paper 7: innovation capacity of chinese manufacturing (chen)
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2010-7-2 1
The Evaluation of Innovation Capacity of Chinese Manufacturing
CHEN Fang, Professor MU Rongping
Institute of Policy and Management, CAS
3rd International Workshop on Innovation and Performance Management
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2010-7-2 2
Content
Introduction
Literature Reviews
Evaluation Framework of Manufacturing
Innovation Capacity in China
Evaluation Results of Innovation
Capacity of CM
Conclusions
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2010-7-2 3
Introduction
China wants to become an Innovation-Driven Nation by
2020. Now China is the largest manufacturing country,
but not the strongest one.
How to monitor the progress of manufacturing
innovation capacity-building in China, to indentify the
key factors affecting capacity-building, and to provide
effective policies.
It is important and necessary to build up a systemic
evaluation framework of innovation capacity for CM.
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2010-7-2 4
Content
Introduction
Literature Reviews
Evaluation Framework of Manufacturing
Innovation Capacity in China
Evaluation Results of Innovation
Capacity of CM
Conclusions
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2010-7-2 5
Literature Reviews
European innovation scoreboard, 2009
Summary innovation index includes enablers, firm activities,
outputs.
WEF Report is concerned with innovation capacity
index(ICI).
IMD Yearbook have S&T competitiveness.
World Bank puts out knowledge economic index(KEI).
Luis、Furmana、Porter、Stern、Mathews etc.
《Oslo Manual》(OECD)
Emphasizing the research on industrial innovation measuring,
concerning innovation for product, process, institution, market, etc.
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Literature Reviews
The Report on Innovation and Development in China,
2009(the Center for Innovation and Development of
CAS)
The Report on Innovation and Development Index in
China, 2008(RUC)
The survey report on China’s industrial innovation
capacity(Ministry of Science and Technology, P.R.
China,2006)
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2010-7-2 7
Content
Introduction
Literature Reviews
Evaluation Framework of Manufacturing
Innovation Capacity in China
Evaluation Results of Innovation
Capacity of CM
Conclusions
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2010-7-2 8
Evaluation Framework
Definition of manufacturing
innovation capacity
Manufacturing innovation capacity
index
Evaluation method
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Definition of Manufacturing
Innovation Capacity
Manufacturing innovation capacity is the capability of
manufacturing to carry out technology development,
diffusion, application and other innovation activities so
as to achieve economic and social performance under
certain conditions.
In broad sense, manufacturing innovation capacity is a
wide range of the capability of manufacturing
enterprises to integrate innovation resources so as to
transform them into wealth.
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2010-7-2 10
Manufacturing Innovation
Capacity Index
Innovation Strength
innovation input
innovation output
innovation performance
Innovation Effectiveness
innovation input
innovation output
innovation performance
Indicator System of Manufacturing Innovation Capacity
S&T Input
Finance Tax ……
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2010-7-2 11
Index Sub-index Indicator
Innovation Strength Index
Innovative Input Strength Index
Personnel engaged in S&T activities
Funding for S&T activities
Expenditures for absorb and digest
Projects for S&T activites
Number of S&T institutions
Innovative Output Strength Index
Invention patents owned
Invention patent applications
Utility model or design patent applications
Innovative Performance Strength
Index
Gross industrial value added
Revenue from the sale of new products
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2010-7-2 12
Innovation Effectiveness
Index
Innovative Input Effectiveness Index
S&T personnel (% of workforce)
Funding for S&T activities (% of turnover)
Expenditures for absorb and digest (% of expenditures for indraught oftechnology)
Projects for R&D (% of projects for S&T activities)
Enterprises having S&T institutions (% of total industrial enterprises)
Innovative Output Effectiveness Index
Invention patents owned per enterprise
Invention patent applications per 10,000 S&T personnel
Invention patent applications per 100 million funding for S&Tactivities
Utility model or design patent applications per 10,000 S&T personnel
Utility model or design patent applications per 100 million funding forS&T activities
Innovative Performance
Effectiveness Index
Labor productivity
Revenue from the sale of new products (% of turnover)
Gross industrial values added per energy consumption
Gross industrial values added per industrial waste water discharge
Industrial solid wastes utilized (% of total wastes utilized, stocked,treated, and discharged)
Volume of industrial waste gas emission (% of volume of waste gasemission and removed)
Gross industrial values added per original value of productiveequipment
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2010-7-2 13
Evaluation Method
A revised Min-Max Normalization is applied for
computing the standardized value of the indicator, in
order to make the index comparable within several
years.
