Ribeiro, A., Pais, L., and Rodrigues, A.

Influence of Mobile Phase Composition on the Preparative Separation of Profens by Chiral Liquid Chromatography

in ChemPo/2005 gth Intematio11al Chemim/ E11gimcriug Cotifereltt"c, Coimbra, Portugal, 215 t -23rd September, 2005.

(post et)

CHEMPOR 2005

Coimbra- 21st- 23rd September 2005

PROGRAMME

Wednesday 21 st September 18:00-19:30 Welcoming participants

Thursday 22"d September

Opening Session

Session 1 Chairpersons: F. Ramoa Ribeiro and Lelio Quaresma Lobo

09:30-10:15 Invited Lecture: Dr.Trevor Evans (Chief Executive& Secretary lchemE); "The role of National Societies and the European Federation of Chemical Engineering in promoting a better appreciation of chemical engineering as an essential contributor to the quality of life and to achieving a suitable future."

10:15-11 :00 Invited Lecture: Prof. Jens Nielsen (Technical University of Denmark) "The role of chemical engineering in modern biotechnology."

Coffee Break

Chairpersons: Moura Bordado and Salvador Pinheiro

11:20-12:05 Invited Lecture Eng° C. Pedro Nunes (CUF) Uma Perspectiva Estrategica da Industria da Refina9ao de Petr61eos e Petroquimica em Portugal. Chairpersons: Moura Bordado and Salvador Pinheiro

12:05-12:25 IP006- Methylacetylene and Propadiene Reactors Optimization in the Sines Repsol Steam Cracker Plant Andre A.Vilelas, Jose P. Braga Interface Team, Olefins Plant, Repsol Steam Cracker,Sines, Portugal.

12:25-12:45 IP034- Study and optimization of a hydrogen distribution network: refinery case study Andre Fonseca, Vltor Sa, Huge Bento, Manuel L.C. Tavares, Luisa A.C.N. Games Chemical Engineering Department, Institute Superior de Engenharia, I PP, Porta;

Technology Area, Galp Energia, 4451-852 Ler;:a da Palmeira, Portugal. 12:45-13:05 IP010- Separation of branched hexane isomers on zeolite BETA

Patrick S. Barcia, Jose A. C. Silva, Alirio E. Rodrigues Escoia Superior de Tecnologia e Gestae, Institute Politecnico de Braganr;:a; Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Departamento de Engenharia Qulmica, FEUPorto.

13:05-13:25 IP068- Recuperac;ao do ciclohexanol e da ciclohexanona do processo de produc;ao de anilina Femando P. Mendes, Marco A. F. Prior, Rui M. F. Andrade, Susana C. G. Caldas, Mario Jorge 0. Pinho, Laura M. T. Santos, Luis M. Castro, Nazare C. Pinheiro, Manuel A. Ramos, Belmiro P. M. Duarte Quimigal S.A., Qulmica de Portugal, Portugal; Departamento de Engenharia Qulmica, Institute Superior de Engenharia de Coimbra.

13:25-13:45 MSC031-Multivariate analysis ofthe benzene nitration process for pollution prevention Paulo A. Quadros, Marco S. Reis, Cristina M. S. G. Baptista Ge si-PSE Group, Chemical En ineering De artment, Universit of Coimbra.

12:05-12:25 ESF005-Efeito protector da matriz em catalisadores de "cracking" cataHtico em relac;ao ao envenenamento por bases azotadas G. Caeiro, Patrick Magnoux, J.M. Lopes e F. Ramoa Ribeiro CEBQ, Institute Superior Tecnico, Lisboa ; Lab. de Catalyse en Chimie Organique, Poitiers, France

12:25-12:45 ESF021· Degradac;ao fotocatalitica de corantes texteis Edilberto T. Scares, Marla A. Lansarin, Celso C. Moro, Cristina L. Souza e Natalia Klafke

1

16:25-16:45 ESF051- Effect of hydrodynamic conditions in osmotic evaporation using membrane contactors V. D. Alves, I. M. Coelhoso REQUIMTE I CQFB, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Llsboa.

