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Parallels ® Virtual Machine Guide Copyright © 1999-2008 Parallels Software International Inc.

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Parallels® Virtual Machine Guide

Copyright © 1999-2008 Parallels Software International Inc.

Copyright © 1999-2008 by Parallels Software International, Inc. All rights reserved. Parallels, Coherence, Parallels Transporter, Parallels Compressor, Parallels Desktop, and Parallels Explorer are registered trademarks of Parallels Software International, Inc. The Parallels logo is a trademark of Parallels Software International, Inc. This product is based on a technology that is the subject matter of a number of patent pending applications. Distribution of this work or derivative of this work in any form is prohibited unless prior written permission is obtained from the copyright holder. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Server, Windows NT, Windows Vista, and MS-DOS are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds.

demarks of Apple Inc. Apple, Bonjour, Finder, Mac, Macintosh and Mac OS are traSolaris is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. eComStation is a trademark of Serenity Systems International. FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation. Intel and Intel Core are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation.

l Business Machines Corporation. OS/2 Warp is a registered trademark of InternationaVMware is a registered trademark of VMware, Inc.

l other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective owners. Al

3

Contents

Introduction 6 About Parallels Server ..................................................................................................................................7 Parallels Server Components ........................................................................................................................8 About This Guide .........................................................................................................................................8

Documentation Conventions .............................................................................................................9 Getting Help ...............................................................................................................................................10 Feedback.....................................................................................................................................................11

Virtual Machine Specifications 12 Virtual Machine Files .................................................................................................................................12 Supported Guest Operating Systems ..........................................................................................................14

Starting Parallels Management Console 15 Welcome Window ......................................................................................................................................16

Connecting to a Server 17 Adding a New Server..................................................................................................................................17 Activating Parallels Server .........................................................................................................................19 Connecting to a Registered Server..............................................................................................................20 Disconnecting From a Server......................................................................................................................21

Adding a Virtual Machine 22 Creating a New Virtual Machine ................................................................................................................22

Express Windows Installation Mode ...............................................................................................23 Typical Installation Mode................................................................................................................28 Custom Installation Mode ...............................................................................................................30

Installing Guest Operating System .............................................................................................................37 Installing Mac Guest OS X..............................................................................................................38

Adding an Existing Virtual Machine ..........................................................................................................38

Managing Virtual Machines 41 Cloning a Virtual Machine .........................................................................................................................41 Deleting and Removing Virtual Machine From List ..................................................................................43 Creating a Virtual Machine Template.........................................................................................................46 Deploying a Virtual Machine Template......................................................................................................48

Using Parallels Tools 50 Parallels Tools for Mac Guest OS X...........................................................................................................51

Installing Parallels Tools in Mac Guest OS X.................................................................................52 Updating Parallels Tools .................................................................................................................53 Removing Parallels Tools................................................................................................................53

Parallels Tools for Windows Guest OSes ...................................................................................................54 Installing Parallels Tools in Windows Guest OS.............................................................................56

Contents 4

Updating Parallels Tools .................................................................................................................57 Removing Parallels Tools................................................................................................................58

Parallels Tools in Linux Guest OS..............................................................................................................59 Installing Parallels Tools in Linux Guest OS ..................................................................................60 Updating Parallels Tools .................................................................................................................61

Editing Parallels Tools Settings ..................................................................................................................61

Running Virtual Machine 65 Starting, Stopping and Resetting Virtual Machine .....................................................................................65 Pausing and Suspending Virtual Machine ..................................................................................................67 Using Keyboard and Mouse .......................................................................................................................68 Switching View Modes...............................................................................................................................70 Freezing the Virtual Machine Screen Resolution .......................................................................................71 Using Shared Folders..................................................................................................................................72 Improving Virtual Machine Performance By Configuring Spotlight .........................................................73

Configuring Virtual Machines 74 Using the Virtual Machine Configuration Dialog.......................................................................................75

General Settings...............................................................................................................................76 Boot Settings ...................................................................................................................................77 Optimization Settings ......................................................................................................................79 Permissions Settings........................................................................................................................80 Startup and Shutdown Settings........................................................................................................81 Services Settings..............................................................................................................................83 Shared Folders Settings ...................................................................................................................85 CPU Settings ...................................................................................................................................87 Memory Settings .............................................................................................................................88 Video Settings .................................................................................................................................89 Floppy Disk Settings .......................................................................................................................91 Hard Disk Settings...........................................................................................................................92 CD/DVD-ROM Settings..................................................................................................................94 Network Adapter Settings ...............................................................................................................96 Parallel Port Settings .......................................................................................................................98 Serial Port Settings ........................................................................................................................100 Sound Settings ...............................................................................................................................102 Intel VT-d PCI Device Settings.....................................................................................................104

Adding and Removing Devices ................................................................................................................105 Add Hardware Assistant................................................................................................................105 Adding Hard Disk..........................................................................................................................107 Adding CD/DVD-ROM Drive ......................................................................................................109 Adding Floppy Disk Drive ............................................................................................................111 Adding Network Adapter ..............................................................................................................113 Adding Serial Port .........................................................................................................................115 Adding Parallel Port ......................................................................................................................117 Adding Intel VT-d PCI Device......................................................................................................118 Removing Devices.........................................................................................................................119

Using Intel VT-d PCI Devices in Parallels Virtual Machines ..................................................................120 Networking in Virtual Machine ................................................................................................................122

Shared Networking........................................................................................................................122 Bridged Networking ......................................................................................................................123 Host-Only Networking ..................................................................................................................123

Using Parallels Image Tool 124 Working with Parallels Image Tool..........................................................................................................125

Starting Parallels Server Image Tool.............................................................................................125

Contents 5

Increasing Virtual Hard Disk Size.................................................................................................125 Changing Virtual Hard Disk Type.................................................................................................127 Changing Virtual Hard Disk Format .............................................................................................129

Using the Added Space.............................................................................................................................132 Creating New Partition in Windows..............................................................................................132 Creating New Partition in Linux....................................................................................................133

Virtual Hard Disk Types...........................................................................................................................135

Using Parallels Explorer 136 Interface Basics.........................................................................................................................................137 Supported File Formats.............................................................................................................................139 Supported File Systems ............................................................................................................................140 Working with Parallels Server Explorer ...................................................................................................141

Viewing Virtual Machine Contents ...............................................................................................141 Changing View Modes ..................................................................................................................144 Managing Files and Folders in Virtual Machine ...........................................................................145 Using Parallels Server Mounter.....................................................................................................147

Usage Cases ..............................................................................................................................................149 Exchanging Data between Host Computer and Virtual Machine ..................................................149 Working with Virtual Machine Contents.......................................................................................150 Exchanging Data between Different Virtual Machines .................................................................151

Troubleshooting........................................................................................................................................152 Copying Data to Virtual Hard Disk ...............................................................................................152

Hot Key Combinations .............................................................................................................................153

Using Parallels Compressor 154 How Parallels Compressor Processes the Virtual Machine ......................................................................155 Guest OS System Requirements ...............................................................................................................156 Running Parallels Compressor..................................................................................................................156 Options of Parallels Compressor ..............................................................................................................158

Running Modes .............................................................................................................................159 Express and Advanced Modes.......................................................................................................164 Selecting Logical Disks .................................................................................................................165 Compression Levels ......................................................................................................................166

Compression in Automatic Mode .............................................................................................................167 Parallels Compressor Wizard....................................................................................................................169 Further Reducing the Disk........................................................................................................................175

Index 176

6

C H A P T E R 1

Introduction

Parallels Server is a cross-platform software that enables you to create virtual machines on computers with Intel® VT-x and AMD-V™ hardware virtualization support that have a Mac OS® X, Windows® , Linux® , or no primary operating system installed.

With Parallels Server, you can make these virtual machines accessible to other computers on the network, even to those that have different primary operating systems.

In This Chapter About Parallels Server .......................................................................................................... 7 Parallels Server Components ................................................................................................ 8 About This Guide.................................................................................................................. 8 Getting Help.......................................................................................................................... 10 Feedback ............................................................................................................................... 11

Introduction 7

About Parallels Server Parallels Server is a cross-platform software that enables you to efficiently use your physical computer's hardware resources by sharing them between multiple virtual machines created on this computer. Parallels Server can be installed on any Intel VT-x and AMD-V based Mac, PC, or bare-metal computer that complies with the system requirements.

With Parallels Server, you can create virtual machines on a computer with a Mac OS X, Windows, or Linux primary OS installed and make them accessible to other computers on the network. Parallels Management Console included in the Parallels Server package enables you to control virtual machines both locally and remotely. You can install Parallels Server on a physical server and then create, run and configure virtual machines using Parallels Management Console, Parallels Command Line Tool, or other client application installed on the same computer or other computer on the network. You can also create your own applications using the Parallels SDK package that is installed together with Parallels Server.

Parallels Server enables you to

Create multiple virtual machines with different operating systems on a single physical computer.

Work in two or more operating systems simultaneously on the same computer desktop. Optimize the physical server resources usage. Simplify virtual machines provision by creating virtual machine templates that can be

deployed to multiple virtual machines. Use a variety of tools to manage Parallels Server and its virtual machines. Manage several servers at a time using Parallels Management Console. Remotely access the virtual machine's graphical console.

Introduction 8

Parallels Server Components Parallels Server comprises three major components that are fully cross-platform and can be installed on any computer that has Mac OS, Windows, or Linux operating system.

Parallels Server. Server application that enables you to create and run Parallels virtual machines.

Parallels Management Console. Client application that is used to manage Parallels Server and its virtual machines.

Parallels Server SDK. Software Development Kit that enables you to manage Parallels Server and its virtual machines without using any client applications.

Parallels Server also includes several utilities that can help you work with your virtual machines:

Parallels Command Line Tool. Utility that enables you to manage Parallels Server and its virtual machines right from the command line of your computer.

Parallels Transporter. Application that enables you to migrate physical computers and disks into Parallels Server virtual machines.

Parallels Server Image Tool. Utility that enables you to change the format and properties of hard disks used by Parallels virtual machines.

Note: In this version, the Image Tool utility is available only for computers with Mac OS X. It is installed together with Parallels Server.

Parallels Server Explorer. Utility that enables you to view and manage the contents of Parallels virtual machines and their hard disks without even starting them.

Note: In this version, the Explorer utility is available only for computers with Mac OS X. It is installed together with Parallels Server.

Parallels Server Mounter. Utility that enables you to mount Parallels virtual hard disks in Mac OS Finder.

Note: In this version, the Mounter utility is available only for computers with Mac OS X. It is installed together with Parallels Server.

Parallels Compressor. Utility that enables you to reduce the size of virtual hard disks used by Parallels virtual machines.

Note: The Compressor utility is available for virtual machines with Windows guest operating systems only.

About This Guide This Guide is aimed at a wide range of users who want to use Parallels Transporter to migrate information from other physical computers and third-party virtual machines. The Guide provides both high-level concept descriptions and detailed step-by-step instructions to help you learn the product quickly and easily.

Introduction 9

Documentation Conventions Before you start using this guide, it is important to understand the documentation conventions used in it. For information on specialized terms used in the documentation, see the Glossary at the end of this document.

The table below presents the existing formatting conventions.

Formatting convention Type of Information Example Triangular Bullet( ) Step-by-step procedures. You

can follow the instructions below to complete a specific task.

To create a Container:

Items you must select, such as menu options, command buttons, or items in a list.

Go to the Resources tab. Special Bold Titles of chapters, sections, and

subsections. Read the Basic Administration chapter.

Italics Used to emphasize the importance of a point, to introduce a term or to designate a command line placeholder, which is to be replaced with a real name or value.

These are the so-called EZ templates.

To destroy a Container, type vzctl destroy ctid.

Monospace The names of commands, files, and directories.

Use vzctl start to start a Container.

Preformatted On-screen computer output in your command-line sessions; source code in XML, C++, or other programming languages.

Saved parameters for Container 101

Monospace Bold What you type, as contrasted with on-screen computer output.

# rpm –V virtuozzo-release

CAPITALS Names of keys on the keyboard.

SHIFT, CTRL, ALT

KEY+KEY Key combinations for which the user must press and hold down one key and then press another.

CTRL+P, ALT+F4

Besides the formatting conventions, you should also know about the document organization convention applied to Parallels documents: chapters in all guides are divided into sections, which, in turn, are subdivided into subsections. For example, About This Guide is a section, and Documentation Conventions is a subsection.

Introduction 10

Getting Help Parallels Server offers several options for accessing necessary information:

Parallels Server Help

In-product Parallels Server Help is available through the Help menu of the Parallels Management Console.

To open Parallels Server Help:

Choose Parallels Management Console Help from the Help menu. Press the F1 key on the keyboard to display the help page that corresponds to the currently

open assistant or window.

Parallels Server PDF Documentation

Parallels Server is supplied with a number of PDF guides available online or through the resources installed with Parallels Server.

Getting Started With Parallels Server. This guide contains basic information about Parallels Server, including its installation and usage.

Parallels Server Administration Guide. This document contains extensive information about managing Parallels Server and its virtual machines.

Parallels Virtual Machine Guide. This guide contains information about virtual machines used in Parallels Server.

Parallels Server Transporter Guide. This guide contains extensive information on using Parallels Server Transporter.

Parallels Server Explorer User Guide. This guide contains information on using Parallels Server Explorer utility.

Parallels Server Image Tool User Guide. This guide contains information on using Parallels Server Image Tool utility.

Parallels Server Reference Guide. This guide contains information on using Parallels Command Line Tool.

Parallels Server Programmer's Guide. This guide contains information on using Parallels Server SDK package.

Parallels Server Installation Guide for Bare Metal Computers. This guide provides information on installing Parallels Server components on bare-metal computers.

Parallels Server Installation Guide for Mac. This guide provides information on installing Parallels Server components on Mac.

Parallels Server Installation Guide for Windows. This guide provides information on installing Parallels Server components on Windows.

Parallels Server Installation Guide for Linux. This guide provides information on installing Parallels Server components on Linux.

All these PDF documents are available online at Parallels Server Documentation page http://www.parallels.com/en/support/server/documentation/.

Introduction 11

For PDF documents installed together with Parallels Server, browse the following folder:

On Mac OS X: /Library/Applications/Parallels/Parallels Management Console/Contents/Resources/English.lproj.

On 32-bit Windows: C:\Program Files\Parallels\Parallels Server\Documentation\.

On 64-bit Windows: C:\Program Files (x86)\Parallels\Parallels Server\Documentation\.

On Linux: /usr/share/parallels-server/docs/.

Parallels Website

Explore the Parallels Support page (http://www.parallels.com/en/support/) that includes product help files, the FAQ section, and the Knowledge Base.

Feedback If you spot a typo in this guide, or if you have thought of a way to make this guide better, we would love to hear from you!

The Parallels documentation forum is the ideal place for your comments and suggestions. It is regularly monitored by the members of the Parallels technical documentation department, so it is likely that you will receive a reply to your post before long.

Note that new users will be asked to fill in a short registration form before being able to post. Registering will allow you to participate not only in the documentation forum discussions, but in all the other Parallels forums as well.

12

C H A P T E R 2

Virtual Machine Specifications

Virtual machine, like any other computer, has hardware and operating system installed. The difference is that its hardware is virtual and is based on the hardware of the physical computer that hosts it.

On the host computer, the virtual machine appears as a folder with a set of files that represent the virtual machine hardware configuration and some of its devices.

In This Chapter Virtual Machine Files............................................................................................................ 12 Supported Guest Operating Systems..................................................................................... 14

Virtual Machine Files The virtual machine files created by New Virtual Machine Assistant (see page 22) are placed to the following folders by default:

On Mac OS X: /Users/Shared/Parallels/ On Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP: C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Documents\Parallels\

On Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008: C:\Users\Public\Public Documents\Parallels\

Virtual Machine Specifications 13

On Linux: /var/parallels/

A virtual machine has at least two files: a configuration file (PVS file) and a hard disk image file (HDD file). Generally, there may be more files: a file for each additional virtual hard disk and output files for virtual ports. As an exception, a virtual machine may have only one file - a configuration file - such a virtual machine can be started from a Live CD.

Hardware configuration for a virtual machine is defined in a special configuration file having the .pvs extension. It contains all the information about virtual devices used by the virtual machine and files connected to those devices.

A virtual machine may have the following files:

.pvs Virtual machine configuration file. It defines hardware and resources configuration of a virtual machine. Configuration file is generated when the virtual machine is created.

.sav File created when the virtual machine is suspended. It contains the state of the virtual machine and its applications for the moment the suspend was invoked.

.mem File containing memory dump for the suspended virtual machine. For a running virtual machine, it is a temporary virtual memory file.

.hdd A bundle of files that represents a virtual hard disk of a Parallels virtual machine. When you create a virtual machine, you can create it with a new virtual hard disk or use an existing one.

.iso Image file of a CD or DVD disc. Virtual machines treat ISO images as real CD/DVD discs.

.cue Image file of a CD or DVD disc. Virtual machines treat CUE images as real CD/DVD discs.

.ccd Image file of a CD or DVD disc. Virtual machines treat CCD images as real CD/DVD discs.

.fdd Floppy disk image file. Virtual machines treat FDD images as real diskettes.

If you install a Windows guest OS in the Express Windows installation mode (see page 23), Parallels Server creates the unattended.fdd file and places it to the virtual machine folder. The file is required for Windows Server 2003, Windows XP, or Windows Vista installation.

.txt Output files for serial and parallel ports. Output .txt files are generated when a serial or parallel port connected to an output file is added to virtual machine configuration.

Virtual Machine Specifications 14

Supported Guest Operating Systems

Parallels Server supports the following guest operating systems:

Windows Windows 2000 (x32) Windows Server® 2003 (x32, x64) Windows XP® (x32, x64) Windows Vista® (x32, x64) Windows Server 2008 (x32, x64)

Linux Red Hat® Enterprise Linux 5 (x32, x64) Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 (x32, x64) Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 (x32, x64) SUSE® Linux Enterprise Server 10 (x32, x64) SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 (x32, x64) Debian GNU/Linux 4.0 (x32, x64) Debian GNU/Linux 3.1 (x32, x64)

BSD FreeBSD 7 (x32, x64) FreeBSD 6 (x32, x64)

Mac OS X Mac OS X Server v10.5 Leopard

Note: Mac OS X guest operating systems can be installed only in virtual machines stored on Mac OS X host computers.

15

C H A P T E R 3

Starting Parallels Management Console

Parallels Management Console is a client application for Parallels Server that is used to manage the Parallels Server and its virtual machines. With Parallels Management Console, you can manage a number of servers at a time and control virtual machines stored on them.

To launch Parallels Management Console

On Mac OS X, open the /Applications/Parallels folder and launch the Parallels Management Console application.

On Windows, from the Start menu, choose All Programs > Parallels > Parallels Server > Parallels Management Console.

On Linux, start Terminal and enter the following command: pmc

In This Chapter Welcome Window................................................................................................................. 16

Starting Parallels Management Console 16

Welcome Window When you start Parallels Management Console for the first time, the Parallels Server Welcome window appears.

To connect to Parallel Server installed on the host computer, click Connect to Parallels Server.

To view Parallels Server Quick Start Guide, click View Getting Started Guide. To open Parallels web site in your default browser, click Visit Parallels Website.

17

C H A P T E R 4

Connecting to a Server

To work with Parallels Server and its virtual machines, you need to connect to this server.

To connect to a new server, choose Add Server from the Server menu. To connect to a server that is already registered in Parallels Management Console, select

this server in the sidebar and choose Connect from the Server menu.

If you are trying to connect to a new server, you need to specify the sever to connect and provide your login properties. To connect to a registered server, you may need to provide your user name and password.

In This Chapter Adding a New Server ............................................................................................................ 17 Activating Parallels Server.................................................................................................... 19 Connecting to a Registered Server ........................................................................................ 20 Disconnecting From a Server................................................................................................ 21

Adding a New Server With Parallels Management Console, you can work with virtual machines stored on different physical servers that have Parallels Server installed, by adding these computers to the registered servers list in Parallels Management Console.

To add a new Server

1 Launch Parallels Management Console and do one of the following:

Choose Add Server from the Server menu. Right-click the sidebar of the Parallels Management Console window and choose Add

Server from the shortcut menu.

2 This will open the Server Login dialog.

3 In the Server Login dialog, you need to specify the server you want to connect to and your user account properties.

Note: To be able to connect to Parallels Server, you should have an account on the computer that hosts this Parallels Server.

Server. In this field, you can type the computer's IP address or its network name. You can also choose the computer to connect to from the Server List available in the More Options area.

