 00306944 000414529 00034588
00286244 00303134 000410685 000345935
00288157 002986 00040712 000346213
00289786 00293428 000403798 000348785
00291169 00287691 000400682 000356746
00292362 00280983 000397746 000368678
00293422 00273982 000394969 000383575
00294392 00266435 000392334 000402226
00295298 00258482 000389824 0004251
00296155 00250235 000387428 000451869
00296969 00241633 000385135 000482161
00297748 00232901 000382935 000515605
00298494 00224002 000380821 000554802
0029921 0021499 000378786 000597029
002999 00205914 000376823 000643273
00300566 00196813 000374928 000693862
00301209 00187748 000373094 00074826
00301833 00178739 000371319 000807609
00302438 00169801 000369598 0008709
00303025 00160953 000367927 000939524
00303597 00152206 000366304 00101207
00304154 00143569 000364725 00108861
00304696 00135051 000363188 00116803
00305226 00126695 00036169 00125062
00305744 00118515 00036023 00133659
00306251 00110522 000358805 00142614
00306747 00102728 000357414 00151947
00307232 00095079 000356054 00161804
00307708 000876657 000354724 00172087
00308175 000805038 000353424 00182957
00308634 000736073 00035215 00194463
00309084 000668749 000350903 00206658
00309527 000604502 000349681 00219735
00309962 000542059 000348483 00233748
0031039 000483211 000347308 00248903
000426353 000346154 0026541
Cu-6mm
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain
22396 150 101E+07 1007 316E-02
22412 150 947E+06 947 318E-02
22427 150 895E+06 895 321E-02
22443 150 851E+06 851 324E-02
22459 150 817E+06 817 326E-02
22475 150 792E+06 792 328E-02
22491 150 774E+06 774 330E-02
22506 150 762E+06 762 331E-02
22522 150 754E+06 754 333E-02
22538 150 747E+06 747 334E-02
22554 150 742E+06 742 335E-02
22569 150 737E+06 737 336E-02
22585 150 732E+06 732 337E-02
22601 150 727E+06 727 338E-02
22617 150 723E+06 723 338E-02
22633 150 718E+06 718 339E-02
22648 150 714E+06 714 340E-02
22664 150 709E+06 709 341E-02
22680 150 705E+06 705 342E-02
22696 150 702E+06 702 342E-02
22712 150 698E+06 698 343E-02
22727 150 695E+06 695 343E-02
22743 150 691E+06 691 344E-02
22759 150 688E+06 688 345E-02
22775 150 685E+06 685 345E-02
22791 150 682E+06 682 346E-02
22806 150 680E+06 680 346E-02
22822 150 677E+06 677 347E-02
22838 150 675E+06 675 348E-02
22854 150 672E+06 672 348E-02
22869 150 670E+06 670 349E-02
22885 150 668E+06 668 349E-02
22901 150 666E+06 666 350E-02
22917 150 664E+06 664 350E-02
22933 150 662E+06 662 351E-02
22948 150 660E+06 660 351E-02
22964 150 658E+06 658 351E-02
22980 150 656E+06 656 352E-02
23040 145 -292E+06 -292 352E-02
23100 140 -120E+07 -1200 351E-02
23160 135 -175E+07 -1748 348E-02
23220 130 -197E+07 -1971 344E-02
23280 125 -209E+07 -2088 339E-02
23340 120 -215E+07 -2147 333E-02
23400 115 -217E+07 -2169 327E-02
23460 110 -214E+07 -2136 319E-02
23520 105 -209E+07 -2088 311E-02
23580 100 -206E+07 -2055 302E-02
23640 95 -204E+07 -2037 293E-02
23700 90 -203E+07 -2033 284E-02
23760 85 -204E+07 -2044 274E-02
23820 80 -207E+07 -2068 264E-02
23880 75 -210E+07 -2103 254E-02
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 244E-02
24000 65 -219E+07 -2188 233E-02
24060 60 -224E+07 -2239 223E-02
24120 55 -230E+07 -2295 213E-02
24180 50 -235E+07 -2355 203E-02
24240 45 -242E+07 -2419 193E-02
24300 40 -249E+07 -2485 183E-02
24360 35 -255E+07 -2555 173E-02
24420 30 -263E+07 -2628 163E-02
24480 25 -270E+07 -2704 154E-02
24540 20 -278E+07 -2785 144E-02
24600 15 -288E+07 -2882 135E-02
24660 10 -298E+07 -2985 126E-02
24720 5 -309E+07 -3094 118E-02
24780 0 -321E+07 -3210 109E-02
24840 -5 -333E+07 -3335 101E-02
24900 -10 -347E+07 -3469 930E-03
24960 -15 -361E+07 -3613 853E-03
25020 -20 -377E+07 -3770 780E-03
25080 -25 -393E+07 -3932 708E-03
25140 -30 -411E+07 -4111 639E-03
25200 -35 -431E+07 -4310 574E-03
25260 -40 -452E+07 -4517 511E-03
25276 -40 -442E+07 -4419 507E-03
25292 -40 -437E+07 -4373 503E-03
25307 -40 -433E+07 -4330 498E-03
25323 -40 -429E+07 -4289 494E-03
25339 -40 -425E+07 -4253 490E-03
25355 -40 -422E+07 -4220 486E-03
25371 -40 -419E+07 -4190 483E-03
25386 -40 -416E+07 -4162 480E-03
25402 -40 -414E+07 -4136 477E-03
25418 -40 -411E+07 -4113 474E-03
25434 -40 -409E+07 -4090 471E-03
25449 -40 -407E+07 -4069 468E-03
25465 -40 -405E+07 -4049 466E-03
25481 -40 -403E+07 -4030 463E-03
25497 -40 -401E+07 -4012 461E-03
25513 -40 -400E+07 -3995 459E-03
25528 -40 -398E+07 -3979 457E-03
25544 -40 -396E+07 -3963 454E-03
25560 -40 -395E+07 -3949 452E-03
25576 -40 -393E+07 -3934 450E-03
25592 -40 -392E+07 -3920 449E-03
25607 -40 -391E+07 -3907 447E-03
25623 -40 -389E+07 -3894 445E-03
25639 -40 -388E+07 -3882 443E-03
25655 -40 -387E+07 -3870 442E-03
25671 -40 -386E+07 -3858 440E-03
25686 -40 -385E+07 -3847 438E-03
25702 -40 -384E+07 -3836 437E-03
25718 -40 -383E+07 -3826 435E-03
25734 -40 -382E+07 -3816 434E-03
25749 -40 -381E+07 -3806 432E-03
25765 -40 -380E+07 -3796 431E-03
25781 -40 -379E+07 -3786 429E-03
25797 -40 -378E+07 -3777 428E-03
25813 -40 -377E+07 -3768 427E-03
25828 -40 -376E+07 -3760 425E-03
25844 -40 -375E+07 -3751 424E-03
25860 -40 -374E+07 -3743 423E-03
25920 -35 -282E+07 -2819 422E-03
25980 -30 -190E+07 -1897 422E-03
26040 -25 -979E+06 -979 422E-03
26100 -20 -735253 -074 422E-03
26160 -15 809E+06 809 423E-03
26220 -10 167E+07 1670 426E-03
26280 -5 249E+07 2487 435E-03
26340 0 325E+07 3254 448E-03
26400 5 393E+07 3933 465E-03
26460 10 446E+07 4463 486E-03
26520 15 482E+07 4823 511E-03
26580 20 502E+07 5023 541E-03
26640 25 508E+07 5081 574E-03
26700 30 502E+07 5023 611E-03
26760 35 485E+07 4847 654E-03
26820 40 462E+07 4617 700E-03
26880 45 437E+07 4374 752E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4124 809E-03
27000 55 387E+07 3870 871E-03
27060 60 362E+07 3617 938E-03
27120 65 336E+07 3359 101E-02
27180 70 310E+07 3104 109E-02
27240 75 285E+07 2853 117E-02
27300 80 261E+07 2615 125E-02
27360 85 239E+07 2390 134E-02
27420 90 218E+07 2181 144E-02
27480 95 199E+07 1994 153E-02
27540 100 183E+07 1832 164E-02
27600 105 170E+07 1696 174E-02
27660 110 158E+07 1583 185E-02
27720 115 149E+07 1490 197E-02
27780 120 141E+07 1408 209E-02
27840 125 134E+07 1337 222E-02
27900 130 128E+07 1278 236E-02
27960 135 123E+07 1226 251E-02
28020 140 118E+07 1181 267E-02
28080 145 114E+07 1142 284E-02
28140 150 111E+07 1106 303E-02
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
AlSiC 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Material CTE Elastic Modulus (GPa)
Cu 17E-05 115
Alumina 680E-06 370
AlN 450E-06 330
CTE of DBC 0000008115
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Side (mm) Cu Al AlSiC
508 302 600 022
558 353 719 023
608 383 793 023
658 405 848 023
708 422 890 024
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB -558 Cu 352
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si3N4 063 0127 044
02 031
03 022
04 018
05 019
Al2O3 063 0127 016
02 017
03 020
04 026
05 033
AlN 063 0127 026
02 020
03 017
04 018
05 020
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 386
02 328
03 264
04 213
05 172
Al2O3 063 0127 181
02 154
03 124
04 099
05 079
AlN 063 0127 301
02 256
03 206
04 166
05 134
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 025 016
032 018
05 025
063 031
075 037
1 046
Al₂O₃ 025 023
032 021
05 018
063 017
075 017
1 016
AlN 025 016
032 016
05 018
063 020
075 022
1 026
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 025 150
032 194
05 283
063 328
075 360
1 403
Al₂O₃ 025 073
032 094
05 134
063 154
075 168
1 186
AlN 025 120
032 154
05 222
063 256
075 280
1 312
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 219 018 458
Standard 5 194 018 393
4 163 018 316
3 124 018 228
2 076 017 130
1 030 017 048
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 987E+06 987 277E-02 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 924E+06 924 279E-02 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 870E+06 870 282E-02 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 827E+06 827 284E-02 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 793E+06 793 286E-02 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 770E+06 770 288E-02 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 754E+06 754 290E-02 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 743E+06 743 291E-02 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 735E+06 735 292E-02 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 730E+06 730 293E-02 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 724E+06 724 294E-02 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 719E+06 719 295E-02 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 714E+06 714 296E-02 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 710E+06 710 297E-02 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 705E+06 705 298E-02 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 700E+06 700 298E-02 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 696E+06 696 299E-02 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 692E+06 692 300E-02 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 688E+06 688 301E-02 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 685E+06 685 301E-02 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 681E+06 681 302E-02 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 678E+06 678 302E-02 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 675E+06 675 303E-02 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 672E+06 672 304E-02 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 669E+06 669 304E-02 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 667E+06 667 305E-02 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 664E+06 664 305E-02 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 662E+06 662 306E-02 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 659E+06 659 306E-02 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 657E+06 657 307E-02 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 655E+06 655 307E-02 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 653E+06 653 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 651E+06 651 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 649E+06 649 309E-02 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 647E+06 647 309E-02 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 645E+06 645 310E-02 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 644E+06 644 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 642E+06 642 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -252E+06 -252 310E-02 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 -112E+07 -1124 309E-02 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 -168E+07 -1685 307E-02 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 -194E+07 -1936 303E-02 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 -206E+07 -2059 299E-02 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 -213E+07 -2126 293E-02 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 -215E+07 -2153 288E-02 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 -213E+07 -2127 281E-02 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 -210E+07 -2101 274E-02 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 -208E+07 -2082 266E-02 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 -207E+07 -2066 258E-02 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 -206E+07 -2060 250E-02 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 -206E+07 -2062 242E-02 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 -208E+07 -2078 233E-02 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 -211E+07 -2106 224E-02 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 215E-02 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 -219E+07 -2187 206E-02 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 -224E+07 -2237 197E-02 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 -229E+07 -2293 188E-02 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 -235E+07 -2354 179E-02 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 -242E+07 -2420 170E-02 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 -249E+07 -2489 161E-02 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 -256E+07 -2560 152E-02 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 -264E+07 -2635 144E-02 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 -271E+07 -2714 135E-02 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 -280E+07 -2802 127E-02 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 -290E+07 -2899 119E-02 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 -300E+07 -3002 111E-02 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 -311E+07 -3113 103E-02 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 -323E+07 -3227 951E-03 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 -335E+07 -3351 877E-03 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 -349E+07 -3488 805E-03 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 -364E+07 -3638 736E-03 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 -379E+07 -3793 669E-03 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 -397E+07 -3966 605E-03 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 -415E+07 -4146 542E-03 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 -435E+07 -4348 483E-03 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 -456E+07 -4560 426E-03 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 -446E+07 -4463 423E-03 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 -442E+07 -4416 419E-03 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 -437E+07 -4373 415E-03 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 -433E+07 -4334 411E-03 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 -430E+07 -4297 407E-03 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 -426E+07 -4265 404E-03 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 -423E+07 -4235 401E-03 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 -421E+07 -4208 398E-03 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 -418E+07 -4182 395E-03 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 -416E+07 -4158 392E-03 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 -414E+07 -4136 390E-03 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 -411E+07 -4115 387E-03 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 -409E+07 -4095 385E-03 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 -408E+07 -4076 383E-03 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 -406E+07 -4058 381E-03 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 -404E+07 -4041 379E-03 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 -402E+07 -4025 377E-03 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 -401E+07 -4009 375E-03 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 -399E+07 -3994 373E-03 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 -398E+07 -3979 371E-03 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 -397E+07 -3966 370E-03 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 -395E+07 -3952 368E-03 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 -394E+07 -3939 366E-03 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 -393E+07 -3927 365E-03 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 -391E+07 -3915 363E-03 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 -390E+07 -3903 362E-03 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 -389E+07 -3892 360E-03 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 -388E+07 -3881 359E-03 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 -387E+07 -3870 357E-03 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 -386E+07 -3860 356E-03 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 -385E+07 -3850 355E-03 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 -384E+07 -3840 353E-03 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 -383E+07 -3831 352E-03 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 -382E+07 -3822 351E-03 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 -381E+07 -3813 350E-03 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 -380E+07 -3804 348E-03 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 -380E+07 -3795 347E-03 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 -379E+07 -3787 346E-03 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 -290E+07 -2899 346E-03 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 -201E+07 -2014 346E-03 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 -113E+07 -1135 346E-03 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 -268E+06 -268 346E-03 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 578E+06 578 346E-03 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 140E+07 1402 349E-03 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 219E+07 2191 357E-03 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 293E+07 2933 369E-03 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 360E+07 3604 384E-03 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 415E+07 4154 402E-03 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 456E+07 4556 425E-03 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 481E+07 4809 452E-03 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 492E+07 4922 482E-03 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 491E+07 4913 516E-03 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 478E+07 4777 555E-03 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 458E+07 4577 597E-03 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 435E+07 4354 643E-03 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4120 694E-03 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 389E+07 3887 748E-03 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 365E+07 3648 808E-03 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 341E+07 3409 871E-03 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 316E+07 3161 940E-03 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 292E+07 2915 101E-02 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 267E+07 2675 109E-02 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 245E+07 2450 117E-02 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 224E+07 2241 125E-02 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 205E+07 2047 134E-02 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 187E+07 1875 143E-02 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 173E+07 1726 152E-02 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 160E+07 1596 162E-02 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 149E+07 1491 172E-02 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 141E+07 1405 183E-02 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 133E+07 1332 194E-02 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 127E+07 1271 207E-02 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 122E+07 1216 220E-02 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 117E+07 1168 234E-02 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 113E+07 1126 249E-02 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 109E+07 1088 265E-02 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 194
AlN 154
Al2O3 094
AlSiC Si3N4 0179
AlN 0161
Al2O3 0208
Al Si3N4 393
AlN 341
Al2O3 258
Trials SEDCycle (MPa)
AlSiC-Al2O3 Al2O3 elastic modulus is same as Si3N4 0226
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
Substrate Dimensions (mm) Elastic Modulus (GPa) Poissons Ratio CTE (ppmdegC) Remarks
Si3N4 2322 300 028 28 KyoceraRogers
AlN 330 024 45 Accuratus
Al2O3 360 021 72 Kyocera
6 6 6
5 5 5
4 4 4
3 3 3
2 2 2
1 1 1
00276558 0031039 000426353 000346154
00279074 00310325 000422608 000345851
00281621 00309413 000418613 000345848
00284048 00306944 000414529 00034588
00286244 00303134 000410685 000345935
00288157 002986 00040712 000346213
00289786 00293428 000403798 000348785
00291169 00287691 000400682 000356746
00292362 00280983 000397746 000368678
00293422 00273982 000394969 000383575
00294392 00266435 000392334 000402226
00295298 00258482 000389824 0004251
00296155 00250235 000387428 000451869
00296969 00241633 000385135 000482161
00297748 00232901 000382935 000515605
00298494 00224002 000380821 000554802
0029921 0021499 000378786 000597029
002999 00205914 000376823 000643273
00300566 00196813 000374928 000693862
00301209 00187748 000373094 00074826
00301833 00178739 000371319 000807609
00302438 00169801 000369598 0008709
00303025 00160953 000367927 000939524
00303597 00152206 000366304 00101207
00304154 00143569 000364725 00108861
00304696 00135051 000363188 00116803
00305226 00126695 00036169 00125062
00305744 00118515 00036023 00133659
00306251 00110522 000358805 00142614
00306747 00102728 000357414 00151947
00307232 00095079 000356054 00161804
00307708 000876657 000354724 00172087
00308175 000805038 000353424 00182957
00308634 000736073 00035215 00194463
00309084 000668749 000350903 00206658
00309527 000604502 000349681 00219735
00309962 000542059 000348483 00233748
0031039 000483211 000347308 00248903
000426353 000346154 0026541
Cu-6mm
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain
22396 150 101E+07 1007 316E-02
22412 150 947E+06 947 318E-02
22427 150 895E+06 895 321E-02
22443 150 851E+06 851 324E-02
22459 150 817E+06 817 326E-02
22475 150 792E+06 792 328E-02
22491 150 774E+06 774 330E-02
22506 150 762E+06 762 331E-02
22522 150 754E+06 754 333E-02
22538 150 747E+06 747 334E-02
22554 150 742E+06 742 335E-02
22569 150 737E+06 737 336E-02
22585 150 732E+06 732 337E-02
22601 150 727E+06 727 338E-02
22617 150 723E+06 723 338E-02
22633 150 718E+06 718 339E-02
22648 150 714E+06 714 340E-02
22664 150 709E+06 709 341E-02
22680 150 705E+06 705 342E-02
22696 150 702E+06 702 342E-02
22712 150 698E+06 698 343E-02
22727 150 695E+06 695 343E-02
22743 150 691E+06 691 344E-02
22759 150 688E+06 688 345E-02
22775 150 685E+06 685 345E-02
22791 150 682E+06 682 346E-02
22806 150 680E+06 680 346E-02
22822 150 677E+06 677 347E-02
22838 150 675E+06 675 348E-02
22854 150 672E+06 672 348E-02
22869 150 670E+06 670 349E-02
22885 150 668E+06 668 349E-02
22901 150 666E+06 666 350E-02
22917 150 664E+06 664 350E-02
22933 150 662E+06 662 351E-02
22948 150 660E+06 660 351E-02
22964 150 658E+06 658 351E-02
22980 150 656E+06 656 352E-02
23040 145 -292E+06 -292 352E-02
23100 140 -120E+07 -1200 351E-02
23160 135 -175E+07 -1748 348E-02
23220 130 -197E+07 -1971 344E-02
23280 125 -209E+07 -2088 339E-02
23340 120 -215E+07 -2147 333E-02
23400 115 -217E+07 -2169 327E-02
23460 110 -214E+07 -2136 319E-02
23520 105 -209E+07 -2088 311E-02
23580 100 -206E+07 -2055 302E-02
23640 95 -204E+07 -2037 293E-02
23700 90 -203E+07 -2033 284E-02
23760 85 -204E+07 -2044 274E-02
23820 80 -207E+07 -2068 264E-02
23880 75 -210E+07 -2103 254E-02
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 244E-02
24000 65 -219E+07 -2188 233E-02
24060 60 -224E+07 -2239 223E-02
24120 55 -230E+07 -2295 213E-02
24180 50 -235E+07 -2355 203E-02
24240 45 -242E+07 -2419 193E-02
24300 40 -249E+07 -2485 183E-02
24360 35 -255E+07 -2555 173E-02
24420 30 -263E+07 -2628 163E-02
24480 25 -270E+07 -2704 154E-02
24540 20 -278E+07 -2785 144E-02
24600 15 -288E+07 -2882 135E-02
24660 10 -298E+07 -2985 126E-02
24720 5 -309E+07 -3094 118E-02
24780 0 -321E+07 -3210 109E-02
24840 -5 -333E+07 -3335 101E-02
24900 -10 -347E+07 -3469 930E-03
24960 -15 -361E+07 -3613 853E-03
25020 -20 -377E+07 -3770 780E-03
25080 -25 -393E+07 -3932 708E-03
25140 -30 -411E+07 -4111 639E-03
25200 -35 -431E+07 -4310 574E-03
25260 -40 -452E+07 -4517 511E-03
25276 -40 -442E+07 -4419 507E-03
25292 -40 -437E+07 -4373 503E-03
25307 -40 -433E+07 -4330 498E-03
25323 -40 -429E+07 -4289 494E-03
25339 -40 -425E+07 -4253 490E-03
25355 -40 -422E+07 -4220 486E-03
25371 -40 -419E+07 -4190 483E-03
25386 -40 -416E+07 -4162 480E-03
25402 -40 -414E+07 -4136 477E-03
25418 -40 -411E+07 -4113 474E-03
25434 -40 -409E+07 -4090 471E-03
25449 -40 -407E+07 -4069 468E-03
25465 -40 -405E+07 -4049 466E-03
25481 -40 -403E+07 -4030 463E-03
25497 -40 -401E+07 -4012 461E-03
25513 -40 -400E+07 -3995 459E-03
25528 -40 -398E+07 -3979 457E-03
25544 -40 -396E+07 -3963 454E-03
25560 -40 -395E+07 -3949 452E-03
25576 -40 -393E+07 -3934 450E-03
25592 -40 -392E+07 -3920 449E-03
25607 -40 -391E+07 -3907 447E-03
25623 -40 -389E+07 -3894 445E-03
25639 -40 -388E+07 -3882 443E-03
25655 -40 -387E+07 -3870 442E-03
25671 -40 -386E+07 -3858 440E-03
25686 -40 -385E+07 -3847 438E-03
25702 -40 -384E+07 -3836 437E-03
25718 -40 -383E+07 -3826 435E-03
25734 -40 -382E+07 -3816 434E-03
25749 -40 -381E+07 -3806 432E-03
25765 -40 -380E+07 -3796 431E-03
25781 -40 -379E+07 -3786 429E-03
25797 -40 -378E+07 -3777 428E-03
25813 -40 -377E+07 -3768 427E-03
25828 -40 -376E+07 -3760 425E-03
25844 -40 -375E+07 -3751 424E-03
25860 -40 -374E+07 -3743 423E-03
25920 -35 -282E+07 -2819 422E-03
25980 -30 -190E+07 -1897 422E-03
26040 -25 -979E+06 -979 422E-03
26100 -20 -735253 -074 422E-03
26160 -15 809E+06 809 423E-03
26220 -10 167E+07 1670 426E-03
26280 -5 249E+07 2487 435E-03
26340 0 325E+07 3254 448E-03
26400 5 393E+07 3933 465E-03
26460 10 446E+07 4463 486E-03
26520 15 482E+07 4823 511E-03
26580 20 502E+07 5023 541E-03
26640 25 508E+07 5081 574E-03
26700 30 502E+07 5023 611E-03
26760 35 485E+07 4847 654E-03
26820 40 462E+07 4617 700E-03
26880 45 437E+07 4374 752E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4124 809E-03
27000 55 387E+07 3870 871E-03
27060 60 362E+07 3617 938E-03
27120 65 336E+07 3359 101E-02
27180 70 310E+07 3104 109E-02
27240 75 285E+07 2853 117E-02
27300 80 261E+07 2615 125E-02
27360 85 239E+07 2390 134E-02
27420 90 218E+07 2181 144E-02
27480 95 199E+07 1994 153E-02
27540 100 183E+07 1832 164E-02
27600 105 170E+07 1696 174E-02
27660 110 158E+07 1583 185E-02
27720 115 149E+07 1490 197E-02
27780 120 141E+07 1408 209E-02
27840 125 134E+07 1337 222E-02
27900 130 128E+07 1278 236E-02
27960 135 123E+07 1226 251E-02
28020 140 118E+07 1181 267E-02
28080 145 114E+07 1142 284E-02
28140 150 111E+07 1106 303E-02
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
AlSiC 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Material CTE Elastic Modulus (GPa)
Cu 17E-05 115
Alumina 680E-06 370
AlN 450E-06 330
CTE of DBC 0000008115
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Side (mm) Cu Al AlSiC
508 302 600 022
558 353 719 023
608 383 793 023
658 405 848 023
708 422 890 024
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB -558 Cu 352
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si3N4 063 0127 044
02 031
03 022
04 018
05 019
Al2O3 063 0127 016
02 017
03 020
04 026
05 033
AlN 063 0127 026
02 020
03 017
04 018
05 020
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 386
02 328
03 264
04 213
05 172
Al2O3 063 0127 181
02 154
03 124
04 099
05 079
AlN 063 0127 301
02 256
03 206
04 166
05 134
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 025 016
032 018
05 025
063 031
075 037
1 046
Al₂O₃ 025 023
032 021
05 018
063 017
075 017
1 016
AlN 025 016
032 016
05 018
063 020
075 022
1 026
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 025 150
032 194
05 283
063 328
075 360
1 403
Al₂O₃ 025 073
032 094
05 134
063 154
075 168
1 186
AlN 025 120
032 154
05 222
063 256
075 280
1 312
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 219 018 458
Standard 5 194 018 393
4 163 018 316
3 124 018 228
2 076 017 130
1 030 017 048
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 987E+06 987 277E-02 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 924E+06 924 279E-02 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 870E+06 870 282E-02 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 827E+06 827 284E-02 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 793E+06 793 286E-02 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 770E+06 770 288E-02 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 754E+06 754 290E-02 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 743E+06 743 291E-02 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 735E+06 735 292E-02 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 730E+06 730 293E-02 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 724E+06 724 294E-02 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 719E+06 719 295E-02 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 714E+06 714 296E-02 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 710E+06 710 297E-02 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 705E+06 705 298E-02 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 700E+06 700 298E-02 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 696E+06 696 299E-02 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 692E+06 692 300E-02 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 688E+06 688 301E-02 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 685E+06 685 301E-02 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 681E+06 681 302E-02 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 678E+06 678 302E-02 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 675E+06 675 303E-02 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 672E+06 672 304E-02 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 669E+06 669 304E-02 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 667E+06 667 305E-02 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 664E+06 664 305E-02 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 662E+06 662 306E-02 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 659E+06 659 306E-02 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 657E+06 657 307E-02 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 655E+06 655 307E-02 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 653E+06 653 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 651E+06 651 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 649E+06 649 309E-02 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 647E+06 647 309E-02 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 645E+06 645 310E-02 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 644E+06 644 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 642E+06 642 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -252E+06 -252 310E-02 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 -112E+07 -1124 309E-02 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 -168E+07 -1685 307E-02 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 -194E+07 -1936 303E-02 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 -206E+07 -2059 299E-02 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 -213E+07 -2126 293E-02 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 -215E+07 -2153 288E-02 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 -213E+07 -2127 281E-02 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 -210E+07 -2101 274E-02 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 -208E+07 -2082 266E-02 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 -207E+07 -2066 258E-02 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 -206E+07 -2060 250E-02 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 -206E+07 -2062 242E-02 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 -208E+07 -2078 233E-02 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 -211E+07 -2106 224E-02 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 215E-02 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 -219E+07 -2187 206E-02 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 -224E+07 -2237 197E-02 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 -229E+07 -2293 188E-02 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 -235E+07 -2354 179E-02 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 -242E+07 -2420 170E-02 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 -249E+07 -2489 161E-02 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 -256E+07 -2560 152E-02 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 -264E+07 -2635 144E-02 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 -271E+07 -2714 135E-02 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 -280E+07 -2802 127E-02 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 -290E+07 -2899 119E-02 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 -300E+07 -3002 111E-02 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 -311E+07 -3113 103E-02 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 -323E+07 -3227 951E-03 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 -335E+07 -3351 877E-03 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 -349E+07 -3488 805E-03 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 -364E+07 -3638 736E-03 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 -379E+07 -3793 669E-03 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 -397E+07 -3966 605E-03 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 -415E+07 -4146 542E-03 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 -435E+07 -4348 483E-03 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 -456E+07 -4560 426E-03 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 -446E+07 -4463 423E-03 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 -442E+07 -4416 419E-03 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 -437E+07 -4373 415E-03 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 -433E+07 -4334 411E-03 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 -430E+07 -4297 407E-03 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 -426E+07 -4265 404E-03 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 -423E+07 -4235 401E-03 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 -421E+07 -4208 398E-03 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 -418E+07 -4182 395E-03 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 -416E+07 -4158 392E-03 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 -414E+07 -4136 390E-03 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 -411E+07 -4115 387E-03 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 -409E+07 -4095 385E-03 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 -408E+07 -4076 383E-03 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 -406E+07 -4058 381E-03 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 -404E+07 -4041 379E-03 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 -402E+07 -4025 377E-03 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 -401E+07 -4009 375E-03 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 -399E+07 -3994 373E-03 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 -398E+07 -3979 371E-03 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 -397E+07 -3966 370E-03 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 -395E+07 -3952 368E-03 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 -394E+07 -3939 366E-03 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 -393E+07 -3927 365E-03 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 -391E+07 -3915 363E-03 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 -390E+07 -3903 362E-03 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 -389E+07 -3892 360E-03 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 -388E+07 -3881 359E-03 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 -387E+07 -3870 357E-03 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 -386E+07 -3860 356E-03 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 -385E+07 -3850 355E-03 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 -384E+07 -3840 353E-03 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 -383E+07 -3831 352E-03 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 -382E+07 -3822 351E-03 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 -381E+07 -3813 350E-03 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 -380E+07 -3804 348E-03 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 -380E+07 -3795 347E-03 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 -379E+07 -3787 346E-03 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 -290E+07 -2899 346E-03 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 -201E+07 -2014 346E-03 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 -113E+07 -1135 346E-03 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 -268E+06 -268 346E-03 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 578E+06 578 346E-03 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 140E+07 1402 349E-03 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 219E+07 2191 357E-03 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 293E+07 2933 369E-03 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 360E+07 3604 384E-03 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 415E+07 4154 402E-03 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 456E+07 4556 425E-03 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 481E+07 4809 452E-03 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 492E+07 4922 482E-03 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 491E+07 4913 516E-03 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 478E+07 4777 555E-03 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 458E+07 4577 597E-03 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 435E+07 4354 643E-03 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4120 694E-03 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 389E+07 3887 748E-03 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 365E+07 3648 808E-03 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 341E+07 3409 871E-03 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 316E+07 3161 940E-03 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 292E+07 2915 101E-02 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 267E+07 2675 109E-02 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 245E+07 2450 117E-02 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 224E+07 2241 125E-02 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 205E+07 2047 134E-02 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 187E+07 1875 143E-02 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 173E+07 1726 152E-02 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 160E+07 1596 162E-02 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 149E+07 1491 172E-02 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 141E+07 1405 183E-02 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 133E+07 1332 194E-02 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 127E+07 1271 207E-02 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 122E+07 1216 220E-02 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 117E+07 1168 234E-02 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 113E+07 1126 249E-02 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 109E+07 1088 265E-02 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 194
AlN 154
Al₂O₃ 094
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 0179
AlN 0161
Al₂O₃ 0208
Al Si₃N₄ 393
AlN 341
Al₂O₃ 258
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
Copper Copper Copper
AlSiC AlSiC AlSiC
Al Al Al
Substrate Dimensions (mm) Elastic Modulus (GPa) Poissons Ratio CTE (ppmdegC) Remarks
Si3N4 2322 300 028 28 KyoceraRogers
AlN 330 024 45 Accuratus
Al2O3 360 021 72 Kyocera
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper (Cu) 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum (Al) 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
Aluminum Silicon Carbide (AlSiC) 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄) 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride (AlN) 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃) 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Baseplate Side (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB
508 302
558 353 352
608 383
658 405
708
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 588
02 503
03 409
04 334
05 274
Al2O3 063 0127 202
02 170
03 136
04 109
05 088
AlN 063 0127 462
02 396
03 323
04 264
05 217
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 025 235
032 302
05 435
063 503
075 551
1 617
Al2O3 025 077
032 100
05 146
063 170
075 187
1 212
AlN 025 189
032 242
05 344
063 396
075 432
1 482
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 340 023 697
Standard 5 302 022 600
4 254 022 486
3 195 021 354
2 122 020 208
1 051 019 084
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 -352E+06 -352 -0215523 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 -346E+06 -346 -0216828 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 -336E+06 -336 -0217984 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 -324E+06 -324 -0218968 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 -312E+06 -312 -0219805 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 -302E+06 -302 -0220532 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 -294E+06 -294 -0221183 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 -288E+06 -288 -0221777 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 -282E+06 -282 -0222326 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 -277E+06 -277 -0222839 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 -273E+06 -273 -0223321 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 -269E+06 -269 -0223776 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 -265E+06 -265 -0224206 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 -261E+06 -261 -0224615 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 -258E+06 -258 -0225005 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 -255E+06 -255 -0225378 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 -252E+06 -252 -0225735 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 -249E+06 -249 -0226077 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 -247E+06 -247 -0226406 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 -244E+06 -244 -0226724 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 -242E+06 -242 -022703 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 -240E+06 -240 -0227326 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 -238E+06 -238 -0227612 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 -236E+06 -236 -022789 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 -234E+06 -234 -0228159 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 -232E+06 -232 -022842 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 -230E+06 -230 -0228674 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 -228E+06 -228 -0228921 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 -227E+06 -227 -0229161 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 -225E+06 -225 -0229396 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 -224E+06 -224 -0229624 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 -222E+06 -222 -0229847 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 -221E+06 -221 -0230065 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 -220E+06 -220 -0230278 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 -218E+06 -218 -0230486 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 -217E+06 -217 -023069 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 -216E+06 -216 -0230889 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 -214E+06 -214 -0231085 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -431089 -043 -0231096 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 120E+06 120 -0230858 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 211E+06 211 -0230046 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 267E+06 267 -0228708 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 307E+06 307 -0226937 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 340E+06 340 -0224816 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 370E+06 370 -0222409 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 397E+06 397 -0219764 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 428E+06 428 -0216787 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 452E+06 452 -0213695 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 479E+06 479 -0210428 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 504E+06 504 -0207082 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 532E+06 532 -0203609 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 559E+06 559 -0200078 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 587E+06 587 -0196496 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 617E+06 617 -0192869 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 648E+06 648 -0189204 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 680E+06 680 -0185511 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 714E+06 714 -0181804 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 749E+06 749 -0178096 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 785E+06 785 -0174403 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 823E+06 823 -017074 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 863E+06 863 -0167122 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 904E+06 904 -0163563 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 947E+06 947 -0160075 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 992E+06 992 -0156671 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 104E+07 1039 -0153362 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 109E+07 1088 -0150159 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 114E+07 1139 -0147073 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 119E+07 1193 -0144111 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 125E+07 1249 -0141284 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 131E+07 1308 -0138599 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 137E+07 1370 -0136062 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 143E+07 1435 -0133679 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 150E+07 1502 -0131452 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 157E+07 1573 -0129385 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 165E+07 1648 -0127477 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 173E+07 1726 -0125725 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 166E+07 1661 -0125472 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 167E+07 1674 -0125206 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 167E+07 1670 -0124958 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 166E+07 1664 -0124728 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 166E+07 1659 -0124512 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 165E+07 1654 -0124309 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 165E+07 1650 -0124116 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 165E+07 1645 -0123931 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 164E+07 1641 -0123755 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 164E+07 1637 -0123585 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 163E+07 1633 -0123421 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 163E+07 1629 -0123263 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 163E+07 1625 -0123109 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 162E+07 1622 -0122961 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 162E+07 1618 -0122816 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 161E+07 1615 -0122676 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 161E+07 1611 -0122539 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 161E+07 1608 -0122406 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 160E+07 1604 -0122275 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 160E+07 1601 -0122148 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 160E+07 1598 -0122023 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 160E+07 1595 -0121901 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 159E+07 1592 -0121782 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 159E+07 1589 -0121665 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 159E+07 1586 -012155 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 158E+07 1583 -0121437 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 158E+07 1581 -0121326 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 158E+07 1578 -0121217 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 158E+07 1575 -012111 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 157E+07 1573 -0121005 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 157E+07 1570 -0120901 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 157E+07 1567 -0120799 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 156E+07 1565 -0120699 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 156E+07 1562 -01206 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 156E+07 1560 -0120502 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 156E+07 1558 -0120406 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 156E+07 1555 -0120311 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 155E+07 1553 -0120218 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 137E+07 1369 -0120098 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 119E+07 1190 -0120046 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 101E+07 1011 -0120016 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 825E+06 825 -0119993 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 633E+06 633 -011997 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 432E+06 432 -0119945 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 225E+06 225 -0119931 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 196274 020 -0119958 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 -170E+06 -170 -0120062 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 -336E+06 -336 -0120281 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 -474E+06 -474 -0120653 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 -579E+06 -579 -0121212 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 -648E+06 -648 -0121978 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 -684E+06 -684 -0122956 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 -693E+06 -693 -0124137 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 -686E+06 -686 -0125506 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 -671E+06 -671 -0127054 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 -655E+06 -655 -0128785 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 -640E+06 -640 -0130708 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 -626E+06 -626 -013284 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 -612E+06 -612 -013519 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 -604E+06 -604 -0137897 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 -584E+06 -584 -0140753 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 -571E+06 -571 -0143885 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 -554E+06 -554 -0147246 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 -537E+06 -537 -0150812 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 -520E+06 -520 -0154576 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 -503E+06 -503 -0158545 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 -486E+06 -486 -0162729 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 -471E+06 -471 -0167139 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 -456E+06 -456 -0171788 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 -442E+06 -442 -0176691 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 -428E+06 -428 -0181865 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 -417E+06 -417 -0187438 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 -404E+06 -404 -0193251 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 -393E+06 -393 -0199455 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 -382E+06 -382 -020604 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 -372E+06 -372 -0212998 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 302
AlN 242
Al2O3 100
AlSiC Si3N4 0224
AlN 0181
Al2O3 0377
Al Si3N4 600
AlN 524
Al2O3 317
Substrate Dimensions (mm)
Si3N4 2322
AlN
Al2O3
Al baseplate (5mm) with metallization CTE on alumina calculated using Curamik formula - MPa
AlSiC baseplate (5mm) with alumina CTE as 68E-6 (from Curamik) - 025 MPa
AlSiC baseplate (5mm) with alumina CTE as 28E-6 (Si3N4) - 021 MPa
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
-40 -40 -40 -40 -40 -40 -40
-20 -20 -20 -20 -20 -20 -20
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 20 20 20 20 20 20
40 40 40 40 40 40 40
60 60 60 60 60 60 60
80 80 80 80 80 80 80
100 100 100 100 100 100 100
120 120 120 120 120 120 120
140 140 140 140 140 140 140
160 160 160 160 160 160 160
180 180 180 180 180 180 180
200 200 200 200 200 200 200