Session 16 Chairpersons: Ana Paula P6voa and Adelio Mendes

16:05-16:25 QL082-Protein recovery from tannery wastewater containing chromium by nitrogen removal Francisco N.S. Basilio, Helder F.C. Marques, Marta I.G. Sousa, Raquel A.P. Silva, Nidia S. Caetano Chemical Engineering Department, lnstltuto Superior de Engenharia do Porta; LEPAE, Chemical Engineering Department, Institute Superior de Engenharia do Porta.

16:25-16:45 QL 111-Preparation of Therapeutic Contact Lenses Using Supercritical and Compressed Fluids Herminio C. de Sousa, Ana Rita C. Duarte, Joana P. Guerra, Viviana P. Costa, Eugenic O.B. Leite, Catarina M.M. Duarte, Maria H. Gll Departamento de Engenharia Quimica, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universldade de Coimbra; Institute de Biologia Experimental e Tecnol6gica, Oeiras; Faculdade de Ciemclas da Satid Universldade da Beira Interior Covilha.

~~~ ~~~~~~~~M Chairpersons: Ant6nio Portugal

16:05-16:25 QL 115-Life Cycle Assessment of bioethanol from sugar beet and wheat- comparison with gasoline Joao Malga, Fausto Freire Mechanical Engineering Department, !SEC, Coimbra Polytechnic Institute; Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra.

16:25-16:45 QL090-The emergence of a new field of application of chemical and systems engineering principles: pharmaceutical engineering Jose Cardoso de Menezes Centre for Chemical & Biological Engineering, 1ST, Technical University of Lisbon.

16:45-17:00 CoffeeB reak

Session 18 Chairpersons: Sebastiao Feyo de Azevedo and Pedro Saraiva

17:00-17:40 Chemical Engineering Education- Prof. Robert Armstrong, M IT, USA "Frontiers in Chemical Engineering Education."

17:40-18:40 Forum Chemical Engineering Education 18:40-19:00 Closing Session

POSTER SESSIONS

Thursday 22".d September

ESF-Engineering Sciences and Fundamentals

ESF001 - Mass transfer to clean bubbles at low turbulent energy dissipation Sebastlao S. Alves, Jorge M. T. Vasconcelos, Sandra P. Orvalho, Centra de Eng. Biol6gica e Qui mica, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Institute Superior Tecnico, Lisboa, Portugal. ESF003 - Plug Formation and Flow Regimes in Dense-Phase Pneumatic Conveying Femando A V. Silvano, Severino S. Pandiella Departamento de Engenharia Mecanica, Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestae, Institute Politecnico de Leir ia, Leiria, Portugal. School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, U. K. ESF004 -Dynamic model of a supercritical carbon dioxide heat exchanger Joao B. Fernandes, Pedro C. Simoes, Jose Paulo Mota REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, University Nova of Lisbon, Quinta da Terre, Caparica, Portugal. ESF006 -Safety study for scaleup of dehydroabietic acid Carlos Lopes, Carla Raminhos, Joao A.A. Lourengo Institute Nacional de Engenharia e Tecnologia Industrial, Llsboa, Portugal.

6

Jose P.B. Mota Requimte/CQFB, Departamento de Quimica, Faculdade de Ciemcias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal. ESF068 -Phase Equilibria Of Sulphur A. G. M. Ferreira1, L Q. Lobo Chemical Engineering Department, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. ESF069 -Solubility of a Spironaphthoxazine Photochromic Dye in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide: Experimental Determination and Correlation Patricia M. Coimbra, B. Mark Heron, Maria H. Gil, Catarina M.M. Duarte, Herminio