Connecting to a Server 18

By default, Parallels Server listens for connections on port 64000. If the listening port number differs from the default, type the number of the port right after the server's IP address. For example, if Parallels Server uses port 64001 for connections, type 127.0.0.1:64001 into the Server field.

User Name. In this field, type your user login for this server.

Password. In this field, type your password to access this server.

If you want Parallels Management Console to remember your login and password, select the Save Password option. With this option selected, you do not need to specify your user account properties each time you connect to this server.

4 You can expand the More Options area to see the list of the servers available on the current

network and specify additional settings.

Server List. This list contains computers that host Parallels Server found on the network. It displays the computer's network name, its IP address, and the type of primary OS installed in it.

Note: This list will be populated by those servers that currently appear on the network and can receive the broadcast message.

Connection Security. In this field, you can choose the security level for the connection between Parallels Management Console and Parallels Server installed on a remote computer. You can change the level later using the Server Settings dialog available through the Server menu > Edit Settings.

Connecting to a Server 19

Use Data Compression. If you select this option, the data sent between Parallels Management Console and Parallels Server will be compressed. If you use low-speed connections, select this option to improve the data transfer speed. You can change this setting later using the Server Settings dialog available through the Server menu > Edit Settings.

5 When you click Add Server, the selected server appears in the sidebar of the Parallels Management Console main window.

To connect to this server by default when you launch Parallels Management Console, edit the Login settings in the Server Settings dialog available from the Server > Edit Settings menu.

Activating Parallels Server When you connect to a server for the first time, you are required to activate Parallels Server you are trying to connect to.

Parallels Server that is not activated cannot be used to run virtual machines and install operating systems in them. Though, you can use this copy of Parallels Server to create new virtual machines and edit their configuration.

Note: Parallels Management Console doesn't require activation.

To activate the product

1 The activation dialog appears when you connect to the server that is not activated or try to start one of its virtual machines.

2 In the activation dialog, fill out the following fields:

Server. Select the name of the computer that hosts Parallels Server copy you want to activate.

Name. Type your name into this field (optional).

Organization. Type the name of your organization into this field (optional).

Product Key. Type the product key for your copy of Parallels Server into this field.

Connecting to a Server 20

When you are finished with filling out the fields, click OK.

With an activated copy of Parallels Server, you can fully use Parallels virtual machines and their applications.

Parallels Server should be activated only once. Other users that will connect to this server won't need to activate it again. All users that access this server will be able to run virtual machines hosted by this server.

Connecting to a Registered Server When you start Parallels Management Console, all registered servers appear as disconnected, except the server specified as the default server to connect.

Note: Only one server can be set as the default server to connect. To make a server the default server, edit the Login settings in the Server Settings dialog available through the Server menu.

To connect to a registered server

1 Launch Parallels Management Console and do one of the following:

In the sidebar, right-click the server you want to connect to and choose Connect from the shortcut menu, or

In the sidebar, select the server you want to connect to, and choose Connect from the Server menu.

Connecting to a Server 21

2 In the Server Login dialog, specify your user name and password for the server.

Note: To be able to connect to the selected server, you should have an account on the computer that hosts this server.

If you want Parallels Management Console to save your login and password for future instances, select the Save Password option. With this option selected, you do not need to specify your user account properties each time you connect to this server.

3 Click Connect to connect to the server.

If you haven't activated your copy of Parallels Server, the activation dialog will appear. To be able to work with Parallels virtual machines on this server, you should activate Parallels Server. For detailed information about activating Parallels Server, refer to Activating Parallels Server (see page 19).

Disconnecting From a Server If you consider that you don't need to use virtual machines stored on the server your Parallels Management Console is connected to, you can easily disconnect from this server.

To disconnect from a server

1 In the sidebar, select the server you want to disconnect from and do one of the following:

Choose Disconnect from the Server menu, or

Right-click the server icon and choose Disconnect from the shortcut menu, or

choose Disconnect from the Summary page.

2 The server icon in the Parallels Management Console sidebar will change its colour.

22

C H A P T E R 5

Adding a Virtual Machine

You can add new or existing virtual machines to your server. New Virtual Machine and Add Existing Virtual Machine assistants will guide you through the steps needed to add a virtual machine to your server.

In This Chapter Creating a New Virtual Machine .......................................................................................... 22 Installing Guest Operating System........................................................................................ 37 Adding an Existing Virtual Machine .................................................................................... 38

Creating a New Virtual Machine Generally, the process of creating a virtual machine comprises these steps:

1 Creating a virtual machine configuration. It's like building a real computer from hardware components. This step is performed by using New Virtual Machine Assistant. In Express Windows and Typical modes, Add Virtual Machine Assistant creates a virtual machine with configuration typical for the selected guest OS. If you do not want to create a virtual machine with typical configuration, choose the Custom mode. For more details about installation modes, see Typical Installation Mode (see page 28) and Custom Installation Mode (see page 30).

2 Installing a guest operating system. When you have configured the virtual machine's hardware, you need an operating system to control it. To install an operating system in your virtual machine, you should connect the installation CD/DVD disc or its image to the virtual machine's CD/DVD-ROM drive, as you do to install an operating system in a physical computer. For a list of the supported guest operating systems, refer to Supported Guest Operating Systems.

For Windows 2003, Windows XP, and Windows Vista virtual machines, the Add Virtual Machine Assistant provides Windows Express installation mode (see page 23) that automatically installs the guest OS in a newly created virtual machine.

Adding a Virtual Machine 23

3 Installing Parallels Tools in the guest OS. If you installed Windows 2000/2003/XP/Vista guest OS, Linux, or Mac OS X Leopard Server guest OS in the virtual machine, we advise you to install Parallels Tools in your virtual machine. For more information, refer to Using Parallels Tools (see page 50)

After completing these steps you may proceed with fine tuning of the virtual machine, such as setting up shared folders, adjusting screen resolution if needed, and installing applications.

By default, the Parallels virtual machine files are placed to the following folder:

on Mac OS X host: /Users/Shared/Parallels/<Virtual Machine Name>/ on Windows host:

C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Documents\Parallels\<Virtual Machine Name>\

on Windows Vista host: C:\Users\Public\Documents\Parallels\<Virtual Machine Name>\ on Linux host: /var/parallels/<Virtual Machine Name>

Express Windows Installation Mode This installation mode is available only for these guest operating systems: Windows 2003, Windows XP, and Windows Vista. New Virtual Machine Assistant not only creates a virtual machine configuration, but also automatically installs the guest OS in it. It is the easiest way to make a new virtual machine: you only need to insert a Windows 2003, Windows XP, or Windows Vista installation disc or specify the path to its image file, and Parallels Server will do the rest.

Note: After installing the operating system, it is recommended to install Parallels Tools. For details, see Using Parallels Tools (see page 50).

To install the guest OS in the Express Windows installation mode

1 Launch Parallels Management Console.

2 Select the server you want to host the new virtual machine. Make sure you are connected to this server.

Note: You must be connected to the server to be able to create virtual machines on this server. For more information on connecting to a server, see Connecting to Server (on page 17).

3 Start New Virtual Machine Assistant by

choosing New Virtual Machine from the File menu, or

clicking New Virtual Machine on the server Summary tab, or

right-clicking the server icon in the sidebar and choosing New Virtual Machine from the shortcut menu.

Adding a Virtual Machine 24

4 In the New Virtual Machine Assistant Introduction window, click Continue.

5 If there are several servers connected, in the Select Server window, select the server you want to host the virtual machine and click Continue.

6 In the Select Operating System Type and Version window, select the Windows Server 2003, Windows XP, or Windows Vista guest OS and click Continue.

7 in the Virtual Machine Type window, select the Express Windows option and click Continue.

Adding a Virtual Machine 25

8 In the Express Windows Installation window, specify your user details and the Windows product key necessary for the Windows guest OS installation. Click Continue.

Note: If you do not enter the Windows product key here, you will have to provide it later when the Windows guest OS installation starts.

9 In the Name and Location window, type the name of the virtual machine and specify the

folder for its files to be stored. You can use the Choose button to locate the folder.

By default, the virtual machine files will be placed to the following folder:

on Mac OS X host: /Users/Shared/Parallels/<Virtual Machine Name>/

on Windows host: C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Documents\Parallels\<Virtual Machine Name>\

on Linux host: /var/parallels/<Virtual Machine Name>

Adding a Virtual Machine 26

When finished, click Create.

10 When the virtual machine is created, in the Prepare to Install OS window, specify the source

of installation files and click Start. The installation source can be located both on the host and the remote computer. Select the installation source from the Placement list.

You can use the following types of installation media:

Real CD/DVD-ROM Drive. Select this option to use a disc inserted into the CD/DVD drive of the computer. Choose the drive to use from the Drive list.

CD/DVD Image. Select this option to use a CD/DVD disc image connected to the virtual machine's CD/DVD drive. Type the path to the file in the File field or use the Choose button to locate the file.

Adding a Virtual Machine 27

Note: If you want to install the operating system in the new virtual machine later, click Done to quit the assistant.

The assistant will automatically start the new virtual machine and install an operating system in it.

Adding a Virtual Machine 28

Typical Installation Mode Typical Installation mode enables you to create a new virtual machine with configuration that is typical for computers with the type of operating system you selected.

The configuration a virtual machine needs to successfully run the guest OS and its applications depends on the type of the guest OS that is planned to be installed in this virtual machine.

The following table provides basic hardware and resources configurations typical virtual machines have.

Guest Operating systems RAM,

MB

Video Memory, MB

Hard Disk, MB

Floppy Drive

CD/DVD drive

Network Adapter

Sound Device

Mac OS X 1024 16 64,000 * * *

Windows 2008* 512 16 64,000 * * * *

Windows Vista 512 16 64,000 * * * *

Windows XP 512 16 64,000 * * * *

Windows 2003 512 16 64,000 * * * *

Windows 2000 256 16 64,000 * * * *

Other Windows 256 16 64,000 * * * *

Red Hat Linux 512 3 64,000 * * * *

SUSE Linux 512 3 64,000 * * * *

Debian GNU/Linux 512 3 64,000 * * * *

Ubuntu Linux 512 3 64,000 * * * *

Other Linux 512 3 64,000 * * * *

FreeBSD 6.x 256 16 32,000 * * * *

FreeBSD 7.x 256 16 32,000 * * * *

Other FreeBSD 256 16 32,000 * * * *

Other Guest OSes 256 16 8,000 * * * *

* - Windows Server 2008 guest OS is supported experimentally.

For a list of the supported guest operating systems, refer to Supported Guest Operating Systems.

To create a typical virtual machine

Adding a Virtual Machine 29

1 Launch Parallels Management Console.

2 Select the server you want to host the new virtual machine. Make sure you are connected to this server.

Note: You must be connected to the server to be able to create virtual machines on this server.

3 Start New Virtual Machine Assistant by

choosing New Virtual Machine from the File menu, or

clicking New Virtual Machine on the server Summary tab, or

right-clicking the server icon in the sidebar and choosing New Virtual Machine from the shortcut menu.

4 In the New Virtual Machine Assistant Introduction window, click Continue.

5 In the Select Operating System Type and Version window, select the operating system planned to be installed in this virtual machine and click Continue.

6 In the Virtual Machine Type window, select Typical and click Continue.

7 In the Name and Location window, type the name of the virtual machine and specify the folder for its files to be stored. You can use the Choose button to locate the folder. By default, the virtual machine files will be placed to the following folder:

on Mac OS host: /Users/Shared/Parallels/<Virtual Machine Name>/

on Windows host: C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Documents\Parallels\ <Virtual Machine Name>\

on Windows Vista host: C:\Users\Public\Documents\Parallels\<Virtual Machine Name>\

on Linux host: /var/parallels/<Virtual Machine Name>

When finished, click Create.

8 When the virtual machine is created, in the Prepare to Install Operating System window, specify the source of installation files.

The installation source can be located both on the host and the remote computer. Select the installation source from the Placement list.

You can use the following types of installation media:

Real CD/DVD-ROM Drive. Select this option to use a disc inserted into the CD/DVD drive of the computer. Choose the drive to use from the Drive list.

CD/DVD Image. Select this option to use a CD/DVD disc image connected to the virtual machine's CD/DVD drive. Type the path to the file in the File field or use the Choose button to locate the file.

Adding a Virtual Machine 30

Note: If you want to install the operating system in the new virtual machine later, click Done to quit the assistant.

9 Click Start to start the newly created virtual machine and launch the guest operating system

installation.

Custom Installation Mode Custom Installation mode enables you to determine virtual machine configuration while you create it. You can set the RAM and hard disk drive capacity you want, connect the devices you like, and configure other options for the virtual machine.

To create a custom virtual machine

1 Launch Parallels Management Console.

2 In the sidebar of the Parallels Management Console window, select the server that will host the new virtual machine.

3 Start New Virtual Machine Assistant by

choosing New Virtual Machine from the File menu, or

clicking New Virtual Machine on the server Summary tab, or

right-clicking the active server icon and choosing New Virtual Machine from the shortcut menu.

Adding a Virtual Machine 31

4 In the New Virtual Machine Assistant Introduction window, click Continue.

5 If there are several servers connected, in the Select Server window, select the server you want to host the virtual machine and click Continue.

6 In the Select Operating System Type and Version window, select the type and version of guest OS you want to install in this virtual machine and click Continue.

7 In the Virtual Machine Type window, select Custom and click Continue.

8 In the CPU and Memory Options window, specify the number of CPU(s) and the amount of RAM for the virtual machine and click Continue. You may use the slider or arrow buttons to set the value or simply type it into the field.

Adding a Virtual Machine 32

9 In the Hard Disk Options window, select the type of virtual hard disk you want to use and click Continue. You can create a new hard disk image, use an existing one, or create a virtual machine without any hard disk at all.

If you have selected the No Virtual Hard Disk option, go to Step 11.

10 If you have chosen to create a new virtual hard disk, in the New Virtual Hard Disk window, specify the size and type for the disk and click Continue. For more information about hard disks types, refer to Support of Real and Virtual Disks.

If you have chosen to use an existing image file, in the Existing Virtual Hard Disk window, specify the hard disk image to be connected, its interface type and position. Click Continue.

11 In the Networking Type window, select the type of networking you want to use in the virtual machine and click Continue.

Shared Networking. If you select this option, the virtual machine will use the host computer's network connections and will be visible only for the host computer and other virtual machines registered on this server.

Bridged Networking. If you select this option, the virtual machine will be visible on the network as a separate computer. This option is selected by default.

Host-Only Networking. If you select this option, the virtual machine will access only the host computer and the virtual machines running on it.

No Networking. If you select this option, the virtual machine will have no network adapter.

Adding a Virtual Machine 33

Note: You may reconfigure the networking settings when the virtual machine is created.

If you selected Bridged Networking, in the Network Adapter window, select the network adapter to be used by the virtual machine.

Default Adapter. Select this option to use the adapter specified as default in the primary OS.

Parallels Shared Networking Adapter. Select this option to use Parallels Shared Networking adapter installed together with Parallels Server.

Parallels Host-Only Networking Adapter. Select this option to use Parallels Host-Only Networking adapter installed together with Parallels Server.

The host computer network adapters included in this list are also available for selecting.

12 In the Optimization Options window, select the optimization mode you prefer and click Continue. The available options are:

Virtual Machine (Recommended). Select this option to allocate more host computer resources to the virtual machine and its applications.

Adding a Virtual Machine 34

Host Computer. Select this option to allocate more resources to the host computer and its applications.

13 In the Name and Location window, type a name for the virtual machine and its files location

and click Create.

The default location for the virtual machine files is:

on Mac OS X host: /Users/Shared/Parallels/<Virtual Machine Name>/

on Windows host: C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Documents \Parallels\<Virtual Machine Name>\

on Linux host: /var/parallels/<Virtual Machine Name>

Adding a Virtual Machine 35

To specify another location, type it into the Location filed or click Choose.

14 When the virtual machine is created, in the Prepare to Install Operating System window,

specify the source of installation files.

The installation source can be located both on the host and the remote computer. Select the installation source from the Placement list.

You can use the following types of installation media:

Real CD/DVD-ROM Drive. Select this option to use a disc inserted into the CD/DVD drive of the computer. Choose the drive to use from the Drive list.

CD/DVD Image. Select this option to use a CD/DVD disc image connected to the virtual machine's CD/DVD drive. Type the path to the file in the File field or use the Choose button to locate the file.

Adding a Virtual Machine 36

Note: If you want to install the operating system in the new virtual machine later, click Done to quit the assistant.

Click Start to start the newly created virtual machine and launch the guest operating system installation.

Adding a Virtual Machine 37

Installing Guest Operating System When you create a new virtual machine, using the Add Virtual Machine Assistant in Typical (see page 28) and Custom (see page 30) modes, you create its hardware configuration only. To work with this virtual machine, you should install a guest operating system in it.

Guest operating system can be installed from any of these media:

Real CD or DVD disc. ISO, CUE, or CCD image of a CD/DVD disc. DMG image. PXE server resources.

You can use media stored both on the host and remote computers.

To connect CD/DVD discs or their images to the virtual machine

Start the virtual machine and right-click the CD/DVD-ROM icon in the status bar. Select the media to use from the shortcut menu.

Open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog by choosing Edit Configuration from the Virtual Machine menu, and specify the media to connect in the CD/DVD-ROM pane. Click OK to save the changes.

The media chosen will be used by the virtual machine as a disc inserted into its optical drive.

When you start the virtual machine, the guest OS installation will be launched automatically.

To connect CD/DVD images stored on a PXE server

1 Open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

2 In the Boot pane, set the Network adapter to be the first device in the boot sequence and click OK to save the changes.

3 Start the virtual machine and make sure it is connected to the network the required PXE server belongs to.

4 Select the necessary image from the list of CD/DVD images available on this PXE server and press Enter.

The guest OS installation will be launched from the file on this CD/DVD image.

Adding a Virtual Machine 38

Installing Mac Guest OS X

Installing Mac OS X Leopard

Once you have created a Mac OS X Leopard virtual machine and have specified the hardware settings for it, you need to install an operating system in it.

Note: According to the regulations of Apple EULA, Mac OS X Leopard virtual machines can be created on Mac OS X host computers only.

During the installation, when you are prompted to select the destination where to install the operating system, the window can contain no options. It means either that the virtual hard disk is of a different format (or is not formated at all) or that the virtual hard disk contains no partitions. To continue the installation, you should perform the virtual hard disk partitioning and formating.

To create a partition

1 From the Leopard Installer menu, choose Utilities -> Disk Utility.

2 Choose the virtual hard disk in the left sidebar and click the Partition tab.

3 In the Volume Scheme option, choose Partition One. 4 Specify the name and the format of the created partition.

5 Click Apply.

Now, the Select a Destination window should include the newly created partition that you can choose to continue the installation.

Adding an Existing Virtual Machine If you already have some virtual machines stored on your server, but they are missing from the sidebar of Parallels Management Console, you can easily add them using the Add Virtual Machine Assistant.

If you haven't activated Parallels Server, you still can add, create and configure virtual machines stored on the server. To be able to run them, you should activate Parallels Server. For more information, see Activating Parallels Server.

To add an existing virtual machine

1 Launch Parallels Management Console.

2 Select the server that will host the virtual machine. Make sure you are connected to this server.

Note: You must be connected to the server to be able to create virtual machines on this server. For more information on connecting to a server, see Connecting to Server (on page 17).

Adding a Virtual Machine 39

3 Start Add Virtual Machine Assistant by

choosing Add Existing from the File menu, or

clicking Add Existing on the server Summary tab, or

right-clicking the server icon in the sidebar and choosing Add Existing form the shortcut menu.

4 In the Introduction window, click Continue.

5 If there are several servers connected, in the Select Server window, select the server you want to host the virtual machine and click Continue.

6 Select the virtual machine you want to add. You can use one of these options:

Add the specified virtual machine. Select this option if you want to add a certain virtual machine. Type the path to the virtual machine configuration (PVS) file or use the Choose button to locate it.

Search for virtual machines in this folder. Select this option, if you want to search for all virtual machines available in a certain folder. Type the path to the folder or use the Choose button to locate it. To search the entire disk, leave the Start from field empty.

Note: The Search for virtual machines in this folder option enables you to add several virtual machines at a time.

If you selected the Add the specified virtual machine option, click Add. The assistant will add the virtual machine to the virtual machines list in Parallels Management Console.

If you selected the Search for virtual machines in this folder option, click Search to start the search.

Adding a Virtual Machine 40

7 If you selected the Add the specified virtual machine option, the virtual machine will be added. Click Done to exit the wizard.