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubstrateMatampThkVariation

30 C
130 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum (Al)
SAC305
Copper (Cu)
Aluminum Silicon Carbide (AlSiC)
Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃)
Aluminum Nitride (AlN)
Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄)
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)

NREL | 5

Strain Energy Density

Strain Energy Density Contour Plot

bull Strain energy densitycycle (volume-averaged at the corner region) was selected as the metric for comparison

NREL | 6

Impact of Baseplate amp Ceramic Material

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Copper AlSiC Al

Stra

in En

ergy

Den

sity

Cycl

e (M

Pa) Si ₃N₄ AlN Al₂O₃

Thickness of baseplate ndash 5 mm ceramic ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

C-SAM Images of SAC305 solder with AlSiC (top) and Cu (bottom) baseplates Images on the left and right were taken at 0 cycles and 500 cycles respectively

bull AlSiC baseplate offers superior reliability than its Cu or Al counterparts mainly due to the low coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch with the ceramic material

MatProperties

Chart1

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
1944981
1541321
0939798
0179141
0161197
0208441
392511
341359
2584948

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubThkVariation_Cu

30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubThkVariation_AlSiC

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

Sheet1

Sheet1

Al
Cu
AlSiC
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum
SAC305
Copper
AlSiC
Aluminum Oxide
Aluminum Nitride
Silicon Nitride
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)
30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
HD_Cu-6mm
RD_Cu-6mm
LD_Cu-6mm
RU_Cu-6mm
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate
987353
642122
-456024
-378683
923847
-251737
-446278
-289891
869985
-112436
-441644
-20142
826528
-16847
-437344
-113478
793482
-193562
-433352
-267531
76978
-205855
-429741
578289
753602
-212609
-426478
140228
742808
-215338
-423498
219073
735334
-212658
-42075
293273
729529
-210149
-4182
360442
724359
-208189
-415817
415434
719366
-206586
-413582
455625
714439
-205962
-411476
480927
709614
-206241
-409486
492206
70495
-207793
-407598
491329
700487
-210607
-405802
477676
696242
-214283
-404091
457667
692218
-218679
-402455
435372
688407
-223716
-40089
412034
684796
-229289
-399389
388742
681374
-23541
-397947
364831
678127
-242023
-39656
340941
675044
-248859
-395224
316071
672111
-256003
-393936
291533
669319
-263503
-392691
267453
666657
-271392
-391488
245001
664116
-280246
-390324
224053
661686
-289863
-389196
204748
659362
-300213
-388102
187481
657134
-311326
-387041
172615
654996
-32266
-38601
159572
652944
-335128
-385008
149148
65097
-348811
-384033
140519
64907
-363845
-383084
133235
647239
-379348
-382159
12711
645474
-396629
-381258
121626
643769
-414574
-380379
116827
642122
-434812
-379521
112569
-456024
-378683
108781

NREL | 7

Impact of Baseplate Thickness amp Footprint

Ceramic (Si3N4) thickness ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm Baseplate thickness ndash 5mm ceramic (Si3N4) ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

Thermal cycling profile - -40degC - 200degC

bull Thickness variation has a larger impact on solder joint reliability than footprintsize variation

Chart1

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
4578005
2194429
0180207
392511
1944981
0179142
315812
1631509
0177693
2275288
1238445
0175518
1295659
0758202
0172362
0476935
0298032
0167606

MatProperties

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubThkVariation_Cu

30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubThkVariation_AlSiC

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

Sheet1

Sheet1

Al
Cu
AlSiC
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum
SAC305
Copper
AlSiC
Aluminum Oxide
Aluminum Nitride
Silicon Nitride
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)
30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
HD_Cu-6mm
RD_Cu-6mm
LD_Cu-6mm
RU_Cu-6mm
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate
987353
642122
-456024
-378683
923847
-251737
-446278
-289891
869985
-112436
-441644
-20142
826528
-16847
-437344
-113478
793482
-193562
-433352
-267531
76978
-205855
-429741
578289
753602
-212609
-426478
140228
742808
-215338
-423498
219073
735334
-212658
-42075
293273
729529
-210149
-4182
360442
724359
-208189
-415817
415434
719366
-206586
-413582
455625
714439
-205962
-411476
480927
709614
-206241
-409486
492206
70495
-207793
-407598
491329
700487
-210607
-405802
477676
696242
-214283
-404091
457667
692218
-218679
-402455
435372
688407
-223716
-40089
412034
684796
-229289
-399389
388742
681374
-23541
-397947
364831
678127
-242023
-39656
340941
675044
-248859
-395224
316071
672111
-256003
-393936
291533
669319
-263503
-392691
267453
666657
-271392
-391488
245001
664116
-280246
-390324
224053
661686
-289863
-389196
204748
659362
-300213
-388102
187481
657134
-311326
-387041
172615
654996
-32266
-38601
159572
652944
-335128
-385008
149148
65097
-348811
-384033
140519
64907
-363845
-383084
133235
647239
-379348
-382159
12711
645474
-396629
-381258
121626
643769
-414574
-380379
116827
642122
-434812
-379521
112569
-456024
-378683
108781

NREL | 8

Impact of Ceramic and Metallization Thickness

Baseplate (Cu) thickness ndash 5 mm ceramic ndash 063 mm Baseplate (Cu) thickness ndash 5 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

bull Higher the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch higher the impact of stiffness variation is

Chart1

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
5883785555
4621163743
2015976646
5032819843
3964128758
1702700695
4089343403
322810827
1357954389
334128457
2641985648
1088452445
2743613918
217137708
08760311193

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubstrateMatampThkVariation

30 C
130 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
FootPrintVariation
Joint Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

NREL | 9

bull Reliability of a power electronics package is mainly determined by the CTE mismatch between the component layers

bull AlSiC baseplate offers superior reliability than Cu or Al baseplates

bull In addition to the CTE mismatch stiffness mismatch also plays a role but its impact is dependent on the inherent CTE mismatch

bull Thicker ceramic materials are not preferred however thicker metallization layers can improve the package reliability

Summary

wwwnrelgov

NRELPR-5400-77235

Thank You

This work was authored by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory operated by Alliance for Sustainable Energy LLC for the US Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No DE-AC36-08GO28308 Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Vehicle Technologies Office The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the US Government The US Government retains and the publisher by accepting the article for publication acknowledges that the US Government retains a nonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this work or allow others to do so for US Government purposes

Acknowledgments

Susan Rogers US Department of Energy

NREL EDT Task Leader

Sreekant NarumanchiSreekantNarumanchinrelgov Phone 303-275-4062

Team Members

Joshua Major (NREL)Douglas DeVoto (NREL)