C. de Sousa Departamento de Engenharia Qulmica, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade de Coimbra , Coimbra, Portugal; Institute de Biologia Experimental e Tecnologica, Oeiras, Portugal; Department of Colour and Polymer Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. ESFO?O -Applicability of Taylor-Aris Analysis to Non-Newtonian Fluids Claudio A. Filho, Carlos M. Silva, Eugenia A. Macedo, Marintho B. Quadri Departamento de Engenharia Quimica e Engenharia de Alimentos- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina- Brasil; CICECO, Departamento de Quimica, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal; LSRE - Departamento de Engenharia Quimica Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porta, Porta, Portugal. ESF071 -Kinetic Modelling of the Catalytic Cracking N-Heptane over a ZSM-5 zeolite R. Ramos Pinto, P. Barges, MAN.DA Lemos, F. Lemos, J.C. Vedrine, E.G. Derouane, F. Ramoa Ribeiro Centra de Engenharia Biologica e Qui mica, Departamento de Engenharia Quimica, Institute Superior Tecnico, Lisboa, Portugal. ISCSP, Polo Universitario do Alto da Ajuda, Lisboa, Portugal; Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Surfaces, ENSCP, Paris, France. Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Centra de lnvestiga<;ao em Quimica e Catalise, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal. ESF072 -Baker's yeast filtration through mixed beds of filtration aids and large glass beads Manuel Mota, Jose A. Teixeira, Alexander Yelshin Centra de Eng. Biologica, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal. ESF073 -Equilibrium Moisture Content and Heat of Desorption of Garlic lnes FA Mariz, Luis S. Pais, Filomena F. Barreiro, Jose A.C. Silva LSRE Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Institute Politecnico de Bragan~;a , Bragan<;a, Portugal. ESF074 -Modificac;ao p6s-srntese de zeolite BEA par desaluminac;ao acida: caracterizac;ao catalltica das amostras Joao P. Marques, lsabelle Gener, Joao C. Bordado, Jose M. Lopes, Fernando Ramoa Ribeiro, Michel Guisnet Centra de Engenharia Biologica e Quimica, Institute Superior Tecnico, Lisboa, Portugal; Laboratoire de Catalyse en Chimie Organique, Poitiers, France.

lP- Industrial Processes

IP003 -Soda Pulp From Abaca. Influence Of The Operational Variables Jose Luis Ferrer, Victoria Angulo, Antonio Perez, Enrique Ramos, Alejando Rodriguez, Luis Jimenez Departamento de lngenieria Quimica, Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; Servicio de lnvestigacion dellnstituto de la Vid y el Vino de Castilla-La Mancha, Tomelloso, Ciudad Real , Spain; Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera, Sevilla, Spain. IP009 -Influence of Mobile Phase Composition on the Preparative Separation of Profens by Chiral Liquid Chromatography Antonio E. Ribeiro, Luls S. Pais, Alfrio E. Rodrigues Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, School of Technology and Management, Bragan<;a Polytechnic Institute, Bragan<;a, Portugal Faculty of Engineering, University of Porta, Portugal IP011 -Multivariate and Multiscale Analysis of Paper Surface Marco S. Reis , Pedro M. Saraiva, Dina Angelica and Jose Ataide GEPSI - PSE Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Portucel SA, Setubal, Portugal. IP013 -Use of peracetic acid and hydrogen peroxide mixture to bleach soda abaca pulp I. Perez, E. Ramos, M.J. de