If you selected the Search for virtual machines in this folder option, you will see a list of virtual machines found in the folder you specified.

Select the virtual machine(s) you want to add and click Add. If the virtual machine you selected is in old format, it will be converted into the new format.

Warning: The operation of conversion is irreversible. Virtual machines converted into the new format cannot be run with other Parallels applications that use virtual machines in the old format.

The virtual machine(s) you selected will be added to the virtual machines list.

8 In the Adding Completed window, click Done to exit the wizard.

41

C H A P T E R 6

Managing Virtual Machines

You can clone and delete your virtual machines, create a template based on a certain virtual machine configuration and then deploy it to a number of new virtual machines.

In This Chapter Cloning a Virtual Machine.................................................................................................... 41 Deleting and Removing Virtual Machine From List ............................................................ 43 Creating a Virtual Machine Template................................................................................... 46 Deploying a Virtual Machine Template................................................................................ 48

Cloning a Virtual Machine If you need to create an exact copy of a virtual machine, to back it up or for some other purposes, use the Clone Virtual Machine Assistant.

Using Clone Virtual Machine Assistant, you can clone a virtual machine, its virtual hard disk(s) and configuration file.

The cloned virtual machine has the same configuration as the original virtual machine does. If a device in the original machine was connected to an external resource, in the cloned virtual machine, this device will be connected to the same external resource.

Note 1: If the original virtual machine has a parallel or serial port connected to an output file, the virtual machine clone will have empty output files.

Note 2: If a network adapter is enabled in the original configuration, Parallels Server will generate a new MAC address for the virtual machine clone.

Before you start cloning a virtual machine, make sure that the virtual machine is not running.

To clone a virtual machine

1 Launch Parallels Management Console.

2 In the sidebar, select the virtual machine you want to clone.

3 Start Clone Virtual Machine Assistant by

choosing Clone from the Virtual Machine menu, or

right-clicking the virtual machine in the sidebar and choosing Clone form the shortcut menu.

Managing Virtual Machines 42

4 In the Name and Location window, type the name of the virtual machine clone and specify the folder for its files to be stored. You can use the Choose button to locate the folder.

By default, the files of the virtual machine clone will be placed to the following folder:

on Mac OS X host: /Users/Shared/Parallels/<Virtual Machine Name>/

on Windows host: C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Documents\Parallels\<Virtual Machine Name>\

on Linux host: /var/parallels/<Virtual Machine Name>

When finished, click Clone.

5 When the operation is complete, click Done in the Cloning Finished window.

The clone of the virtual machine will appear in the sidebar of the Parallels Management Console window.

Managing Virtual Machines 43

Deleting and Removing Virtual Machine From List

If you don't need some of your virtual machines anymore, you can either delete it or temporarily remove from the virtual machines list visible in Parallels Management Console.

Deleting a virtual machine means permanently erasing its files from the host computer. Make sure you transferred all the necessary data from the virtual machine before deleting it: this operation is irreversible. All the virtual machine data will be lost.

When removing a virtual machine from the list displayed in the Parallels Management Console window, you don't remove the virtual machine files from the host computer. You can easily add the removed virtual machine back to the virtual machines list with the help of the Add Virtual Machine Assistant. For more information about adding virtual machines that were removed from the list, see Adding Existing Virtual Machine (see page 38).

You can delete a virtual machine using the Delete Virtual Machine Assistant that finds and deletes all the virtual machine files. Or you can delete a virtual machine manually. However, we recommend that you use the Delete Virtual Machine Assistant.

By default, the Delete Virtual Machine Assistant removes all files that are stored in the virtual machine folder, including:

configuration file virtual hard disk file(s) floppy disk image file(s), if any output files of serial and parallel ports, if any

To delete a virtual machine or remove it form the list

1 Launch Parallels Management Console.

2 In the sidebar, select the virtual machine you want to delete or remove from the list.

3 Start the Delete Virtual Machine Assistant by

choosing Remove from the File menu, or

right-clicking the virtual machine in the sidebar and choosing Remove form the shortcut menu.

Note: Before deleting a virtual machine, make sure that the virtual machine is stopped.

4 In the Delete Virtual Machine Assistant Introduction window, click Continue. To skip this window next time you start the assistant, select Always skip introduction.

5 In the Delete Options window, select the operation you would like to perform on the virtual machine.

To delete the virtual machine, select Delete and click Continue. Proceed to step 6.

To remove the virtual machine from the sidebar, select Remove from list and click Remove.

Managing Virtual Machines 44

Note: If you remove the virtual machine from the list visible in Parallels Management Console, its files won't be removed from the host computer. You will be able to add this virtual machine back.

6 In the File Selection window, choose the virtual machine files to be deleted from the host

computer and click Delete to exit the assistant.

The assistant automatically selects the files that belong to the virtual machine, such as:

VM Configuration File. The file has the .pvs extension and defines hardware and resources configuration of a virtual machine.

Hard disk Image. The file has the .hdd extension and represents a virtual hard disk of a Parallels virtual machine.

Floppy Image. The file has the .fdd extension and is a a floppy disk image file.

File. The file has the .DS_Store extension and is a hidden file created by Mac OS X operating system to store custom attributes of a folder.

Managing Virtual Machines 45

Logging File. The file has the .log extension and serves to record the data.

7 When the operation is complete, click Done to exit the assistant.

Managing Virtual Machines 46

Creating a Virtual Machine Template If you need to create several virtual machines with similar configuration, you can create a virtual machine template and use it to create new virtual machines.

There are two ways to create a virtual machine template:

Convert an existing virtual machine into a virtual machine template. Clone an existing virtual machine to a virtual machine template.

If you choose to convert the virtual machine into a template, this virtual machine will be moved from the virtual machines list to the templates list and it will be available as a template only. You will not be able to run it as a virtual machine.

If you do not want to convert the virtual machine into a template but need to make a copy of it with the same configuration, you can make a clone of this virtual machine that will be used as a template.

To convert an existing virtual machine into a template

1 Choose the virtual machine you want to convert into a template by clicking its icon in the sidebar.

2 Choose Convert to Template from the Virtual Machine menu or right-click the virtual machine's icon in the sidebar and choose Convert to Template from the shortcut menu.

3 The virtual machine will be moved from the Virtual machines list to the Templates list.

To clone a virtual machine to template

1 Launch Parallels Management Console.

2 In the sidebar, select the virtual machine you want to be cloned to a virtual machine template.

3 Start Create Virtual Machine Template Assistant by

choosing Clone to Template from the Virtual Machine menu, or

right-clicking the virtual machine in the sidebar and choosing Clone to Template form the shortcut menu.

4 In the Create Virtual Machine Template Assistant Introduction window, click Continue. To skip this window next time you start the assistant, select Always skip introduction.

5 In the Name and Location window, specify the name and location for the virtual machine template and click Clone. You can use the Choose button to change the location.

By default, the virtual machine template files will be placed to the following folder:

on Mac OS X host: /Users/Shared/Parallels/<Virtual Machine Template Name>/

on Windows host: C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Documents\Parallels\<Virtual Machine Template Name>\

Managing Virtual Machines 47

on Linux host: /var/parallels/<Virtual Machine Template Name>

6 In the Creation Finished window, click Done to quit the assistant.

Managing Virtual Machines 48

Deploying a Virtual Machine Template

The virtual machine template cannot be run as a virtual machine. To be able to run it as a virtual machine, you should create a virtual machine that will have the same configuration the template does.

There are two ways of creating a virtual machine from a template:

Convert the template to a virtual machine. Deploy the template to a new virtual machine.

If you convert a virtual machine template into a virtual machine, its icon will be moved from the templates list to the virtual machines list, and you will be able to use it as a virtual machine.

If you deploy a virtual machine template to a virtual machine, the Deploy Virtual Machine Template Assistant will create a new virtual machine, but the template will not be removed from the templates list.

To convert a virtual machine template into a virtual machine

1 In the sidebar, select the template you want to convert into a virtual machine.

2 Choose Convert to Virtual Machine from the Virtual Machine menu or right-click the template's icon in the sidebar and choose Convert to Virtual Machine from the shortcut menu.

3 The virtual machine template will be moved from the templates list to the virtual machines list.

To deploy a virtual machine template to a new virtual machine

1 Launch Parallels Management Console.

2 In the sidebar, select the virtual machine template you want to be deployed to a new virtual machine.

3 Start Deploy Virtual Machine Template Assistant by

choosing Deploy to Virtual Machine from the Virtual Machine menu, or

right-clicking the virtual machine in the sidebar and choosing Deploy to Virtual Machine form the shortcut menu.

4 In the Deploy Virtual Machine Template Assistant Introduction window, click Continue. To skip this window next time you start the assistant, select Always skip introduction.

5 In the Name and Location window, specify the name and location for the virtual machine template and click Deploy. You can use the Choose button to change the location.

By default, the virtual machine files will be placed to the following folder:

on Mac OS X host: /Users/Shared/Parallels/<Virtual Machine Name>/

on Windows host: C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Documents\Parallels\<Virtual Machine Name>\

Managing Virtual Machines 49

on Linux host: /var/parallels/<Virtual Machine Name>

6 In the Deployment Finished window, click Done to close the assistant.

The resulting virtual machine will have the same configuration that the original template had.

50

C H A P T E R 7

Using Parallels Tools

Parallels Tools are a suite of special utilities that help you use your virtual machines in most comfortable and efficient way. With Parallels Tools, you can move the mouse seamlessly outside the guest OS window without pressing any key, change the virtual machine's screen resolution by simply resizing its window, and synchronize your virtual machine's time and date settings with the time settings of the host computer.

In This Chapter Parallels Tools for Mac Guest OS X..................................................................................... 51 Parallels Tools for Windows Guest OSes ............................................................................. 54 Parallels Tools in Linux Guest OS........................................................................................ 59 Editing Parallels Tools Settings ............................................................................................ 61

Using Parallels Tools 51

Parallels Tools for Mac Guest OS X Parallels Tools are available on the Mac guest operating systems supported by Parallels Server. For the full list of supported operating systems, see Supported Guest Operating Systems.

Parallels Tools for the Mac guest operating systems include:

Mouse Synchronization Tool

Mouse Synchronization Tool captures the mouse input in the virtual machine each time the pointer moves over to the guest OS window and automatically releases the input when the pointer moves out of the guest OS window.

For instructions on configuring this tool, see Editing Parallels Tools Settings (on page 61).

Time Synchronization Tool

Time Synchronization Tool enables you to customize your virtual machine and the host computer time settings. With this tool, you can:

Automatically synchronize the time settings of your virtual machine to the host computer time settings.

Set up and maintain time difference between your host computer and the guest OS installed in your virtual machine.

For instructions on setting up this tool, see Editing Parallels Tools Settings (on page 61).

Note: If you installed other time synchronization software, stop it before installing Parallels Tools to avoid potential conflicts.

Dynamic Resolution Tool

Dynamic Resolution Tool enables you to work with dynamic resolution. When you resize the guest OS window by dragging its lower right corner, the guest OS window resolution changes automatically.

For the instructions on configuring this tool, see Editing Parallels Tools Settings (on page 61).

Using Parallels Tools 52

Installing Parallels Tools in Mac Guest OS X On Mac guest OS X, Parallels Tools can be installed from the prl-tools-mac.iso image file that is included into the Parallels Server package and is stored on the host computer after the Parallels Server installation. This image file is placed to the following folder by default:

on Mac OS X: /Library/Parallels/Tools/ on Windows: C:\Program Files\Parallels\Parallels Server\Tools\ on Linux: /usr/share/parallels-server/tools/

Before installing Parallels Tools in the virtual machine, check the location of the prl-tools-mac.iso image file.

To install Parallels Tools in a Mac guest OS X

1 Launch Parallels Management Console and log in to the virtual machine guest OS.

2 When the guest OS boots up, connect the Parallels Tools ISO image file by choosing the Install Parallels Tools option from the Virtual Machine menu.

3 Open the mounted image of the disk and double-click the Guest OS Tools For Mac OS X icon to start the installation.

4 In the Welcome window, click Continue.

5 In the Select a Destination window, specify the location for Parallels Tools. Click Continue.

6 In the Standard Install on "Macintosh HD" window, if you need to set a different location for Parallels Tools, you can do it by clicking Change Install Location. Click Install to continue installation. Type the password when prompted.

In the Installation window, you can see the process of Parallels Tools being installed in your virtual machine. The default installation path for Parallels tools is Library -> Parallels Guest Tools.

7 When the installation is complete, click Restart to exit the wizard and restart you computer.

Troubleshooting

If the Parallels Tools ISO image file failed to connect to your virtual machine CD/DVD-ROM drive, you can do it manually:

Right-click the CD/DVD-ROM drive icon in the status bar of the virtual machine window, specify where the CD/DVD-ROM drive belongs to (host or client computer) and choose Connect Image to locate and connect the image, or

In the Devices menu, choose CD/DVD-ROM. Specify where the CD/DVD-ROM belongs to and choose Connect Image to locate and connect the image. For more information on how to add a CD/DVD-ROM image file, refer to CD/DVD-ROM Settings (see page 94).

Using Parallels Tools 53

Now, you can start the Parallels Tools installation manually by double-clicking the Guest OS Tools for Mac OS X icon.

Updating Parallels Tools Each time you update the Parallels Server software, you should update Parallels Tools installed in your Mac OS X virtual machines.

To update Parallels Tools, use the Parallels Tools installation disc image - prl-tools-mac.iso that is automatically updated together with the Parallels Server application.

This image file is stored in this folder by default:

on Mac OS X: /Library/Parallels/Tools/ on Windows: C:\Program Files\Parallels\Parallels Server\Tools\ on Linux: /usr/share/parallels-server/tools/

Before updating Parallels Tools in the virtual machine, check the location of the prl-tools-mac.iso image file.

Removing Parallels Tools If you don't need Parallels Tools in your virtual machine, you can easily remove them from the Mac OS X guest virtual machine.

To uninstall Parallels Tools from Mac Guest OS X

1 Launch Parallels Management Console and log in to the virtual machine guest OS.

2 Open the mounted image of the disk and double-click the Uninstall Parallels Tools icon to start the uninstallation.

3 In the Welcome window, click Uninstall. Enter the password when prompted.

In the Uninstallation window, you can see the process of Parallels Tools being uninstalled in your virtual machine

4 In the Uninstallation Completed window, click Restart to finish the uninstallation and quit the wizard.

Using Parallels Tools 54

Parallels Tools for Windows Guest OSes

Parallels Tools are available for the following Windows guest OSes:

Windows 2000 Windows Server 2003 Windows XP Windows Vista

Parallels Tools for these Windows guest OSes include:

Mouse Synchronization Tool

Mouse Synchronization Tool captures the mouse input in the virtual machine each time the pointer moves over to the guest OS window and automatically releases the input when the pointer moves out of the guest OS window.

For the instructions on configuring this tool, see Editing Parallels Tools Settings (on page 61).

Time Synchronization Tool

Time Synchronization Tool enables you to customize your virtual machine and the host computer time settings. With this tool, you can:

Automatically synchronize the time settings of your virtual machine with the host computer time settings.

Set up and maintain the time difference between your host computer and the guest OS installed in your virtual machine.

For the instructions on configuring this tool, see Editing Parallels Tools Settings (on page 61).

Note: If you installed other time synchronization software, stop it before installing Parallels Tools to avoid potential conflicts.

Clipboard Synchronization Tool

Clipboard Synchronization Tool enables you to easily exchange texts between

Windows virtual machines irrespective of the client computer operating system a Windows virtual machine and a client computer that has Mac or Windows operating

system installed.

For the instructions on configuring this tool, see Editing Parallels Tools Settings (on page 61).

Dynamic Resolution Tool

Dynamic Resolution Tool enables you to work with dynamic resolution. When you resize the guest OS window by dragging its lower right corner, the guest OS window resolution changes automatically.

Using Parallels Tools 55

For instructions on configuring this tool, see Editing Parallels Tools Settings (on page 61).

Shared Folders Tool

Shared Folders Tool enables you to share host OS folders to access them from the guest OS. With this tool, you can access the host computer shared folders from the virtual machine.

Note: If you don't install this tool in the virtual machine, you won't be able to use it, even if you enabled Shared Folders option in the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

For the instructions on configuring this tool, see Shared Folders Settings (on page 85) and Using Shared Folders (on page 72).

Using Parallels Tools 56

Installing Parallels Tools in Windows Guest OS In Windows guest OSes, Parallels Tools can be installed from the prl-tools-win.iso image file that is included into the Parallels Server package and is stored on the host computer after Parallels Server installation. This image file is placed to this folder by default:

on Mac OS X: /Library/Parallels/Tools/ on Windows: C:\Program Files\Parallels\Parallels Server\Tools\ on Linux: /usr/share/parallels-server/tools/

Before installing Parallels Tools in the virtual machine, check the location of the prl-tools-win.iso image file.

Note: On Windows Vista, Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 virtual machines that were created in the Express Windows installation mode, Parallels Tools installer launches automatically when the creation of the virtual machine is complete.

To install Parallels Tools in a Windows guest OS

1 Launch Parallels Management Console and log in to the virtual machine guest OS.

2 When the guest OS boots up, connect the Parallels Tools ISO image file by choosing the Install Parallels Tools option from the Virtual Machine menu. Parallels Tools installation wizard launches automatically.

3 In the Welcome window, click Next. 4 In the Destination Folder window, specify the location for the Parallels Tools. Click Next. 5 In the Ready to Install the Program window, click Install to start the installation.

6 When the installation is complete, click Finish to exit the wizard.

7 To apply the changes, you should restart your guest operating system. Click Yes.

Troubleshooting

If the installation of Parallels Tools does not start automatically when you connect the ISO image to the virtual machine's CD/DVD-ROM drive, you can do it manually:

1 Make sure that the prl-tools-win.iso image file is connected to your virtual machine CD/DVD-ROM drive. If it is not, you should connect it manually. To do that:

Right-click the CD/DVD-ROM drive icon in the status bar of the virtual machine window, specify where the CD/DVD-ROM belongs to (host or client computer) and choose Connect Image to locate and connect the image, or

In the Devices menu, choose CD/DVD-ROM. Specify the CD/DVD-ROM location and choose Connect Image.

For more information on how to add a CD/DVD-ROM image file, refer to CD/DVD-ROM Settings (see page 94).

2 Start Parallels Tools installation manually.

1. In the guest Window OS, choose My Computer from the Start menu.

2. Right-click the CD-DVD-ROM icon and choose Open from the shortcut menu.

Using Parallels Tools 57

3. View the contents of the Parallels Tools disc image and launch the setup.exe file.

3 Parallels Tools installation wizard launches. Follow the instructions to install Parallels Tools.

Updating Parallels Tools Each time you update the Parallels Server software, you should update Parallels Tools installed in your Windows virtual machines. To update Parallels Tools, use the Parallels Tools installation disc image - prl-tools-win.iso that is automatically updated together with the Parallels Server application. This image file is stored in this folder by default:

on Mac OS X: /Library/Parallels/Tools/ on Windows: C:\Program Files\Parallels\Parallels Server\Tools\ on Linux: /usr/share/parallels-server/tools/

Before updating Parallels Tools in the virtual machine, check the location of the prl-tools-win.iso image file.

To update Parallels Tools

1 Start the virtual machine and log in to the guest OS.

2 Locate the Parallels Tools for Windows ISO image file (prl-tools-win.iso) and connect it to your virtual machine. To do that:

Right-click the CD/DVD-ROM drive icon in the status bar of the virtual machine window, specify where the CD/DVD-ROM belongs and choose Connect Image, or

In the Devices menu, choose CD/DVD-ROM. Specify where the CD/DVD-ROM belongs and choose Connect Image.

For more information on how to add a CD/DVD-ROM image file, refer to CD/DVD-ROM Settings (see page 94).

Using Parallels Tools 58

3 Parallels Tools installation wizard is launched automatically when you connect the prl-tools-win.iso image file to the virtual machine.

4 In the Welcome window, click the Next button.

5 In the Program Maintenance window, select Modify to update Parallels Tools.

6 In the Ready to Modify the Program window, click Install to start the installation.

7 When the installation is complete, click Finish to exit the wizard.

When Parallels Tools are updated, restart the guest operating system.

Troubleshooting

If the installation wizard is not launched automatically:

1 Make sure that the prl-tools-win.iso image file is connected to the virtual machine's CD-ROM drive.

2 Start Parallels Tools installation wizard manually. For this, in the guest Window OS, choose My Computer from the Start menu. Right-click the CD-DVD-ROM icon and choose Open from the shortcut menu. View the contents of the Parallels Tools disc image and launch the setup.exe file.

