panel 4 emerging markets for nano-enabled biomaterials · high-strength paper and paperboard...
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Panel 4 Emerging Markets for Nano-Enabled Biomaterials
TAPPI 2009 International Conference on Nanotechnology for the Forest Products Industry
John G. Cowie Ph.D.Agenda 2020 Technology Alliance
American Forest & Paper Association
June 26, 2009
Emerging Markets for Nano-Enabled Biomaterials
Outline
•Introduction: Agenda 2020 & Forest Products Industry (FPI)•Nanotechnology in the FPI•Focus areas for nanotechnology•Priorities industry will support
•2006 Roadmap•Most recent FPI priorities
•Nanomanufacturing – new growth area
Agenda 2020 Technology Alliance
Member alliance promoting transformational R&D for forest products industrySpecial Project of the American Forest & Paper Association (AF&PA), the national trade association of the forest products industryAn industry-led partnership with government (e.g. USDA Forest Service, DOE, NIST, EPA, etc.) and academia Reinvent the forest products industry through innovation in processes, materials and marketsThe collaborative, pre-competitive research, development, and deployment provide the foundation for new technology-driven business models
Reinventing the forest products industry through innovation 3
Moving Nanotechnology Forward in the Forest Products Sector
2005 FPI Nanotechnology Roadmap2006 AF&PA Agenda 2020 FPI Technology Roadmap2006 Priorities Workshop2007 NNI Forest Products Industry CBAN Consultative Board for Advancing Nanotechnology2008 Focus Workshop2009 Update FPI Technology Roadmap
Reinventing the forest products industry through innovation 5
Agenda 2020 Innovation in the Forest Products Industry
The Forest Products Industry has developed: a strong public-private partnershipa common and agreed upon agenda for advancing nanotechnology
Agenda 2020 signed a Consultative Board for Advancing Nanotechnology (CBAN) with the NSET subcommittee through the National Nanotechnology Coordination Office (NNCO)
Conversion of industry goals to underlying fundamental science needsLink with other industry sectors to explore commonalities in fundamental science
1. Higher strength, lighter weight materials/products2. Forest nano nano-materials (e.g. cellulose
nanocrystalline fibrils)3. Controlling water / lignocellulosic interactions4. Producing hyper-performance nano nano-
composites5. Capturing/enhancing photonic and electronic
properties6. Reducing energy use and capital costs in
processing
Priority Forest Products Industry: Focus Areas For NanotechnologyBased on Forest Products Industry Technology Roadmap (2006)
Priorities Forest Products Industry Will Support
1. Improving the strength/weight performance of paper and wood-based structural materials
2. Developing new value-added features for paper and forest products
3. Creating new revenue streams based on innovative forest-derived nanomaterials
Priority #1 Improved Strength / Weight Performance
Objective: Make paper and paperboard products with 20-40% less fiber by significantly increasing strength of the fiber substrate, thereby enabling producers to exploit the strength improvement in grade-specific ways, including:
Reducing basis weight
Using significantly more recycled fiber and
fibers of inferior quality
Using inexpensive fillers
Photos from: Marielle Henriksson, Lars A. Berglund, Per Isaksson,Tom Lindstro¨m, and Takashi Nishino|, KTH, Stockholm Sweden
Priority #1 Improved Strength / Weight Performance
Enabling technologies – pre-competitive research:Increase strength of fiber/fiber bonds and
overall fiber web strengthImprove strength and usefulness of low-quality
fibers, including recycled fiber and mechanical pulpsUse nanotechnologies to permit significant
concentration of inexpensive non-fibrous fillersEmploy nanomaterials to increase opacity of
fibrous websDevelop coatings and surface treatments that
increase strength and stiffness of paper webs
Photos from: Marielle Henriksson, Lars A. Berglund, Per Isaksson,Tom Lindstro¨m, and Takashi Nishino|, KTH, Stockholm Sweden
Priority #1 Improved Strength / Weight Performance
The ubiquitous nature of cellulose. (a)Cellulose nanocrystals dispersed (b)Optical image of straw on ground outside the NIST Advanced Measurement Laboratory (re-seeding project) taken on the same day.