la Torre, L Martinez, S.F. Calatrava, L Jimemez, J.C., Gutierrez, A. Rodriguez Chemical Engineering Group, Environmental Science Department, University Pablo Olavide, Sevilla, Spain; Chemical Engineering Department, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain. IP014 -High Solids Alkyd Resins M. Boaventura, I. Fernandes, J. L Nogueira, A.Mendes CIN, Corpora~;ao Industrial do Norte, SA, rv_1aia, Portugal; Resiquimica- Resinas Quimicas, SA, Mem Martins, Portugal; LEPAE- Departamento de Engenharia Qui mica, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porta, Porta, Portugal. IP015 -Determinac;ao da Permeabilidade de Revestimentos par Pintura ao Dioxide de Carbono e aos Ices Cloreto C. Carneiro, F.Oiiveira, J. Nogueira, A.Mendes CIN, Corpora<;ao Industrial do Norte, SA, Maia, Portugal;

10

INFLUENCE OF MOBILE PHASE COMPOSITION ON THE PREPARATIVE SEPARATION OF PROFENS BY CHIRAL LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

Ant6nio E. Ribeiro 1•2

, Lufs 5. Pais 1•2 & Alfrio E. Rodrigues 2

1. School of

Technology and Management

NTRODUCTION:

Bragan~ PolytachniG

lnsUtuta

'llu! c:lllrUty of drugs Is on lmportanl Issue for lha ~utical Industry, sinal the dll!cllllll cnunllomcn; of o mcomic: drvg may have lftSiintl phlll11Uic:o!cgbl Dttilitie!, phiUIIUialldn!!lic and phannuaxlynamic ellects. Bctausu of lis chlral &eledM!y, human body ll!lltts llilh a mcemic drug dilll!ll!nlly, and melaboliso end! cnunUomet on sepa:ile pDI!rn';lfl producing difll!lelll pharmacologi:::ll adMiy. Thus. one Isomer may produco the dcsln!d lhnnlpautic ndiv!li!s, whro the olhl!t may be lnadMI 01 oven,ln WMt cas05, produce unwantl!!l effects.

F1llrbipnJfen (Z.(2·ftuoro+biphenyl}propionlc acid) and keloprofcn 12{J. berlmytphenyl}propionic acid) babng to u fii!Wy of rmmlcafs named 2-lll}lpropionic adds, or prolens, on lmpOitant aub-cfass of fhe hequenlly presc:ribed ond usl!!l dtu!]S called nonsteroidal onfi.Wlammalory drugs

(NSAIOs). dt I tml

l F1.URBIPROftN KETOPROFEII

A amslderub!a number of lhese drugs possess nntipytvlic: uclivity In odd'dion to its llltll!Jcsic and uniJ.Inll.1Jnrna actions, and thus hove ulilily In the ln!almei'J of fmr. Tho rnam primary lndical.ions for NSAIDs fher.Jpy lndude rheumatoid llllhrili5, osleoarlhrilis, aculo gouty aJihrilis, anllylo5k1g spond)iitis and dysmenonlm Tho itnpotlanc8 of this class of drugs Is supported by fhe facllhal. In the last twenty ynm. drugs ike mpirln, phl!llliiOilC! derivaliYes ot ucelamlnophen Dll! being suppfemmled by prolens.

Duo to its good sensiiMiy, reproducibily and low cluomologfaphic Interferences, hlgh pcrfmnanca liquid chromatogrnphy (HFLC) using chlral slallonary pluases (CSPs) has been the most employed enanlioseparnUon mefhod of pmlcns. The phenytcatbamato derir.Jiiru of polysaccharide!, ~Y ceflulm ond amy1osa, shct.Y high chlral realQnilkrl when used 111 CSPs for HPLC. Among the! many derivafives, fhe Dm)lose J,s.dimethytphenylcnrbnmale (e.g. Chiralpak AD, Dilial, Japan) is tho most used on the aeparnlion of ptDfcns mccmaw.

~--'-~~,·~

~

Consilering tho prepnraliva sepamlian ollhis class ol ennnliome11, the thoial olllle mobile phase r:omposilion Is n crilicallssue, sinal d'uedly ollects fhD SJS1em produdivity by inlluendng rel!nlion lime, sl!lectivily, column ellidenty and llllubily of IIIo mcomnle. Tho cbjtdivo ol this work is m study how mobile phase composilicn, i1 terms ol acilf:c lllld Dlcoho&c rnodifiets, lnlluenr:cs llw! profen ennnliosepnllllln

SQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS: • ~pmtur: Jasa> HPLC System e:on1oi11n!J a PU-1580 pump, on lN·1575 l1U!Iiwavelengll1 deteclot sol 11260 nm end a IIIJI\Uallnf.dor Rheodyne Mill 0 2D mf loop.

Chllllh:IU and ll1tlllialr. Ethanol absolute, methanal, lsopuprl omhol, ~oo and ouloniltill! 111110 llll of HPLC grade, trillaJonlacolic acid (TfA) spcdropholnmclric y.ldo, 1,3,s.&l-/olf.bulylberwmo (as non-mtained componenl), mcemic bliprolen and mcemic kelopmlen oliii1DIJiicd orade """' llll puttha!l!d 'rem Sfgma (Madrid, Spain). I11G column usoo was a 10 Jlm Cl1iralpac.k AD (250M.6 mm) from Dilicel :hl!mical Industries (Japan). AI sepnmlians wero canied oul ut 25'C Jsing a wall!rblllh.

FORMULAE:

tz .tr, -lr, lt,-tr,

' CKNOWLEDCEMENTS: !Jnnndnlauppcll from ll1e pcr11tgvese R!D loundatiln, Fund~ par.:1 a ~nda a a Tecno!ogla (projec:IPOCM8811/EOU/2D01).

2. laboratory ol Separation

and Reaction Englneerlng

iJ LSRE School of

Engineering University of

Porto

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: SOLUBIUTV MEASUREMENTS:

(TODIC) ~bolt:~: lctnti ..... ~ ..

J#r ,~

{" b::;J:!:m

~F """"*" E!:o=<f

, .. I.ICO:nj

I . I

• .. ., ., .. ... mu ..... ""'" ,m-n.:tt;n:t<n

~ -

Tf'Cl . ....., -The Dlalholic (olhnnol) conlenl of lho mobile phmc 11>'1 .. 11-.j drasllcaDy ln!luences cnanliornl!ll solub3ly; .........

lS 11.1 -l<e!Dprolen cnnntiomen; aro not solublo i1 a puro ll.T ho..xane solvent and fls sdubilily In alaJhol

15 lU 11aeases l>ilh fho lnaeaso of lempemlure; .., •u lS 4l -AI2S 'C, ketoproleni!Ilanliomen> show inCitlnsing 15 4l SIWbi!les for pure acetoniWI!, Isopropyl ala!hol, .., !t5.ll c!hancl and melhnnol; lS 5U

IU -Aithcugh showing lovll!r IOiull:ilies fhnn keloplofen. ll1e flulblprolon cnanllomet& present lho lS )10 same fntruse In &Oiubaily with the lncrel131l ofllla

ll.l alcoho5c Clltllenl

EFFECT OF ACIDIC MODIFIER (mo•U. ......... IO'Iolta/20'!W0lii'TFA, ToQSIC)

PRESSURE DROP:

"~·~ =~:. I ' -u -· I : -o-lllC:=Ot

- I . I I ' Ios . . I ' ~ .. [ ~ . , ~~u: Cl -- _1U1f ! .!

I ~ I i I I 1 r-t-4--i- !-

' I J l 4 l I 7

~"'-Decrenslno pressure drop (pure oluents): Isopropanol, ethanol, mnlhanof,lllld n-hua.'ll!.

IIETOPROFEN FWRBIPROFUI !·.·.,._.I !;·., ... :::! •. r -ll 1 .. =-~~ -~· .. -.;-. ·""i-'~i .=t .. F.~i -1!-. ;-! ,"",.~·1""'·~~ .--~ ... :l- rTT . " = i i ." !'· ! 1. za,l""!'t -11~:,.~ ... -,;H-i -;• "i\.-;---r-1- ;-" .. ' i -~(1.!''/ [' · "' ·••,' \r ; ! \:t;1-:1 I T- "",:,.·1•!·~~':") - .. i •·1 ;~\i ·1 1-

j " 171~] 1-;"f : .. il : I t- i J.., l l"f'i 1-· j ••Ll==JII~ ''' ~., J 1; ! , I.,~. I • .' .•~ r .. . -R-ti=' ·• , I I ' In., ~ ... ~ ...... "'.' [•• 1. T .. [ -l3 .. I "' ' I ' .: ) ~ .. ' ! )l ,_! I I - I - · ·!'-···~~~...,......... F1 Ut.CttUI~UI'I.IU I U I I:LIU ......... .,. .. .. . . - r- _. " : lti ~:~i ~~ " i ·i · \·~ 1 : ~ ,,. __ bl . - - · a: 1 .-!.- ~ ~- !- : u : !- 1\ - : : 1 .. I I ' . I • •••.• , ; I • ····~·~··1 1 1 .. I ! I .• • ••• ~ . ,. ' •• :., ••• ~.,· ,•·. ·~

1 1" •• -~ '"

1" t I I .. !..!, t I ' I t I .. ~ I t J •• •• .:.• . .. tot I t I .. :...:.. I t J I t I .. ~ I I '