For more information contact

Principal InvestigatorPaul ParetPaulParetnrelgovPhone 303-275-4376

Joint Length (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
244 302
204
164
124
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 063 0127 588
02 503
03 409
04 334
05 274
Al₂O₃ 063 0127 202
02 170
03 136
04 109
05 088
AlN 063 0127 462
02 396
03 323
04 264
05 217
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 025
032 302
05 435
063 503
075 551
1
Al2O3 025 077
032 100
05 146
063 170
075 187
1 212
AlN 025 189
032 242
05 344
063 396
075 432
1
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 340 023 697
Standard 5 302 022 600
4 254 022 486
3 195 021 354
2 122 020 208
1 051 019 084
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 -352E+06 -352 -0215523 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 -346E+06 -346 -0216828 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 -336E+06 -336 -0217984 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 -324E+06 -324 -0218968 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 -312E+06 -312 -0219805 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 -302E+06 -302 -0220532 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 -294E+06 -294 -0221183 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 -288E+06 -288 -0221777 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 -282E+06 -282 -0222326 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 -277E+06 -277 -0222839 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 -273E+06 -273 -0223321 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 -269E+06 -269 -0223776 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 -265E+06 -265 -0224206 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 -261E+06 -261 -0224615 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 -258E+06 -258 -0225005 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 -255E+06 -255 -0225378 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 -252E+06 -252 -0225735 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 -249E+06 -249 -0226077 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 -247E+06 -247 -0226406 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 -244E+06 -244 -0226724 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 -242E+06 -242 -022703 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 -240E+06 -240 -0227326 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 -238E+06 -238 -0227612 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 -236E+06 -236 -022789 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 -234E+06 -234 -0228159 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 -232E+06 -232 -022842 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 -230E+06 -230 -0228674 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 -228E+06 -228 -0228921 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 -227E+06 -227 -0229161 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 -225E+06 -225 -0229396 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 -224E+06 -224 -0229624 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 -222E+06 -222 -0229847 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 -221E+06 -221 -0230065 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 -220E+06 -220 -0230278 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 -218E+06 -218 -0230486 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 -217E+06 -217 -023069 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 -216E+06 -216 -0230889 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 -214E+06 -214 -0231085 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -431089 -043 -0231096 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 120E+06 120 -0230858 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 211E+06 211 -0230046 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 267E+06 267 -0228708 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 307E+06 307 -0226937 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 340E+06 340 -0224816 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 370E+06 370 -0222409 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 397E+06 397 -0219764 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 428E+06 428 -0216787 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 452E+06 452 -0213695 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 479E+06 479 -0210428 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 504E+06 504 -0207082 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 532E+06 532 -0203609 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 559E+06 559 -0200078 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 587E+06 587 -0196496 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 617E+06 617 -0192869 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 648E+06 648 -0189204 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 680E+06 680 -0185511 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 714E+06 714 -0181804 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 749E+06 749 -0178096 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 785E+06 785 -0174403 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 823E+06 823 -017074 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 863E+06 863 -0167122 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 904E+06 904 -0163563 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 947E+06 947 -0160075 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 992E+06 992 -0156671 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 104E+07 1039 -0153362 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 109E+07 1088 -0150159 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 114E+07 1139 -0147073 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 119E+07 1193 -0144111 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 125E+07 1249 -0141284 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 131E+07 1308 -0138599 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 137E+07 1370 -0136062 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 143E+07 1435 -0133679 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 150E+07 1502 -0131452 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 157E+07 1573 -0129385 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 165E+07 1648 -0127477 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 173E+07 1726 -0125725 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 166E+07 1661 -0125472 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 167E+07 1674 -0125206 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 167E+07 1670 -0124958 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 166E+07 1664 -0124728 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 166E+07 1659 -0124512 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 165E+07 1654 -0124309 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 165E+07 1650 -0124116 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 165E+07 1645 -0123931 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 164E+07 1641 -0123755 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 164E+07 1637 -0123585 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 163E+07 1633 -0123421 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 163E+07 1629 -0123263 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 163E+07 1625 -0123109 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 162E+07 1622 -0122961 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 162E+07 1618 -0122816 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 161E+07 1615 -0122676 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 161E+07 1611 -0122539 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 161E+07 1608 -0122406 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 160E+07 1604 -0122275 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 160E+07 1601 -0122148 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 160E+07 1598 -0122023 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 160E+07 1595 -0121901 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 159E+07 1592 -0121782 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 159E+07 1589 -0121665 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 159E+07 1586 -012155 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 158E+07 1583 -0121437 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 158E+07 1581 -0121326 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 158E+07 1578 -0121217 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 158E+07 1575 -012111 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 157E+07 1573 -0121005 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 157E+07 1570 -0120901 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 157E+07 1567 -0120799 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 156E+07 1565 -0120699 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 156E+07 1562 -01206 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 156E+07 1560 -0120502 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 156E+07 1558 -0120406 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 156E+07 1555 -0120311 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 155E+07 1553 -0120218 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 137E+07 1369 -0120098 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 119E+07 1190 -0120046 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 101E+07 1011 -0120016 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 825E+06 825 -0119993 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 633E+06 633 -011997 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 432E+06 432 -0119945 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 225E+06 225 -0119931 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 196274 020 -0119958 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 -170E+06 -170 -0120062 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 -336E+06 -336 -0120281 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 -474E+06 -474 -0120653 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 -579E+06 -579 -0121212 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 -648E+06 -648 -0121978 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 -684E+06 -684 -0122956 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 -693E+06 -693 -0124137 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 -686E+06 -686 -0125506 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 -671E+06 -671 -0127054 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 -655E+06 -655 -0128785 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 -640E+06 -640 -0130708 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 -626E+06 -626 -013284 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 -612E+06 -612 -013519 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 -604E+06 -604 -0137897 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 -584E+06 -584 -0140753 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 -571E+06 -571 -0143885 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 -554E+06 -554 -0147246 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 -537E+06 -537 -0150812 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 -520E+06 -520 -0154576 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 -503E+06 -503 -0158545 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 -486E+06 -486 -0162729 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 -471E+06 -471 -0167139 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 -456E+06 -456 -0171788 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 -442E+06 -442 -0176691 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 -428E+06 -428 -0181865 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 -417E+06 -417 -0187438 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 -404E+06 -404 -0193251 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 -393E+06 -393 -0199455 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 -382E+06 -382 -020604 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 -372E+06 -372 -0212998 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 302
AlN 242
Al2O3 100
AlSiC Si3N4 0224
AlN 0181
Al2O3 0377
Al Si3N4 600
AlN 524
Al2O3 317
Substrate Dimensions (mm)
Si3N4 2322
AlN
Al2O3
Al baseplate (5mm) with metallization CTE on alumina calculated using Curamik formula - MPa
AlSiC baseplate (5mm) with alumina CTE as 68E-6 (from Curamik) - 025 MPa
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
0127 0127 0127
02 02 02
03 03 03
04 04 04
05 05 05
00276558 0031039 000426353 000346154
00279074 00310325 000422608 000345851
00281621 00309413 000418613 000345848
00284048 00306944 000414529 00034588
00286244 00303134 000410685 000345935
00288157 002986 00040712 000346213
00289786 00293428 000403798 000348785
00291169 00287691 000400682 000356746
00292362 00280983 000397746 000368678
00293422 00273982 000394969 000383575
00294392 00266435 000392334 000402226
00295298 00258482 000389824 0004251
00296155 00250235 000387428 000451869
00296969 00241633 000385135 000482161
00297748 00232901 000382935 000515605
00298494 00224002 000380821 000554802
0029921 0021499 000378786 000597029
002999 00205914 000376823 000643273
00300566 00196813 000374928 000693862
00301209 00187748 000373094 00074826
00301833 00178739 000371319 000807609
00302438 00169801 000369598 0008709
00303025 00160953 000367927 000939524
00303597 00152206 000366304 00101207
00304154 00143569 000364725 00108861
00304696 00135051 000363188 00116803
00305226 00126695 00036169 00125062
00305744 00118515 00036023 00133659
00306251 00110522 000358805 00142614
00306747 00102728 000357414 00151947
00307232 00095079 000356054 00161804
00307708 000876657 000354724 00172087
00308175 000805038 000353424 00182957
00308634 000736073 00035215 00194463
00309084 000668749 000350903 00206658
00309527 000604502 000349681 00219735
00309962 000542059 000348483 00233748
0031039 000483211 000347308 00248903
000426353 000346154 0026541
Cu-6mm
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain
22396 150 101E+07 1007 316E-02
22412 150 947E+06 947 318E-02
22427 150 895E+06 895 321E-02
22443 150 851E+06 851 324E-02
22459 150 817E+06 817 326E-02
22475 150 792E+06 792 328E-02
22491 150 774E+06 774 330E-02
22506 150 762E+06 762 331E-02
22522 150 754E+06 754 333E-02
22538 150 747E+06 747 334E-02
22554 150 742E+06 742 335E-02
22569 150 737E+06 737 336E-02
22585 150 732E+06 732 337E-02
22601 150 727E+06 727 338E-02
22617 150 723E+06 723 338E-02
22633 150 718E+06 718 339E-02
22648 150 714E+06 714 340E-02
22664 150 709E+06 709 341E-02
22680 150 705E+06 705 342E-02
22696 150 702E+06 702 342E-02
22712 150 698E+06 698 343E-02
22727 150 695E+06 695 343E-02
22743 150 691E+06 691 344E-02
22759 150 688E+06 688 345E-02
22775 150 685E+06 685 345E-02
22791 150 682E+06 682 346E-02
22806 150 680E+06 680 346E-02
22822 150 677E+06 677 347E-02
22838 150 675E+06 675 348E-02
22854 150 672E+06 672 348E-02
22869 150 670E+06 670 349E-02
22885 150 668E+06 668 349E-02
22901 150 666E+06 666 350E-02
22917 150 664E+06 664 350E-02
22933 150 662E+06 662 351E-02
22948 150 660E+06 660 351E-02
22964 150 658E+06 658 351E-02
22980 150 656E+06 656 352E-02
23040 145 -292E+06 -292 352E-02
23100 140 -120E+07 -1200 351E-02
23160 135 -175E+07 -1748 348E-02
23220 130 -197E+07 -1971 344E-02
23280 125 -209E+07 -2088 339E-02
23340 120 -215E+07 -2147 333E-02
23400 115 -217E+07 -2169 327E-02
23460 110 -214E+07 -2136 319E-02
23520 105 -209E+07 -2088 311E-02
23580 100 -206E+07 -2055 302E-02
23640 95 -204E+07 -2037 293E-02
23700 90 -203E+07 -2033 284E-02
23760 85 -204E+07 -2044 274E-02
23820 80 -207E+07 -2068 264E-02
23880 75 -210E+07 -2103 254E-02
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 244E-02
24000 65 -219E+07 -2188 233E-02
24060 60 -224E+07 -2239 223E-02
24120 55 -230E+07 -2295 213E-02
24180 50 -235E+07 -2355 203E-02
24240 45 -242E+07 -2419 193E-02
24300 40 -249E+07 -2485 183E-02
24360 35 -255E+07 -2555 173E-02
24420 30 -263E+07 -2628 163E-02
24480 25 -270E+07 -2704 154E-02
24540 20 -278E+07 -2785 144E-02
24600 15 -288E+07 -2882 135E-02
24660 10 -298E+07 -2985 126E-02
24720 5 -309E+07 -3094 118E-02
24780 0 -321E+07 -3210 109E-02
24840 -5 -333E+07 -3335 101E-02
24900 -10 -347E+07 -3469 930E-03
24960 -15 -361E+07 -3613 853E-03
25020 -20 -377E+07 -3770 780E-03
25080 -25 -393E+07 -3932 708E-03
25140 -30 -411E+07 -4111 639E-03
25200 -35 -431E+07 -4310 574E-03
25260 -40 -452E+07 -4517 511E-03
25276 -40 -442E+07 -4419 507E-03
25292 -40 -437E+07 -4373 503E-03
25307 -40 -433E+07 -4330 498E-03
25323 -40 -429E+07 -4289 494E-03
25339 -40 -425E+07 -4253 490E-03
25355 -40 -422E+07 -4220 486E-03
25371 -40 -419E+07 -4190 483E-03
25386 -40 -416E+07 -4162 480E-03
25402 -40 -414E+07 -4136 477E-03
25418 -40 -411E+07 -4113 474E-03
25434 -40 -409E+07 -4090 471E-03
25449 -40 -407E+07 -4069 468E-03
25465 -40 -405E+07 -4049 466E-03
25481 -40 -403E+07 -4030 463E-03
25497 -40 -401E+07 -4012 461E-03
25513 -40 -400E+07 -3995 459E-03
25528 -40 -398E+07 -3979 457E-03
25544 -40 -396E+07 -3963 454E-03
25560 -40 -395E+07 -3949 452E-03
25576 -40 -393E+07 -3934 450E-03
25592 -40 -392E+07 -3920 449E-03
25607 -40 -391E+07 -3907 447E-03
25623 -40 -389E+07 -3894 445E-03
25639 -40 -388E+07 -3882 443E-03
25655 -40 -387E+07 -3870 442E-03
25671 -40 -386E+07 -3858 440E-03
25686 -40 -385E+07 -3847 438E-03
25702 -40 -384E+07 -3836 437E-03
25718 -40 -383E+07 -3826 435E-03
25734 -40 -382E+07 -3816 434E-03
25749 -40 -381E+07 -3806 432E-03
25765 -40 -380E+07 -3796 431E-03
25781 -40 -379E+07 -3786 429E-03
25797 -40 -378E+07 -3777 428E-03
25813 -40 -377E+07 -3768 427E-03
25828 -40 -376E+07 -3760 425E-03
25844 -40 -375E+07 -3751 424E-03
25860 -40 -374E+07 -3743 423E-03
25920 -35 -282E+07 -2819 422E-03
25980 -30 -190E+07 -1897 422E-03
26040 -25 -979E+06 -979 422E-03
26100 -20 -735253 -074 422E-03
26160 -15 809E+06 809 423E-03
26220 -10 167E+07 1670 426E-03
26280 -5 249E+07 2487 435E-03
26340 0 325E+07 3254 448E-03
26400 5 393E+07 3933 465E-03
26460 10 446E+07 4463 486E-03
26520 15 482E+07 4823 511E-03
26580 20 502E+07 5023 541E-03
26640 25 508E+07 5081 574E-03
26700 30 502E+07 5023 611E-03
26760 35 485E+07 4847 654E-03
26820 40 462E+07 4617 700E-03
26880 45 437E+07 4374 752E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4124 809E-03
27000 55 387E+07 3870 871E-03
27060 60 362E+07 3617 938E-03
27120 65 336E+07 3359 101E-02
27180 70 310E+07 3104 109E-02
27240 75 285E+07 2853 117E-02
27300 80 261E+07 2615 125E-02
27360 85 239E+07 2390 134E-02
27420 90 218E+07 2181 144E-02
27480 95 199E+07 1994 153E-02
27540 100 183E+07 1832 164E-02
27600 105 170E+07 1696 174E-02
27660 110 158E+07 1583 185E-02
27720 115 149E+07 1490 197E-02
27780 120 141E+07 1408 209E-02
27840 125 134E+07 1337 222E-02
27900 130 128E+07 1278 236E-02
27960 135 123E+07 1226 251E-02
28020 140 118E+07 1181 267E-02
28080 145 114E+07 1142 284E-02
28140 150 111E+07 1106 303E-02
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
AlSiC 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Material CTE Elastic Modulus (GPa)
Cu 17E-05 115
Alumina 680E-06 370
AlN 450E-06 330
CTE of DBC 0000008115
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Side (mm) Cu Al AlSiC
508 302 600 022
558 353 719 023
608 383 793 023
658 405 848 023
708 422 890 024
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB -558 Cu 352
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si3N4 063 0127 044
02 031
03 022
04 018
05 019
Al2O3 063 0127 016
02 017
03 020
04 026
05 033
AlN 063 0127 026
02 020
03 017
04 018
05 020
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 386
02 328
03 264
04 213
05 172
Al2O3 063 0127 181
02 154
03 124
04 099
05 079
AlN 063 0127 301
02 256
03 206
04 166
05 134
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 025 016
032 018
05 025
063 031
075 037
1 046
Al₂O₃ 025 023
032 021
05 018
063 017
075 017
1 016
AlN 025 016
032 016
05 018
063 020
075 022
1 026
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 025 150
032 194
05 283
063 328
075 360
1 403
Al₂O₃ 025 073
032 094
05 134
063 154
075 168
1 186
AlN 025 120
032 154
05 222
063 256
075 280
1 312
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 219 018 458
Standard 5 194 018 393
4 163 018 316
3 124 018 228
2 076 017 130
1 030 017 048
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 987E+06 987 277E-02 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 924E+06 924 279E-02 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 870E+06 870 282E-02 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 827E+06 827 284E-02 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 793E+06 793 286E-02 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 770E+06 770 288E-02 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 754E+06 754 290E-02 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 743E+06 743 291E-02 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 735E+06 735 292E-02 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 730E+06 730 293E-02 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 724E+06 724 294E-02 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 719E+06 719 295E-02 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 714E+06 714 296E-02 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 710E+06 710 297E-02 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 705E+06 705 298E-02 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 700E+06 700 298E-02 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 696E+06 696 299E-02 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 692E+06 692 300E-02 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 688E+06 688 301E-02 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 685E+06 685 301E-02 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 681E+06 681 302E-02 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 678E+06 678 302E-02 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 675E+06 675 303E-02 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 672E+06 672 304E-02 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 669E+06 669 304E-02 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 667E+06 667 305E-02 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 664E+06 664 305E-02 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 662E+06 662 306E-02 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 659E+06 659 306E-02 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 657E+06 657 307E-02 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 655E+06 655 307E-02 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 653E+06 653 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 651E+06 651 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 649E+06 649 309E-02 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 647E+06 647 309E-02 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 645E+06 645 310E-02 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 644E+06 644 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 642E+06 642 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -252E+06 -252 310E-02 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 -112E+07 -1124 309E-02 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 -168E+07 -1685 307E-02 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 -194E+07 -1936 303E-02 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 -206E+07 -2059 299E-02 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 -213E+07 -2126 293E-02 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 -215E+07 -2153 288E-02 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 -213E+07 -2127 281E-02 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 -210E+07 -2101 274E-02 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 -208E+07 -2082 266E-02 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 -207E+07 -2066 258E-02 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 -206E+07 -2060 250E-02 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 -206E+07 -2062 242E-02 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 -208E+07 -2078 233E-02 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 -211E+07 -2106 224E-02 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 215E-02 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 -219E+07 -2187 206E-02 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 -224E+07 -2237 197E-02 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 -229E+07 -2293 188E-02 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 -235E+07 -2354 179E-02 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 -242E+07 -2420 170E-02 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 -249E+07 -2489 161E-02 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 -256E+07 -2560 152E-02 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 -264E+07 -2635 144E-02 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 -271E+07 -2714 135E-02 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 -280E+07 -2802 127E-02 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 -290E+07 -2899 119E-02 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 -300E+07 -3002 111E-02 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 -311E+07 -3113 103E-02 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 -323E+07 -3227 951E-03 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 -335E+07 -3351 877E-03 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 -349E+07 -3488 805E-03 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 -364E+07 -3638 736E-03 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 -379E+07 -3793 669E-03 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 -397E+07 -3966 605E-03 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 -415E+07 -4146 542E-03 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 -435E+07 -4348 483E-03 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 -456E+07 -4560 426E-03 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 -446E+07 -4463 423E-03 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 -442E+07 -4416 419E-03 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 -437E+07 -4373 415E-03 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 -433E+07 -4334 411E-03 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 -430E+07 -4297 407E-03 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 -426E+07 -4265 404E-03 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 -423E+07 -4235 401E-03 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 -421E+07 -4208 398E-03 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 -418E+07 -4182 395E-03 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 -416E+07 -4158 392E-03 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 -414E+07 -4136 390E-03 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 -411E+07 -4115 387E-03 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 -409E+07 -4095 385E-03 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 -408E+07 -4076 383E-03 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 -406E+07 -4058 381E-03 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 -404E+07 -4041 379E-03 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 -402E+07 -4025 377E-03 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 -401E+07 -4009 375E-03 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 -399E+07 -3994 373E-03 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 -398E+07 -3979 371E-03 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 -397E+07 -3966 370E-03 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 -395E+07 -3952 368E-03 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 -394E+07 -3939 366E-03 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 -393E+07 -3927 365E-03 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 -391E+07 -3915 363E-03 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 -390E+07 -3903 362E-03 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 -389E+07 -3892 360E-03 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 -388E+07 -3881 359E-03 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 -387E+07 -3870 357E-03 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 -386E+07 -3860 356E-03 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 -385E+07 -3850 355E-03 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 -384E+07 -3840 353E-03 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 -383E+07 -3831 352E-03 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 -382E+07 -3822 351E-03 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 -381E+07 -3813 350E-03 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 -380E+07 -3804 348E-03 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 -380E+07 -3795 347E-03 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 -379E+07 -3787 346E-03 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 -290E+07 -2899 346E-03 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 -201E+07 -2014 346E-03 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 -113E+07 -1135 346E-03 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 -268E+06 -268 346E-03 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 578E+06 578 346E-03 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 140E+07 1402 349E-03 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 219E+07 2191 357E-03 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 293E+07 2933 369E-03 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 360E+07 3604 384E-03 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 415E+07 4154 402E-03 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 456E+07 4556 425E-03 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 481E+07 4809 452E-03 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 492E+07 4922 482E-03 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 491E+07 4913 516E-03 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 478E+07 4777 555E-03 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 458E+07 4577 597E-03 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 435E+07 4354 643E-03 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4120 694E-03 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 389E+07 3887 748E-03 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 365E+07 3648 808E-03 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 341E+07 3409 871E-03 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 316E+07 3161 940E-03 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 292E+07 2915 101E-02 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 267E+07 2675 109E-02 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 245E+07 2450 117E-02 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 224E+07 2241 125E-02 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 205E+07 2047 134E-02 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 187E+07 1875 143E-02 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 173E+07 1726 152E-02 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 160E+07 1596 162E-02 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 149E+07 1491 172E-02 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 141E+07 1405 183E-02 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 133E+07 1332 194E-02 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 127E+07 1271 207E-02 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 122E+07 1216 220E-02 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 117E+07 1168 234E-02 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 113E+07 1126 249E-02 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 109E+07 1088 265E-02 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 194
AlN 154
Al2O3 094
AlSiC Si3N4 0179
AlN 0161
Al2O3 0208
Al Si3N4 393
AlN 341
Al2O3 258
Trials SEDCycle (MPa)
AlSiC-Al2O3 Al2O3 elastic modulus is same as Si3N4 0226
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
Substrate Dimensions (mm) Elastic Modulus (GPa) Poissons Ratio CTE (ppmdegC) Remarks
Si3N4 2322 300 028 28 KyoceraRogers
AlN 330 024 45 Accuratus
Al2O3 360 021 72 Kyocera
6 6 6
5 5 5
4 4 4
3 3 3
2 2 2
1 1 1
00276558 0031039 000426353 000346154
00279074 00310325 000422608 000345851
00281621 00309413 000418613 000345848
00284048 00306944 000414529 00034588
00286244 00303134 000410685 000345935