Photos from: Michael T. Postek, Andras Vladar, John Dagata, Natalia Farkas, Bin MingRonald Sabo, Theodore H. Wegner and James BeecherNIST, Gaithersburg, MD
Priority #2Develop New Value-Added Features: Optical
Objective: Develop new fiber-based products that take advantage of the special
optical and photonic properties of nanomaterials
Target market opportunities:Lightweight printing papers with high opacity
Paperboard with high light barrier for packaging light-sensitive contents without use of metal foil
Papers and folding cartons with new security and anti-counterfeiting features
White-surfaced paper and paperboard with high content of recycled and/or unbleached fiber
Priority #2Develop New Value-Added Features: Optical
Optically Transparent Nanofiber PaperMasaya Nogi,* Shinichiro Iwamoto, Antonio Norio Nakagaito, and Hiroyuki YanoKyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Paper Airplane: Polished nanofiber paper folds like traditional paper Imaging and holography with nanoparticles
Comparison of traditional paper scatters more light than unpolished nanofiber paper (left).
Priority #2Develop New Value-Added Features: Optical
Electro-active paper for a durable biomimetic actuatorSung-Ryul Yun, Gyu Young Yun, Jung Hwan Kim, Yi Chen and Jaehwan Kim1Center for EAPap Actuator, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 7-49 Songdo-Dong, Yeonsu-Ku, Incheon 402-751, Korea
•Cellulose based electro-active paper (EAP) has been discovered as a smart material •When an electric field is applied across the thickness direction of the paper, it produces a large bending deformation•Light weight, biodegradability, low price, large bending displacement, low power consumption and piezoelectricity
Priority #3Develop Materials of the Future
Objective: Create new revenue streams with new products based on novel forest-derived nanomaterials (materials of the future)
Target market opportunities:High-performance composites, including structural panels for
transportation and constructionHigh-strength wood composites and wood productsHigh-strength paper and paperboard substratesChemicals, pigments, additives
Priority #3Develop Materials of the Future
Enabling technologies – pre-competitive research: Energy-efficient liberation and fractionation of cellulose
nanocrystals from woodFunctionalization and chemical modification of surfaces of
cellulosic nanomaterialsProcesses for preparing, stabilizing, and utilizing wood-based
nanomaterials in manufacture of compositesBiomimicry – using nanomaterials for ultra high strength and
particular effects by imitating natural structuresInvestigation of non-cellulosic nanomaterials obtainable from
wood
Biomimicry:Optical Efficiency in Ultra-Thin Structures
South-east Asian beetle (Cyphochilus spp.) is covered with a white surface structureUnderneath is black
P Vukusic, B Hallam and J Noyes, ‘Brilliant whiteness in ultrathin beetle scales’, Science, 315, 348 (2007)
Source: Belcher et al 1999
Abalone Shell
Source :K Autumn, PNAS 2006
Gecko Feet
Biomimicry:Strengthening - Building Blocks and Interfaces
nacre
dentinbone
enamel
Source :Gao, Fratzl et al, PNAS 2004
Nanomanufacturing Potential New Growth Area
The projected growth in manufactured goods incorporating nanotechnology is tremendous.
Global investment in nanotechnology rose to nearly $13.5 billion in 2007.
– U.S. investment equals ~36% of total– The U.S. has the largest revenue from
nanotechnology, but Europe is catching upManufactured Goods
Incorporating Nanotechnology
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
$3,000
$3,500
2007 2015
Bill
ions
of D
olla
rs
$147 Billion
$3.1 Trillion
Source: Lux Research
Mill
ions
of D
olla
rs
GovernmentPrivate
Investments in Nanotechnology