Tho results dearly shaN lhnl llle lnlmdudion of the acidic mocilier rlecrrwo rel!nlion ol both ennnl.iomem arullnaeaso al!lec:tmly. However, n v.'l!S found illnl a smlll Clli'ICI!IIIr.lliano!TFA[D.D1%) lsenDUIIh to ensure sepamlion and no beUer performances Dll! obtained with higher TFAcontenls. The! a resulls Dll! simiar for both prolens (llurbiprolen and ketoprolon). Alsll. the! samo rnstlls am found when~~ melhonol as solvent (rnsulls not showed).

EFFECT OF ALCOHOL MODIFIER: HYDROCARBON-ALCOHOL MIXTURES

KETOJIIIOFEH

.. ~-l;JF"l~ :: u I I I I : j . • I i 1 i ! ! • •• -'.._.,J-~·- •• t I I : • c -r- - --r--:--1- ·- ·

• -1.1'--- .. i ' I 1 '. .•sl 1 1 'i .l I / t · " 1 - 1 (., · · • i•"-·i

I t i ;-! "I ,- t - · li·~· ! '; ~-·~~ ~, ·.·i· . I " /"'~ ·• '" :•.H •• ~ ... • I r _ 1 , • , ·--r· r·-- •• :.a.a , I I J

"~~ !~:;;;,..- • I •• t I ·r= .·•. q I :::::. ~~ i I i i : J-l. ~ ' ::I •• :;_·. ·., •••••• ltJitii J ........ ~ .....

We condude lllal retention (capacity f~dorl) and molaJtion ditnWsh with lho lnaamont of lho olcohollc (l!lhanol) contenL However, sl!ledM!y remains undl!r relatively conslllnl values. Tho same oct1111 In terms of column elfidency. These rnsults reveallhnt lho use ol pum alaJho!ic solvents Is possihiC! for chlral separalions, end benaficial at a prepmfivo acale. Allhauglllho capadly fad.tn subsllnUally dlango with Ulc polar modifier c:onl!nl. lho seledlvily valuo !!!mains In lli!J\!!Iilt relntively constanl Thls Indicates lhlll moslollho specificlnlerudions, wl1icl1 delermitlellle relenlion line, aflcd both enanlioalets In o slm)arway, and, so, can be c!nsslfied as non-d1lraf In naturo.

EFFECT OF ALCOHOL MODIFIEib ALCOHOL-ALCOHOL MIXJURES

ICIJOPROFIII

1 r 1 1

Far keteprofen: Tho 1111r!n!Ton al both enanliome11 ond si!Jcdivily dect1!.1so with the lncn!ase of lha l.leOH Clltllenl Bal!l!r mob!o phase for ketoprofon separn!Ton: 80%EIOH/2li%Mr!OHIU.01%TFAor even t110%EIOIW.01%TFA.

CONCLUSIONS:

FlllllaiPAOFEH

" I Il l i I " . . . ' ,a! i I ! :: i I t,. . . . •. I . I V • :• :;•1 ~

" ·.~·­' ·--t:e ~--t

• t ••••• '

~-

, ,- ,-,1=:...:.:1 L'ic,,.,.. -• I . . I I I . -L -,-, ,-,-,-]

J -1- - ·-·-L I. - _._J ) I I -.,-

Far Flurblprofen: The relenUon Gllho fnl enan!iomer is not significantly aJiocted by the composition ofllla MeOHIEIOH mobie phaso, whia the relcn!ion of the RCOnd enanliomar lncll!ases llilh llln lncreaso of lhe MnOH canlenl SeladMiy ol5o lncll!asos v.i!h MaCH content Bellft mobile Dhose for flurblorolcn se r.Jilan: 100%1JeOHIU.DI%TFA.

Consideling lho preparative production of pure profen enantiomeiS using an amylosa-based chlrnl stationary phase, resulls show tl1al tlte optimum mobUe phase needs only a small quanUJy of acidic modifier (0.01% TFA) and can be obtained under pure alcohol content. The use of puro alcohol solvents Increases solubmty of Um racemate and decreases retention time, bolh advantages In o preparalivo scale point or view. Besides, the use of pure solvents also simplifies Its reutillzafion in a production separation process. Considering Jhe chlral separation of profen racemic mixtures, Utis work shows U1atlhe choice of lhe bailer mobile phase Is not a slmlghlforward taslt Pure melhanol (wilh a low quantity of TFA addle modifier} should be used Jo sepamte nurblprofen enantiomers: besides higher solubility, Jhe use of methanol presents higher selecUvlty and lower pressuro drop. However, considering Jhe separation of keloprofen enantiomers, pure meUtanol should be replaced by pure elhanol, since Ure former mobile phase presents low seleclivities for lhis system.