00288157 002986 00040712 000346213
00289786 00293428 000403798 000348785
00291169 00287691 000400682 000356746
00292362 00280983 000397746 000368678
00293422 00273982 000394969 000383575
00294392 00266435 000392334 000402226
00295298 00258482 000389824 0004251
00296155 00250235 000387428 000451869
00296969 00241633 000385135 000482161
00297748 00232901 000382935 000515605
00298494 00224002 000380821 000554802
0029921 0021499 000378786 000597029
002999 00205914 000376823 000643273
00300566 00196813 000374928 000693862
00301209 00187748 000373094 00074826
00301833 00178739 000371319 000807609
00302438 00169801 000369598 0008709
00303025 00160953 000367927 000939524
00303597 00152206 000366304 00101207
00304154 00143569 000364725 00108861
00304696 00135051 000363188 00116803
00305226 00126695 00036169 00125062
00305744 00118515 00036023 00133659
00306251 00110522 000358805 00142614
00306747 00102728 000357414 00151947
00307232 00095079 000356054 00161804
00307708 000876657 000354724 00172087
00308175 000805038 000353424 00182957
00308634 000736073 00035215 00194463
00309084 000668749 000350903 00206658
00309527 000604502 000349681 00219735
00309962 000542059 000348483 00233748
0031039 000483211 000347308 00248903
000426353 000346154 0026541
Cu-6mm
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain
22396 150 101E+07 1007 316E-02
22412 150 947E+06 947 318E-02
22427 150 895E+06 895 321E-02
22443 150 851E+06 851 324E-02
22459 150 817E+06 817 326E-02
22475 150 792E+06 792 328E-02
22491 150 774E+06 774 330E-02
22506 150 762E+06 762 331E-02
22522 150 754E+06 754 333E-02
22538 150 747E+06 747 334E-02
22554 150 742E+06 742 335E-02
22569 150 737E+06 737 336E-02
22585 150 732E+06 732 337E-02
22601 150 727E+06 727 338E-02
22617 150 723E+06 723 338E-02
22633 150 718E+06 718 339E-02
22648 150 714E+06 714 340E-02
22664 150 709E+06 709 341E-02
22680 150 705E+06 705 342E-02
22696 150 702E+06 702 342E-02
22712 150 698E+06 698 343E-02
22727 150 695E+06 695 343E-02
22743 150 691E+06 691 344E-02
22759 150 688E+06 688 345E-02
22775 150 685E+06 685 345E-02
22791 150 682E+06 682 346E-02
22806 150 680E+06 680 346E-02
22822 150 677E+06 677 347E-02
22838 150 675E+06 675 348E-02
22854 150 672E+06 672 348E-02
22869 150 670E+06 670 349E-02
22885 150 668E+06 668 349E-02
22901 150 666E+06 666 350E-02
22917 150 664E+06 664 350E-02
22933 150 662E+06 662 351E-02
22948 150 660E+06 660 351E-02
22964 150 658E+06 658 351E-02
22980 150 656E+06 656 352E-02
23040 145 -292E+06 -292 352E-02
23100 140 -120E+07 -1200 351E-02
23160 135 -175E+07 -1748 348E-02
23220 130 -197E+07 -1971 344E-02
23280 125 -209E+07 -2088 339E-02
23340 120 -215E+07 -2147 333E-02
23400 115 -217E+07 -2169 327E-02
23460 110 -214E+07 -2136 319E-02
23520 105 -209E+07 -2088 311E-02
23580 100 -206E+07 -2055 302E-02
23640 95 -204E+07 -2037 293E-02
23700 90 -203E+07 -2033 284E-02
23760 85 -204E+07 -2044 274E-02
23820 80 -207E+07 -2068 264E-02
23880 75 -210E+07 -2103 254E-02
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 244E-02
24000 65 -219E+07 -2188 233E-02
24060 60 -224E+07 -2239 223E-02
24120 55 -230E+07 -2295 213E-02
24180 50 -235E+07 -2355 203E-02
24240 45 -242E+07 -2419 193E-02
24300 40 -249E+07 -2485 183E-02
24360 35 -255E+07 -2555 173E-02
24420 30 -263E+07 -2628 163E-02
24480 25 -270E+07 -2704 154E-02
24540 20 -278E+07 -2785 144E-02
24600 15 -288E+07 -2882 135E-02
24660 10 -298E+07 -2985 126E-02
24720 5 -309E+07 -3094 118E-02
24780 0 -321E+07 -3210 109E-02
24840 -5 -333E+07 -3335 101E-02
24900 -10 -347E+07 -3469 930E-03
24960 -15 -361E+07 -3613 853E-03
25020 -20 -377E+07 -3770 780E-03
25080 -25 -393E+07 -3932 708E-03
25140 -30 -411E+07 -4111 639E-03
25200 -35 -431E+07 -4310 574E-03
25260 -40 -452E+07 -4517 511E-03
25276 -40 -442E+07 -4419 507E-03
25292 -40 -437E+07 -4373 503E-03
25307 -40 -433E+07 -4330 498E-03
25323 -40 -429E+07 -4289 494E-03
25339 -40 -425E+07 -4253 490E-03
25355 -40 -422E+07 -4220 486E-03
25371 -40 -419E+07 -4190 483E-03
25386 -40 -416E+07 -4162 480E-03
25402 -40 -414E+07 -4136 477E-03
25418 -40 -411E+07 -4113 474E-03
25434 -40 -409E+07 -4090 471E-03
25449 -40 -407E+07 -4069 468E-03
25465 -40 -405E+07 -4049 466E-03
25481 -40 -403E+07 -4030 463E-03
25497 -40 -401E+07 -4012 461E-03
25513 -40 -400E+07 -3995 459E-03
25528 -40 -398E+07 -3979 457E-03
25544 -40 -396E+07 -3963 454E-03
25560 -40 -395E+07 -3949 452E-03
25576 -40 -393E+07 -3934 450E-03
25592 -40 -392E+07 -3920 449E-03
25607 -40 -391E+07 -3907 447E-03
25623 -40 -389E+07 -3894 445E-03
25639 -40 -388E+07 -3882 443E-03
25655 -40 -387E+07 -3870 442E-03
25671 -40 -386E+07 -3858 440E-03
25686 -40 -385E+07 -3847 438E-03
25702 -40 -384E+07 -3836 437E-03
25718 -40 -383E+07 -3826 435E-03
25734 -40 -382E+07 -3816 434E-03
25749 -40 -381E+07 -3806 432E-03
25765 -40 -380E+07 -3796 431E-03
25781 -40 -379E+07 -3786 429E-03
25797 -40 -378E+07 -3777 428E-03
25813 -40 -377E+07 -3768 427E-03
25828 -40 -376E+07 -3760 425E-03
25844 -40 -375E+07 -3751 424E-03
25860 -40 -374E+07 -3743 423E-03
25920 -35 -282E+07 -2819 422E-03
25980 -30 -190E+07 -1897 422E-03
26040 -25 -979E+06 -979 422E-03
26100 -20 -735253 -074 422E-03
26160 -15 809E+06 809 423E-03
26220 -10 167E+07 1670 426E-03
26280 -5 249E+07 2487 435E-03
26340 0 325E+07 3254 448E-03
26400 5 393E+07 3933 465E-03
26460 10 446E+07 4463 486E-03
26520 15 482E+07 4823 511E-03
26580 20 502E+07 5023 541E-03
26640 25 508E+07 5081 574E-03
26700 30 502E+07 5023 611E-03
26760 35 485E+07 4847 654E-03
26820 40 462E+07 4617 700E-03
26880 45 437E+07 4374 752E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4124 809E-03
27000 55 387E+07 3870 871E-03
27060 60 362E+07 3617 938E-03
27120 65 336E+07 3359 101E-02
27180 70 310E+07 3104 109E-02
27240 75 285E+07 2853 117E-02
27300 80 261E+07 2615 125E-02
27360 85 239E+07 2390 134E-02
27420 90 218E+07 2181 144E-02
27480 95 199E+07 1994 153E-02
27540 100 183E+07 1832 164E-02
27600 105 170E+07 1696 174E-02
27660 110 158E+07 1583 185E-02
27720 115 149E+07 1490 197E-02
27780 120 141E+07 1408 209E-02
27840 125 134E+07 1337 222E-02
27900 130 128E+07 1278 236E-02
27960 135 123E+07 1226 251E-02
28020 140 118E+07 1181 267E-02
28080 145 114E+07 1142 284E-02
28140 150 111E+07 1106 303E-02
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
AlSiC 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Material CTE Elastic Modulus (GPa)
Cu 17E-05 115
Alumina 680E-06 370
AlN 450E-06 330
CTE of DBC 0000008115
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Side (mm) Cu Al AlSiC
508 302 600 022
558 353 719 023
608 383 793 023
658 405 848 023
708 422 890 024
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB -558 Cu 352
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si3N4 063 0127 044
02 031
03 022
04 018
05 019
Al2O3 063 0127 016
02 017
03 020
04 026
05 033
AlN 063 0127 026
02 020
03 017
04 018
05 020
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 386
02 328
03 264
04 213
05 172
Al2O3 063 0127 181
02 154
03 124
04 099
05 079
AlN 063 0127 301
02 256
03 206
04 166
05 134
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 025 016
032 018
05 025
063 031
075 037
1 046
Al₂O₃ 025 023
032 021
05 018
063 017
075 017
1 016
AlN 025 016
032 016
05 018
063 020
075 022
1 026
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 025 150
032 194
05 283
063 328
075 360
1 403
Al₂O₃ 025 073
032 094
05 134
063 154
075 168
1 186
AlN 025 120
032 154
05 222
063 256
075 280
1 312
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 219 018 458
Standard 5 194 018 393
4 163 018 316
3 124 018 228
2 076 017 130
1 030 017 048
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 987E+06 987 277E-02 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 924E+06 924 279E-02 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 870E+06 870 282E-02 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 827E+06 827 284E-02 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 793E+06 793 286E-02 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 770E+06 770 288E-02 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 754E+06 754 290E-02 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 743E+06 743 291E-02 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 735E+06 735 292E-02 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 730E+06 730 293E-02 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 724E+06 724 294E-02 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 719E+06 719 295E-02 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 714E+06 714 296E-02 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 710E+06 710 297E-02 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 705E+06 705 298E-02 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 700E+06 700 298E-02 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 696E+06 696 299E-02 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 692E+06 692 300E-02 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 688E+06 688 301E-02 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 685E+06 685 301E-02 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 681E+06 681 302E-02 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 678E+06 678 302E-02 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 675E+06 675 303E-02 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 672E+06 672 304E-02 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 669E+06 669 304E-02 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 667E+06 667 305E-02 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 664E+06 664 305E-02 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 662E+06 662 306E-02 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 659E+06 659 306E-02 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 657E+06 657 307E-02 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 655E+06 655 307E-02 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 653E+06 653 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 651E+06 651 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 649E+06 649 309E-02 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 647E+06 647 309E-02 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 645E+06 645 310E-02 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 644E+06 644 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 642E+06 642 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -252E+06 -252 310E-02 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 -112E+07 -1124 309E-02 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 -168E+07 -1685 307E-02 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 -194E+07 -1936 303E-02 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 -206E+07 -2059 299E-02 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 -213E+07 -2126 293E-02 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 -215E+07 -2153 288E-02 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 -213E+07 -2127 281E-02 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 -210E+07 -2101 274E-02 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 -208E+07 -2082 266E-02 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 -207E+07 -2066 258E-02 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 -206E+07 -2060 250E-02 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 -206E+07 -2062 242E-02 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 -208E+07 -2078 233E-02 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 -211E+07 -2106 224E-02 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 215E-02 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 -219E+07 -2187 206E-02 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 -224E+07 -2237 197E-02 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 -229E+07 -2293 188E-02 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 -235E+07 -2354 179E-02 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 -242E+07 -2420 170E-02 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 -249E+07 -2489 161E-02 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 -256E+07 -2560 152E-02 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 -264E+07 -2635 144E-02 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 -271E+07 -2714 135E-02 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 -280E+07 -2802 127E-02 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 -290E+07 -2899 119E-02 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 -300E+07 -3002 111E-02 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 -311E+07 -3113 103E-02 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 -323E+07 -3227 951E-03 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 -335E+07 -3351 877E-03 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 -349E+07 -3488 805E-03 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 -364E+07 -3638 736E-03 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 -379E+07 -3793 669E-03 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 -397E+07 -3966 605E-03 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 -415E+07 -4146 542E-03 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 -435E+07 -4348 483E-03 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 -456E+07 -4560 426E-03 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 -446E+07 -4463 423E-03 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 -442E+07 -4416 419E-03 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 -437E+07 -4373 415E-03 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 -433E+07 -4334 411E-03 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 -430E+07 -4297 407E-03 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 -426E+07 -4265 404E-03 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 -423E+07 -4235 401E-03 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 -421E+07 -4208 398E-03 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 -418E+07 -4182 395E-03 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 -416E+07 -4158 392E-03 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 -414E+07 -4136 390E-03 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 -411E+07 -4115 387E-03 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 -409E+07 -4095 385E-03 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 -408E+07 -4076 383E-03 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 -406E+07 -4058 381E-03 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 -404E+07 -4041 379E-03 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 -402E+07 -4025 377E-03 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 -401E+07 -4009 375E-03 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 -399E+07 -3994 373E-03 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 -398E+07 -3979 371E-03 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 -397E+07 -3966 370E-03 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 -395E+07 -3952 368E-03 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 -394E+07 -3939 366E-03 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 -393E+07 -3927 365E-03 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 -391E+07 -3915 363E-03 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 -390E+07 -3903 362E-03 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 -389E+07 -3892 360E-03 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 -388E+07 -3881 359E-03 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 -387E+07 -3870 357E-03 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 -386E+07 -3860 356E-03 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 -385E+07 -3850 355E-03 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 -384E+07 -3840 353E-03 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 -383E+07 -3831 352E-03 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 -382E+07 -3822 351E-03 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 -381E+07 -3813 350E-03 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 -380E+07 -3804 348E-03 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 -380E+07 -3795 347E-03 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 -379E+07 -3787 346E-03 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 -290E+07 -2899 346E-03 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 -201E+07 -2014 346E-03 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 -113E+07 -1135 346E-03 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 -268E+06 -268 346E-03 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 578E+06 578 346E-03 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 140E+07 1402 349E-03 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 219E+07 2191 357E-03 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 293E+07 2933 369E-03 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 360E+07 3604 384E-03 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 415E+07 4154 402E-03 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 456E+07 4556 425E-03 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 481E+07 4809 452E-03 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 492E+07 4922 482E-03 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 491E+07 4913 516E-03 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 478E+07 4777 555E-03 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 458E+07 4577 597E-03 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 435E+07 4354 643E-03 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4120 694E-03 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 389E+07 3887 748E-03 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 365E+07 3648 808E-03 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 341E+07 3409 871E-03 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 316E+07 3161 940E-03 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 292E+07 2915 101E-02 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 267E+07 2675 109E-02 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 245E+07 2450 117E-02 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 224E+07 2241 125E-02 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 205E+07 2047 134E-02 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 187E+07 1875 143E-02 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 173E+07 1726 152E-02 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 160E+07 1596 162E-02 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 149E+07 1491 172E-02 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 141E+07 1405 183E-02 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 133E+07 1332 194E-02 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 127E+07 1271 207E-02 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 122E+07 1216 220E-02 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 117E+07 1168 234E-02 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 113E+07 1126 249E-02 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 109E+07 1088 265E-02 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 194
AlN 154
Al₂O₃ 094
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 0179
AlN 0161
Al₂O₃ 0208
Al Si₃N₄ 393
AlN 341
Al₂O₃ 258
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
Copper Copper Copper
AlSiC AlSiC AlSiC
Al Al Al
Substrate Dimensions (mm) Elastic Modulus (GPa) Poissons Ratio CTE (ppmdegC) Remarks
Si3N4 2322 300 028 28 KyoceraRogers
AlN 330 024 45 Accuratus
Al2O3 360 021 72 Kyocera
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper (Cu) 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum (Al) 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
Aluminum Silicon Carbide (AlSiC) 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄) 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride (AlN) 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃) 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Baseplate Side (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB
508 302
558 353 352
608 383
658 405
708
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 588
02 503
03 409
04 334
05 274
Al2O3 063 0127 202
02 170
03 136
04 109
05 088
AlN 063 0127 462
02 396
03 323
04 264
05 217
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 025 235
032 302
05 435
063 503
075 551
1 617
Al2O3 025 077
032 100
05 146
063 170
075 187
1 212
AlN 025 189
032 242
05 344
063 396
075 432
1 482
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 340 023 697
Standard 5 302 022 600
4 254 022 486
3 195 021 354
2 122 020 208
1 051 019 084
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 -352E+06 -352 -0215523 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 -346E+06 -346 -0216828 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 -336E+06 -336 -0217984 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 -324E+06 -324 -0218968 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 -312E+06 -312 -0219805 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 -302E+06 -302 -0220532 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 -294E+06 -294 -0221183 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 -288E+06 -288 -0221777 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 -282E+06 -282 -0222326 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 -277E+06 -277 -0222839 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 -273E+06 -273 -0223321 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 -269E+06 -269 -0223776 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 -265E+06 -265 -0224206 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 -261E+06 -261 -0224615 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 -258E+06 -258 -0225005 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 -255E+06 -255 -0225378 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 -252E+06 -252 -0225735 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 -249E+06 -249 -0226077 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 -247E+06 -247 -0226406 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 -244E+06 -244 -0226724 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 -242E+06 -242 -022703 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 -240E+06 -240 -0227326 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 -238E+06 -238 -0227612 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 -236E+06 -236 -022789 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 -234E+06 -234 -0228159 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 -232E+06 -232 -022842 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 -230E+06 -230 -0228674 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 -228E+06 -228 -0228921 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 -227E+06 -227 -0229161 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 -225E+06 -225 -0229396 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 -224E+06 -224 -0229624 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 -222E+06 -222 -0229847 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 -221E+06 -221 -0230065 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 -220E+06 -220 -0230278 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 -218E+06 -218 -0230486 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 -217E+06 -217 -023069 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 -216E+06 -216 -0230889 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 -214E+06 -214 -0231085 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -431089 -043 -0231096 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 120E+06 120 -0230858 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 211E+06 211 -0230046 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 267E+06 267 -0228708 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 307E+06 307 -0226937 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 340E+06 340 -0224816 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 370E+06 370 -0222409 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 397E+06 397 -0219764 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 428E+06 428 -0216787 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 452E+06 452 -0213695 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 479E+06 479 -0210428 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 504E+06 504 -0207082 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 532E+06 532 -0203609 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 559E+06 559 -0200078 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 587E+06 587 -0196496 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 617E+06 617 -0192869 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 648E+06 648 -0189204 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 680E+06 680 -0185511 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 714E+06 714 -0181804 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 749E+06 749 -0178096 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 785E+06 785 -0174403 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 823E+06 823 -017074 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 863E+06 863 -0167122 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 904E+06 904 -0163563 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 947E+06 947 -0160075 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 992E+06 992 -0156671 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 104E+07 1039 -0153362 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 109E+07 1088 -0150159 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 114E+07 1139 -0147073 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 119E+07 1193 -0144111 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 125E+07 1249 -0141284 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 131E+07 1308 -0138599 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 137E+07 1370 -0136062 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 143E+07 1435 -0133679 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 150E+07 1502 -0131452 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 157E+07 1573 -0129385 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 165E+07 1648 -0127477 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 173E+07 1726 -0125725 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 166E+07 1661 -0125472 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 167E+07 1674 -0125206 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 167E+07 1670 -0124958 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 166E+07 1664 -0124728 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 166E+07 1659 -0124512 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 165E+07 1654 -0124309 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 165E+07 1650 -0124116 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 165E+07 1645 -0123931 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 164E+07 1641 -0123755 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 164E+07 1637 -0123585 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 163E+07 1633 -0123421 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 163E+07 1629 -0123263 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 163E+07 1625 -0123109 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 162E+07 1622 -0122961 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 162E+07 1618 -0122816 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 161E+07 1615 -0122676 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 161E+07 1611 -0122539 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 161E+07 1608 -0122406 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 160E+07 1604 -0122275 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 160E+07 1601 -0122148 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 160E+07 1598 -0122023 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 160E+07 1595 -0121901 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 159E+07 1592 -0121782 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 159E+07 1589 -0121665 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 159E+07 1586 -012155 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 158E+07 1583 -0121437 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 158E+07 1581 -0121326 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 158E+07 1578 -0121217 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 158E+07 1575 -012111 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 157E+07 1573 -0121005 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 157E+07 1570 -0120901 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 157E+07 1567 -0120799 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 156E+07 1565 -0120699 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 156E+07 1562 -01206 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 156E+07 1560 -0120502 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 156E+07 1558 -0120406 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 156E+07 1555 -0120311 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 155E+07 1553 -0120218 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 137E+07 1369 -0120098 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 119E+07 1190 -0120046 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 101E+07 1011 -0120016 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 825E+06 825 -0119993 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 633E+06 633 -011997 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 432E+06 432 -0119945 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 225E+06 225 -0119931 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 196274 020 -0119958 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 -170E+06 -170 -0120062 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 -336E+06 -336 -0120281 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 -474E+06 -474 -0120653 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 -579E+06 -579 -0121212 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 -648E+06 -648 -0121978 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 -684E+06 -684 -0122956 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 -693E+06 -693 -0124137 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 -686E+06 -686 -0125506 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 -671E+06 -671 -0127054 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 -655E+06 -655 -0128785 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 -640E+06 -640 -0130708 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 -626E+06 -626 -013284 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 -612E+06 -612 -013519 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 -604E+06 -604 -0137897 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 -584E+06 -584 -0140753 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 -571E+06 -571 -0143885 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 -554E+06 -554 -0147246 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 -537E+06 -537 -0150812 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 -520E+06 -520 -0154576 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 -503E+06 -503 -0158545 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 -486E+06 -486 -0162729 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 -471E+06 -471 -0167139 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 -456E+06 -456 -0171788 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 -442E+06 -442 -0176691 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 -428E+06 -428 -0181865 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 -417E+06 -417 -0187438 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 -404E+06 -404 -0193251 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 -393E+06 -393 -0199455 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 -382E+06 -382 -020604 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 -372E+06 -372 -0212998 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 302
AlN 242
Al2O3 100
AlSiC Si3N4 0224
AlN 0181
Al2O3 0377
Al Si3N4 600
AlN 524
Al2O3 317
Substrate Dimensions (mm)
Si3N4 2322
AlN
Al2O3
Al baseplate (5mm) with metallization CTE on alumina calculated using Curamik formula - MPa
AlSiC baseplate (5mm) with alumina CTE as 68E-6 (from Curamik) - 025 MPa
AlSiC baseplate (5mm) with alumina CTE as 28E-6 (Si3N4) - 021 MPa
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubstrateMatampThkVariation

30 C
130 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum (Al)
SAC305
Copper (Cu)
Aluminum Silicon Carbide (AlSiC)
Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃)
Aluminum Nitride (AlN)
Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄)
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)

NREL | 5

Strain Energy Density

Strain Energy Density Contour Plot

bull Strain energy densitycycle (volume-averaged at the corner region) was selected as the metric for comparison

NREL | 6

Impact of Baseplate amp Ceramic Material

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Copper AlSiC Al

Stra

in En

ergy

Den

sity

Cycl

e (M

Pa) Si ₃N₄ AlN Al₂O₃

Thickness of baseplate ndash 5 mm ceramic ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

C-SAM Images of SAC305 solder with AlSiC (top) and Cu (bottom) baseplates Images on the left and right were taken at 0 cycles and 500 cycles respectively

bull AlSiC baseplate offers superior reliability than its Cu or Al counterparts mainly due to the low coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch with the ceramic material

MatProperties

Chart1

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
1944981
1541321
0939798
0179141
0161197
0208441
392511
341359
2584948

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubThkVariation_Cu

30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubThkVariation_AlSiC

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

Sheet1

Sheet1

Al
Cu
AlSiC
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum
SAC305
Copper
AlSiC
Aluminum Oxide
Aluminum Nitride
Silicon Nitride
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)
30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
HD_Cu-6mm
RD_Cu-6mm
LD_Cu-6mm
RU_Cu-6mm
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate
987353
642122
-456024
-378683
923847
-251737
-446278
-289891
869985
-112436
-441644
-20142
826528
-16847
-437344
-113478
793482
-193562
-433352
-267531
76978
-205855
-429741
578289
753602
-212609
-426478
140228
742808
-215338
-423498
219073
735334
-212658
-42075
293273
729529
-210149
-4182
360442
724359
-208189
-415817
415434
719366
-206586
-413582
455625
714439
-205962
-411476
480927
709614
-206241
-409486
492206
70495
-207793
-407598
491329
700487
-210607
-405802
477676
696242
-214283
-404091
457667
692218
-218679
-402455
435372
688407
-223716
-40089
412034
684796
-229289
-399389
388742
681374
-23541
-397947
364831
678127
-242023
-39656
340941
675044
-248859
-395224
316071
672111
-256003
-393936
291533
669319
-263503
-392691
267453
666657
-271392
-391488
245001
664116
-280246
-390324
224053
661686
-289863
-389196
204748
659362
-300213
-388102
187481
657134
-311326
-387041
172615
654996
-32266
-38601
159572
652944
-335128
-385008
149148
65097
-348811
-384033
140519
64907
-363845
-383084
133235
647239
-379348
-382159
12711
645474
-396629
-381258
121626
643769
-414574
-380379
116827
642122
-434812
-379521
112569
-456024
-378683
108781

NREL | 7

Impact of Baseplate Thickness amp Footprint

Ceramic (Si3N4) thickness ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm Baseplate thickness ndash 5mm ceramic (Si3N4) ndash 032 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

Thermal cycling profile - -40degC - 200degC

bull Thickness variation has a larger impact on solder joint reliability than footprintsize variation

Chart1

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
4578005
2194429
0180207
392511
1944981
0179142
315812
1631509
0177693
2275288
1238445
0175518
1295659
0758202
0172362
0476935
0298032
0167606

