palatine- dance drama and music developing entrepreneurial students and graduates lancaster november...
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PALATINE- Dance Drama and Music
DEVELOPING ENTREPRENEURIAL STUDENTS AND GRADUATES
Lancaster November 16th 2005
Dr Marilyn WedgwoodPro-Vice Chancellor
“
• High proportion of graduates
- 43% compared with 16% work force as a whole
- 30-80% depending on the sub -sector
• Graduates from creative disciplines more likely to be self-employed – - 42% become self employed from 9% of the total UK graduates p.a
- 37% of the self employed graduates, 6 months post-graduation
A need for graduate entrepreneurship is not being met
THE CREATIVE INDUSTRIES - UK
Dependency on Graduates
• The creative process is compelling and has market value
• Creative freedom and ethical considerations
• Learning by Problem- solving makes independent thinkers
• Self-employment often the only real option
• Accidental entrepreneurship
WHY?.............
Sector Skills Council SSC ‘Footprint’ Related DCMS Sub-sector(1998)
Creative & Cultural Skills
Advertising Advertising
Crafts Crafts
Design Design
Music Music
Performing, Literary & Visual Arts Performing Arts
Publishing? Publishing
Cultural Heritage ----
Skillset
Animation Film & Video
CommercialsTelevision & Radio
Corporate production
Facilities (which includes post production) Film & Video/Television & Radio
Film Film & Video
Interactive media Interactive Leisure Software
Photo imaging ----
RadioTelevision & Radio
Television
e-skills Information Technology, Telecommunications & Contact Centres
Software & Computer Services
Skillfast-UK Apparel, footwear and textile industries Designer Fashion
Construction Skills Construction Industry (including Architecture)
Architecture
None? --- Art & Antiques Market
Creative Industries - Classifications in the UK
Investing in culture for competitive advantage
“The UN estimates that creative industries account for 7%
global GDP and are growing at 10% per year. As people grow
richer and become better educated, they spend more of
their income on leisure” activities
James Purnell 2005 Minister for
Creative Industries
Culture and the Economy
“… Beijing, Shanghai and Gunagzhou are aiming to become Asia’s dominant cultural production centres – looking to export, and to make sure that economic value of cultural consumption in the huge domestic market is recouped by chinese companies…………its strategy is comprehensive, farsighted, ambitious, well resourced and intelligent – it builds partnerships with research centres in universities and larger companies as well as using all sorts of international expertise. It takes in the full range of leisure tourist, sporting, entertainment, high cultural and creative industry sectors……..”
(Justin OConnor –Creative Industries and Regeneration 2005 – in production. Manchester Centre for Popular Culture Manchester Metropolitan University)
• Worth 11.4 billion to balance of Trade (twice that of
the pharmaceutical sector)
• 8% GDA, 7.9% GDP
• Produce almost £1 in £12 of UK total GDP
• Almost 2m people employed
• 7% of total employment 20% if tourism, hospitality and sport is included
Fastest Growing Sector of the EconomySource DCMS, DTi
THE CREATIVE INDUSTRIES - UK
Economic value
• High proportion of self employment(42-80%)• Large proportion of small companies/ microbusinesses/
freelancers/ independents• Highly networked• Complex working portfolios - commonly organised around
projects• Portfolios of employment • Little desire to grow• 70% located in metropolitan areas• Particular IP issues
Dynamic, innovative sector, creativity dependent
THE CREATIVE INDUSTRIES - UK
Characteristics
DEPARTMENT OF CULTURE MEDIA & SPORTHE/FE and the Creative Industries
WORKING GROUPS
Entrepreneurship & Skills-------------------------------------• Exploring models of
entrepreneurship/self employment
• Linking with key organisations- NCGE, Sector Skills Councils, enterprise in regions, Cambridge –MIT Entrepreneurship ,NESTA, RDA
Research & Knowledge Transfer
-------------------------------------• Exploring Models of
Knowledge transfer & intellectual Property and R&D
• Linked with Arts and Humanities Research Council
• Locked into the Science and Innovation ten year framework policy document 2004-14 ---JUST!!!!!!!
