Presented by

Naide Pan PGS

2015 SOUTH AND EAST ASIA HONORARY LECTURER◗ Broadband marine seismic and beyond: With focus on wave-theory and multicomponent streamer-based solutions and applications

 

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BiographyNaide Pan received a Ph. D. in geophysics from Allied Geophysical Laboratories (AGL) at the University of Houston in 1987. Before his graduate study in the United States, he worked for the Geophysical Prospecting Institute of China Geoscience Academy in Beijing, and the Computer Center of Marine Geological Survey Bureau in Shanghai, where he was engaged in research on electromagnetic geophysics, nonlinear inversion of potential field, and marine seismic data processing. In 1987-1993, Pan was senior research geophysicist for Tensor Geophysical, and in 1994-1997, he was vice president and senior vice

president/research and China operations for PGS Data Processing. During 1985-1994, Pan presented papers at AGL review meetings and at SEG and EAGE conference and published in their professional journals. Two of his papers are included in the SEG Geophysics Reprint Series, Slant-stack Processing (No. 14, 1991) and 3D Seismic Exploration (No. 22, 2001). He received honorable mention for best oral presentation and was coauthor of a best-poster presentation, both for SEG. He was a visiting professor and supervisor of graduates at geophysics and mathematics department at several universities. Since 1998, Pan has been President of PGS China. In this assignment, he has given numerous technical presentations at local meetings, seminars, and conferences. In 2009-2013, he submitted five U. S. patent applications; two have been approved, and three are pending approval. The three most recent patents are related to multisensor data calculations in complex marine acquisition conditions, efficient wavefield extrapolation, and migration by using combined up- and downgoing waves. Pan’s current research interest is in building a unified theory and method for seismic imaging, inversion, and signal processing, with application to efficient acquisition geometries and robust processing algorithms.

Naide Pan  

Broadband marine seismic and beyond: With focus on wave-theory and multicomponent streamer-based solutions and applications

Abstract Broadband marine towed streamer seismic has become the technology of choice for exploration seismic because of the multiple benefits it offers. Current broadband technologies can be divided into three classes: (1) multicomponent streamer systems that facilitate wavefield separation; (2) acquisition methods using conventional hydrophone only streamers that utilize the notch diversity inherent to slant streamer depth profiles, or simply a deep flat tow configuration with the energy restored in the notches; (3) processing solutions that can be applied to any old or new conventional data set, in which notches in the passband are eliminated by a variety of processing solutions. The focus of this presentation is on the multicomponent-streamer solution that uses wavefield separation. It is the most robust method and it offers unique additional benefits beyond simply low and high frequency extensions of the overall signal bandwidth.

The presentation consists of three main parts: (1) basic concepts of broadband, (2) direct and indirect benefits of broadband, and (3) beyond broadband. The first part covers broadband basics and differentiation among various technologies, including the definition of broadband seismic; de-ghosting only versus wavefield separation solutions; key assumptions and approximations behind the technologies and their impact on the outcome; importance of pre-stack domain and amplitude/phase compliance; and similarities and differences between receiver- and source-side deghosting.

In the second part, direct and explicit benefits of broadband marine seismic are first illustrated by means of actual data examples. These include: increased bandwidth and resolution, increased signal to noise ratio (S/N), better depth penetration, and improved operational efficiency by extending the weather window. This is followed by indirect and implicit benefits of broadband, which cover a better platform for all key data-processing steps such as multiple suppression; velocity analysis; earth (Q) compensation; migration; 4D seismic monitoring and so forth; and a better qualitative and quantitative interpretation because of improved reservoir processing and inversion by using data with higher S/N, improved amplitude linearity, and extended low-frequency content.

In the last part, some methods and processing and imaging techniques are reviewed which uniquely benefit from the access to a full set of wavefields as provided by multicomponent marine towed streamer acquisition systems. These include, but are not limited to: migration of multiples using the down-going wave as a secondary source; rough-sea imaging by jointly using down- and up-going waves; and full-waveform inversion (FWI) by using both reflection and ultralow-frequency refraction. In all such developments, which go beyond simple broadband pursuits, the down-going wave is used as a separate useful signal, rather than incorporated as ghost noise!Finally, some important opportunities and challenges in broadband development are investigated. Among others the source de-ghosting and de-signatures, internal migration, and ultralow frequencies are reviewed briefly.