MatProperties

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubThkVariation_Cu

30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubThkVariation_AlSiC

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

SubMetThkVariation_Cu

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

SubMetThkVariation_AlSiC

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

CTEProperties

CTEProperties

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

Sheet1

Sheet1

Al
Cu
AlSiC
Baseplate Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Aluminum
SAC305
Copper
AlSiC
Aluminum Oxide
Aluminum Nitride
Silicon Nitride
Temperature (degC)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (ppmdegC)
30 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
HD_Cu-6mm
RD_Cu-6mm
LD_Cu-6mm
RU_Cu-6mm
Strain (Z)
Stress Z (MPa)
Cu Baseplate
987353
642122
-456024
-378683
923847
-251737
-446278
-289891
869985
-112436
-441644
-20142
826528
-16847
-437344
-113478
793482
-193562
-433352
-267531
76978
-205855
-429741
578289
753602
-212609
-426478
140228
742808
-215338
-423498
219073
735334
-212658
-42075
293273
729529
-210149
-4182
360442
724359
-208189
-415817
415434
719366
-206586
-413582
455625
714439
-205962
-411476
480927
709614
-206241
-409486
492206
70495
-207793
-407598
491329
700487
-210607
-405802
477676
696242
-214283
-404091
457667
692218
-218679
-402455
435372
688407
-223716
-40089
412034
684796
-229289
-399389
388742
681374
-23541
-397947
364831
678127
-242023
-39656
340941
675044
-248859
-395224
316071
672111
-256003
-393936
291533
669319
-263503
-392691
267453
666657
-271392
-391488
245001
664116
-280246
-390324
224053
661686
-289863
-389196
204748
659362
-300213
-388102
187481
657134
-311326
-387041
172615
654996
-32266
-38601
159572
652944
-335128
-385008
149148
65097
-348811
-384033
140519
64907
-363845
-383084
133235
647239
-379348
-382159
12711
645474
-396629
-381258
121626
643769
-414574
-380379
116827
642122
-434812
-379521
112569
-456024
-378683
108781

NREL | 8

Impact of Ceramic and Metallization Thickness

Baseplate (Cu) thickness ndash 5 mm ceramic ndash 063 mm Baseplate (Cu) thickness ndash 5 mm metallization ndash 02 mm

bull Higher the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch higher the impact of stiffness variation is

Chart1

Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
5883785555
4621163743
2015976646
5032819843
3964128758
1702700695
4089343403
322810827
1357954389
334128457
2641985648
1088452445
2743613918
217137708
08760311193

MasterStudy

MasterStudy

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

BaseplateMatampThkVariation

Al
Copper
AlSiC
Baseplate Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

SubstrateMatampThkVariation

30 C
130 C
HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
Cu Baseplate

SubMetThkVariation

HighDwellCu
RampDownCu
LowDwellCu
RampUpCu
Strain (XZ)
Stress XZ (MPa)
AlSiC Baseplate

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

BaseplateFootPrintVariation

Si3N4
AlN
Al2O3
Substrate Ceramic Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Si₃N₄
AlN
Al₂O₃
Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
FootPrintVariation
Joint Length (mm)
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)

NREL | 9

bull Reliability of a power electronics package is mainly determined by the CTE mismatch between the component layers

bull AlSiC baseplate offers superior reliability than Cu or Al baseplates

bull In addition to the CTE mismatch stiffness mismatch also plays a role but its impact is dependent on the inherent CTE mismatch

bull Thicker ceramic materials are not preferred however thicker metallization layers can improve the package reliability

Summary

wwwnrelgov

NRELPR-5400-77235

Thank You

This work was authored by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory operated by Alliance for Sustainable Energy LLC for the US Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No DE-AC36-08GO28308 Funding provided by US Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Vehicle Technologies Office The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the US Government The US Government retains and the publisher by accepting the article for publication acknowledges that the US Government retains a nonexclusive paid-up irrevocable worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this work or allow others to do so for US Government purposes

Acknowledgments

Susan Rogers US Department of Energy

NREL EDT Task Leader

Sreekant NarumanchiSreekantNarumanchinrelgov Phone 303-275-4062

Team Members

Joshua Major (NREL)Douglas DeVoto (NREL)