the maximum value and the minimum number should
be less the smallest one, and they are determined by
experts with considerations of the pre-calculation by
Trend Extrapolation Methods
the weight of each indicator is given according to its
importance assigned by selected experts in China
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Evaluation Method
Firstly, the standardized value of indicator, ranging
from 0 to 1 as follows:
Positive indicator
Negative indicator
_ min
_ max _ min
s
j j
j s s
j j
X XI
X X
_ min
_ max _ min1
s
j j
j s s
j j
X XI
X X
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Evaluation Method
Secondly, the index is calculated according to the
Weighted Arithmetic Average method. The index
score of the indicator l at the level k , is given by:
( , ) ( , ) ( , )
( , ) 1
im
k l i j i j
i j
I w I
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2010-7-2 16
Content
Introduction
Literature Reviews
Evaluation Framework of Manufacturing
Innovation Capacity in China
Evaluation Results of Innovation
Capacity of CM
Conclusions
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2010-7-2 17
Leather, Fur, Feather and Related Products
Textile Wearing Apparel, Footware and Caps
Printing, Reproduction of Recording Media
PTWBRPSP
Paper and Paper Products
Artwork and Other Manufacturing
Articles For Culture, Education and Sport Activities
Processing of Food from Agricultural Products
Foods
Furniture
Plastics
Beverages
PPCPNF
Textile
Non-metallic Mineral Products
Rubber
Metal Products
Chemical Fibers
Smelting and Pressing of Non-ferrous Metals
MIMCAOW
Special Purpose Machinery
Raw Chemical Materials and Chemical Products
Tobacco
Medicines
General Purpose Machinery
Smelting and Pressing of Ferrous Metals
Electrical Machinery and Equipment
Transport Equipment
CECOEE
2007 2008
Rank Score
1 39.00
2 32.42
3 28.26
4 23.96
5 22.88
6 22.35
7 20.18
8 19.55
9 18.43
10 16.78
11 15.62
12 13.25
13 12.73
14 12.56
15 12.40
16 12.36
17 11.71
18 11.62
19 11.09
20 11.07
21 10.66
22 10.45
23 10.32
24 10.28
25 10.03
26 8.95
27 8.18
28 8.06
29 7.67
Top 10 industries
in terms of MICI
are as following:
1. CECOEE (Communication
Equipment, Computers and
Other Electronic Equipment)
2. Transport Equipment
3. Electrical Machinery &
Equipment
4. Smelting & Processing
of Ferrous Metals
5. General Purpose Machinery
6. Medicines
7. Tobacco
8. Raw Chemical Material
& Chemical Products
9. Special Purpose Machinery
10. MIMCAOW (Measuring
Instruments and Machinery for
Cultural Activity and Office
Work)
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2010-7-2 18
0%
3%
6%
9%
12%
Tobacco
Smelting and Pressing of Ferrous MetalsCECOEE
Transport Equipment
Metal Products
Smelting and Pressing of Non-ferrous Metals
Processing of Food from Agricultural Products
General Purpose Machinery
Raw Chemical Materials and Chemical Products
Medicines
Furniture
Electrical Machinery and Equipment
Textile
Non-metallic Mineral ProductsTextile Wearing Apparel, Footware and CapsBeverages
Paper and Paper Products
MIMCAOW
Rubber
Special Purpose Machinery
Leather, Fur, Feather and Related Products
Foods
Chemical Fibers
Artwork and Other Manufacturing
Printing, Reproduction of Recording Media
PTWBRPSP
Plastics
Articles For Culture, Education and Sport Activit iesPPCPNF
The Average Annual Growth Rate of
MICI from 2001 to 2008
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2010-7-2 19
Top 10 industries
in terms of innovation
strength index of CM
are as following:
1. CECOEE (Communication
Equipment, Computers &
Other Electronic Equipment )
2. Transport Equipment
3. Smelting & Processing of
Ferrous Metals
4. Electrical Machinery &
Equipment
5. Raw Chemical Material &
Chemical Products
6. General Purpose Machinery
7. Special Purpose Machinery
8. Smelting & Processing of
Non-Ferrous Metals
9. Textile