Removing Parallels Tools Parallels Tools can be easily removed from a Windows virtual machine as any other Windows application.

To uninstall Parallels Tools from Windows Guest OS

1 From the Windows Start menu, choose Control Panel > Add or Remove Programs.

2 Choose Parallels Tools from the list and click Remove.

3 Parallels Tools will be removed from the virtual machine.

When Parallels Tools are removed, restart the guest operating system.

Using Parallels Tools 59

Parallels Tools in Linux Guest OS Parallels Tools can be installed in virtual machines with Linux guest operating systems that comply with the following requirements:

glibc 2.3.4 and later; libstdc++ 3.4.6 and later (libstdc++.so.6); gcc 3.4.6 and later (including C++ support); make 3.80; X.org 6.7, 6.8, 6.8.99, 6.8, 7.0, 7.1, 7.2 (1.3), 7.3 (1.4); kernel sources or development package;

To ensure a better integration between your primary and guest OS, Parallels Server provides a set of tools for Linux guest OSes that includes Dynamic Resolution Tool, Mouse Synchronization Tool and Time Synchronization Tool.

Dynamic Resolution Tool

Dynamic Resolution Tool enables you to work with dynamic resolution. When you resize the guest OS window by dragging its lower right corner, the guest OS window resolution changes automatically.

Mouse Synchronization Tool

Mouse Synchronization Tool provides automatic capture of the mouse input each time the pointer goes over the guest OS window and automatic release of the mouse input when the pointer moves out of the guest OS window. This tool also makes pointer movements smoother.

Time Synchronization Tool

Time Synchronization Tool enables you to configure time settings on your guest OS. With this tool you can:

synchronize time between your host and guest OS set up and maintain time difference between your host and guest OS

Note: If you installed other time synchronization software, please stop it before installing Parallels Tools in order to avoid potential conflicts.

Using Parallels Tools 60

Installing Parallels Tools in Linux Guest OS In Linux guest OS, Parallels Tools can be installed from the prl-tools-lin.iso image file that is included into the Parallels Server package and is installed together with Parallels Server application. By default, prl-tools-lin.iso image file is placed to this folder on the host computer:

on Mac OS X: /Library/Parallels/Tools/ on Windows: C:\Program Files\Parallels\Parallels Server\Tools\ on Linux: /usr/share/parallels-server/tools/

Before installing Parallels Tools in the virtual machine, make sure that the prl-tools-lin.iso image file is present in this location.

To install Parallels Tools in GNU/Linux guest OS

1 Launch Parallels Management Console and start the virtual machine.

2 When the guest OS boots up, click the Virtual Machine menu and choose Install Parallels Tools.

The prl-tools-lin.iso image file will be connected to the virtual machine's CD/DVD-ROM drive.

3 Start terminal.

4 Mount the Parallels Tools CD/DVD-ROM with the "noexec" flag disabled and change the directory to the CD-DVD-ROM.

5 In the CD/DVD-ROM directory, enter the following to launch Parallels Tools installation: ./guestinstaller

Note: You must have root privileges to run this command.

6 Follow the Parallels Tools Installer instructions to complete the installation.

7 When the installation of Parallels Tools is complete, restart your virtual machine.

Troubleshooting

If the Parallels Tools CD/DVD-ROM is not mounted automatically when you select Install Parallels Tools from the Virtual Machine menu, try to connect the prl-tools-lin.iso image file to the virtual machine's CD/DVD-ROM drive:

Right-click the CD/DVD-ROM drive icon in the status bar of the virtual machine window, choose Host Computer CD/DVD-ROM > Connect Image, or

In the Devices menu, choose CD/DVD-ROM > Host Computer CD/DVD-ROM > Connect Image.

For more information on how to add a CD/DVD-ROM image file, refer to CD/DVD-ROM Settings (see page 94).

Using Parallels Tools 61

Updating Parallels Tools Each time you update the Parallels Server software, you should update Parallels Tools installed in your Linux virtual machines.

To update Parallels Tools, use the Parallels Tools installation disc image - prl-tools-lin.iso that is automatically updated together with the Parallels Server application.

This image file is stored in this folder by default:

on Mac OS X: /Library/Parallels/Tools/ on Windows: C:\Program Files\Parallels\Parallels Server\Tools\ on Linux: /usr/share/parallels-server/tools/

Before updating Parallels Tools in the virtual machine, check the location of the prl-tools-lin.iso image file.

Editing Parallels Tools Settings To manage the settings of Parallels Tools installed in a virtual machine, use the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog (on page 75).

Using the Services pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog, you can edit the settings for the following Parallels Tools:

Mouse Synchronization Tool Clipboard Synchronization Tool (available for Windows guest OSes only) Time Synchronization Tool

Using the Shared Folders pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog, you can edit the settings for the Shared Folders Tool. This tool is available for Windows guest operating systems only.

Note: You cannot remove one component of Parallels Tools without removing the whole Parallels Tools package from the guest OS.

To edit the Parallels Tools settings

1 Start Parallels Management Console and select a virtual machine that has Parallels Tools installed.

2 Open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog by

double-clicking the virtual machine icon in the sidebar, or

choosing Edit Configuration from the Virtual Machine menu, or

right-clicking the virtual machine in the sidebar and choosing Edit Configuration from the shortcut menu.

Using Parallels Tools 62

3 In the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog, click the Services pane or the Shared Folders pane depending on the tool you need to edit.

Managing Settings on the Services Pane

On the Services pane, you can manage the following settings:

Automatically capture and release the mouse pointer. When this option is enabled, you can move the pointer seamlessly between the virtual machine and your computer. This option controls the Mouse Synchronization Tool.

Share Clipboard. When this option is enabled, you can exchange texts between the virtual machine and your computer.

Synchronize time with the host computer. When this option is enabled, the virtual machine time settings are synchronized with the host computer time settings. In the Synchronize every field, you can set the synchronization frequency. If you want to set and keep time difference between your primary and the guest OS, select the Allow a different time than on the host computer option. This option controls the Time Synchronization Tool.

To apply the changes and close the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog by clicking OK.

Using Parallels Tools 63

Managing Settings on the Shared Folders Pane

On the Shared Folders pane, you can manage the following settings:

Share the host computer's folders with the virtual machine. Select the All disks option to provide the virtual machine with access to all disks

available on the host computer.

Select the Home Folder Only option if you want to access the host computer Home folder from the virtual machine.

Using Parallels Tools 64

User-defined folders. Select this option to specify the host computer folders to be shared to the virtual machine.

To add a folder, use the Add button . In the Shared Folder Properties dialog, specify the following settings and click OK:

Enabled. Select this option to enable the shared folder. Path. In this field, type the path to the folder you want to share with the virtual machine.

You may use the Choose button to locate the folder. Name. In this field, type the shared folder name that will appear in the virtual machine. Description. In this field, you may type a brief description for this shared folder. Read-only. Select this option if you want this shared folder to have a read-only status when

accessed from the virtual machine.

To remove a shared folder, select it and click the Remove button .

For more information about shared folders, see Using Shared Folders (see page 72) in Parallels Virtual Machine Guide.

65

C H A P T E R 8

Running Virtual Machine

This chapter contains basic information on how to work with virtual machines.

In This Chapter Starting, Stopping and Resetting Virtual Machine................................................................ 65 Pausing and Suspending Virtual Machine ............................................................................ 67 Using Keyboard and Mouse.................................................................................................. 68 Switching View Modes ......................................................................................................... 70 Freezing the Virtual Machine Screen Resolution ................................................................. 71 Using Shared Folders ............................................................................................................ 72 Improving Virtual Machine Performance By Configuring Spotlight ................................... 73

Starting, Stopping and Resetting Virtual Machine

With the help of Parallels Management Console, you can start, stop, pause, suspend and reset virtual machines.

Starting a virtual machine

You can start the virtual machine that is stopped, paused or suspended.

To start the virtual machine:

1 Launch Parallels Management Console.

2 Connect to the server this virtual machine belongs to. For the information on how to connect to the server, see Connecting to Server.

3 Choose the virtual machine and start it by

clicking the Start button in the toolbar, or

choosing Start from the Virtual Machine menu, or

right-clicking the virtual machine icon in the sidebar and choosing Start from the shortcut menu, or

clicking Start on the Summary tab of the virtual machine properties page.

Running Virtual Machine 66

Stopping the virtual machine

To stop a virtual machine, use the shut down procedure that is typical for the guest operating system installed in it.

If you cannot shut down the guest OS properly, stop the virtual machine.

To stop the virtual machine, do one of the following:

Click the Stop toolbar button, or Right-click the virtual machine icon in the sidebar and choose Stop from the shortcut menu,

or Choose Stop from the Virtual Machine menu, or Click Stop on the Summary tab of the virtual machine properties page.

If you do not want to spend much time on stopping your virtual machine, you can either pause or suspend it. Pausing a virtual machine is convenient when you need to instantly release resources the virtual machine uses. Suspending a virtual machine is convenient when you need to freeze and save the processes in the virtual machine for a long period of time. For more information, refer to Pausing and Suspending Virtual Machines (see page 67).

Resetting the virtual machine

You may need to reset the virtual machine to solve a problem preventing you from successive work with your virtual machine.

To reset the virtual machine, do one of the following:

Right-click the virtual machine icon in the sidebar and choose Reset from the shortcut menu, or

Choose Reset from the Virtual Machine menu.

Running Virtual Machine 67

Pausing and Suspending Virtual Machine

Starting and shutting down virtual machines may take a considerable amount of time. Instead of shutting down your virtual machine, you may pause or suspend it for some time, and quickly resume it later.

Pausing Virtual Machine

Pausing a virtual machine releases the resources, such as RAM and CPU, used by this virtual machine. The released resources can be used by the host computer or by other virtual machines stored on this computer.

Pausing your virtual machine may be helpful when you need to temporarily release the host computer resources used by the virtual machine to the host computer and its applications or to other virtual machines running on this host computer.

To pause the virtual machine, do one of the following:

Click the Pause button in the toolbar, or Choose Pause from the Virtual Machine menu, or Right-click the virtual machine icon in the sidebar and choose Pause from the shortcut

menu.

To resume a paused virtual machine, click the Continue button or choose Continue from the Virtual Machine menu.

Suspending Virtual Machine

Suspending virtual machine is similar to putting a real computer into sleep mode. When you suspend a virtual machine, not only the processes in it are frozen, but the virtual machine state is also saved. This means that you can suspend a virtual machine, restart the primary OS, and resume the virtual machine without need to reboot the guest OS and restart the applications.

Suspending your virtual machine may be helpful when you need to restart the primary OS installed on the host computer, but don't want to quit the applications running in the virtual machine and to spend time on shutting down the guest OS.

To suspend the virtual machine, do one of the following:

Choose Suspend from the Virtual Machine menu, or Right-click the virtual machine icon in the sidebar and choose Suspend from the shortcut

menu.

To resume a suspended virtual machine, click the Resume button or choose Resume from the Virtual Machine menu.

Running Virtual Machine 68

Using Keyboard and Mouse To use keyboard and mouse in the virtual machine, you need to capture their input in this virtual machine.

To capture the keyboard and mouse input in the virtual machine, move the mouse pointer to the virtual machine window and click inside the window.

To release the keyboard and mouse input from the virtual machine, press the Ctrl+Alt key combination.

You can later change the hot key combination for releasing the keyboard and mouse input using the Preferences dialog available from the Management Console menu.

Mouse Synchronization with Parallels Tools

To easily switch keyboard and mouse input from the virtual machine to your computer and vice versa, install Parallels Tools. When Parallels Tools are installed, you can seamlessly switch the input by moving the pointer from the virtual machine window to the host computer and back.

For more information on Parallels Tools, their installation and the functionality they provide, refer to Using Parallels Tools (see page 50).

Right-Clicking Items in a Windows Virtual Machine

If your mouse doesn't have any right button, to right-click items in a Windows virtual machine, press Shift + Ctrl and click the item.

Using Shortcut Key Combinations in Virtual Machine

When you work in two or more operating systems at the same time, you may find it difficult to keep in mind the differences between the hot key combinations used in each of the operating systems. If you are a Mac user, for example, you may find it hard to remember that the default key combination for copying items, that is Cmd + C in Mac OS X, in Windows will be Ctrl + C.

Parallels Management console enables you to map the Cmd modifier key to Ctrl key in Windows virtual machines, so that when you press the Cmd key while working in the virtual machine, it is automatically translated to Ctrl in the guest OS.

For customizing key remapping, use the Preferences dialog:

1 To open the Preferences dialog, choose Preferences from the Management Console menu.

2 Click Keyboard to expand the keyboard settings pane.

3 In the Key Remapping Mode field, select the way to remap the keys in the virtual machine and click OK to apply the settings.

When Your Keyboard Has No Windows Key

Running Virtual Machine 69

If you ware using a Mac keyboard for working in a Windows virtual machine, use the Cmd (Apple) key instead of the Windows key.

When Your Keyboard Has No Apple Key

If you are using a PC keyboard for working in a Mac OS X virtual machine, use the Windows key instead of the Cmd (Apple) key in standard hot key combinations.

Running Virtual Machine 70

Switching View Modes Parallels Management Console provides several view modes to make your work with virtual machines more easy and efficient.

Windowed View. Using this mode, you can see the virtual machine screen in the Parallels Management Console window or in a detached console window.

Full Screen. Using this mode, you can expand the virtual machine screen up to the size of your computer screen.

Detached Console View. Using this mode, you can view the virtual machine screen in a separate window.

For switching between these modes, you can use the menu commands or toolbar buttons.

Switching to Full Screen Mode

You can run a guest operating system in full screen when the guest OS window occupies the whole screen of your computer and the Parallels Management Console controls are hidden.

To switch to Full Screen mode:

Click the Full Screen button on the toolbar, or Choose Full Screen from the View menu.

To return to the Windowed View mode:

Press Alt+Enter, which is the default key combination for switching to Full Screen mode and back.

Switching to Detached Console Mode

If you have a number of virtual machines, you can run each of them in its own window by detaching their windows from the main window of Parallels Management Console.

To detach the virtual machine window:

Click the Detach Console button in the toolbar, or Choose Detach Console from the View menu.

To attach the virtual machine window back:

Close the detached window, or

Click the Attach Console button on the detached window toolbar.

Running Virtual Machine 71

Freezing the Virtual Machine Screen Resolution

The virtual machine's screen resolution can be changed:

When you adjust the guest OS display settings. When you resize the virtual machine window (this works only when Parallels Tools (see

page 50) are installed in your virtual machine). When you run an application or a game that automatically changes the screen resolution of

your guest OS.

This behaviour of virtual machine windows can be irritating. To freeze the virtual machine screen resolution, use the Lock Window option available from the View menu.

Running Virtual Machine 72

Using Shared Folders Shared folders are folders on your host computer that are visible to the guest OS. These folders can be used for exchanging files between the host computer and the virtual machine or between several virtual machines. In the primary OS installed on the host computer, the shared folders appear as usual folders, while in the guest OS they appear as network shared folders.

A shared folder resides on the host computer, which means it takes space on the host computer hard disk. You can choose any folder on your host computer and share it with your virtual machine. Using the shared folders feature, you can make certain host computer folders accessible from the virtual machine.

If you want to view and use files and folders stored inside the virtual machine, i.e. on the virtual machine’s hard disk, use the Parallels Explorer utility (in this version available for virtual machines stored on Mac OS X hosts only).

Shared folders are available for the following guest operating systems:

Windows 2000 Windows XP Windows 2003 Windows Vista

For the information on how to add and customize shared folders, see Shared Folders Settings (see page 85).

Viewing the contents of the shared folders in the Windows guest OS

To make shared folders available in the guest OS, you will need to have Parallels Tools installed. For more information on installing Parallels Tools, refer to Using Parallels Tools (see page 50).

To view the contents of the shared folders in the Windows guest OS, you can do one of the following:

Use the Parallels Shared Folders icon on the desktop of a running virtual machine.

Note: The icon appears automatically when you install Parallels Tools.

Use Windows Explorer to find the Parallels shared folders: 1. In the virtual machine, open Windows Explorer.

2. In Explorer, select My Networks Places -> Entire Network and find the .PSF server.

3. Double-click the PSF server to view the list of the host computer shared folders available from your virtual machine.

Running Virtual Machine 73

Improving Virtual Machine Performance By Configuring Spotlight

Spotlight indexes Mac OS X folders, including the Parallels virtual machines folders, which may affect these virtual machine performance.

If you are not satisfied with the performance of Parallels virtual machines, you can try to enhance their performance by preventing Spotlight from searching the virtual machines folders, or disabling the Spotlight application.

If you prevent Spotlight from searching the virtual machine’s folder, it won’t be able to index its contents and this virtual machine will work more productively.

You can exclude one of the following locations from the Spotlight search:

the whole Parallels virtual machines folder (/Users/Shared/Parallels) the specific virtual machine folder the whole Macintosh HD volume

To prevent Spotlight from searching a certain folder

1 Choose System Preferences from the Apple menu and click Spotlight. 2 In the Spotlight preferences dialog, click the Privacy tab.

3 Click the Add button and specify the path to the folder that you want to be excluded from the search.

Note: To remove the folder from the Privacy list, select the folder in the list and delete it using the Delete button .

If you want to disable Spotlight, refer to Max OS X help for the instructions on how to do it.

74

C H A P T E R 9

Configuring Virtual Machines

Virtual Machine Configuration dialog lets you edit the settings of the virtual machine and the devices it uses. This section provides instructions on how to use Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

In This Chapter Using the Virtual Machine Configuration Dialog................................................................. 75 Adding and Removing Devices ............................................................................................ 105 Using Intel VT-d PCI Devices in Parallels Virtual Machines............................................... 120 Networking in Virtual Machine ............................................................................................ 122

Configuring Virtual Machines 75

Using the Virtual Machine Configuration Dialog

With the help of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog, you can edit the settings of the virtual machine and the devices it uses.

To open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog, you can use one of these ways:

Double-click the virtual machine icon in the sidebar of the Parallels Management Console main window.

Click Edit Configuration on the virtual machine Summary page. Choose Edit Configuration from the Virtual Machine menu. Right-click the virtual machine in the sidebar and choose Edit from the shortcut menu.

Configuring Virtual Machines 76

The Virtual Machine Configuration dialog has two panes:

The sidebar that displays virtual machine options and devices available for editing. The settings pane that displays the settings for a device or option selected in the sidebar.

To view and edit an item's settings, select it in the sidebar, and its settings pane will be displayed.

To add a device to the virtual machine's configuration, click the Add button .

To remove a device from the list, select it in the sidebar and click the Remove button .

For details on adding and removing devices, see Adding and Removing Devices (on page 105).

General Settings To view and edit the general settings of the virtual machine, use the General pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

Configuring Virtual Machines 77

VM Name. This field displays the name of the virtual machine. The length of the name is limited to 50 characters. This name is displayed on the virtual machine Summary page.

OS Type. This field displays the type of the operating system installed in the virtual machine or declared to be installed in future.

OS Version. This field displays the version of the operating system installed in the virtual machine or declared to be installed in future.

Note: The operating system version specified in this field must be the same as the one actually installed in your virtual machine.

Description. You may type a short description for the virtual machine in this field. This description will be displayed on the virtual machine Summary tab.

Boot Settings To set the boot sequence for your virtual machine, use the Boot pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

Configuring Virtual Machines 78

When the virtual machine starts, it can use one of these boot devices:

Hard Disk. Select this device if you want the virtual machine to boot up from its virtual hard disk.

Floppy Disk. Select this device if you want the virtual machine to boot up from a floppy disk image connected to its floppy disk drive.

Network Adapter. Select this device if you want your virtual machine's network adapter to use a PXE server for booting.

CD/DVD-ROM. Select this device if you want the virtual machine to boot up from the media connected to its CD/DVD-ROM drive.

When the virtual machine starts up, it is trying to boot from the device that appears as the first device in this list.

Note: If the device has no media or it is not bootable, the virtual machine proceeds to the next device in the sequence, and so on.

To change the booting sequence, select a device and move it using the arrows.

To remove a device from the sequence, clear the check box next to its name.

Configuring Virtual Machines 79

Optimization Settings To define where to allocate most of the computer resources, use the Optimization pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog

Select the optimization mode you prefer and click OK. The available options are:

Virtual Machine (Recommended). Select this option to allocate more host computer resources to the virtual machine and its applications.

Host Computer. Select this option to allocate more resources to the host computer and its applications.

Configuring Virtual Machines 80

Permissions Settings To manage the virtual machine permissions, use the Permissions pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

Sharing the virtual machine with other users

To let other users access the virtual machine, select Allow other users to access this virtual machine to. If this option is disabled, other users will have no access to the virtual machine.