Graduate Entrepreneurship Capacity
• 36.8% of the 2.3% of graduates self- employed ( 6 months post graduation) were from the creative disciplines
• Least likely to have a placement opportunity
• Surveys show they don’t feel prepared
• 50% of Flying Start (NCGE) applicants and participants - but they make up only 9% of the graduates in the UK (24,000)
• Don’t respond well to traditional business models
Significant potential - unrealised
“Cultural entrepreneurs need to develop a mix of creative and
business skills often at different stages of their careers. Education
institutions are often too inflexible to deliver these skills as and when the
entrepreneurs need them”
(Leadbeater and Oakley, 1999)
EMERGENT APPROACHES FOR ENTREPRENEURIAL LEARNING IN H.E.
Extra-curricularEnterprise Centres
Business start-up workshops
Summer schools
Incubation
Curriculum embedded Assimilated/tacit learning within programmes;
Bolt-on enterprise modules
Postgraduate ProgrammesMA/MBA creative programmes
Master of Enterprise
Continuing Professional Development (Lifelong Learning)
Short skills development courses
Knowledge Transfer Partners
External agency programmes
NESTA Creative Pioneers, Crafts Council, Design Council, Young Enterprise, National Council for Graduate Entreprise – Flying Start etc
Some great ProvisionSome great Provisionbut…but…
Not the
right kind
Not
Enough
Not available at
the right time
Too Little understanding of
current provision to make a difference
Too piecemeal -Not coherent
Enough
• The lack of informed appropriate learning provision
• No coherent co-ordinated framework to inspire and inform curriculum innovation
• Don’t know what works, where and when
• The cultural tensions & oppositions
• Lack of Incentives for curriculum innovation
• No focused policy framework to drive change Create a culture in HE that links creativity with commercial value
.
THE CHALLENGES
SO……..
What should be done????
Some Ideas ..
Let us have your views
• Targeted Pilot Initiatives around the ‘models’ of success - to work out what works for different sub-sectors and subject disciplines
• Entrepreneurship Leadership Programme
• National Creative Industries Enterprise Scheme – coherent national development of what we have got and know
Generate strategic focus -the framework- that helps prepare graduates for their portfolio careers
.
TARGETED INVESTMENTSStrategic Curriculum Innovation
• Funding for entrepreneurship provision in HE
• Capital Investment in Facilities and
Equipment
Enable the graduates - Create the entrepreneurial support for their creativity
.
TARGETED INCENTIVES
• Create a national policy framework for graduate entrepreneurship in the creative industries
• Ensure the Creative industries are incorporated into existing policy frameworks – OST, DfES, DTi,RDA
Be both strategic and operational to support the growth of the sector
.
INCORPORATE IN POLICY
EMERGING ARGUMENTS
• The Creative Industries are the fastest growing sector of the economy in the UK
• It attracts an unusually high proportion of graduates, - a significant proportion self-employed
• But the opportunities for entreprenuerial learning are limited by culture and operational factors in HE
The potential is not realised- there is a gap in provision and policy to unlock the potential in HE.
EMERGING SOLUTIONS
• But the DCMS Task Group has identified good practice
• It could be made more widespread.• A policy framework is required that creates a vision
for the development of the creative and commercial talent potential
• There is much to build on from the government policy and investment in scientific entrepreneurship
• Invest in Curriculum Innovation and CI start-up support that is well informed by current success
Enlightened focused national policy can unlock the potential
“An enterprising economy must be a skilled economy. So we must avoid the mistakes of the past when we failed to invest long term in education “ James Purnell CI Minister
“An enterprising economy must be a skilled economy. So we must avoid the mistakes of the past when we failed to invest long term in education “ James Purnell CI Minister
Given the characteristics of the creative industries, shouldn’t we be investing in
entrepreneurial learning to gain UK economic advantage from this fastest
growing sector?
Contact
Gaynor RichardsHigher and Further Education Development Manager
Department for Culture, Media and Sport
Based at: Manchester Metropolitan University
Regional Office, Ormond Building
All Saints, Oxford Road
Manchester, M15 6BX– Tel: 0161 247 4625– Fax: 0161 247 2209– Email: [email protected]