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Paper of English Subject

Candra Arsyawan

Evi Oktaviani

Firman Rizky Annanda

Yona Nadia

1 Sipil 1 Pagi


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Preface

In the name of Allah, most Gracious, most Merciful. The praise be to Allah, the Lordof the worlds, and the sequel is for those who keep their duty unto Him, further, here willbe no hostility except against wrongdoers.

Blessing and solution be upon the most honorable prophet and messenger, Hisfamily all His disciples, and those who follow them in goodness till the Day of Judgment.And we offer our expression of gratitude to Alloh, due to His favor and charity, so, thewriters have finished writing this paper.

This paper is submitted to the English Subject. However, we realize that there arestill many shortcomings in this paper. Therefore we enthusiastically welcomes the objectivecriticism and constructive suggestion for the improvement of this paper.Finally, the writers hope that this paper will be useful not only for the w riters but also forthe readers.

Depok, February 08 2011

The writers


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TABLE CONTENT

PREFACE ................................................................ 2

TABLE CONTENT ................................................... 3

DEFINITION ........................................................... 4

CONJUNCTION ...................................................... 5

A. COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS ..................... 5

B. CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS ......................... 7

C. CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS ................................... 7

D. SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS .................... 8

BIBLIOGRAPHY ...................................................... 12


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DefinitionA compound sentence is composed of at least two independent clauses. It does not require adependent clause. The clauses are joined by a coordinating conjunction (with or without a comma),a correlative conjunction (with or without a comma), or a semicolon that functions as a conjunction.A conjunction can be used to make a compound sentence. The use of a comma to separate twoindependent clauses is called a comma splice and is generally considered an error (when used in the

English language . A sentence may be one of four kinds, depending upon the number andtype(s) of clauses it contains.

Review:

An independent clause contains a subject, a verb, and a complete thought.

A dependent clause contains a subject and a verb, but no complete thought.


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CONJUNCTIONS

Conjunctions are words used as joiners. Different kinds of conjunctions join different

kinds of grammatical structures.

The following are the kinds of co njun ct io ns:

A. COORDINAT ING CONJUNC T IONS (FANBOYS)

for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so

Coordinating conjunctions join equals to one another:

words to words, phrases to phrases, clauses to clauses.

Coordinating conjunctions usually form looser connections than other conjunctions do.

Coordinating conjunctions go in between items joined, not at the beginning or end.


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P unctuation with coordinating conjunctions :

When a coordinating conjunction joins two words, phrases, or subordinate clauses, nocomma should be placed before the conjunction.

A coordinating conjunction joining three or more words, phrases, or subordinateclauses creates a series and requires commas between the elements.

A coordinating conjunction joining two independent clauses creates a compound sentenceand requires a comma before the coordinating conjunction


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B . CORRELAT IVE CONJUNCT IONS

either. . .or both. . . and neither. . . nor not only. . . but also

These pairs of conjunctions require equal (parallel) structures after each one.

C. CONJUNCT IVE A DVERB S

These conjunctions join independent clauses together.

The following are frequently used conjunctive adverbs:

after all in addition next also incidentally nonetheless as a result indeed on the contrary besides in fact on the other hand consequently in other words otherwise finally instead still for example likewise then furthermore meanwhile therefore hence moreover thus however nevertheless

P unctuation: Place a semicolon before the conjunctive adverb and a comma after theconjunctive adverb.


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D. SUB ORDINAT ING CONJUNC T IONS

These words are commonly used as subordinating conjunctions

A fter in order (that) unless A lthough insofar as until A s in that when as far as lest whenever as soon as no matter how where as if now that wherever as though once whether Because provided (that) while Before since why even if so that even though supposing (that) How than If that inasmuch as though in case (that) till

Subordinating conjunctions also join two clauses together, but in doing so, they make oneclause dependent (or "subordinate") upon the other.


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A subordinating conjunction may appear at a sentence beginning or between two clauses ina sentence.

A subordinate conjunction usually provides a tighter connection between clauses than acoordinating conjunctions does.

Loose: It is raining, so we have an umbrella.

T ight: B ecause it is raining , we have an umbrella.

P unctuation Note:

When the dependent clause is placed first in a sentence, use a comma between the two clauses. When theindependent clause is placed first and the dependent clause second, do not separate the two clauses with acomma.

Use a SEMICOLON

(for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)

Example:

He promised to reform; a few days later he forgot everything.


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2. Between independent clauses joined by a conjunctive adverb

Example:

He promised to reform; however, a few days later he forgot everything.

3 . Between items in a series containing internal punctuation

Example:

Captain Zero, a television star; Harriet Smith, who writes fiction; and Mel Stevens,

a world-famous psychiatrist, meet for an hour every Thursday to discuss the

geopolitical situation.

4. Between independent clauses containing internal punctuation even when the clauses arejoined by coordinating conjunctions.

Example:

To engender self-confidence, we must help others; but to procure love, we must

please them.

USE A COLON

1. Before formally introducing a list (*An independent clause must precede the colon.)

Examples:

I ordered the following supplies: potatoes, sugar, flour, eggs, and coffee.

I ordered these supplies: potatoes, sugar, flour, eggs, and coffee.

Theories which try to explain the secrets of fire walking fall into three categories:physical, psychological, and religious.


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Incorrect

I ordered: potatoes, sugar, flour, eggs, and coffee.

On a long ocean voyage be sure to take along: plenty of books, a deck of cards,

a chess set, and a warm blanket.

2. Between two independent clauses when the second explains or expands the first

Examples:

The leaders made the final decision: the (The) earthquake victims would receivefood and medical supplies.

The sign was all too clear: "Do not swim in this area."

Here is our honest opinion: we (We) think you are a genius.

3 . Before a formal appositive (*An independent clause must precede the colon)

Example:

The reaction of the audience signified one overwhelming feeling: anger.

Incorrect

The reaction of the audience signified: anger.

4. Between hour and minute / chapter and verse (Bible)

Examples:

At 4:01 p.m. the doors will be opened to the public.

You will find those words in Genesis 1: 14 -17.


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B IB LIOGRA PHY

www.goole.com

www.wikipedia.com

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