10. Medicines
Printing, Reproduction of Recording Media
PTWBRPSP
Furniture
Articles For Culture,Education and Sport Activities
Artwork and Other Manufacturing
Leather, Fur, Feather and Related Products
Chemical Fibers
Textile Wearing Apparel, Footware and Caps
Rubber
Plastics
Paper and Paper Products
Foods
Beverages
Tobacco
MIMCAOW
Processing of Food from Agricultural Products
Metal Products
PPCPNF
Non-metallic Mineral Products
Medicines
Textile
Smelting and Pressing of Non-ferrous Metals
Special Purpose Machinery
General Purpose Machinery
Raw Chemical Materials and Chemical Products
Electrical Machinery and Equipment
Smelting and Pressing of Ferrous Metals
Transport Equipment
CECOEE
2007 2008
Rank Score
1 38.90
2 32.53
3 25.82
4 24.06
5 15.67
6 14.93
7 11.79
8 8.98
9 8.36
10 8.13
11 6.58
12 5.31
13 4.94
14 4.48
15 4.48
16 4.28
17 3.74
18 3.07
19 2.77
20 2.65
21 2.57
22 2.38
23 2.07
24 1.68
25 1.35
26 1.23
27 0.95
28 0.83
29 0.79
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2010-7-2 20
Top 10 industries
in terms of innovation
effectiveness index of
CM are as following:
1. CECOEE (Communication
Equipment, Computers &
Other Electronic Equipment )
2. Medicines
3. Tobacco
4. Electrical Machinery &
Equipment
5. Transport Equipment
6. General Purpose Machinery
7. MIMCAOW (Measuring
Instruments & Machinery for
Cultural Activity & Office Work)
8. Special Purpose Machinery
9. Chemical Fibers
10. Raw Chemical Material &
Chemical Products
Leather, Fur, Feather and Related Products
Textile Wearing Apparel, Footware and Caps
Printing, Reproduction of Recording Media
Textile
Processing of Food from Agricultural Products
PTWBRPSP
Paper and Paper Products
PPCPNF
Non-metallic Mineral Products
Foods
Artwork and Other Manufacturing
Articles For Culture, Education and Sport Activities
Beverages
Plastics
Metal Products
Furniture
Smelting and Pressing of Ferrous Metals
Smelting and Pressing of Non-ferrous Metals
Rubber
Raw Chemical Materials and Chemical Products
Chemical Fibers
Special Purpose Machinery
MIMCAOW
General Purpose Machinery
Transport Equipment
Electrical Machinery and Equipment
Tobacco
Medicines
CECOEE
2007 2008
Rank Score
1 39.10
2 36.57
3 36.07
4 32.45
5 32.32
6 30.82
7 29.07
8 25.06
9 24.43
10 23.44
11 22.56
12 22.27
13 22.10
14 21.18
15 20.53
16 19.53
17 19.50
18 19.41
19 19.22
20 18.24
21 18.22
22 18.11
23 17.30
24 17.07
25 16.42
26 16.36
27 15.58
28 13.74
29 13.65
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2010-7-2 21
Conclusions
The evaluation method is more reasonable for innovation
capacity of CM, whose score is comparable not only among
industries, but also in the several years.
Chinese government enhances innovation policies’ support for
technological development and industrialized activities, The
innovation capacity of CM has continuously been
strengthened in general.
Many industries of CM quickly expand their scales of
innovative activities, obviously reinforcing their innovation
strength. However, the innovation effectiveness makes a little
progress that has been the important factor to hinder
promoting the innovation capacity rapidly.
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2010-7-2 22
Conclusions
To enhance creation, protection, utilization and management
capabilities for IPRs.
To strengthen manufacturing design, system integration and
manufacturing capacity.
To build innovation infrastructure and industrial R&D system so
as to speed up the restructuring and upgrading of industrial
structural.
To boost the upgrading, extension and development towards
the service sector.
To accelerate the development of the strategic emerging
industries.
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2010-7-2 23
Thank You!Phone(O):0086-10-62540631
E-mail: [email protected]
Address: No. 55, East Zhongguancun Road, Haidian District, Beijing City