For more information contact

Principal InvestigatorPaul ParetPaulParetnrelgovPhone 303-275-4376

Joint Length (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
244 302
204
164
124
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 063 0127 588
02 503
03 409
04 334
05 274
Al₂O₃ 063 0127 202
02 170
03 136
04 109
05 088
AlN 063 0127 462
02 396
03 323
04 264
05 217
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 025
032 302
05 435
063 503
075 551
1
Al2O3 025 077
032 100
05 146
063 170
075 187
1 212
AlN 025 189
032 242
05 344
063 396
075 432
1
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 340 023 697
Standard 5 302 022 600
4 254 022 486
3 195 021 354
2 122 020 208
1 051 019 084
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 -352E+06 -352 -0215523 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 -346E+06 -346 -0216828 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 -336E+06 -336 -0217984 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 -324E+06 -324 -0218968 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 -312E+06 -312 -0219805 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 -302E+06 -302 -0220532 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 -294E+06 -294 -0221183 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 -288E+06 -288 -0221777 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 -282E+06 -282 -0222326 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 -277E+06 -277 -0222839 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 -273E+06 -273 -0223321 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 -269E+06 -269 -0223776 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 -265E+06 -265 -0224206 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 -261E+06 -261 -0224615 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 -258E+06 -258 -0225005 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 -255E+06 -255 -0225378 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 -252E+06 -252 -0225735 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 -249E+06 -249 -0226077 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 -247E+06 -247 -0226406 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 -244E+06 -244 -0226724 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 -242E+06 -242 -022703 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 -240E+06 -240 -0227326 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 -238E+06 -238 -0227612 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 -236E+06 -236 -022789 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 -234E+06 -234 -0228159 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 -232E+06 -232 -022842 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 -230E+06 -230 -0228674 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 -228E+06 -228 -0228921 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 -227E+06 -227 -0229161 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 -225E+06 -225 -0229396 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 -224E+06 -224 -0229624 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 -222E+06 -222 -0229847 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 -221E+06 -221 -0230065 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 -220E+06 -220 -0230278 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 -218E+06 -218 -0230486 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 -217E+06 -217 -023069 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 -216E+06 -216 -0230889 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 -214E+06 -214 -0231085 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -431089 -043 -0231096 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 120E+06 120 -0230858 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 211E+06 211 -0230046 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 267E+06 267 -0228708 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 307E+06 307 -0226937 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 340E+06 340 -0224816 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 370E+06 370 -0222409 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 397E+06 397 -0219764 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 428E+06 428 -0216787 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 452E+06 452 -0213695 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 479E+06 479 -0210428 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 504E+06 504 -0207082 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 532E+06 532 -0203609 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 559E+06 559 -0200078 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 587E+06 587 -0196496 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 617E+06 617 -0192869 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 648E+06 648 -0189204 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 680E+06 680 -0185511 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 714E+06 714 -0181804 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 749E+06 749 -0178096 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 785E+06 785 -0174403 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 823E+06 823 -017074 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 863E+06 863 -0167122 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 904E+06 904 -0163563 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 947E+06 947 -0160075 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 992E+06 992 -0156671 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 104E+07 1039 -0153362 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 109E+07 1088 -0150159 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 114E+07 1139 -0147073 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 119E+07 1193 -0144111 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 125E+07 1249 -0141284 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 131E+07 1308 -0138599 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 137E+07 1370 -0136062 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 143E+07 1435 -0133679 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 150E+07 1502 -0131452 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 157E+07 1573 -0129385 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 165E+07 1648 -0127477 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 173E+07 1726 -0125725 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 166E+07 1661 -0125472 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 167E+07 1674 -0125206 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 167E+07 1670 -0124958 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 166E+07 1664 -0124728 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 166E+07 1659 -0124512 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 165E+07 1654 -0124309 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 165E+07 1650 -0124116 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 165E+07 1645 -0123931 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 164E+07 1641 -0123755 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 164E+07 1637 -0123585 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 163E+07 1633 -0123421 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 163E+07 1629 -0123263 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 163E+07 1625 -0123109 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 162E+07 1622 -0122961 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 162E+07 1618 -0122816 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 161E+07 1615 -0122676 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 161E+07 1611 -0122539 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 161E+07 1608 -0122406 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 160E+07 1604 -0122275 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 160E+07 1601 -0122148 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 160E+07 1598 -0122023 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 160E+07 1595 -0121901 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 159E+07 1592 -0121782 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 159E+07 1589 -0121665 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 159E+07 1586 -012155 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 158E+07 1583 -0121437 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 158E+07 1581 -0121326 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 158E+07 1578 -0121217 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 158E+07 1575 -012111 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 157E+07 1573 -0121005 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 157E+07 1570 -0120901 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 157E+07 1567 -0120799 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 156E+07 1565 -0120699 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 156E+07 1562 -01206 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 156E+07 1560 -0120502 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 156E+07 1558 -0120406 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 156E+07 1555 -0120311 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 155E+07 1553 -0120218 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 137E+07 1369 -0120098 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 119E+07 1190 -0120046 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 101E+07 1011 -0120016 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 825E+06 825 -0119993 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 633E+06 633 -011997 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 432E+06 432 -0119945 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 225E+06 225 -0119931 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 196274 020 -0119958 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 -170E+06 -170 -0120062 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 -336E+06 -336 -0120281 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 -474E+06 -474 -0120653 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 -579E+06 -579 -0121212 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 -648E+06 -648 -0121978 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 -684E+06 -684 -0122956 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 -693E+06 -693 -0124137 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 -686E+06 -686 -0125506 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 -671E+06 -671 -0127054 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 -655E+06 -655 -0128785 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 -640E+06 -640 -0130708 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 -626E+06 -626 -013284 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 -612E+06 -612 -013519 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 -604E+06 -604 -0137897 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 -584E+06 -584 -0140753 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 -571E+06 -571 -0143885 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 -554E+06 -554 -0147246 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 -537E+06 -537 -0150812 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 -520E+06 -520 -0154576 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 -503E+06 -503 -0158545 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 -486E+06 -486 -0162729 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 -471E+06 -471 -0167139 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 -456E+06 -456 -0171788 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 -442E+06 -442 -0176691 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 -428E+06 -428 -0181865 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 -417E+06 -417 -0187438 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 -404E+06 -404 -0193251 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 -393E+06 -393 -0199455 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 -382E+06 -382 -020604 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 -372E+06 -372 -0212998 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 302
AlN 242
Al2O3 100
AlSiC Si3N4 0224
AlN 0181
Al2O3 0377
Al Si3N4 600
AlN 524
Al2O3 317
Substrate Dimensions (mm)
Si3N4 2322
AlN
Al2O3
Al baseplate (5mm) with metallization CTE on alumina calculated using Curamik formula - MPa
AlSiC baseplate (5mm) with alumina CTE as 68E-6 (from Curamik) - 025 MPa
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
0127 0127 0127
02 02 02
03 03 03
04 04 04
05 05 05
00276558 0031039 000426353 000346154
00279074 00310325 000422608 000345851
00281621 00309413 000418613 000345848
00284048 00306944 000414529 00034588
00286244 00303134 000410685 000345935
00288157 002986 00040712 000346213
00289786 00293428 000403798 000348785
00291169 00287691 000400682 000356746
00292362 00280983 000397746 000368678
00293422 00273982 000394969 000383575
00294392 00266435 000392334 000402226
00295298 00258482 000389824 0004251
00296155 00250235 000387428 000451869
00296969 00241633 000385135 000482161
00297748 00232901 000382935 000515605
00298494 00224002 000380821 000554802
0029921 0021499 000378786 000597029
002999 00205914 000376823 000643273
00300566 00196813 000374928 000693862
00301209 00187748 000373094 00074826
00301833 00178739 000371319 000807609
00302438 00169801 000369598 0008709
00303025 00160953 000367927 000939524
00303597 00152206 000366304 00101207
00304154 00143569 000364725 00108861
00304696 00135051 000363188 00116803
00305226 00126695 00036169 00125062
00305744 00118515 00036023 00133659
00306251 00110522 000358805 00142614
00306747 00102728 000357414 00151947
00307232 00095079 000356054 00161804
00307708 000876657 000354724 00172087
00308175 000805038 000353424 00182957
00308634 000736073 00035215 00194463
00309084 000668749 000350903 00206658
00309527 000604502 000349681 00219735
00309962 000542059 000348483 00233748
0031039 000483211 000347308 00248903
000426353 000346154 0026541
Cu-6mm
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain
22396 150 101E+07 1007 316E-02
22412 150 947E+06 947 318E-02
22427 150 895E+06 895 321E-02
22443 150 851E+06 851 324E-02
22459 150 817E+06 817 326E-02
22475 150 792E+06 792 328E-02
22491 150 774E+06 774 330E-02
22506 150 762E+06 762 331E-02
22522 150 754E+06 754 333E-02
22538 150 747E+06 747 334E-02
22554 150 742E+06 742 335E-02
22569 150 737E+06 737 336E-02
22585 150 732E+06 732 337E-02
22601 150 727E+06 727 338E-02
22617 150 723E+06 723 338E-02
22633 150 718E+06 718 339E-02
22648 150 714E+06 714 340E-02
22664 150 709E+06 709 341E-02
22680 150 705E+06 705 342E-02
22696 150 702E+06 702 342E-02
22712 150 698E+06 698 343E-02
22727 150 695E+06 695 343E-02
22743 150 691E+06 691 344E-02
22759 150 688E+06 688 345E-02
22775 150 685E+06 685 345E-02
22791 150 682E+06 682 346E-02
22806 150 680E+06 680 346E-02
22822 150 677E+06 677 347E-02
22838 150 675E+06 675 348E-02
22854 150 672E+06 672 348E-02
22869 150 670E+06 670 349E-02
22885 150 668E+06 668 349E-02
22901 150 666E+06 666 350E-02
22917 150 664E+06 664 350E-02
22933 150 662E+06 662 351E-02
22948 150 660E+06 660 351E-02
22964 150 658E+06 658 351E-02
22980 150 656E+06 656 352E-02
23040 145 -292E+06 -292 352E-02
23100 140 -120E+07 -1200 351E-02
23160 135 -175E+07 -1748 348E-02
23220 130 -197E+07 -1971 344E-02
23280 125 -209E+07 -2088 339E-02
23340 120 -215E+07 -2147 333E-02
23400 115 -217E+07 -2169 327E-02
23460 110 -214E+07 -2136 319E-02
23520 105 -209E+07 -2088 311E-02
23580 100 -206E+07 -2055 302E-02
23640 95 -204E+07 -2037 293E-02
23700 90 -203E+07 -2033 284E-02
23760 85 -204E+07 -2044 274E-02
23820 80 -207E+07 -2068 264E-02
23880 75 -210E+07 -2103 254E-02
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 244E-02
24000 65 -219E+07 -2188 233E-02
24060 60 -224E+07 -2239 223E-02
24120 55 -230E+07 -2295 213E-02
24180 50 -235E+07 -2355 203E-02
24240 45 -242E+07 -2419 193E-02
24300 40 -249E+07 -2485 183E-02
24360 35 -255E+07 -2555 173E-02
24420 30 -263E+07 -2628 163E-02
24480 25 -270E+07 -2704 154E-02
24540 20 -278E+07 -2785 144E-02
24600 15 -288E+07 -2882 135E-02
24660 10 -298E+07 -2985 126E-02
24720 5 -309E+07 -3094 118E-02
24780 0 -321E+07 -3210 109E-02
24840 -5 -333E+07 -3335 101E-02
24900 -10 -347E+07 -3469 930E-03
24960 -15 -361E+07 -3613 853E-03
25020 -20 -377E+07 -3770 780E-03
25080 -25 -393E+07 -3932 708E-03
25140 -30 -411E+07 -4111 639E-03
25200 -35 -431E+07 -4310 574E-03
25260 -40 -452E+07 -4517 511E-03
25276 -40 -442E+07 -4419 507E-03
25292 -40 -437E+07 -4373 503E-03
25307 -40 -433E+07 -4330 498E-03
25323 -40 -429E+07 -4289 494E-03
25339 -40 -425E+07 -4253 490E-03
25355 -40 -422E+07 -4220 486E-03
25371 -40 -419E+07 -4190 483E-03
25386 -40 -416E+07 -4162 480E-03
25402 -40 -414E+07 -4136 477E-03
25418 -40 -411E+07 -4113 474E-03
25434 -40 -409E+07 -4090 471E-03
25449 -40 -407E+07 -4069 468E-03
25465 -40 -405E+07 -4049 466E-03
25481 -40 -403E+07 -4030 463E-03
25497 -40 -401E+07 -4012 461E-03
25513 -40 -400E+07 -3995 459E-03
25528 -40 -398E+07 -3979 457E-03
25544 -40 -396E+07 -3963 454E-03
25560 -40 -395E+07 -3949 452E-03
25576 -40 -393E+07 -3934 450E-03
25592 -40 -392E+07 -3920 449E-03
25607 -40 -391E+07 -3907 447E-03
25623 -40 -389E+07 -3894 445E-03
25639 -40 -388E+07 -3882 443E-03
25655 -40 -387E+07 -3870 442E-03
25671 -40 -386E+07 -3858 440E-03
25686 -40 -385E+07 -3847 438E-03
25702 -40 -384E+07 -3836 437E-03
25718 -40 -383E+07 -3826 435E-03
25734 -40 -382E+07 -3816 434E-03
25749 -40 -381E+07 -3806 432E-03
25765 -40 -380E+07 -3796 431E-03
25781 -40 -379E+07 -3786 429E-03
25797 -40 -378E+07 -3777 428E-03
25813 -40 -377E+07 -3768 427E-03
25828 -40 -376E+07 -3760 425E-03
25844 -40 -375E+07 -3751 424E-03
25860 -40 -374E+07 -3743 423E-03
25920 -35 -282E+07 -2819 422E-03
25980 -30 -190E+07 -1897 422E-03
26040 -25 -979E+06 -979 422E-03
26100 -20 -735253 -074 422E-03
26160 -15 809E+06 809 423E-03
26220 -10 167E+07 1670 426E-03
26280 -5 249E+07 2487 435E-03
26340 0 325E+07 3254 448E-03
26400 5 393E+07 3933 465E-03
26460 10 446E+07 4463 486E-03
26520 15 482E+07 4823 511E-03
26580 20 502E+07 5023 541E-03
26640 25 508E+07 5081 574E-03
26700 30 502E+07 5023 611E-03
26760 35 485E+07 4847 654E-03
26820 40 462E+07 4617 700E-03
26880 45 437E+07 4374 752E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4124 809E-03
27000 55 387E+07 3870 871E-03
27060 60 362E+07 3617 938E-03
27120 65 336E+07 3359 101E-02
27180 70 310E+07 3104 109E-02
27240 75 285E+07 2853 117E-02
27300 80 261E+07 2615 125E-02
27360 85 239E+07 2390 134E-02
27420 90 218E+07 2181 144E-02
27480 95 199E+07 1994 153E-02
27540 100 183E+07 1832 164E-02
27600 105 170E+07 1696 174E-02
27660 110 158E+07 1583 185E-02
27720 115 149E+07 1490 197E-02
27780 120 141E+07 1408 209E-02
27840 125 134E+07 1337 222E-02
27900 130 128E+07 1278 236E-02
27960 135 123E+07 1226 251E-02
28020 140 118E+07 1181 267E-02
28080 145 114E+07 1142 284E-02
28140 150 111E+07 1106 303E-02
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
AlSiC 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Material CTE Elastic Modulus (GPa)
Cu 17E-05 115
Alumina 680E-06 370
AlN 450E-06 330
CTE of DBC 0000008115
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Side (mm) Cu Al AlSiC
508 302 600 022
558 353 719 023
608 383 793 023
658 405 848 023
708 422 890 024
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB -558 Cu 352
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si3N4 063 0127 044
02 031
03 022
04 018
05 019
Al2O3 063 0127 016
02 017
03 020
04 026
05 033
AlN 063 0127 026
02 020
03 017
04 018
05 020
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 386
02 328
03 264
04 213
05 172
Al2O3 063 0127 181
02 154
03 124
04 099
05 079
AlN 063 0127 301
02 256
03 206
04 166
05 134
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 025 016
032 018
05 025
063 031
075 037
1 046
Al₂O₃ 025 023
032 021
05 018
063 017
075 017
1 016
AlN 025 016
032 016
05 018
063 020
075 022
1 026
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 025 150
032 194
05 283
063 328
075 360
1 403
Al₂O₃ 025 073
032 094
05 134
063 154
075 168
1 186
AlN 025 120
032 154
05 222
063 256
075 280
1 312
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 219 018 458
Standard 5 194 018 393
4 163 018 316
3 124 018 228
2 076 017 130
1 030 017 048
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 987E+06 987 277E-02 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 924E+06 924 279E-02 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 870E+06 870 282E-02 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 827E+06 827 284E-02 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 793E+06 793 286E-02 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 770E+06 770 288E-02 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 754E+06 754 290E-02 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 743E+06 743 291E-02 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 735E+06 735 292E-02 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 730E+06 730 293E-02 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 724E+06 724 294E-02 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 719E+06 719 295E-02 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 714E+06 714 296E-02 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 710E+06 710 297E-02 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 705E+06 705 298E-02 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 700E+06 700 298E-02 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 696E+06 696 299E-02 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 692E+06 692 300E-02 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 688E+06 688 301E-02 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 685E+06 685 301E-02 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 681E+06 681 302E-02 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 678E+06 678 302E-02 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 675E+06 675 303E-02 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 672E+06 672 304E-02 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 669E+06 669 304E-02 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 667E+06 667 305E-02 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 664E+06 664 305E-02 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 662E+06 662 306E-02 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 659E+06 659 306E-02 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 657E+06 657 307E-02 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 655E+06 655 307E-02 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 653E+06 653 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 651E+06 651 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 649E+06 649 309E-02 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 647E+06 647 309E-02 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 645E+06 645 310E-02 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 644E+06 644 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 642E+06 642 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -252E+06 -252 310E-02 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 -112E+07 -1124 309E-02 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 -168E+07 -1685 307E-02 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 -194E+07 -1936 303E-02 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 -206E+07 -2059 299E-02 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 -213E+07 -2126 293E-02 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 -215E+07 -2153 288E-02 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 -213E+07 -2127 281E-02 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 -210E+07 -2101 274E-02 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 -208E+07 -2082 266E-02 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 -207E+07 -2066 258E-02 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 -206E+07 -2060 250E-02 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 -206E+07 -2062 242E-02 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 -208E+07 -2078 233E-02 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 -211E+07 -2106 224E-02 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 215E-02 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 -219E+07 -2187 206E-02 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 -224E+07 -2237 197E-02 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 -229E+07 -2293 188E-02 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 -235E+07 -2354 179E-02 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 -242E+07 -2420 170E-02 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 -249E+07 -2489 161E-02 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 -256E+07 -2560 152E-02 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 -264E+07 -2635 144E-02 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 -271E+07 -2714 135E-02 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 -280E+07 -2802 127E-02 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 -290E+07 -2899 119E-02 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 -300E+07 -3002 111E-02 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 -311E+07 -3113 103E-02 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 -323E+07 -3227 951E-03 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 -335E+07 -3351 877E-03 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 -349E+07 -3488 805E-03 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 -364E+07 -3638 736E-03 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 -379E+07 -3793 669E-03 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 -397E+07 -3966 605E-03 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 -415E+07 -4146 542E-03 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 -435E+07 -4348 483E-03 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 -456E+07 -4560 426E-03 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 -446E+07 -4463 423E-03 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 -442E+07 -4416 419E-03 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 -437E+07 -4373 415E-03 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 -433E+07 -4334 411E-03 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 -430E+07 -4297 407E-03 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 -426E+07 -4265 404E-03 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 -423E+07 -4235 401E-03 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 -421E+07 -4208 398E-03 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 -418E+07 -4182 395E-03 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 -416E+07 -4158 392E-03 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 -414E+07 -4136 390E-03 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 -411E+07 -4115 387E-03 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 -409E+07 -4095 385E-03 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 -408E+07 -4076 383E-03 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 -406E+07 -4058 381E-03 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 -404E+07 -4041 379E-03 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 -402E+07 -4025 377E-03 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 -401E+07 -4009 375E-03 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 -399E+07 -3994 373E-03 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 -398E+07 -3979 371E-03 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 -397E+07 -3966 370E-03 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 -395E+07 -3952 368E-03 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 -394E+07 -3939 366E-03 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 -393E+07 -3927 365E-03 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 -391E+07 -3915 363E-03 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 -390E+07 -3903 362E-03 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 -389E+07 -3892 360E-03 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 -388E+07 -3881 359E-03 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 -387E+07 -3870 357E-03 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 -386E+07 -3860 356E-03 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 -385E+07 -3850 355E-03 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 -384E+07 -3840 353E-03 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 -383E+07 -3831 352E-03 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 -382E+07 -3822 351E-03 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 -381E+07 -3813 350E-03 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 -380E+07 -3804 348E-03 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 -380E+07 -3795 347E-03 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 -379E+07 -3787 346E-03 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 -290E+07 -2899 346E-03 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 -201E+07 -2014 346E-03 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 -113E+07 -1135 346E-03 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 -268E+06 -268 346E-03 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 578E+06 578 346E-03 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 140E+07 1402 349E-03 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 219E+07 2191 357E-03 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 293E+07 2933 369E-03 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 360E+07 3604 384E-03 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 415E+07 4154 402E-03 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 456E+07 4556 425E-03 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 481E+07 4809 452E-03 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 492E+07 4922 482E-03 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 491E+07 4913 516E-03 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 478E+07 4777 555E-03 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 458E+07 4577 597E-03 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 435E+07 4354 643E-03 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4120 694E-03 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 389E+07 3887 748E-03 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 365E+07 3648 808E-03 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 341E+07 3409 871E-03 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 316E+07 3161 940E-03 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 292E+07 2915 101E-02 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 267E+07 2675 109E-02 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 245E+07 2450 117E-02 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 224E+07 2241 125E-02 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 205E+07 2047 134E-02 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 187E+07 1875 143E-02 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 173E+07 1726 152E-02 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 160E+07 1596 162E-02 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 149E+07 1491 172E-02 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 141E+07 1405 183E-02 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 133E+07 1332 194E-02 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 127E+07 1271 207E-02 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 122E+07 1216 220E-02 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 117E+07 1168 234E-02 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 113E+07 1126 249E-02 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 109E+07 1088 265E-02 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 194