Sharing options:

View. Select this option to enable other users to add this virtual machine to the virtual machine list and view its console without being able to start, stop or otherwise control it.

View and run. Select this option to enable other users to control the virtual machine and work in it, without being able to change its configuration.

View, run and configure. Select this option to enable other users to perform any operations on the virtual machine and its files.

When you finish, click OK to save the changes and to quit the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog. If you don't want to save the changes, click Cancel.

Configuring Virtual Machines 81

Startup and Shutdown Settings To manage the user account settings of the virtual machine, use the Startup and Shutdown pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

Configuring Virtual Machines 82

Changing the user account for the virtual machine

To be able to change the user account, enable the Start the virtual machine with this user account option.

Choose between the following accounts:

The root account. The account allows you to run the virtual machine with the administrator's rights.

This user. You will run the virtual machine under the specified account.

Selecting actions to perform on powering on and off the host computer On Host Startup. Select the operation the virtual machine should do when you start up the

host computer: do nothing, start, or resume from the previous state. You may use the Startup Delay field to set the delay time interval for the virtual machine.

On Host Shutdown. Select the operation the virtual machine should do when you shut down the host computer: stop, suspend or shutdown.

Configuring Virtual Machines 83

Services Settings To manage Parallels Tools settings, use the Services pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

Configuring Virtual Machines 84

Mouse and Keyboard Synchronization

Select the Automatically capture and release the mouse pointer option to easily switch the keyboard and mouse input between the virtual machine and your computer.

Clipboard Synchronization

To exchange texts between the virtual machine and your computer, enable the Share Clipboard option.

Note: This option is available for Windows guest operating systems only.

Time Synchronization

Select the Synchronize time with the host computer option to synchronize the virtual machine time settings with the host computer time settings. You may specify the frequency of time synchronization checks in the Synchronize every field.

If the time zone specified for your virtual machine differs from the time zone of the server that hosts it, you can maintain this time difference by selecting Allow a different time than the host computer.

Configuring Virtual Machines 85

Shared Folders Settings To manage shared folders and their settings, use the Shared Folders pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

Configuring Virtual Machines 86

Sharing host computer disks to virtual machine

Select the All disks option to provide the virtual machine with access to all disks available on the host computer.

Sharing the host computer Home folder

Select the Home Folder Only option if you want to access the host computer Home folder from the virtual machine.

Specifying host computer folders to be shared

Select the User-defined folders option to specify the host computer folders to be shared to the virtual machine.

To add a folder, use the Add button . In the Shared Folder Properties dialog, specify the following settings and click OK:

Enabled. Select this option to enable the shared folder. Path. In this field, type the path to the folder you want to share with the virtual machine.

You may use the Choose button to locate the folder. Name. In this field, type the shared folder name that will appear in the virtual machine. Description. In this field, you may type a brief description for this shared folder. Read-only. Select this option if you want this shared folder to have a read-only status when

accessed from the virtual machine.

To remove a shared folder, select it and click the Remove button .

For more information about shared folders, see Using Shared Folders (see page 72) in Parallels Virtual Machine Guide.

Configuring Virtual Machines 87

CPU Settings To view and edit the virtual machine's CPU settings, use the CPU pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

In the Number of CPUs field, you can set the number of host computer CPUs the virtual machine can use.

In the Hardware Virtualization field, you can view the type of virtualization technology used by the virtual machine to emulate the hardware.

To view or edit other CPU settings, select the Show advanced settings check box. You can edit the following advanced settings:

Acceleration Level. This field shows the CPU acceleration level. The acceleration level determines virtual machine's performance.

Note: It is recommended to set this option to High . Note that setting acceleration level to Disabled affects virtual machine performance.

System Flags. The flags you type here will change the virtual machine system behavior.

Configuring Virtual Machines 88

Memory Settings To set the amount of RAM available for the virtual machine, use the Memory pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

In the Main Memory field, you can set the amount of RAM that will be available for the virtual machine. You can choose any value from 4 to 3700 MB. But it is better not to exceed the recommended value given below the slider.

To set the required value for this type of memory, drag the slider or type the value directly into the Main Memory field.

Configuring Virtual Machines 89

Video Settings To set the amount of video memory available for the virtual machine's video card, use the Video pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

Configuring Virtual Machines 90

You can choose any value from 4 to 32 MB. But it is better not to exceed the recommended value given below the slider. The maximum screen resolution available with such an amount of video memory is also provided below the slider.

To set the required value for the video memory, drag the slider or type the value directly into the Video Memory field.

Adjusting your computer screen resolution to the virtual machine screen resolution in the Full Screen Mode

When you switch the virtual machine to the Full Screen mode, its screen resolution:

changes to your computer screen resolution if you have Parallels Tools installed, or remains the same

In the second case, if the virtual machine screen resolution is lower than the screen resolution of your computer, in the Full Screen mode, the virtual machine's screen will appear on a black background. If the virtual machine's screen resolution is higher than that of your computer, in the Full Screen mode, the virtual machine's screen will have scroll bars.

To adjust the screen resolution of your computer to the screen resolution of the virtual machine, you may use the Change the screen resolution on the client computer in Full Screen option. Select this option to make your computer change its screen resolution each time this virtual machine is switched to Full Screen mode.

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Floppy Disk Settings To view and edit the virtual machine floppy disk drive settings, use the Floppy Disk pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

Enabled. Select this option to enable floppy disk drive operations in the virtual machine. To temporary disable floppy drive operations without removing the floppy drive from the configuration, clear this option.

Connected. Select this option if you want the floppy disk drive or floppy disk image to be automatically connected to the virtual machine at virtual machine startup.

You can choose the device to emulate the virtual machine's floppy disk drive.

To use a real floppy disk drive, select Real Device and specify the device to use. To use a floppy disk image, select Image File and specify the path to the floppy disk image

file in the File field. You can use the Choose button to locate the file.

If you want to replace the currently used floppy disk image by a blank floppy disk image, click the Recreate button.

Warning: Replacing the current floppy disk image by a blank one deletes all data stored on this disk image.

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Hard Disk Settings To view and edit the virtual hard disk settings, use the Hard Disk pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

In this version of Parallels Server, the virtual machines can use hard disk images in .hdd format as their hard disks.

Note: You can connect up to four IDE devices and seven SCSI devices (hard disks or CD/DVD-ROM drives) to a virtual machine. The new connected virtual hard disk will be receive its number according to order of connected devices.

To enable the hard disk in this virtual machine, select the Enabled option. To temporarily disable the operations with this virtual hard disk without removing it from the configuration, clear the Enabled option.

Using hard disk image file as a virtual hard disk 1 Type the path to the hard disk image file in the File field. You may use the Choose button to

locate the file.

2 Select the interface type for connecting the hard disk image.

IDE. Using this interface type, you can connect up to four virtual devices (hard disks or CD/DVD drives).

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SCSI. Using this interface type, you can connect up to seven virtual devices (hard disks or CD/DVD drives).

Note: Red Hat Linux Enterprise 5 guest OS doesn't support the SCSI controller.

3 Select the device location in the Location list.

4 Click OK to apply the settings and close the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

Recreating the virtual hard disk image

If you want to replace the virtual hard disk image file by a new blank one, you can use the Recreate button to recreate the image.

Warning: Replacing the current hard disk image by a blank one deletes all data stored on this disk image.

1 Click the Recreate button.

2 In the Disk Size field, specify the size of the new hard disk. You can type the value directly into the field or use the arrow buttons.

If you want the disk to be split into small pieces, select the Split option.

3 Select the type of the disk. Either of these options can be used:

Expanding disk. Disks of this type are small initially and grow in size as you add data to the virtual machines that use them.

Plain disk. Disks of this type have constant size from the moment they are created.

4 Click Create to recreate the disk.

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CD/DVD-ROM Settings To configure the virtual machine's CD/DVD-ROM drive settings, use the CD/DVD-ROM Settings pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog. Virtual CD/DVD-ROM drive can be connected either to the physical CD/DVD-ROM drive, or to an image of a CD/DVD disk.

Note: The real device and the image file can belong both to the host and the client computers.

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Select the Enabled option if you want the virtual machine to use this CD/DVD-ROM. To temporarily disable operations with this CD/DVD-ROM without removing it from the configuration, clear the Enabled check box.

Select the Connected option if you want the CD/DVD-ROM to be automatically connected to the virtual machine configuration at the virtual machine startup.

To emulate the virtual CD/DVD-ROM drive, you can connect a real CD/DVD-ROM device or a CD/DVD-ROM image file to the virtual machine.

Note: ISO, CCD, CUE, and DMG images of CD/DVD discs are supported.

Connecting a real device

To use a real device as the virtual machine's CD/DVD-ROM drive:

1 Select the Real Device option.

2 Select the computer that hosts the device from the Placement list.

Host Computer. Select this option if you want to use the real device located on the host computer.

Client Computer. Select this option if you want to use the real device located on the client computer.

3 Specify the device to connect by choosing it from the CD/DVD-ROM list.

4 Select the type of interface to connect the device. Two types are available:

IDE. Using this interface type, you can connect up to four virtual devices (hard disks or CD/DVD drives).

SCSI. Using this interface type, you can connect up to seven virtual devices (hard disks or CD/DVD drives).

Note: Red Hat Linux Enterprise 5 guest OS doesn't support the SCSI controller.

5 Select the device position in the Location list.

6 Click OK to apply the settings and close the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

Connecting an image file

To use an image file as the virtual machine's CD/DVD-ROM drive:

1 Select the Image File option.

2 Select the computer that hosts the image file from the Placement list.

Host Computer. Select this option if you want to use the image file located on the host computer.

Client Computer. Select this option if you want to use the image file located on the client computer.

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3 Type the path to the image file in the File field. You may use the Choose button to locate the file.

4 Select the type of interface to connect the image file. Two types are available:

IDE. Using this interface type, you can connect up to four virtual devices (hard disks or CD/DVD drives).

SCSI. Using this interface type, you can connect up to seven virtual devices (hard disks or CD/DVD drives).

Note: Red Hat Linux Enterprise 5 guest OS doesn't support the SCSI controller.

5 Select the position in the Location list.

6 Click OK to apply the settings and close the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

You can also connect an image file using the Device menu or the CD/DVD-ROM icon in the status bar. To connect an image, select either the server or the client CD/DVD-ROM and choose Connect Image.

Network Adapter Settings To manage the type of networking and the network adapters used in the virtual machine, use the Network Adapter pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

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Enabled. Select this option if you want to enable networking in the virtual machine. If you want to temporarily disable network support in the virtual machine without deleting the network adapter from configuration, clear the Enabled check box.

Note: If you start the virtual machine with the network adapter disabled, you cannot change this option when the virtual machine is running.

Connected. Select this option If you want your virtual machine to start up with this network adapter connected.

You can choose one of these types of networking for the virtual machine:

Shared Networking. Select this option if you want to provide Network Address Translation (NAT) feature to your virtual machine. Your virtual machine will share whatever network connection is used by your host computer. See Shared Networking (see page 122) to learn how to configure this type of networking.

Bridged Ethernet. Select this option if you want to access local network and Internet using one of the network adapters the host computer uses. A virtual machine is treated as a separate computer and should be configured the same way as a real one. See Bridged Ethernet Networking (see page 123) to learn more about this type of networking. You can choose the adapter to use from the list.

Note: In this version of Parallels Server, you cannot use the host Mac OS X computer's VLAN adapter in the virtual machine.

Host-only Networking. Select this option if you don't want your virtual machine to be accessible from the computers on the network, or if the network interfaces of your physical computer are off. With this option chosen, your virtual machine will be connected to the host computer and other virtual machines, but it will be disconnected from the Internet. For how to configure a host-only network, see Host-Only Networking.

To view or edit other Network Adapter settings, select Show advanced settings.

MAC address. Though virtual machine network adapter MAC address is generated automatically, you can change it using the Generate button.

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Parallel Port Settings In the Parallel Port Settings pane, you can edit the virtual machine's parallel port settings.

Note. You can connect up to three parallel ports to a virtual machine.

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Enabled. Select this option if you want to enable parallel port in the virtual machine. To temporarily disable parallel port in the virtual machine without deleting it from configuration, clear this option.

Note: If you start the virtual machine with the parallel port disabled, you cannot change this option when the virtual machine is running.

Connected. Select this option if you want your virtual machine to start up with the parallel port connected.

Parallel port can be emulated by:

Real Port. Select this option to connect parallel port of the physical computer to the virtual machine's parallel port. Specify the port in the Parallel Port field.

Printer. Select this option to connect printer using the virtual machine's parallel port, and choose the printer from the Printer list.

Output File. Select this option to emulate the parallel port by using an output file. The new output file with the default name is created in the virtual machine's folder and a path to it is displayed in the File field. If you want to use other output file, click the Choose button to locate the file.

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Serial Port Settings In the Serial Port Settings pane, you can edit the virtual machine's serial port settings.

Using serial ports, you can establish a connection between

the virtual machine and the physical host computer (using a real port) or between two virtual machines located on the same physical server (using a socket).

If you want to connect two virtual machines, you need to create a serial port, emulated by a socket, in each virtual machine. The names of the serial ports should be identical. The connection between the virtual machines via serial ports is bidirectional. It means, that the working modes of the sockets set during the creation of the ports, can be changed later in the Serial Port Settings pane. So, the virtual machine with the Server socket, used to direct the other virtual machine, can become the directed one having the Client socket, and vice versa.

You can add a serial port using Add Hardware Assistant. For the instruction on how to create a serial port, refer to Adding Serial Port (on page 115).

Note: You can connect up to four serial ports to a virtual machine.

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Enabled. Select this option if you want to enable serial port in the virtual machine. To temporarily disable serial port without deleting it from the configuration, clear this option.

Note: If you start the virtual machine with the serial port disabled, you cannot change this option when the virtual machine is running.

Connected. Select this option if you want your virtual machine to start up with serial port connected.

Serial port can be emulated by:

Real Port. Select this option to connect the virtual machine's serial port to the serial port of the physical computer. Choose the port from the Serial Port list.

Socket. Select this option to connect two virtual machines though the sockets. When connecting the virtual machine to the socket, you can use the default path to the socket or type a new in the Socket field. If you want to change the role of the virtual machine in the connection, change the socket mode to the other one in Mode field. The Server socket enables you to use this virtual machine to direct the other one. The Client socket enables you to direct this virtual machine from the other one.

Note: The socket mode of second virtual machine should also be changes.

Output File. Select this option to connect the virtual machine's serial port to an output file. The path to the default file is displayed in the File field. To locate another file, click Choose.

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Sound Settings In the Sound Settings pane, you can configure the sound device settings.

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Enabled. Select this option if you want to enable sound in the virtual machine. To temporarily disable operations with the sound device without deleting it from the configuration, clear this option.

Activateed. Select this option if you want sound devices to be activated automatically at startup.

Output device. Use the output list to choose the necessary device. You may choose:

Default. Select this option if you want to use the input device set as default in your primary OS.

Null device. Select this option if you want to mute the output device. Built-in output. Other output devices connected to your primary OS.

Input device. Use the input list to choose the necessary device. You may choose:

Default. Select this option if you want to use the input device set as default in your primary OS

Null device. Select this option if you want to mute the input device. Built-in input. Other input devices connected to your primary OS.

To view or edit additional settings, select the Show advanced settings check box.

Emulated device. Use the list of emulated devices to emulate the sound driver. You can emulate:

Creative Labs Sound Blaster 16, or AC'97 Audio for Intel® Audio Controller

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Intel VT-d PCI Device Settings To view and edit the settings of an intel VT-d PCI device used by the virtual machine, use the Intel VT-d PCI device pane of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

Enabled. Select this option to enable this PCI device in the virtual machine. If you want to temporarily disable the device, clear this option.

The PCI Device list displays the PCI devices available in the hardware configuration of the host computer. You may change the device connected to the virtual machine's PCI device by choosing it from the list.

Note: If you start the virtual machine with the PCI device disabled, you cannot change this option when the virtual machine is running.

For the instructions on adding Intel VT-d PCI devices to virtual machines, see Adding Intel VT-d PCI Device (see page 118).

For more information about using Intel VT-d PCI devices in Parallels virtual machines, see Using Intel VT-d PCI Devices in Parallels Virtual Machines (see page 120).

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Adding and Removing Devices Adding or removing a device to a virtual machine is easier than connecting new devices to a real computer. The following virtual devices can be added to the virtual machine configuration or removed from it:

virtual hard disk CD/DVD-ROM drive floppy disk drive network adapter serial port parallel port sound device generic PCI device

You can add these devices to the virtual machine configuration or remove some of them only when the virtual machine is not running.

Add Hardware Assistant You can add new devices using Add Hardware Assistant. The assistant allows you to add only one device at a time.

Note: To connect a virtual device to a real one, you must have system privileges to access the real device. Otherwise, the real device will not appear in the list of available devices even though it is installed on your computer.

To add a new device to the virtual machine:

1 Start Parallels Management Console.

2 Open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog by

Double-clicking the virtual machine's icon in the Parallels Management Console window sidebar.

Clicking the virtual machine's icon and choose Edit Configuration from the Summary tab of your virtual machine.

Configuring Virtual Machines 106

3 Click the Add button in the bottom part of the the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog. This launches Add Hardware Assistant.

4 The Select Device window displays the list of virtual hardware that can be added to this virtual machine. Select the device you want to add and click Continue.

Note: If the virtual machine already has the allowed number of devices of a particular type, this device's icon is dimmed in this window.

5 Follow the assistant's instructions to configure the device.

If you want to add a device with typical settings to the configuration, select the device and click the Add typical Device button.

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Adding Hard Disk You can add an existing hard disk image or create a new, blank one. In addition, you can create a new blank .fdd image and connect it to the floppy drive.

Note: A virtual machine can have up to four IDE devices (hard disk or CD/DVD-ROM drives) and seven SCSI devices.

To add a hard disk to the virtual machine

1 Start Parallels Management Console.

2 Open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog and launch Add Hardware Assistant by clicking the Add button in the bottom part of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

3 In the Select Device window, select Hard Disk. Click Continue.

To add a hard disk with typical configuration, choose the Hard Disk icon and click the Add Typical Device button. Thу Assistant will create a typical hard disk ready to use.

4 In the Add Hard Disk window, select the resource for the new virtual hard disk and click Continue. The following resources can be used:

New image. The Assistant will create a new image to emulate a hard disk.

Existing image file. The Assistant will find and use an existing image file to emulate a hard disk.

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5 If you selected the Existing image file option, go to step 6.

If you selected the New image option, set the virtual hard disk size and specify the disk format. Click Continue.

You can choose one of these formats for the disk: Expanding or Plain. If you want the virtual hard disk to be splitted, select the Splitted option. For more information, see the Virtual Disks Formats.

6 In the next window, specify the interface type for the hard disk or the hard disk image to be

connected.

If you selected the IDE option, you will be able to select the IDE number for the device from the Position list.

If you selected the SCSI option, you will be able to select the SCSI number for the device in the Position list.

Note: Red Hat Linux Enterprise 5 guest OS doesn't support the SCSI controller.

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Click Add Device. A new hard disk will be added.

After adding the disk, make sure that its file system is compatible with the guest OS installed in the virtual machine.

Adding CD/DVD-ROM Drive You can add a virtual CD/DVD-ROM drive connected to a real CD/DVD-ROM or an existing image file.

Note: A virtual machine can have up to four IDE devices (hard disks or CD/DVD-ROM drives) and seven SCSI devices (hard disks or CD/DVD-ROM drives).

To add a new CD/DVD-ROM drive to the virtual machine:

1 Start Parallels Management Console.

2 Open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog and launch Add Hardware Assistant by clicking the Add button in the bottom part of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

3 In the Select Device window, select CD/DVD-ROM. Click Continue.

Note: To automatically add a CD/DVD-ROM drive with typical configuration, click the Add Typical Device button. The Assistant will create a typical CD/DVD-ROM ready to use.

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4 In the Add CD/DVD-ROM window, select the resource for the new CD/DVD-ROM drive and click Continue. The following resources can be used:

Real device.

Image file.

Note: Parallels Server supports .iso, .cue, .ccd and .dmg (non compressed and non-encrypted) image files.

Select the real device or image file location from the Placement list. The possible locations are:

Host computer. Select this location if the device or image file is stored on the host computer.

Client Computer. Select this option if the device or image file is stored on the computer you are currently using computer.

If you want the device to be connected to the virtual machine automatically at startup, select the Connected option. If you clear this option, the drive will be enabled in the configuration, but not connected to the virtual machine. You can connect it later when running the virtual machine.

