parallel processing with playstation3 lawrence kalisz
TRANSCRIPT
Parallel Processing with PlayStation3
Lawrence Kalisz
Topics
Cell Processor1. History2. Architecture
Parallel Programming1. Install Linux2. Examples
PS3 Cluster1. Applications2. Examples
PS3 Cell Processor: History
Created by Sony, Toshiba, and IBM (STI)
400 Engineers
½ Billion Dollars
PS3 Cell Processor: Architecture
PS3 Cell Processor: Architecture
PS3 Cell Processor: Architecture
Power Processing Element (PPE)
Synergistic Processing Element (SPE)
Element Interconnection Bus (EIB)
Memory System
Network Card & Graphics Card
Power Processor Element
PPE handles operating system and control tasks
● 64-bit Power Architecture with VMX● In-order, 2-way hardware simultaneous
multi-threading (SMT)● 32KB L1 cache (I & D) and 512KB L2
Synergistic Processing Element
Specialized high performance coreThree main components
1. SPU: Supplemental Processing Units 2. LS: local store memory3. MFC: memory flow control manages data in and
out of SPECan only access (load & store) data in the
SPE local store7 SPEs used for rendering, 1 SPE reserved
for image compression
SPE: Data IN and OUT Steps
SPU needs data1. SPU initiates MFC request for data2. MFC requests data from memory3. Data is copied to local store4. SPU can access data from local storeSPU operates on data then copies data
from local store back to memory in a similar process
SPE: Data IN and OUT Steps
Element Interconnect Bus
• Physically overlaps all processor elements• Central arbiter supports up to 3 concurrent transfers per ring
• 2 stage, dual round robin arbiter• Each port supports concurrent 16B in and 16B out data path
• Ring topology is transparent to element data interface• Each EIB Bus data port supports 25.6GBytes/sec each way
PS3 Cell: Parallel Programming
PS3 Cell: Parallel Programming
Current working Linux distros:1. Fedora Core 52. YellowDog 5.03. Gentoo PowerPC 64 edition4. Debian
OpenMPI (for use with cluster)
IBM’s CELL SDK
PS3 Cell: Parallel Programming
Cell performance ~10x better than GPU for media and other applications that can take advantage of its SIMD capability◦PPE performance is comparable to a traditional
GPU performance◦SPE performance mostly the same as, or better
than, a GPU with SIMD◦Performance scales with number of SPEs
PS3 Cell: Parallel Programming
Programming becomes exercise in partitioning, mapping (layout),routing (communication) and scheduling
PS3 Cell: Parallel Programming
AI Backgammon player
PS3 Cell: Parallel Programming
AI Backgammon player1M board evaluations in ~3 seconds (6 SPEs)Data parallel implementation, linear speedup
PS3 Cell: Parallel Programming
SPU programs are designed and written to work together but are compiled independently
Separate compiler and toolchain (ppu-gcc and spu-gcc)
Produces small ELF image for each program that can be embedded in PPU program
PS3 Cell: Parallel Programming
BLUE-STEEL
PS3 Cell: Parallel Programming
BLUE-STEELFull ray tracer running on each SPEData parallel implementation://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C3ARXUSKXAM&fe
ature=player_detailpage
PS3 Cell: Parallel Programming
BLUE-STEELA Solution to the rendering equation
◦ Triangle Rasterization– Fast – possible in real time on a single core– Inaccurate or tedious for global effects such as shadows,reflection, refraction, or global illumination
Ray Tracing– Slow – unless done on multiple cores– Accurate and natural shadows, reflection, and refraction
PS3 Cell: Parallel Programming
BLUE-STEELBuild a fast ray tracer from the ground up to take
advantage of multiple cores.– 6 accessible cores for rendering
PS3 Cell: Parallel Programming
Ray Tracing Shoot a ray through each pixel on the screen Check for intersections with each object in the scene Keep the closest intersection
PS3 Cell: Parallel Programming
Ray Tracing Shade each point according to the material of the object,
as well as the lights in the scene Cast rays for shadows, reflection, and refraction
PS3 Cell: Parallel Programming
BLUE-STEEL
PS3: Cluster Applications
Air Force
Folding@home
PS3 Gravity Grid
LACAL Student Cluster
References
http://groups.csail.mit.edu/cag/ps3/http://
impact.asu.edu/cse520fa07/lec19-PS3-cell-tutorial.pdf
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VxaLmS7XPiI
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PlayStation_3_cluster
http://www.netlib.org/utk/people/JackDongarra/PAPERS/scop3.pdf
Any Questions ?