AlN 154
Al2O3 094
AlSiC Si3N4 0179
AlN 0161
Al2O3 0208
Al Si3N4 393
AlN 341
Al2O3 258
Trials SEDCycle (MPa)
AlSiC-Al2O3 Al2O3 elastic modulus is same as Si3N4 0226
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
Substrate Dimensions (mm) Elastic Modulus (GPa) Poissons Ratio CTE (ppmdegC) Remarks
Si3N4 2322 300 028 28 KyoceraRogers
AlN 330 024 45 Accuratus
Al2O3 360 021 72 Kyocera
6 6 6
5 5 5
4 4 4
3 3 3
2 2 2
1 1 1
00276558 0031039 000426353 000346154
00279074 00310325 000422608 000345851
00281621 00309413 000418613 000345848
00284048 00306944 000414529 00034588
00286244 00303134 000410685 000345935
00288157 002986 00040712 000346213
00289786 00293428 000403798 000348785
00291169 00287691 000400682 000356746
00292362 00280983 000397746 000368678
00293422 00273982 000394969 000383575
00294392 00266435 000392334 000402226
00295298 00258482 000389824 0004251
00296155 00250235 000387428 000451869
00296969 00241633 000385135 000482161
00297748 00232901 000382935 000515605
00298494 00224002 000380821 000554802
0029921 0021499 000378786 000597029
002999 00205914 000376823 000643273
00300566 00196813 000374928 000693862
00301209 00187748 000373094 00074826
00301833 00178739 000371319 000807609
00302438 00169801 000369598 0008709
00303025 00160953 000367927 000939524
00303597 00152206 000366304 00101207
00304154 00143569 000364725 00108861
00304696 00135051 000363188 00116803
00305226 00126695 00036169 00125062
00305744 00118515 00036023 00133659
00306251 00110522 000358805 00142614
00306747 00102728 000357414 00151947
00307232 00095079 000356054 00161804
00307708 000876657 000354724 00172087
00308175 000805038 000353424 00182957
00308634 000736073 00035215 00194463
00309084 000668749 000350903 00206658
00309527 000604502 000349681 00219735
00309962 000542059 000348483 00233748
0031039 000483211 000347308 00248903
000426353 000346154 0026541
Cu-6mm
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain
22396 150 101E+07 1007 316E-02
22412 150 947E+06 947 318E-02
22427 150 895E+06 895 321E-02
22443 150 851E+06 851 324E-02
22459 150 817E+06 817 326E-02
22475 150 792E+06 792 328E-02
22491 150 774E+06 774 330E-02
22506 150 762E+06 762 331E-02
22522 150 754E+06 754 333E-02
22538 150 747E+06 747 334E-02
22554 150 742E+06 742 335E-02
22569 150 737E+06 737 336E-02
22585 150 732E+06 732 337E-02
22601 150 727E+06 727 338E-02
22617 150 723E+06 723 338E-02
22633 150 718E+06 718 339E-02
22648 150 714E+06 714 340E-02
22664 150 709E+06 709 341E-02
22680 150 705E+06 705 342E-02
22696 150 702E+06 702 342E-02
22712 150 698E+06 698 343E-02
22727 150 695E+06 695 343E-02
22743 150 691E+06 691 344E-02
22759 150 688E+06 688 345E-02
22775 150 685E+06 685 345E-02
22791 150 682E+06 682 346E-02
22806 150 680E+06 680 346E-02
22822 150 677E+06 677 347E-02
22838 150 675E+06 675 348E-02
22854 150 672E+06 672 348E-02
22869 150 670E+06 670 349E-02
22885 150 668E+06 668 349E-02
22901 150 666E+06 666 350E-02
22917 150 664E+06 664 350E-02
22933 150 662E+06 662 351E-02
22948 150 660E+06 660 351E-02
22964 150 658E+06 658 351E-02
22980 150 656E+06 656 352E-02
23040 145 -292E+06 -292 352E-02
23100 140 -120E+07 -1200 351E-02
23160 135 -175E+07 -1748 348E-02
23220 130 -197E+07 -1971 344E-02
23280 125 -209E+07 -2088 339E-02
23340 120 -215E+07 -2147 333E-02
23400 115 -217E+07 -2169 327E-02
23460 110 -214E+07 -2136 319E-02
23520 105 -209E+07 -2088 311E-02
23580 100 -206E+07 -2055 302E-02
23640 95 -204E+07 -2037 293E-02
23700 90 -203E+07 -2033 284E-02
23760 85 -204E+07 -2044 274E-02
23820 80 -207E+07 -2068 264E-02
23880 75 -210E+07 -2103 254E-02
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 244E-02
24000 65 -219E+07 -2188 233E-02
24060 60 -224E+07 -2239 223E-02
24120 55 -230E+07 -2295 213E-02
24180 50 -235E+07 -2355 203E-02
24240 45 -242E+07 -2419 193E-02
24300 40 -249E+07 -2485 183E-02
24360 35 -255E+07 -2555 173E-02
24420 30 -263E+07 -2628 163E-02
24480 25 -270E+07 -2704 154E-02
24540 20 -278E+07 -2785 144E-02
24600 15 -288E+07 -2882 135E-02
24660 10 -298E+07 -2985 126E-02
24720 5 -309E+07 -3094 118E-02
24780 0 -321E+07 -3210 109E-02
24840 -5 -333E+07 -3335 101E-02
24900 -10 -347E+07 -3469 930E-03
24960 -15 -361E+07 -3613 853E-03
25020 -20 -377E+07 -3770 780E-03
25080 -25 -393E+07 -3932 708E-03
25140 -30 -411E+07 -4111 639E-03
25200 -35 -431E+07 -4310 574E-03
25260 -40 -452E+07 -4517 511E-03
25276 -40 -442E+07 -4419 507E-03
25292 -40 -437E+07 -4373 503E-03
25307 -40 -433E+07 -4330 498E-03
25323 -40 -429E+07 -4289 494E-03
25339 -40 -425E+07 -4253 490E-03
25355 -40 -422E+07 -4220 486E-03
25371 -40 -419E+07 -4190 483E-03
25386 -40 -416E+07 -4162 480E-03
25402 -40 -414E+07 -4136 477E-03
25418 -40 -411E+07 -4113 474E-03
25434 -40 -409E+07 -4090 471E-03
25449 -40 -407E+07 -4069 468E-03
25465 -40 -405E+07 -4049 466E-03
25481 -40 -403E+07 -4030 463E-03
25497 -40 -401E+07 -4012 461E-03
25513 -40 -400E+07 -3995 459E-03
25528 -40 -398E+07 -3979 457E-03
25544 -40 -396E+07 -3963 454E-03
25560 -40 -395E+07 -3949 452E-03
25576 -40 -393E+07 -3934 450E-03
25592 -40 -392E+07 -3920 449E-03
25607 -40 -391E+07 -3907 447E-03
25623 -40 -389E+07 -3894 445E-03
25639 -40 -388E+07 -3882 443E-03
25655 -40 -387E+07 -3870 442E-03
25671 -40 -386E+07 -3858 440E-03
25686 -40 -385E+07 -3847 438E-03
25702 -40 -384E+07 -3836 437E-03
25718 -40 -383E+07 -3826 435E-03
25734 -40 -382E+07 -3816 434E-03
25749 -40 -381E+07 -3806 432E-03
25765 -40 -380E+07 -3796 431E-03
25781 -40 -379E+07 -3786 429E-03
25797 -40 -378E+07 -3777 428E-03
25813 -40 -377E+07 -3768 427E-03
25828 -40 -376E+07 -3760 425E-03
25844 -40 -375E+07 -3751 424E-03
25860 -40 -374E+07 -3743 423E-03
25920 -35 -282E+07 -2819 422E-03
25980 -30 -190E+07 -1897 422E-03
26040 -25 -979E+06 -979 422E-03
26100 -20 -735253 -074 422E-03
26160 -15 809E+06 809 423E-03
26220 -10 167E+07 1670 426E-03
26280 -5 249E+07 2487 435E-03
26340 0 325E+07 3254 448E-03
26400 5 393E+07 3933 465E-03
26460 10 446E+07 4463 486E-03
26520 15 482E+07 4823 511E-03
26580 20 502E+07 5023 541E-03
26640 25 508E+07 5081 574E-03
26700 30 502E+07 5023 611E-03
26760 35 485E+07 4847 654E-03
26820 40 462E+07 4617 700E-03
26880 45 437E+07 4374 752E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4124 809E-03
27000 55 387E+07 3870 871E-03
27060 60 362E+07 3617 938E-03
27120 65 336E+07 3359 101E-02
27180 70 310E+07 3104 109E-02
27240 75 285E+07 2853 117E-02
27300 80 261E+07 2615 125E-02
27360 85 239E+07 2390 134E-02
27420 90 218E+07 2181 144E-02
27480 95 199E+07 1994 153E-02
27540 100 183E+07 1832 164E-02
27600 105 170E+07 1696 174E-02
27660 110 158E+07 1583 185E-02
27720 115 149E+07 1490 197E-02
27780 120 141E+07 1408 209E-02
27840 125 134E+07 1337 222E-02
27900 130 128E+07 1278 236E-02
27960 135 123E+07 1226 251E-02
28020 140 118E+07 1181 267E-02
28080 145 114E+07 1142 284E-02
28140 150 111E+07 1106 303E-02
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
AlSiC 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Material CTE Elastic Modulus (GPa)
Cu 17E-05 115
Alumina 680E-06 370
AlN 450E-06 330
CTE of DBC 0000008115
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Side (mm) Cu Al AlSiC
508 302 600 022
558 353 719 023
608 383 793 023
658 405 848 023
708 422 890 024
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB -558 Cu 352
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si3N4 063 0127 044
02 031
03 022
04 018
05 019
Al2O3 063 0127 016
02 017
03 020
04 026
05 033
AlN 063 0127 026
02 020
03 017
04 018
05 020
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 386
02 328
03 264
04 213
05 172
Al2O3 063 0127 181
02 154
03 124
04 099
05 079
AlN 063 0127 301
02 256
03 206
04 166
05 134
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 025 016
032 018
05 025
063 031
075 037
1 046
Al₂O₃ 025 023
032 021
05 018
063 017
075 017
1 016
AlN 025 016
032 016
05 018
063 020
075 022
1 026
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 025 150
032 194
05 283
063 328
075 360
1 403
Al₂O₃ 025 073
032 094
05 134
063 154
075 168
1 186
AlN 025 120
032 154
05 222
063 256
075 280
1 312
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 219 018 458
Standard 5 194 018 393
4 163 018 316
3 124 018 228
2 076 017 130
1 030 017 048
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) Z Stress (Pa) Z Stress (MPa) Z Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 987E+06 987 277E-02 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 924E+06 924 279E-02 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 870E+06 870 282E-02 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 827E+06 827 284E-02 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 793E+06 793 286E-02 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 770E+06 770 288E-02 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 754E+06 754 290E-02 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 743E+06 743 291E-02 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 735E+06 735 292E-02 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 730E+06 730 293E-02 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 724E+06 724 294E-02 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 719E+06 719 295E-02 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 714E+06 714 296E-02 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 710E+06 710 297E-02 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 705E+06 705 298E-02 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 700E+06 700 298E-02 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 696E+06 696 299E-02 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 692E+06 692 300E-02 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 688E+06 688 301E-02 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 685E+06 685 301E-02 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 681E+06 681 302E-02 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 678E+06 678 302E-02 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 675E+06 675 303E-02 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 672E+06 672 304E-02 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 669E+06 669 304E-02 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 667E+06 667 305E-02 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 664E+06 664 305E-02 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 662E+06 662 306E-02 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 659E+06 659 306E-02 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 657E+06 657 307E-02 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 655E+06 655 307E-02 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 653E+06 653 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 651E+06 651 308E-02 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 649E+06 649 309E-02 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 647E+06 647 309E-02 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 645E+06 645 310E-02 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 644E+06 644 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 642E+06 642 310E-02 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -252E+06 -252 310E-02 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 -112E+07 -1124 309E-02 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 -168E+07 -1685 307E-02 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 -194E+07 -1936 303E-02 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 -206E+07 -2059 299E-02 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 -213E+07 -2126 293E-02 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 -215E+07 -2153 288E-02 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 -213E+07 -2127 281E-02 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 -210E+07 -2101 274E-02 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 -208E+07 -2082 266E-02 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 -207E+07 -2066 258E-02 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 -206E+07 -2060 250E-02 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 -206E+07 -2062 242E-02 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 -208E+07 -2078 233E-02 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 -211E+07 -2106 224E-02 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 -214E+07 -2143 215E-02 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 -219E+07 -2187 206E-02 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 -224E+07 -2237 197E-02 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 -229E+07 -2293 188E-02 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 -235E+07 -2354 179E-02 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 -242E+07 -2420 170E-02 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 -249E+07 -2489 161E-02 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 -256E+07 -2560 152E-02 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 -264E+07 -2635 144E-02 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 -271E+07 -2714 135E-02 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 -280E+07 -2802 127E-02 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 -290E+07 -2899 119E-02 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 -300E+07 -3002 111E-02 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 -311E+07 -3113 103E-02 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 -323E+07 -3227 951E-03 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 -335E+07 -3351 877E-03 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 -349E+07 -3488 805E-03 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 -364E+07 -3638 736E-03 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 -379E+07 -3793 669E-03 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 -397E+07 -3966 605E-03 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 -415E+07 -4146 542E-03 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 -435E+07 -4348 483E-03 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 -456E+07 -4560 426E-03 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 -446E+07 -4463 423E-03 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 -442E+07 -4416 419E-03 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 -437E+07 -4373 415E-03 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 -433E+07 -4334 411E-03 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 -430E+07 -4297 407E-03 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 -426E+07 -4265 404E-03 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 -423E+07 -4235 401E-03 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 -421E+07 -4208 398E-03 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 -418E+07 -4182 395E-03 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 -416E+07 -4158 392E-03 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 -414E+07 -4136 390E-03 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 -411E+07 -4115 387E-03 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 -409E+07 -4095 385E-03 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 -408E+07 -4076 383E-03 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 -406E+07 -4058 381E-03 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 -404E+07 -4041 379E-03 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 -402E+07 -4025 377E-03 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 -401E+07 -4009 375E-03 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 -399E+07 -3994 373E-03 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 -398E+07 -3979 371E-03 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 -397E+07 -3966 370E-03 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 -395E+07 -3952 368E-03 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 -394E+07 -3939 366E-03 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 -393E+07 -3927 365E-03 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 -391E+07 -3915 363E-03 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 -390E+07 -3903 362E-03 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 -389E+07 -3892 360E-03 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 -388E+07 -3881 359E-03 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 -387E+07 -3870 357E-03 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 -386E+07 -3860 356E-03 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 -385E+07 -3850 355E-03 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 -384E+07 -3840 353E-03 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 -383E+07 -3831 352E-03 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 -382E+07 -3822 351E-03 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 -381E+07 -3813 350E-03 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 -380E+07 -3804 348E-03 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 -380E+07 -3795 347E-03 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 -379E+07 -3787 346E-03 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 -290E+07 -2899 346E-03 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 -201E+07 -2014 346E-03 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 -113E+07 -1135 346E-03 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 -268E+06 -268 346E-03 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 578E+06 578 346E-03 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 140E+07 1402 349E-03 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 219E+07 2191 357E-03 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 293E+07 2933 369E-03 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 360E+07 3604 384E-03 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 415E+07 4154 402E-03 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 456E+07 4556 425E-03 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 481E+07 4809 452E-03 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 492E+07 4922 482E-03 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 491E+07 4913 516E-03 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 478E+07 4777 555E-03 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 458E+07 4577 597E-03 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 435E+07 4354 643E-03 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 412E+07 4120 694E-03 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 389E+07 3887 748E-03 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 365E+07 3648 808E-03 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 341E+07 3409 871E-03 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 316E+07 3161 940E-03 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 292E+07 2915 101E-02 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 267E+07 2675 109E-02 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 245E+07 2450 117E-02 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 224E+07 2241 125E-02 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 205E+07 2047 134E-02 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 187E+07 1875 143E-02 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 173E+07 1726 152E-02 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 160E+07 1596 162E-02 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 149E+07 1491 172E-02 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 141E+07 1405 183E-02 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 133E+07 1332 194E-02 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 127E+07 1271 207E-02 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 122E+07 1216 220E-02 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 117E+07 1168 234E-02 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 113E+07 1126 249E-02 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 109E+07 1088 265E-02 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03
Baseplate Substrate Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si₃N₄ 194
AlN 154
Al₂O₃ 094
AlSiC Si₃N₄ 0179
AlN 0161
Al₂O₃ 0208
Al Si₃N₄ 393
AlN 341
Al₂O₃ 258
Cu baseplate (5mm) with AlN ceramic thickness as 032mm - 105 MPa
Copper Copper Copper
AlSiC AlSiC AlSiC
Al Al Al
Substrate Dimensions (mm) Elastic Modulus (GPa) Poissons Ratio CTE (ppmdegC) Remarks
Si3N4 2322 300 028 28 KyoceraRogers
AlN 330 024 45 Accuratus
Al2O3 360 021 72 Kyocera
CTE (ppm degC)
Material -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Copper (Cu) 158 16 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 178 18 182
Aluminum (Al) 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243
Aluminum Silicon Carbide (AlSiC) 684 704 724 744 764 784 804 824 844 864 884 904 924
Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄) 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28
Aluminum Nitride (AlN) 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃) 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82
SAC305 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216 216
Baseplate Side (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa) - WB
508 302
558 353 352
608 383
658 405
708
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Substrate Metallization Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 063 0127 588
02 503
03 409
04 334
05 274
Al2O3 063 0127 202
02 170
03 136
04 109
05 088
AlN 063 0127 462
02 396
03 323
04 264
05 217
Cu baseplate and 0127 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 30576478 Pa
Cu baseplate and 02 bottom metallization (without substrate ceramic and top metallization) - 3081628 Pa
Baseplate Substrate Substrate Thickness (mm) Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Copper Si3N4 025 235
032 302
05 435
063 503
075 551
1 617
Al2O3 025 077
032 100
05 146
063 170
075 187
1 212
AlN 025 189
032 242
05 344
063 396
075 432
1 482
Metallization thickness is 02 mm
All simulations in this tab did not account for solder meniscus at the edges All simulations in the table are done with an APDL script
Strain Energy DensityCycle (MPa)
Baseplate Thickness (mm) Copper AlSiC Al
6 340 023 697
Standard 5 302 022 600
4 254 022 486
3 195 021 354
2 122 020 208
1 051 019 084
5 mm Cu baseplate check (model from Workbech) - 3064402 Pa this result matches well with F7
Copper AlSiC
Time (s) Temperature (degC) XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain XZ Stress (Pa) XZ Stress (MPa) XZ Strain
22396 150 -352E+06 -352 -0215523 -177E+06 -177 -312E-03
22412 150 -346E+06 -346 -0216828 -184E+06 -184 -324E-03
22427 150 -336E+06 -336 -0217984 -183E+06 -183 -334E-03
22443 150 -324E+06 -324 -0218968 -182E+06 -182 -343E-03
22459 150 -312E+06 -312 -0219805 -181E+06 -181 -351E-03
22475 150 -302E+06 -302 -0220532 -179E+06 -179 -359E-03
22491 150 -294E+06 -294 -0221183 -177E+06 -177 -366E-03
22506 150 -288E+06 -288 -0221777 -174E+06 -174 -372E-03
22522 150 -282E+06 -282 -0222326 -172E+06 -172 -379E-03
22538 150 -277E+06 -277 -0222839 -170E+06 -170 -385E-03
22554 150 -273E+06 -273 -0223321 -168E+06 -168 -390E-03
22569 150 -269E+06 -269 -0223776 -167E+06 -167 -395E-03
22585 150 -265E+06 -265 -0224206 -165E+06 -165 -400E-03
22601 150 -261E+06 -261 -0224615 -163E+06 -163 -405E-03
22617 150 -258E+06 -258 -0225005 -161E+06 -161 -410E-03
22633 150 -255E+06 -255 -0225378 -160E+06 -160 -414E-03
22648 150 -252E+06 -252 -0225735 -158E+06 -158 -418E-03
22664 150 -249E+06 -249 -0226077 -157E+06 -157 -422E-03
22680 150 -247E+06 -247 -0226406 -155E+06 -155 -426E-03
22696 150 -244E+06 -244 -0226724 -154E+06 -154 -430E-03
22712 150 -242E+06 -242 -022703 -153E+06 -153 -434E-03
22727 150 -240E+06 -240 -0227326 -152E+06 -152 -437E-03
22743 150 -238E+06 -238 -0227612 -150E+06 -150 -441E-03
22759 150 -236E+06 -236 -022789 -149E+06 -149 -444E-03
22775 150 -234E+06 -234 -0228159 -148E+06 -148 -447E-03
22791 150 -232E+06 -232 -022842 -147E+06 -147 -450E-03
22806 150 -230E+06 -230 -0228674 -146E+06 -146 -454E-03
22822 150 -228E+06 -228 -0228921 -145E+06 -145 -457E-03
22838 150 -227E+06 -227 -0229161 -144E+06 -144 -460E-03
22854 150 -225E+06 -225 -0229396 -143E+06 -143 -462E-03
22869 150 -224E+06 -224 -0229624 -142E+06 -142 -465E-03
22885 150 -222E+06 -222 -0229847 -141E+06 -141 -468E-03
22901 150 -221E+06 -221 -0230065 -141E+06 -141 -471E-03
22917 150 -220E+06 -220 -0230278 -140E+06 -140 -473E-03
22933 150 -218E+06 -218 -0230486 -139E+06 -139 -476E-03
22948 150 -217E+06 -217 -023069 -138E+06 -138 -478E-03
22964 150 -216E+06 -216 -0230889 -137E+06 -137 -481E-03
22980 150 -214E+06 -214 -0231085 -137E+06 -137 -483E-03
23040 145 -431089 -043 -0231096 -166E+06 -166 -500E-03
23100 140 120E+06 120 -0230858 -173E+06 -173 -522E-03
23160 135 211E+06 211 -0230046 -158E+06 -158 -542E-03
23220 130 267E+06 267 -0228708 -134E+06 -134 -558E-03
23280 125 307E+06 307 -0226937 -107E+06 -107 -569E-03
23340 120 340E+06 340 -0224816 -810108 -081 -578E-03
23400 115 370E+06 370 -0222409 -569876 -057 -584E-03
23460 110 397E+06 397 -0219764 -357615 -036 -587E-03
23520 105 428E+06 428 -0216787 -174872 -017 -588E-03
23580 100 452E+06 452 -0213695 -207578 -002 -588E-03
23640 95 479E+06 479 -0210428 106625 011 -586E-03
23700 90 504E+06 504 -0207082 209401 021 -584E-03
23760 85 532E+06 532 -0203609 289320 029 -581E-03
23820 80 559E+06 559 -0200078 347830 035 -578E-03
23880 75 587E+06 587 -0196496 386065 039 -575E-03
23940 70 617E+06 617 -0192869 404792 040 -572E-03
24000 65 648E+06 648 -0189204 404237 040 -569E-03
24060 60 680E+06 680 -0185511 384345 038 -566E-03
24120 55 714E+06 714 -0181804 344907 034 -564E-03
24180 50 749E+06 749 -0178096 285497 029 -562E-03
24240 45 785E+06 785 -0174403 205332 021 -561E-03
24300 40 823E+06 823 -017074 103468 010 -560E-03
24360 35 863E+06 863 -0167122 -210207 -002 -560E-03
24420 30 904E+06 904 -0163563 -169178 -017 -561E-03
24480 25 947E+06 947 -0160075 -342323 -034 -562E-03
24540 20 992E+06 992 -0156671 -541864 -054 -564E-03
24600 15 104E+07 1039 -0153362 -769125 -077 -566E-03
24660 10 109E+07 1088 -0150159 -103E+06 -103 -569E-03
24720 5 114E+07 1139 -0147073 -131E+06 -131 -573E-03
24780 0 119E+07 1193 -0144111 -163E+06 -163 -577E-03
24840 -5 125E+07 1249 -0141284 -199E+06 -199 -582E-03
24900 -10 131E+07 1308 -0138599 -238E+06 -238 -588E-03
24960 -15 137E+07 1370 -0136062 -280E+06 -280 -594E-03
25020 -20 143E+07 1435 -0133679 -327E+06 -327 -600E-03
25080 -25 150E+07 1502 -0131452 -378E+06 -378 -607E-03
25140 -30 157E+07 1573 -0129385 -434E+06 -434 -615E-03
25200 -35 165E+07 1648 -0127477 -494E+06 -494 -623E-03
25260 -40 173E+07 1726 -0125725 -560E+06 -560 -631E-03
25276 -40 166E+07 1661 -0125472 -529E+06 -529 -633E-03
25292 -40 167E+07 1674 -0125206 -504E+06 -504 -634E-03
25307 -40 167E+07 1670 -0124958 -484E+06 -484 -635E-03
25323 -40 166E+07 1664 -0124728 -467E+06 -467 -636E-03
25339 -40 166E+07 1659 -0124512 -452E+06 -452 -636E-03
25355 -40 165E+07 1654 -0124309 -438E+06 -438 -637E-03
25371 -40 165E+07 1650 -0124116 -427E+06 -427 -637E-03
25386 -40 165E+07 1645 -0123931 -416E+06 -416 -638E-03
25402 -40 164E+07 1641 -0123755 -406E+06 -406 -638E-03
25418 -40 164E+07 1637 -0123585 -397E+06 -397 -639E-03
25434 -40 163E+07 1633 -0123421 -388E+06 -388 -639E-03
25449 -40 163E+07 1629 -0123263 -381E+06 -381 -639E-03
25465 -40 163E+07 1625 -0123109 -373E+06 -373 -639E-03
25481 -40 162E+07 1622 -0122961 -366E+06 -366 -640E-03
25497 -40 162E+07 1618 -0122816 -360E+06 -360 -640E-03
25513 -40 161E+07 1615 -0122676 -354E+06 -354 -640E-03
25528 -40 161E+07 1611 -0122539 -348E+06 -348 -640E-03
25544 -40 161E+07 1608 -0122406 -342E+06 -342 -641E-03
25560 -40 160E+07 1604 -0122275 -337E+06 -337 -641E-03
25576 -40 160E+07 1601 -0122148 -332E+06 -332 -641E-03
25592 -40 160E+07 1598 -0122023 -327E+06 -327 -641E-03
25607 -40 160E+07 1595 -0121901 -323E+06 -323 -641E-03
25623 -40 159E+07 1592 -0121782 -318E+06 -318 -641E-03
25639 -40 159E+07 1589 -0121665 -314E+06 -314 -642E-03
25655 -40 159E+07 1586 -012155 -310E+06 -310 -642E-03
25671 -40 158E+07 1583 -0121437 -306E+06 -306 -642E-03
25686 -40 158E+07 1581 -0121326 -302E+06 -302 -642E-03
25702 -40 158E+07 1578 -0121217 -298E+06 -298 -642E-03
25718 -40 158E+07 1575 -012111 -295E+06 -295 -642E-03
25734 -40 157E+07 1573 -0121005 -291E+06 -291 -642E-03
25749 -40 157E+07 1570 -0120901 -288E+06 -288 -642E-03
25765 -40 157E+07 1567 -0120799 -285E+06 -285 -642E-03
25781 -40 156E+07 1565 -0120699 -281E+06 -281 -643E-03
25797 -40 156E+07 1562 -01206 -278E+06 -278 -643E-03
25813 -40 156E+07 1560 -0120502 -275E+06 -275 -643E-03
25828 -40 156E+07 1558 -0120406 -272E+06 -272 -643E-03
25844 -40 156E+07 1555 -0120311 -270E+06 -270 -643E-03
25860 -40 155E+07 1553 -0120218 -267E+06 -267 -643E-03
25920 -35 137E+07 1369 -0120098 -456279 -046 -643E-03
25980 -30 119E+07 1190 -0120046 166E+06 166 -643E-03
26040 -25 101E+07 1011 -0120016 371E+06 371 -643E-03
26100 -20 825E+06 825 -0119993 565E+06 565 -641E-03
26160 -15 633E+06 633 -011997 739E+06 739 -634E-03
26220 -10 432E+06 432 -0119945 882E+06 882 -617E-03
26280 -5 225E+06 225 -0119931 980E+06 980 -586E-03
26340 0 196274 020 -0119958 102E+07 1016 -542E-03
26400 5 -170E+06 -170 -0120062 101E+07 1010 -489E-03
26460 10 -336E+06 -336 -0120281 979E+06 979 -432E-03
26520 15 -474E+06 -474 -0120653 933E+06 933 -377E-03
26580 20 -579E+06 -579 -0121212 879E+06 879 -325E-03
26640 25 -648E+06 -648 -0121978 823E+06 823 -276E-03
26700 30 -684E+06 -684 -0122956 765E+06 765 -231E-03
26760 35 -693E+06 -693 -0124137 707E+06 707 -189E-03
26820 40 -686E+06 -686 -0125506 648E+06 648 -150E-03
26880 45 -671E+06 -671 -0127054 590E+06 590 -115E-03
26940 50 -655E+06 -655 -0128785 532E+06 532 -827E-04
27000 55 -640E+06 -640 -0130708 475E+06 475 -536E-04
27060 60 -626E+06 -626 -013284 418E+06 418 -275E-04
27120 65 -612E+06 -612 -013519 363E+06 363 -435E-05
27180 70 -604E+06 -604 -0137897 308E+06 308 159E-04
27240 75 -584E+06 -584 -0140753 255E+06 255 333E-04
27300 80 -571E+06 -571 -0143885 204E+06 204 479E-04
27360 85 -554E+06 -554 -0147246 155E+06 155 594E-04
27420 90 -537E+06 -537 -0150812 108E+06 108 678E-04
27480 95 -520E+06 -520 -0154576 640856 064 728E-04
27540 100 -503E+06 -503 -0158545 235856 024 741E-04
27600 105 -486E+06 -486 -0162729 -132663 -013 716E-04
27660 110 -471E+06 -471 -0167139 -461953 -046 648E-04
27720 115 -456E+06 -456 -0171788 -750213 -075 534E-04
27780 120 -442E+06 -442 -0176691 -996774 -100 372E-04
27840 125 -428E+06 -428 -0181865 -120E+06 -120 159E-04
27900 130 -417E+06 -417 -0187438 -137E+06 -137 -107E-04
27960 135 -404E+06 -404 -0193251 -150E+06 -150 -429E-04
28020 140 -393E+06 -393 -0199455 -160E+06 -160 -808E-04
28080 145 -382E+06 -382 -020604 -167E+06 -167 -125E-03
28140 150 -372E+06 -372 -0212998 -172E+06 -172 -175E-03