5 In the next window, if you have chosen to use a real device, select the device from the list,

or, if you have chosen to use an image file, type the path to the file, and specify the interface type for the CD/DVD-ROM device or image file to be connected.

IDE. Using this interface type, you can connect up to four virtual devices (hard disks or CD/DVD drives).

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SCSI. Using this interface type, you can connect up to seven virtual devices (hard disks or CD/DVD drives).

Note: Red Hat Linux Enterprise 5 guest OS doesn't support the SCSI controller.

Select the device position from the Position list, and click Add device.

A new virtual CD/DVD-ROM drive will be added.

Adding Floppy Disk Drive You can add an existing floppy disk image, a new one or a real floppy disk to your virtual machine.

To add a floppy disk to the virtual machine:

1 Start Parallels Management Console.

2 Open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog and launch Add Hardware Assistant by clicking the Add button in the bottom part of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

3 In the Select Device window, select Floppy Disk. Click Continue.

4 In the Add Floppy Disk window, select the resource for the new virtual hard disk and click Continue. The following resources can be used:

Real Floppy Disk. The Assistant will use a real disk to emulate hard disk.

Existing Image File. The Assistant will find and use an existing image file to emulate a hard disk.

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New Image File. The Assistant will create a new image to emulate a hard disk.

If you want the device to be connected to the virtual machine automatically at startup, select the Connect at startup option. If you clear this option, the drive will be enabled in the configuration, but not connected to the virtual machine. You can connect it later when running the virtual machine.

5 If you selected New image File, click Add Device to complete the procedure of adding a new floppy image file.

If you selected Existing Image File, specify the location of the image file and click Add Device to complete the procedure.

If you selected Real Floppy Disk, specify the drive of the real floppy disk and click Add Device to complete the procedure.

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Adding Network Adapter You can add up to ten network adapters to a virtual machine.

To add a network adapter to the virtual machine:

1 Start Parallels Management Console.

2 Open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog and launch Add Hardware Assistant by clicking the Add button in the bottom part of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

3 In the Select Device window, select Network Adapter and click Continue.

To add a network adapter with typical configuration, choose the Network Adapter icon and click the Add Typical Device button. The Assistant will add a typic network adapter ready to use.

4 In the Add Network Adapter window, select the type of networking you want to use in the virtual machine. The current version of Parallels Server offers the following types of networking:

Shared Networking

Bridged Networking (recommended)

Host-Only Networking

For more information about networking modes, refer to the Networking in Virtual Machine (see page 122) topic.

If you choose the Shared Networking or Host-Only Networking option, click Add Device. A new shared networking adapter will be added to the virtual machine.

Configuring Virtual Machines 114

If you choose the Bridged Networking option, click Continue. Proceed to step 5.

If you want the device to be connected to the virtual machine automatically at startup, select the Connected option. If you clear this option, the drive will be enabled in the configuration, but not connected to the virtual machine. You can connect it later when running the virtual machine.

5 Specify the virtual network adapter properties. The assistant prompts you to specify the adapter to use. Select the appropriate adapter from the Adapter to Bind list and specify the MAC address. Click Add Device.

Note: In this version of Parallels Server, you cannot use the host Mac OS X computer's VLAN adapter in the virtual machine.

Configuring Virtual Machines 115

Adding Serial Port You can add an existing or a newly created serial port connected to a real port, to a socket, or to an output file.

Note: Up to four serial ports can be added to the virtual machine configuration.

To add a serial port to the virtual machine:

1 Open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog and launch Add Hardware Assistant by clicking the Add button in the bottom part of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

2 In the Select Device window, select Serial Port and click Continue.

To add a serial port with typical configuration, click the Add Typical Device button. The Assistant will add a typical serial port ready to use.

3 In the Add Serial Port window, specify the resource to be used for serial port emulation and click Continue. The following resources can be used:

Real Port. Select this option to connect the virtual machine's serial port to the serial port of the physical computer.

Output File. Select this option to connect the virtual machine serial port to an output file. You will be able to locate the file in the next window.

Socket. Select this option to create and connect the virtual machine serial port to the socket of a virtual computer.

Configuring Virtual Machines 116

Note: When you connect two virtual machines via serial ports, both virtual machines should have serial ports, emulated by sockets with the identical names.

If you want the device to be connected to the virtual machine automatically at startup, select the Connected option. If you clear this option, the drive will be enabled in the configuration, but not connected to the virtual machine. You can connect it later when running the virtual machine.

4 In the next window, specify the resource properties and click Add Device.

If you have chosen Real Port, specify the port from the Serial Port list.

If you have chosen Output File, locate the file or use the default file specified in the Output File field.

If you have chosen Socket, you should specify the name and mode for it. The socket mode defines the role of the virtual machine in the connection and can be: Server or Client. The Server socket enables you to use this virtual machine to direct the other one. The Client socket enables you to direct this virtual machine from the other one.

Note: When you establish a connection between two virtual machines, one virtual machine socket should have the Server mode, and the other - the Client Mode.

Configuring Virtual Machines 117

Adding Parallel Port You can add an existing parallel port connected to a real port, to a printer, or to an output file.

Note: Up to three parallel ports can be added to the virtual machine configuration.

To add a parallel port to the virtual machine:

1 Open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog and launch Add Hardware Assistant by clicking the Add button in the bottom part of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

2 In the Select Device window, select Parallel Port and click Continue.

To add a parallel port with typical configuration, click the Add Typical Device button. The Assistant will add a typical parallel port ready to use.

3 In the Add Parallel Port window, specify the resource to be used for parallel port emulation and click Continue. The following resources can be used:

Output File. Select this option to emulate the parallel port by using an output file. The new output file with the default name is created in the virtual machine's folder. The next window of the Assistant displays a path to it in the File field. If you want to use another file, click the Choose button to locate the file.

Printer. Select this option to connect a printer using the virtual machine's parallel port, and choose the printer from the Printer list.

Configuring Virtual Machines 118

If you want the device to be connected to the virtual machine automatically at startup, select the Connected option. If you clear this option, the drive will be enabled in the configuration, but not connected to the virtual machine. You can connect it later when running the virtual machine.

4 In the next window, specify the resource properties and click Add Device.

Adding Intel VT-d PCI Device If the host computer's hardware includes Intel VT-d chipset, you can add a physical Intel VT-d PCI device to your virtual machine.

Note: Only PCI devices plugged into Windows physical computers are supported.

To add an Intel VT-d PCI device to the virtual machine

1 Open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog and launch Add Hardware Assistant by clicking the Add button in the bottom part of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

2 In the Select Device window, select Generic PCI and click Continue.

3 In the Add Intel VT-d PCI Device window, specify the device you want to add and click Add device.

Configuring Virtual Machines 119

4 When the PCI device is added to the virtual machine configuration, you need to start the virtual machine and install an appropriate driver for this PCI device. After that you will be able to use it with your virtual machine.

The maximum number of PCI devices you can add to your virtual machine is 10.

Removing Devices Most virtual machine devices can be removed from the configuration in the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

Note: You can disable any device, except the memory, without removing it from the configuration. For this, clear the Enabled option on the device's Settings pane in the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

To remove a device:

1 Open the virtual machine.

2 Open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

3 Select the device you want to remove and click the Remove button in the bottom part of the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog.

Note: If you accidentally press the Remove button , click the Cancel button in the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog. Once you click OK, the device will be removed.

Configuring Virtual Machines 120

Using Intel VT-d PCI Devices in Parallels Virtual Machines

Parallels virtual machines hosted by Widows physical computers with Intel VT-d chipset can directly access PCI devices plugged into the host computer hardware.

Intel VT-d technology provides Parallels virtual machines with the ability to access the host computer's hardware devices without using the resources of the primary OS.

Parallels virtual machines support these types of Intel VT-d PCI devices:

PCI sound card PCI video adapter PCI network adapter

To connect a PCI device to the virtual machine

1 In Parallels Management Console, connect to the Parallels Server that hosts the virtual machine.

2 Select the virtual machine in the sidebar, and choose Edit Configuration from the Virtual Machine menu.

3 In the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog, click the Add button to launch Add Hardware Assistant.

4 In the Welcome window, click Next. 5 In the Select Device window, select Intel VT-d PCI Device and click Next. 6 In the next window, select the device to connect to the virtual machine from the PCI Device

list and click Add Device. You may also type a brief description of the added device in the Description field.

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Note: If the PCI device is plugged into the physical computer, but doesn't appear in the PCI Device list, make sure that Intel VT-d is enabled in the host computer's BIOS.

7 The device will appear in the virtual machine configuration.

Once you have added the device to the virtual machine hardware, you need to start the virtual machine and install an appropriate driver for this PCI device. After that, you will be able to use this device directly from the guest OS. The primary OS won't have access to this device.

Note: You won't be able to use the PCI device in the virtual machine without having the appropriate driver installed in the guest operating system.

Configuring Virtual Machines 122

Networking in Virtual Machine Parallels virtual machine can be connected to a network using these types of networking:

Shared Networking. This type of networking allows the virtual machine to use the current network connections of your host computer.

Bridged Networking. This type of networking allows the virtual machine to use one of the host computer's network adapters, which makes it appear as a separate computer on the network the host computer belongs to.

Host-only Networking. This type of networking allows the virtual machine to access only the host computer, without being able to join other networks.

You may choose either type of networking for each of your virtual machines depending on your needs.

Shared Networking If you want you virtual machine to use one of your host computer network adapters

In this mode, your virtual machine can access the Internet while being invisible to other computers on the network (except the host computer). This mode doesn't require any additional configuring. Your virtual machine will share whatever network connection the host computer uses at the moment.

This mode is recommended in the following cases:

Your computer accesses the Internet via a modem or another non-Ethernet device. You want to access the Internet in a virtual machine but you are concerned about security. You have problems with Bridged Ethernet (see page 123) mode.

To configure Shared Networking for a Virtual Machine 1 Open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog for the virtual machine and select Network

Adapter in the sidebar.

2 In the Network Adapter pane, make sure that the Enabled option is selected and select the Shared Networking option.

3 Click OK to save the changes.

The virtual machine's MAC address is generated automatically, but you can change it using the Generate button.

Configuring Virtual Machines 123

Bridged Networking By default, virtual machine created during Windows Express or Typical installation uses Bridged Ethernet Networking mode for network connections. If your virtual machine uses this type of network connection, the virtual machine appears on the network as a stand-alone computer with its own IP address and network name.

To configure your virtual machine to use Bridged Ethernet mode

1 Open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog, and choose Network Adapter from the sidebar.

2 In the Network Adapter pane, select the Bridged Ethernet option.

3 Select the appropriate network adapter from the list. To connect the virtual machine's adapter to the active network adapter of your physical computer, choose Default Adapter. Click OK.

Note: In this version of Parallels Server, you cannot use the host Mac OS X computer's VLAN adapter in the virtual machine.

The virtual machine's MAC address is generated automatically, but you can change it using the Generate button.

Host-Only Networking Parallels Server provides a closed network accessible only to the host operating system and virtual machines running on it. The host operating system is connected to this network via Parallels Host-Only Networking adapter installed along with Parallels Server.

In a host-only network, IP addresses for machines are provided by Parallels DHCP server connected to Parallels Host-Only Networking Adapter.

To configure your virtual machine to use Host-only Networking

1 Open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog and choose Network Adapter from the sidebar.

2 In the Network Adapter pane, select the Host-only Networking option. Click OK.

The virtual machine's MAC address is generated automatically, but you can change it using the Generate button.

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Using Parallels Image Tool

Parallels Image Tool is a special utility that enables you to increase the capacity, change the type and format of your virtual hard disks, or merge snapshots of virtual machines that use these virtual hard disks. This utility is a part of Parallels Server package, and is automatically installed during Parallels Server installation.

Note: The current version of Parallels Image Tool can be installed on Mac OS X host computers only.

In This Chapter Working with Parallels Image Tool ...................................................................................... 125 Using the Added Space ......................................................................................................... 132 Virtual Hard Disk Types ....................................................................................................... 135

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Working with Parallels Image Tool With Parallels Image Tool, you can increase the capacity, change properties or format of an existing virtual hard disk image that is not used by any running virtual machine. To learn more about the virtual hard disks types and formats, refer to Virtual Hard Disks Types (see page 135).

In This Chapter Starting Parallels Server Image Tool .................................................................................... 125 Increasing Virtual Hard Disk Size ........................................................................................ 125 Changing Virtual Hard Disk Type ........................................................................................ 127 Changing Virtual Hard Disk Format..................................................................................... 129

Starting Parallels Server Image Tool In the current version, the Parallels Server Image Tool utility can be launched from the host computer only.

To launch the Parallels Server Image Tool utility, perform the following:

In the Finder, open the /Applications/Parallels/ folder and launch the Parallels Server Image Tool application.

Increasing Virtual Hard Disk Size If you find that the capacity of your virtual machine's hard disk doesn't fit your needs anymore, you can increase it using Parallels Server Image Tool.

Warning: If you have Parallels Tools installed on your virtual hard disk, remove them before processing the disk. To increase the capacity of the virtual hard disk

1 Start Parallels Server Image Tool.

2 In the Introduction window, click Continue.

3 In the Source Virtual Disk Image File window, specify the path to the hard disk image file to be increased and click Continue. You may type the path or use the Choose button to locate the file.

Warning: If you choose a hard disk used by virtual machine that has snapshots, all the snapshots, except the last one, will be deleted.

Using Parallels Image Tool 126

4 In the Select Action window, choose Increase the disk capacity and click Continue.

5 In the Virtual Disk Capacity window, specify the new capacity for the disk and click Start.

Use arrow buttons to set the required capacity.

Note. If the virtual hard disk image file you specified is in old format, it will be automatically converted to the new format.

Using Parallels Image Tool 127

6 You can view the operation progress in the Processing the File window. Clicking Cancel terminates the operation.

7 After the disk image is modified, the Execution is Completed window appears. Click Finish to close the assistant.

In the guest operating system installed in the virtual machine, the added space appears as unallocated space. You should allocate it before you can use it. For instructions on allocating the added space, see Using the Added Space (see page 132).

Changing Virtual Hard Disk Type With Parallels Server Image Tool, you can manage the properties of your virtual machine hard disk. You can change the virtual hard disk type from plain (see page 135) to expanding (see page 135) and vice versa, split or merge the disk parts, or merge snapshots of the virtual machine that uses this virtual hard disk.

Warning: If you have Parallels Tools installed on your virtual hard disk, remove them before processing the disk.

To change the type of the virtual hard disk

1 Start Parallels Server Image Tool.

2 In the Introduction window, click Continue.

3 In the Source Virtual Disk Image File window, specify the hard disk image file to be modified and click Continue. You may type the path and file name or use the Choose button to locate the file.

4 In the Select Action window, choose Manage Disk Properties and click Continue.

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5 In the Select Operations window, select the operation you want to perform on the disk, and click Start. You can select several options.

If the virtual hard disk image you specified is an expanding virtual hard disk, the Split virtual hard disk image file option is selected by default.

If it is a plain disk, the Convert to Expanding option is selected by default.

If the hard disk image you selected has snapshots, the Merge snapshots option is selected by default. You cannot clear this option.

Note: If the virtual hard disk image file you specified is in old format, it will be automatically converted to the new format.

6 You can view the operation progress in the Processing the File window. Clicking Cancel terminates the operation.

7 After the disk image is modified, the Execution is Completed window appears. Click Finish to close the assistant.

Using Parallels Image Tool 129

Changing Virtual Hard Disk Format If you want to use your virtual machine with other Parallels virtualization products, including Parallels Workstation and Parallels Desktop, use Parallels Server Image Tool to convert this virtual machine's hard disk image file to the old format. Image Tool can be also used to convert virtual hard disk image files created with other Parallels virtualization products, like Parallels Desktop 2.5 and 3.0 to the new format, supported in Parallels Server.

Warning: If you have Parallels Tools installed on your virtual hard disk, remove them before processing the disk.

To change virtual hard disk image file format

1 Start Parallels Server Image Tool.

2 In the Introduction window, click Continue.

3 In the Source Virtual Disk Image File window, specify the hard disk image file you want to convert and click Continue. You may type the path and file name or use the Choose button to locate the file.

4 In the Select Action window, choose Convert the virtual hard disk file to the old format or Convert the virtual hard disk file to the new format. Click Start

Using Parallels Image Tool 130

5 If you are converting the disk to the new format, go to the next step.

If you are converting the disk to the old format, you may need to reconfigure the guest OS installed on it. To do that, you will need the installation media for the guest OS installed on the disk. You may insert it into the CD/DVD-ROM drive of your computer or select the installation media to use in the More Options area. When finished, click Start.

6 You can view the operation progress in the Processing the File window. Clicking Cancel

terminates the operation.

Using Parallels Image Tool 131

7 After the disk image file is modified, the Execution is Completed window appears. Click Finish to close the assistant.

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Using the Added Space As you increase the capacity of your virtual hard disk, the added space appears in the virtual machine as an unallocated space. To use this additional unallocated space, you can either create a new partition on this unallocated space, or expand one of the partitions you already have. The way of allocating the partitions is different for Windows and Linux guest operating systems.

This chapter provides some general guidelines on creating a new partition in Windows and Linux guest operating systems.

In This Chapter Creating New Partition in Windows ..................................................................................... 132 Creating New Partition in Linux ........................................................................................... 133

Creating New Partition in Windows To create a new partition on the unallocated space of your virtual hard disk, you can use Disk Management, a Windows build-in utility for partitioning the hard disk(s). The steps below provide instructions on partitioning the added space in Windows XP. For other Windows operating systems, the procedure will be very similar to this one.

To create a new partition on Windows XP

1 Start the virtual machine that uses the enlarged virtual disk.

2 To start the Disk Management utility, choose Control Panel from the Start menu. Double-click Administrative Tools, and open Computer Management. In the Storage section, select Disk Management. or

Choose Run from the Start menu and type: diskmgmt.msc

Click OK.

Using Parallels Image Tool 133

3 In the Disk Management window, right-click Unallocated Capacity and choose New Partition from the shortcut menu.

4 In the New Partition wizard Introduction window, click Next. 5 In the Select Partition Type window, select Primary partition and click Next. 6 Specify the partition size and click Next. 7 Assign a drive letter for the new partition and click Next. 8 In the Format partition window, select Format partition with the following settings. Set File

system to NTFS and Allocation unit size to Default. Type the volume name in the Volume label field and click Next.

9 Carefully review the settings and click Finish to start formatting.

When the operation is completed, the new volume appears in the Computer Management window and in My Computer.

Creating New Partition in Linux In most Linux systems, you can use the fdisk utility to create a new partition and to do other disk management operations.

Note: To be able to execute the commands necessary to create a new partition on Linux, you must have root privileges.

As a tool with a text interface, fdisk requires typing the commands on the fdisk command line. The following fdisk commands may be helpful:

Options Description m Displays the available commands.

p Displays the list of existing partitions on your hda drive. Unpartitioned space is not listed.

n Creates a new partition.

q Exits fdisk without saving your changes.

l Lists partition types.

w Writes changes to partition table.

To create a new partition on Linux

1 Start terminal.

2 Start fdisk using the following command: /sbin/fdisk /dev/hda

where /dev/hda stands for the hard drive that you want to partition.

Using Parallels Image Tool 134

3 In fdisk, to create a new partition, type the following command: n

When prompted to specify the Partition type, type p to create a primary partition or e to create an extended one. There may be up to four primary partitions. If you want to create more than four partitions, make the last partition extended, and it will be a container for other logical partitions.

When prompted for the Number, in most cases, type 3 because a typical Linux virtual machine has two partitions by default.

When prompted for the Start cylinder, type a starting cylinder number or press Return to use the first cylinder available.

When prompted for the Last cylinder, press Return to allocate all the available space or specify the size of a new partition in cylinders if you do not want to use all the available space.

By default, fdisk creates a partition with a System ID of 83. If you’re unsure of the partition’s System ID, use the

l

command to check it.

4 Use the w

command to write the changes to the partition table.

5 Restart the virtual machine by entering reboot

command.

6 When restarted, create a file system on the new partition. We recommend that you use the same file system as on the other partitions. In most cases it will be either Ext3 or ReiserFS file system. For example, to create an Ext3 file system, enter the following command:

/sbin/mkfs -t ext3 /dev/hda3

7 Create a directory that will be a mount point for the new partition. For example, to name it data, enter:

mkdir /data

8 Mount the new partition to the directory you just created by using the following command: mount /dev/hda3 /data

9 Make changes in your static file system information by editing the /etc/fstab file in any of the available text editors. For example, add the following string to this file:

/dev/hda3 /data ext3 defaults 0 0

In this string /dev/hda3 is the partition you have just created, /data is a mount point for the new partition, Ext3 is the file type of the new partition. For the exact meaning of other items in this string, consult the Linux documentation for the mount and fstab commands.

10 Save the /etc/fstab file.

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Virtual Hard Disk Types This chapter provides basic information on the types of virtual hard disks used in Parallels virtual machines.

Expanding Disks

An expanding disk is small initially and grows as you add applications and data to the virtual hard disk in the guest OS. The size specified when the disk was created is the maximum size of the disk. Using disks in this format saves space on the hard disk of your host computer.

Plain Disks

The file that stores an image of a plain virtual disk resides in the primary operating system, and has constant size from the moment it is created. You can create a plain disk when creating a virtual machine in Custom mode.

Split disks

Both plain and expanding virtual hard disks can be single-piece disks or split disks. By default, a split disk is cut into 2 GB pieces, but is stored as a single HDD file. Split disks allow you to transfer the data stored on a split disk piece by piece using a USB drive or other media that has limited space and cannot store a large image file.

Disks in Old Format

Disks in old format are created and used in other Parallels virtualization products.

Disks in New Format

Disks in new format are created and used in Parallels Server.

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Using Parallels Explorer

Parallels Explorer is an easy-to-use tool designed for organizing the contents of your Parallels and third-party virtual machines in your host computer. It enables you to view and change data stored inside a virtual machine without even starting it. Also, you can move files and folders between your host computer and a powered off virtual machine. With Parallels Explorer, you can save your time and computer resources on routine operations. You can as well use Parallels Mounter – an utility specially designed for browsing your virtual machines and virtual hard disks directly in the Finder. Parallels Explorer and Parallels Mounter are provided as a part of the Parallels Server package and don't require separate installation.

In This Chapter Interface Basics ..................................................................................................................... 137 Supported File Formats ......................................................................................................... 139 Supported File Systems......................................................................................................... 140 Working with Parallels Server Explorer ............................................................................... 141 Usage Cases .......................................................................................................................... 149 Troubleshooting .................................................................................................................... 152 Hot Key Combinations.......................................................................................................... 153

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Interface Basics Parallels Explorer features the intuitive interface that helps you make your work with virtual machine contents comfortable and easy.

Parallels Explorer consists of the following elements:

Working area Menu bar Toolbar Sidebar

Working area

The working area displays the contents of your virtual machines or virtual disks in one of the three view modes: Icon, Tree and Column. To learn more about view modes, refer to Changing View Modes (see page 144).

Menu bar

The Menu bar consists of six menus at the top of the screen:

Parallels Explorer menu. The menu lets you access the About Parallels Explorer dialog and some commands, generic for all Mac applications.

File menu. The menu lets you open your virtual machines and virtual disks, handle their contents, and manage Parallels Explorer.

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View menu. The menu lets you change the way items are displayed in the working area and refresh the contents of the working area.

Edit menu. The menu lets you modify the contents of your virtual machines and virtual disks.

Window menu. The menu lets you control the Parallels Explorer window.

Help menu. The menu lets you access the product documentation.

Toolbar

The Toolbar contains buttons that give you access to instant actions:

the Back and Forward buttons for moving between already browsed folders.

the Path button for viewing the path to the current folder and jumping to any location in the path.

the View mode buttons for changing Parallels Explorer appearance.

the Action button for modifying items.

Sidebar

The Sidebar contains two tabs for quick access to the contents of virtual machines and disks:

Virtual Machines tab. Click this tab to see all virtual machines stored on your Mac.

Virtual Disks tab. Click this tab to see all virtual disks stored on your Mac.

When you select a tab, it is highlighted in the sidebar.

When you choose a virtual machine or a hard disk in the working area, its icon appears in the sidebar. To remove the icon, click the eject button next to the icon.

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Supported File Formats Parallels Server Explorer supports the following formats:

HDD and PVS by Parallels VMDK, VMX and VMwarevm by VMware® VHD and VPC (VPC 6, VPC 7) by Microsoft®.

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Supported File Systems Parallels Server Explorer supports the following virtual disk file systems:

FAT16/32 NTFS Ext2/Ext3

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Working with Parallels Server Explorer

This chapter provides Parallels Server Explorer usage guidelines for accessing and modifying the contents of your virtual machines without starting them.

In This Chapter Viewing Virtual Machine Contents ...................................................................................... 141 Changing View Modes.......................................................................................................... 144 Managing Files and Folders in Virtual Machine................................................................... 145 Using Parallels Server Mounter ............................................................................................ 147

Viewing Virtual Machine Contents When Parallels Server Explorer starts, it automatically detects all virtual machines on your hard disk and displays them in the working area.

Note: Parallels Server Explorer doesn't allow to browse BootCamp partitions used by virtual machines.

Using Parallels Explorer 142

To browse the contents of a virtual machine

1 Click Virtual Machines in the sidebar and double-click the file of the virtual machine you want to browse. When you double-click a virtual machine, an icon for it appears in the sidebar for easy access in the future. To remove the icon from the sidebar, click the eject button next to the item's name.

If Parallels Server Explorer cannot detect a virtual machine (for example, when it is stored remotely), choose Edit ->Virtual Machine from the menu bar, specify the virtual machine configuration file and click Open. If you want to browse a suspended virtual machine, choose the action you want to perform: Open to view. You will be able to browse the contents in the read-only mode.

Open to modify. You will be able to browse the contents in the read-and-write mode.

Warning: If you attempt to modify the contents of a suspended virtual machine, it is automatically stopped. The modifications you perform, will be saved.

2 When you click a virtual machine icon, the list of the volumes used by the virtual machine appears in the working area. Double-click the volume you want to explore.

To browse the contents of a single virtual disk

1 Make sure the virtual disk you want to browse is not used by a running virtual machine.

Warning: If you attempt to modify the contents of a suspended virtual machine, it is automatically stopped. The modifications you perform, will be saved.

2 Click Virtual Disks in the sidebar and double-click the virtual disk file you want to browse. When you double-click a virtual disk, icons for its volumes appear in the sidebar for easy access in the future. To remove the icon from the sidebar, click the eject button next to the volume's name.

If Parallels Explorer cannot detect a virtual disk (for example, when it is stored remotely), choose Edit ->Virtual Disk from the menu bar, specify the virtual disk file and click Open.

3 When you click a virtual disk icon, the list of its volumes appears in the working area. Double-click the volume you want to explore.

Note: If you need more than one Parallels Explorer window to browse virtual disks, choose File>New Window from the menu bar.

Using Parallels Explorer 143

When browsing your virtual machine, you may find it useful to view the path to the current

folder. To view the path, click the Path button in the toolbar. For example, if the folder Wallpaper is located on Volume 1 in the Microsoft Windows XP virtual machine, the path to this folder will be: My Documents\Administrator\Documents and Settings\Volume (1)\Windows XP. In Windows this path will be shown as: [disk drive letter]:My Documents\Administrator\Documents and Settings\Volume (1)\Windows XP.

To go to one of the listed folders, select it in the drop-down list.

To go one folder back or forward, use the Back and Forward toolbar buttons.

To get general information about a virtual machine, virtual hard disk, volume, folder or file, right-click (Control-click) it and choose Get Info from the shortcut menu.

Using Parallels Explorer 144

Changing View Modes On Mac, you can change the way files and folders appear in Parallels Server Explorer with the

help of the View mode buttons . Use this buttons to switch between the following view modes:

Icon View. In this mode, you can see the contents of only one folder. To explore a subfolder, double-click it. The items are arranged by name.

Tree View. In this mode, you can see the hierarchical structure of your folder. Click the folders marked with a triangle to unfold them and access their subfolders. The items can be arranged by name, date, size, and kind.

Column View. In this mode, you can see the contents of a folder displayed as a list. The items are arranged by name. Clicking a subfolder shows its contents in the column to the right.

When you click a button, it is highlighted.

When managing items in your virtual machine, you may need to see the most up-to-date contents of the working area. To do this, choose Refresh from the View menu.

If you need to hide the toolbar, choose View ->Hide Toolbar from the menu bar or click the Toolbar Control button.

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Managing Files and Folders in Virtual Machine Parallels Server Explorer lets you effectively organize files and folders. Also, you can open and edit items with associated applications. For the instructions on accessing the contents of virtual hard disks and virtual machines, read Viewing Virtual Machine Contents (see page 141).

Note: If you attempt to modify the contents of a suspended virtual machine, it is automatically stopped. The modifications you perform, will be saved.

Using menus for handling contents

Parallels Server Explorer enables you to perform a number of operations with items using the File and Edit menus in the menu bar, the Actions button in the tool bar, and the shortcut menu. To open a shortcut menu, right-click (Control-click) the item.

Use the File menu to:

create new folders (the New Folder command); open items (the Open command); open files in a specific application (the Open with submenu); get information about items (the Get info command); delete items (the Delete command); rename items (the Rename command);

Use the Edit menu to:

copy items (the Copy command); select all items within a folder (the Select all command); paste items (the Paste command);

Use the Action button to:

create new folders (the New Folder command); open items (the Open command); get information about items (the Get Info command); choose the program to open the file (the Open with command); delete items (the Delete command); copy items (the Copy command); rename items (the Rename command);

Use the shortcut menu to:

open items (the Open command); get information about items (the Get Info command); choose the program to open the file (the Open with command); delete items (the Delete command); copy items (the Copy command); rename items (the Rename command);

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Managing contents

Use these guidelines for viewing and organizing the contents of your virtual machine.

To open an item:

double-click it, or right-click(Control-click) it and choose Open from the shortcut menu, or select it, click the Action button and choose Open from the drop-down menu.

To use a specific program to open a file:

go to File -> Open with and choose the program from the list.

To copy an item:

drag it to the folder where you want to place it, or right-click (Control-click) it and choose Copy from the shortcut menu, or select it, click

the Action button and choose Copy. Go to the folder where you want to put the item and choose Paste from the shortcut menu.

To rename an item:

select it and choose Rename from the File menu, or select it, click the Action button and choose Rename from the drop-down menu.

To delete an item:

right-click (Control-click) it and choose Delete from the shortcut menu, or select it, click the Action button and choose Delete from the drop-down menu.

To create a new folder:

go to the location where you want to add a new folder and choose New Folder from the File menu, or

click the Action button and choose New Folder from the drop-down menu.

Note: To select all objects within a folder, from the Edit menu, choose Select all.

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Using Parallels Server Mounter Using Parallels Server Mounter, you can mount virtual hard disks and view the contents of your virtual machines directly in your host computer browser. You can use Parallels Server Mounter either together with Parallels Server Explorer or independently from it. But unlike Parallels Server Explorer, Parallels Server Mounter doesn't support VMware and Microsoft virtual machine files. Parallels Server Mounter is automatically installed along with Parallels Server and placed into the following folder:

On Mac OS X host: /Library/Parallels/.

To browse the contents of a virtual machine or a virtual disk with Parallels Mounter

1 Locate the virtual machine's PVS or HDD file in your host computer browser.

2 If you want to mount a virtual hard disk, double-click its HDD file to launch Parallels Server Mounter.

To mount the hard disk of a particular virtual machine, right-click its PVS file and choose Open with > Parallels Server Mounter from the shortcut menu.

Note: If you choose a PVS file of a virtual machine that has several virtual hard disks, all its volumes will appear as mounted in the browser.

3 The icons for the selected hard disk or virtual machine volumes appear in the sidebar of the

browser window, together with other icons.

4 To view the contents of a volume, click its icon in the browser window.

You can manage the virtual machine files just as you manage your files in the browser windows.

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Note: You can delete, move, or otherwise modify the files of a suspended virtual machine if you open its HDD file using the To modify option

5 To eject the volume on Mac, use the Eject button next to the disk icon.

Note: If you want to use Parallels Server to open a mounted hard disk with several volumes or the virtual machine that uses this hard disk, you should disconnect its volumes one by one by clicking the Eject button.

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Usage Cases Parallels Server Explorer is an easy-to-use application that bridges your virtual machines and the host computer. Now, if you want just to edit a document or watch a movie stored inside a virtual machine, you don't have to start a virtual machine. This chapter offers some usage scenarios that can help you save your time and host computer resources when managing files in a powered off virtual machine.

In This Chapter Exchanging Data between Host Computer and Virtual Machine ......................................... 149 Working with Virtual Machine Contents .............................................................................. 150 Exchanging Data between Different Virtual Machines ........................................................ 151

Exchanging Data between Host Computer and Virtual Machine When using Parallels Server Explorer, you don’t need to start a virtual machine and set up Shared Folders just to copy a file from a virtual disk to the host computer. Parallels Server Explorer enables you to exchange pictures, documents and any other data between your host computer and virtual machines.

If you want to configure Shared Folders, refer to the Virtual Machine Configuration.

To copy a file from a virtual machine to host computer

1 Open Parallels Server Explorer window.

2 Click the Virtual Machines icon in the sidebar.

3 In the working area, choose the virtual machine that stores the file. The list of volumes used by the virtual machine appears.

4 Choose the volume where the file is stored.

5 Browse the volume to find the file.

6 In the browser, open the folder where you want place the file.

7 Drag the file from the Parallels Server Explorer working area to the browser window.

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Working with Virtual Machine Contents Parallels Server Explorer lets you watch your favorite movies, playback audio tracks, and work with files stored inside a powered off virtual machine, without moving them to the host computer operating system. Now, with a few clicks, you can open and edit a file stored inside virtual machine that is not running.

To open the file stored in the virtual machine

1 Open the Parallels Explorer window.

2 In the sidebar, click the Virtual Machines icon.

3 In the working area, double-click the virtual machine containing the file. A list of volumes used by the virtual machine appears.

4 Choose the volume where the file is saved.

5 Browse the volume to find the file.

6 Double-click the file to open it.

7 The file opens in the default application. If you want to open it with another program, right-click the file, choose the application from the Open with menu.

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Exchanging Data between Different Virtual Machines Parallels Server Explorer multiwindow mode makes it easy to manage the contents of different virtual machines. Now, you can copy data from one virtual machine to another by simply dragging it. Since Parallels Server Explorer supports not only Parallels file formats, you can also exchange data between Parallels virtual machines and third-party virtual machines.

To copy a file from a third-party virtual machine to a Parallels virtual machine

1 Open the Parallels Server Explorer window.

2 Click the Virtual Machines icon in the sidebar.

3 Choose the third-party virtual machine where the file will be placed in the working area. The list of volumes used by the virtual machine appears.

4 Choose the volume where the file is stored.

5 Choose New Window from the File menu. One more Parallels Explorer window opens.

6 In the working area, choose the Parallels virtual machine that stores the file. The list of volumes used by the virtual machine appears.

7 Choose the volume where the copied file will be placed.

8 Open the destination folder.

9 To copy a file, drag it from the third-party virtual machine window to the Parallels virtual machine window.

To copy a file from one Parallels virtual machine to another Parallels virtual machine

1 Open the Parallels Server Explorer window.

2 Click the Virtual Machines icon in the side bar.

3 In the working area, choose the virtual machine that stores the file. The list of volumes used by the virtual machine appears.

4 Choose the volume where the file is stored.

5 Choose New Window from the File menu.

6 In a new Parallels Server Explorer window, click the Virtual Machines icon in the sidebar.

7 Choose the virtual machine where the file will be placed in the working area. The list of volumes used by the virtual machine appears.

8 Choose the volume where the copied file will be placed.

9 Open the destination folder.

10 To copy a file, drag it from the first virtual machine window to the second virtual machine window.

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Troubleshooting This chapter provides troubleshooting information for the known issues. If you encountered an issue not described here, visit Parallels support team web page http://www.parallels.com/en/support/ or log us a support call.

In This Chapter Copying Data to Virtual Hard Disk ...................................................................................... 152

Copying Data to Virtual Hard Disk Parallels Server Mounter allows you not only to view the contents of virtual machines and their virtual hard disks, but also to copy data and files from the physical hard disk to the virtual hard disk and vice versa.

When copying data to a virtual hard disk, you should keep in mind what format of the virtual hard disk your virtual machine has.

If it is a plain hard disk, its size is fixed and won't be enlarged by the copied files. Before copying, make sure that the virtual hard disk has enough free space for the files.

Note: If the volume of the copied files is larger than the free space on the virtual hard disk, the process of copying won't be completed and you will see the corresponding message.

If it is an expanding hard disk, its size can enlarge with the increase of files copied to it. In this case, before starting copying, make sure that your physical hard disk has enough free space for the virtual hard disk to expand.

Warning: In case the physical hard disk cannot provide enough free space for the expanding virtual hard disk, you will be informed that the process of copying cannot be completed. The interrupted copying process may lead to the corruption of the file system on a virtual machine.

To learn more about the hard disk formats and their peculiarities, refer to the Support of Virtual and Real Media topic, Parallels Server Administration Guide.

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Hot Key Combinations These hot key combinations may be useful to you if you prefer using keyboard for working with Parallels Explorer. This is a list of commands and corresponding key combinations used in Parallels Explorer.

Command Hot Key Combination

Open New Window Apple+N

Create New Folder Shift+Apple+N

Open New VM Shift+Apple+O

Open New Virtual Disk Option+Apple+O

Open Apple+O

Close Window Apple+W

Get Info Apple+I

Copy Apple+C

Paste Apple+V

Select All Apple+A

View as Icons Apple+1

View as Tree Apple+2

View as Columns Apple+3

Refresh Apple+R

Hide Toolbar Option+Apple+T

Minimize Apple+M

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Using Parallels Compressor

Parallels Compressor® is an easy-to-use Parallels tool which will help you keep your virtual machines efficient for many purposes.

Note: Parallels Compressor is not available for the virtual machines that use the Boot Camp partition. The Run Parallels Compressor menu command is disabled.

Parallels Compressor allows users to:

Effectively clean up disk space in a virtual machine. Significantly reduce the size of virtual hard disks files. Efficiently use the resources of a physical hard disk.

Warning: Compressing of virtual machine cannot be performed if the virtual machine has the Undo disks option enabled, or if it has snapshots. Compressing is also unavailable for the virtual machines with all disks in plain format.

If, nevertheless, you want to compress the virtual machine that has snapshots, delete all the snapshots with Snapshot Manager before you start compressing the virtual machine's disks.

To compress the virtual machine with Undo disks, first disable the Undo disks feature in Configuration Editor.

To start Parallels Compressor

Before starting the utility, perform the following steps:

1 Back up your virtual machine by cloning it or by copying its hard disk files to a safe location.

This will allow you to restore your virtual machine in case you do not like the results of the compression.

Warning: The result of virtual machine compression is irreversible.

2 Check the hard disk for errors by running the chkdsk.exe utility.

3 Make sure your virtual machine configuration includes the CD/DVD-ROM drive.

If it does not:

turn off the virtual machine,

open the Configuration Editor,

add a CD/DVD-ROM drive into the configuration,

on the CD/DVD-ROM Options tab make sure that the Enabled check box is selected.

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4 Choose Run Parallels Compressor from the Actions menu. This command connects the Parallels Compressor ISO image file to the CD/DVD-ROM drive of the virtual machine.

Warning: Do not disconnect the Parallels Compressor ISO file from the CD/DVD-ROM of your machine until the process of compression is complete.

In This Chapter How Parallels Compressor Processes the Virtual Machine .................................................. 155 Guest OS System Requirements ........................................................................................... 156 Running Parallels Compressor.............................................................................................. 156 Options of Parallels Compressor .......................................................................................... 158 Compression in Automatic Mode ......................................................................................... 167 Parallels Compressor Wizard................................................................................................ 169 Further Reducing the Disk .................................................................................................... 175

How Parallels Compressor Processes the Virtual Machine

Compressor processes virtual machines in the following way:

Deletes unnecessary files on the current system. Defragments virtual disks and cleans up the unused space. Compacts virtual hard disks.

The actions performed on your particular virtual machine depend upon the running mode:

In automatic mode Parallels Compressor compresses only the current system disk performing a predefined set of actions.

In manual mode you are able to choose the disks to compress and actions to perform.

More about running modes and other Compressor properties can be found below in the Options of Parallels Compressor (see page 158) section.

Steps of the Compression Procedure

Parallels Compressor is designed to perform the most efficient compression of a virtual machine. The procedure consists of two steps:

a preparatory step performed in the guest operating system (deleting temporary and unnecessary files, defragmenting virtual disks and cleaning unused disk space).

a compacting step (reducing the size of the virtual hard disk file performed in the primary operating system).

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Guest OS System Requirements Parallels Compressor supports the following guest operating systems:

Windows Vista® Ultimate (x32, x64) Windows Server 2008 (x32, x64) Windows Server® 2003 Standard Edition SP0, SP1, SP2 (x32, x64) Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition SP0, SP1, SP2 (x32, x64) Windows Server 2003 Web Edition SP0, SP1 Windows XP Professional SP0, SP1, SP2 (x32, x64) Windows XP Home SP0, SP1, SP2 Windows 2000 Professional Edition Windows 2000 Server Windows 2000 Advanced Server

Running Parallels Compressor

Before Starting Parallels Compressor

Before starting the utility perform the following steps:

1 Back up your virtual machine by cloning it or by copying its hard disk files to a safe location.

This will allow you to restore your virtual machine in case you do not like the results of the compression.

Warning. The result of virtual machine compression is irreversible.

2 Make sure your virtual machine configuration includes the CD/DVD-ROM drive.

If it does not:

1. Turn off the virtual machine,

2. Choose Edit Configuration from the Virtual Machine menu. Open the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog,

3. In the Virtual Machine Configuration dialog, click the Add button and follow the assistant to add a CD/DVD-ROM drive to the virtual machine configuration.

3 Locate the Parallels Compressor ISO image and connect it to the virtual machine's CD/DVD-ROM drive.

The Parallels Compressor ISO image is installed with Parallels Server application and can be found in the following locations by default:

On Mac OS X host: /Library/Parallels/Tools/ParallelsCompressor.iso.

Using Parallels Compressor 157

On Windows XP host: C:\Program Files\Parallels\Parallels Server\Tools\ParallelsCompressor.iso.

On Linux host: /usr/share/parallels-server/tools/ParallelsCompressor.iso.

Starting Parallels Compressor 1 Power on the virtual machine you want to compress.

2 Log in to the guest operating system as a user with administrator rights.

Note. To run Parallels Compressor in a virtual machine you must have administrator rights in the guest operating system.

3 Parallels Compressor will be automatically launched from the ISO image connected to the virtual machine's CD/DVD-ROM drive.

Running Parallels Compressor

Parallels Compressor has the following running modes:

Automatic. The default mode. In this mode, Compressor uses the default compression options.

Manual. Parallels Compressor runs as a wizard which helps you select the options of virtual machine compression.

When you start Parallels Compressor, the ISO file with Parallels Compressor, connected to the virtual CD/DVD-ROM, displays the dialog box with a time indicator. The time indicator shows the time remaining until Parallels Compressor will run in automatic mode (timeout is about 10 seconds).

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To run Parallels Compressor:

in automatic mode, don't do anything, just wait until the timeout expires. Detailed information about running Compressor in this mode is given in the Compression in Automatic Mode topic.

in manual mode, press the ESC key or click the Manual Mode button on the dialog box before the timeout expires. Detailed information about running Compressor in this mode is given in the Parallels Compressor Wizard topic.

After Compressing Is Finished

When Parallels Compressor finishes its work, disconnect the Parallels Compressor ISO image from the virtual machine.

Note. Do not perform this action when Parallels Compressor is running. If the ISO file is disconnected during the process, the virtual machine may behave unpredictably.

To get an idea of what else you can do to decrease the sizes of virtual hard disks, refer to Further Reducing the Disk (see page 175).

Options of Parallels Compressor This section describes in detail all the options of Parallels Compressor available in manual mode.

Using Parallels Compressor 159

Running Modes Parallel Compressor has two running modes:

Automatic. Default running mode. In automatic mode, Compressor performs Express Compression without prompting the user to confirm operations.

Manual. Compressor runs as a wizard which helps you choose various compression options.

Once launched, Compressor displays the dialog box with a time indicator showing the time remaining until Compressor will run in automatic mode.

To run Compressor in automatic mode don't do anything, just wait.

To run Compressor in manual mode press the ESC key or click the Manual mode button before the timeout expires.

Command-line keys for Compressor

The current version of Parallels Compressor has the following keys:

/A - to start the program in automatic running mode; /G <cmdline> - to start third-party defragmentation tool instead of the tool used by Parallels

Compressor, <cmdline> stands for the path and name of such tool; /H - to open the Help panel with the list of available keys; /S - to run Compressor in completely non-interactive mode ("silent mode").

Comments to command-line format

The program name and key are separated by a space. If spaces are used in the <cmdline>, enclose the expression in double quotes as follows: ParallelsCompressor /G"C:\Program Files\...defrag.exe"

There is no space between the key and its parameter as in the example above.

To run Parallels Compressor:

in automatic mode, don't do anything, just wait until the timeout expires. in manual mode, press the ESC key or click the Manual Mode button on the dialog box

before the timeout expires.

In manual mode, Compressor starts as a wizard.

1 The wizard displays the Welcome dialog box. If you'd like to skip the Welcome dialog box next time you run the wizard, select the Skip introduction next time check box. Click Next to continue.

Using Parallels Compressor 160

2 Choose mode of virtual machine compression. At this step, the wizard detects the type of the

guest operating system and prompts you to choose between Express and Advanced compression. If you choose Express compression, the wizard will use the default compression options.

If you choose Advanced compression, you will be able to select certain options of compression.

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3 Select Logical Disk(s). The wizard determines what virtual disks are available in your virtual machine. If you are not sure what types of virtual disks are supported, refer to Selecting Logical Disks (see page 165). The selected disks of unsupported types will not be compressed.

Use check boxes to select one or more disks. Click Next. If you selected Express compression in the Step 3, skip Step 4 and Step 5.

4 In the Choose Compression Level dialog box choose the Compression level (see page 166).

There are three levels: High, Medium, Low.

To choose the level, place the cursor over the level slider and smoothly move the slider to the desired level or just click the levels consecutively starting from High until the slider reaches the desired level. For each level certain tasks are suggested by default, but you can select check boxes for tasks you want to be executed and clear the check boxes for tasks you don't want to be executed. You can also click the Select all button to select all tasks or click Clear all to clear all check boxes. Click Set as default to restore the default selection of tasks for the chosen level.

The check box for the Compact virtual disk task is always disabled.

Click the Compress button. The wizard starts execution of the selected tasks, and you can see the progress of the operation.

Using Parallels Compressor 162

If you cleared the check box for the Truncate page file option, the wizard skips Step 5 and Step 6.

5 Preparing to restart. Depending on the tasks you have selected on the previous step, the

wizard may require to restart the computer.

Click Next to restart your virtual machine.

If you click Cancel, the process of virtual machine compression will be resumed automatically the next time you start your virtual machine.

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6 When the virtual machine is restarted, the wizard is ready to resume the execution of the tasks. Click Next.

7 In the wizard's next dialog box, you can see the progress of operations. If you have chosen

Express compression, the wizard performs the disk compacting without prompting you to confirm this operation.

8 Disks compacting is the final step of compression.

Click Yes to perform the operation. Click No to skip disk compacting.

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9 Now, compression of the virtual machine is complete.

Your virtual machine is compressed, and its expanding disks are significantly reduced in size. Click Finish to exit Parallels Compressor.

Express and Advanced Modes When launched in manual mode, Parallels Compressor prompts you to choose the compression mode for processing a virtual machine:

Express compression. Recommended for all users. In this mode, the compression is performed at the High level. That means, all compression tasks will be executed except for Clean up Drivers Cache, which is skipped by default. During Express compression, only one virtual disk is processed, the current system disk.

Advanced compression. Recommended for advanced users only. In Advanced compression mode, the wizard lets you select options: particular logical disks, desired compression level, and tasks to execute.

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Selecting Logical Disks A virtual machine may have several virtual disks, some of them can be partitioned. In Advanced mode, you can select one or more logical disks for compression.

In the Select Logical Disks dialog box, Compressor displays the list of virtual machine's volumes.

The following virtual machine's disks cannot be processed by Compressor:

Virtual disks in plain format. Virtual disks with snapshots. Undo disks.

Virtual machine compression is performed in two steps:

1 Disk cleaning: removing unnecessary files, disk defragmenting.

2 Disk compacting: reducing the size of a virtual disk file performed in the host operating system.

If all the selected disks cannot be compressed, Parallels Compressor displays the message that the compression cannot be performed and stops. If, at least one of the selected virtual disks can be compressed, Compressor will process them.

Using Parallels Compressor 166

Compression Levels Parallels Compressor supports three levels of compression: Low, Medium, High. Each level suggests the execution of certain tasks. The wizard displays the complete list of such tasks.

The complete list includes the following tasks:

Truncate Page file (recreates the system page file of smaller size); Clean Up Temporary System Files (deletes temporary files used by the system for

acceleration of operations); Clean Up System Cache (deletes temporary data stored by the system on disk to increase

performance); Empty Recycle Bin (permanently removes previously deleted files from the Recycle Bin); Clean Up Temporary Internet Files (cleans up the Internet Explorer cache, deletes

cookies, history, address bar, temporary files); Disable Hibernate file (disables hibernate file which stores the virtual machine memory

when the virtual machine is turned off); Compact virtual disk(s) (reduces the size of disk in host (primary) operating system); Clean Up Temporary Setup Files (deletes installation files used by MS Office and other

programs); Clean Up System Media Files (deletes temporary files used by Media Player); Clean Up Drivers Cache (empties the cache for the most popular drivers. If you are going

to install new hardware, clear this check box); Clean Up System Restore Information (deletes data related to the last successful system

loading).

By default, tasks are assigned to the compression level in the following way:

High level: all tasks on the list (those marked by , , ) Medium level: all tasks marked by and Low level: only tasks marked by

The desired level of compression can be chosen with the help of a slider which has three positions: Low, Medium, High. For each task on the list there is a check box. When the slider is at the High position all tasks are selected. Moving the slider from the High to Medium position, clears check boxes for tasks marked by ; moving the slider to the Low position clears check boxes for tasks marked by and leaves selected only those tasks which are suggested for execution at the Low level ( ).

Additionally, with any level chosen, you can add/remove tasks by selecting or clearing corresponding check boxes. To restore the selection of tasks default for the chosen level, click the Set as default button.

Note: The check box for the Compact virtual disk(s) task cannot be cleared; this task is mandatory for each level.

In Express compression mode (or in automatic mode) all tasks are executed as suggested by the High level, only the Clean up Drivers Cache task is skipped.

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Advanced compression allows users to select any set of tasks.

Compression in Automatic Mode Parallels Compressor has the following running modes:

automatic, the default mode. In this mode Compressor uses the default compression options; only one virtual system disk is being processed (if the virtual machine has several system disks, the current system disk will be compressed),

manual, Compressor runs as a wizard which helps you select the options of virtual machine compression.

Once the ISO image file with Compressor is connected to the virtual machine's CD/DVD-ROM, program starts and displays the dialog box with a time indicator. The time indicator shows the time remaining until Compressor will run in automatic mode (timeout is about 10 seconds).

Using Parallels Compressor 168

To run Compressor:

in automatic mode, don't do anything, just wait until the timeout expires. in manual mode, press the ESC key or click the Manual Mode button on the dialog box

before the timeout expires.

Warning. Do not disconnect the Parallels Compressor ISO file from the CD/DVD-ROM of your machine until the process of compression is completed.

During the process, Compressor displays several dialog boxes. Although they are used for information purposes, you can click Cancel at any time to stop Compressor or click the Help button to get necessary information.

1 Compressor displays the Execution in progress dialog box that informs you what tasks are being executed.

Using Parallels Compressor 169

Parallels Compressor Wizard In manual mode, Compressor starts as a wizard.

1 The wizard displays the Welcome dialog box. If you'd like to skip the Welcome dialog box next time you run the wizard, select the Skip introduction next time check box. Click Next to continue.

Using Parallels Compressor 170

2 Choose mode of virtual machine compression. At this step, the wizard detects the type of the guest operating system and prompts you to choose between Express and Advanced compression. If you choose Express compression, the wizard will use the default compression options.

If you choose Advanced compression, you will be able to select certain options of compression.

Using Parallels Compressor 171

3 Select Logical Disk(s). The wizard determines what virtual disks are available in your virtual machine. Please refer to the Selecting Logical Disks (see page 165) topic if you are not sure what types of virtual disks are supported. The selected disks of unsupported types will not be compressed.

Use check boxes to select one or more disks. Click Next. If you selected Express compression in the Step 3, skip Step 4 and Step 5.

4 In the Choose Compression Level dialog box choose the compression level (see page 166).

There are three levels: High, Medium, Low.

To choose the level, place the cursor over the level slider and smoothly move the slider to the desired level or just click the levels consecutively starting from High until the slider reaches the desired level. For each level certain tasks are suggested by default, but you can select check boxes for tasks you want to be executed and clear the check boxes for tasks you don't want to be executed. You can also click the Select all button to select all tasks or click Clear all to clear all check boxes. Click Set as default to restore the default selection of tasks for the chosen level.

The check box for the Compact virtual disk task is always disabled.

Click the Compress button. The wizard starts execution of the selected tasks, and you can see the progress of the operation.

Using Parallels Compressor 172

If you cleared the check box for the Truncate page file option, the wizard skips Step 5 and Step 6.

5 Preparing to restart. Depending on the tasks you have selected on the previous step, the

wizard may require to restart the computer.

Click Next to restart your virtual machine.

Using Parallels Compressor 173

If you click Cancel, the process of virtual machine compression will be resumed automatically the next time you start your virtual machine.

6 When the virtual machine is restarted, the wizard is ready to resume the execution of the

tasks. Click Next.

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7 In the wizard's next dialog box, you can see the progress of operations. If you have chosen Express compression, the wizard performs the disk compacting without prompting you to confirm this operation.

8 Disks compacting is the final step of compression.

Click Yes to perform the operation. Click No to skip disk compacting.

9 Now, compression of the virtual machine is complete.

Your virtual machine is compressed, and its expanding disks are significantly reduced in size. Click Finish to exit Parallels Compressor.

Using Parallels Compressor 175

Further Reducing the Disk After you have used Compressor to process your virtual machine, you can reduce the virtual machine's size even further for storage purposes.

If you are going to share the virtual machine hard disk files (that is to copy to another computer or to transfer them over the network), then the smaller its disks are, the better. Once Compressor has completed its work, turn off the virtual machine. Running the virtual machine after compression has been completed will increase the size of its system disk file (the system page file increases as the virtual machine is running). As the virtual hard disk is just a file on your computer, you can archive it with WinZip or WinRAR, whatever you prefer. The size can be reduced by 50% or more and can fit on a CD or a DVD.

When you decide to continue working with the virtual machine, extract its files from the archive.

176

Index

A About

Parallels Server • 7 About Parallels Server • 7 About This Guide • 8 Activating Parallels Server • 19 Add Hardware Assistant • 105 Adding a New Server • 17 Adding a Virtual Machine • 22 Adding an Existing Virtual Machine • 38 Adding and Removing Devices • 105 Adding CD/DVD-ROM Drive • 109 Adding Floppy Disk Drive • 111 Adding Hard Disk • 107 Adding Intel VT-d PCI Device • 118 Adding Network Adapter • 113 Adding Parallel Port • 117 Adding Serial Port • 115

B Boot Settings • 77 Bridged Networking • 123

C CD/DVD-ROM Settings • 94 Changing View Modes • 144 Changing Virtual Hard Disk Format • 129 Changing Virtual Hard Disk Type • 127 Cloning a Virtual Machine • 41 Compressing

compression levels • 166 Compression modes • 164 running modes • 159, 167

Compression in Automatic Mode • 167 Compression Levels • 166 Configuring Virtual Machines • 74 Connecting to a Registered Server • 20 Connecting to a server • 17 Connecting to a Server • 17 Copying Data to Virtual Hard Disk • 152 CPU Settings • 87 Creating a New Virtual Machine • 22 Creating a Virtual Machine Template • 46 Creating New Partition in Linux • 133 Creating New Partition in Windows • 132 Custom Installation Mode • 30

D Deleting and Removing Virtual Machine From

List • 43 Deleting VM • 43 Deploying a Virtual Machine Template • 48 Detached Console view • 70 Devices • 105

adding • 105 Intel VT-d PCI • 118, 120 removing • 119

Disconnecting From a Server • 21 Documentation Conventions • 9

E Editing Parallels Tools Settings • 61 Exchanging Data between Different Virtual

Machines • 151 Exchanging Data between Host Computer and

Virtual Machine • 149 Express and Advanced Modes • 164 Express Windows Installation Mode • 23

F Feedback • 11 Floppy Disk Settings • 91 Freezing the Virtual Machine Screen

Resolution • 71 Full Screen view • 70 Further Reducing the Disk • 175

G General Settings • 76 Getting Help • 10 Guest OS System Requirements • 156

H Hard Disk Settings • 92 Help

getting help • 10 Host-Only Networking • 123 Hot key combinations • 153 Hot Key Combinations • 153 How Parallels Compressor Processes the

Virtual Machine • 155

Index 177

I Improving Virtual Machine Performance By

Configuring Spotlight • 73 Increasing Virtual Hard Disk Size • 125 Installing

guest OS • 22, 37 installation modes • 23, 28, 30

Installing Guest Operating System • 37 Installing Mac Guest OS X • 38 Installing Parallels Tools in Linux Guest OS •

60 Installing Parallels Tools in Mac Guest OS X •

52 Installing Parallels Tools in Windows Guest

OS • 56 Intel VT-d PCI device • 120 Intel VT-d PCI Device Settings • 104 Interface basics

for Parallels Explorer • 137 Interface Basics • 137 Introduction • 6

K Keyboard • 68

L Linux OS • 59 Locking VM window • 71 Logical disks • 165

M Mac OS X • 51 Managing Files and Folders in Virtual

Machine • 145 Managing Virtual Machines • 41 Memory Settings • 88

N Network

kinds of netwowking • 122 network adapter • 113

Network Adapter Settings • 96 Networking in Virtual Machine • 122

O Optimization Settings • 79 Options of Parallels Compressor • 158

P Parallel port • 98, 117 Parallel Port Settings • 98 Parallels

Parallels Compressor • 154 Parallels Explorer • 136 Parallels Image Tool • 124, 125 Parallels Server • 7

Parallels Compressor Wizard • 169 Parallels Management Console

starting • 15 Parallels Server • 7 Parallels Server Components • 8 Parallels Tools for Mac Guest OS X • 51 Parallels Tools for Windows Guest OSes • 54 Parallels Tools in Linux Guest OS • 59 Partition

creating partition in Linux • 133 creating partition in Windows • 132

Pausing and Suspending Virtual Machine • 67 Permissions Settings • 80

R Reducing virtual disk size • 175 Removing

device • 119 Parallels Tools • 53, 58 server • 21 virtual machine • 43

Removing Devices • 119 Removing Parallels Tools • 53, 58 Running Modes • 159 Running Parallels Compressor • 156 Running Virtual Machine • 65

S Security • 17 Selecting Logical Disks • 165 Serial port • 100, 115 Serial Port Settings • 100 Server

connecting • 17 disconnecting • 21 logging in • 17

Services Settings • 83 Shared folders • 72 Shared Folders Settings • 85 Shared Networking • 122 Single-button mouse • 68 Sound Settings • 102 Starting Parallels Management Console • 15 Starting Parallels Server Image Tool • 125 Starting, Stopping and Resetting Virtual

Machine • 65 Startup and Shutdown Settings • 81 Supported File Formats • 139 Supported File Systems • 140 Supported Guest Operating Systems • 14

Index 178

Switching View Modes • 70

T Troubleshooting • 152 Typical Installation Mode • 28

U Updating

Parallels Tools • 53, 57 Updating Parallels Tools • 53, 57, 61 Usage Cases • 149 Using Intel VT-d PCI Devices in Parallels

Virtual Machines • 120 Using Keyboard and Mouse • 68 Using Parallels Compressor • 154 Using Parallels Explorer • 136 Using Parallels Image Tool • 124 Using Parallels Server Mounter • 147 Using Parallels Tools • 50 Using Shared Folders • 72 Using the Added Space • 132 Using the Virtual Machine Configuration

Dialog • 75

V Video Settings • 89 View modes • 70, 71 Viewing Virtual Machine Contents • 141 Virtual disk

changing format • 129 changing type • 127 increasing size • 125 reducing size • 175

Virtual Hard Disk Types • 135 Virtual Machine

adding • 38 configuration • 74 files • 12 moving VMs between servers • 75 networking • 122 using Parallels Tools • 50 virtual machine clone • 41 virtual machine template • 46, 48

Virtual Machine Files • 12 Virtual Machine Specifications • 12

W Welcome Window • 16 Windows OS • 54 Working with Parallels Image Tool • 125 Working with Parallels Server Explorer • 141 Working with Virtual Machine Contents • 150