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TRANSCRIPT
APPENDICES
APPENDIX
THE SENATE SELECT COMMITTEE ON
INTELLIGENCE
AND
HOUSE PERMANENT SELECT COMMITTEE ON
INTELLIGENCE
INITIAL SCOPE OF JOINT INQUIRY
(148 Cong. Rec. H3493 (daily ed. Jun 5, 2002))
APPENDIX
THE SENATE SELECT COMMITTEE ON
INTELLIGENCE
AND
HOUSE PERMANENT SELECT COMMITTEE ON
INTELLIGENCE
SUPPLEMENTAL JOINT INQUIRY RULES
148 Cong. Rec. S5032 (daily ed. Jun 5, 2002)
148 Cong. Rec. H3493 (daily ed. Jun 12, 2002)
APPENDIX
JOINT INQUIRY HEARINGS
JOINT INQUIRY HEARINGS
Date Subject/Substance Status
Jun 4, 2002 Business Meeting Closed
Jun 5 Evolution Of The Threat Closed
Jun 6 Evolution of The Threat Closed
Jun 11 Richard Clarke ClosedFormer National Coordinator for Security, Infrastructure, and Counterterrorism
Jun 12 The Intelligence Community Before September 11 Closed
Airplanes As Weapons
Jun 18 Lt. General Michael Hayden ClosedDirector, National Security Agency
Robert Mueller Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
George Tenet Director of Central Intelligence
Jun 19 Lt. General Michael Hayden ClosedDirector, National Security Agency
George Tenet Director of Central Intelligence
Robert Mueller Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
Jul 16 Technical Collection Closed
Jul 18 Technical Collection Closed
Jul 23 Financial Campaign Closed
1
Jul 25 Analysis & Language Closed
Sep 12 Covert Action Closed
Sep 18 Representatives Of September 11 Victims’ Families Open
Sep 19 Richard Armitage OpenDeputy Secretary Of State
Samuel Berger Former National Security Advisor To The President
Brent Scowcroft Former National Security Advisor To The President
Paul Wolfowitz Deputy Secretary Of Defense
Sep 20 The Hijackers Open
Sep 24 Moussaoui & The Phoenix Electronic Communication Open
Sep 26 Moussaoui & The Phoenix Electronic Communication Closed
Sep 26 Response To The Terrorist Threat Open
Oct 1 Information Sharing Open
Oct 3 Proposed Reorganization Of The Intelligence Community Open
Oct 8 Lessons Learned Open
Oct 9 FBI/CIA Issues Closed
Oct 10 FBI/CIA Issues Closed
Robert Mueller Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
George Tenet Director of Central Intelligence
2
Oct 17 Lt. General Michael Hayden OpenDirector, National Security Agency
Robert Mueller Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
George Tenet Director of Central Intelligence
Dec 10 Business Meeting Closed
3
APPENDIX
LIST OF HEARING WITNESSES
List of Hearing Witnesses
The following is a list of witnesses who appeared before Joint Inquiry hearings conducted by the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence and the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence in open or closed session. Affiliations listed are as of the date of appearance.
June 4, 2002 Business Meeting (No Witnesses)
June 5, 2002 Alonzo Robertson, Joint Inquiry Staff John Keefe, Joint Inquiry Staff
June 6, 2002 Eleanor Hill, Director, Joint Inquiry Staff Alonzo Robertson, Joint Inquiry Staff John Keefe, Joint Inquiry Staff
June 11, 2002 Richard Clarke, Special Advisor to the President for Cyberspace Security, Executive Office of the President, former Coordinator for Security, Infrastructure, and Counterterrorism, National Security Council, 1993 -2001.
June 12, 2002 Miles Kara, Joint Inquiry StaffPatti Litman, Joint Inquiry StaffMichael Jacobson, Joint Inquiry Staff
June 18, 2002 George Tenet, Director of Central Intelligence Robert Mueller, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation Lieutenant General Michael Hayden, USAF, Director, National Security Agency
June 19, 2002 George Tenet, Director of Central Intelligence Robert Mueller, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation Lieutenant General Michael Hayden, USAF, Director, National Security Agency
July 16, 2002 Robert Rosenwald, Joint Inquiry Staff 1
Patti Litman, Joint Inquiry Staff
July 18, 2002 Lieutenant General Michael Hayden, USAF, Director, National Security AgencyDr. Donald Kerr, Deputy Director of Central Intelligence for Science and TechnologyJames Caruso, Deputy Assistant Director for Counterterrorism and Counterintelligence, Federal Bureau of Investigation
July 23, 2002 David Aufhauser, General Counsel, Department of Treasury James Sloan, Director, Financial Crimes Enforcement Network Richard Newcomb, Office of Foreign Assets Control Dennis Lormel, Section Chief, Financial Review Group, Federal Bureau of Investigation
July 25, 2002 Central Intelligence Agency Officer Defense Intelligence Agency Officer National Security Agency Officer Federal Bureau of Investigation SupervisorCentral Intelligence Agency Officer
Sept. 12, 2002 Counterterrorist Center Officers, Central Intelligence Agency Cofer Black, Former Chief, Counterterrorist Center, Central IntelligenceAgency
Sept. 18, 2002 Eleanor Hill, Director, Joint Inquiry Staff Kristin Breitweiser, Co-Founder of September 11th Advocates Stephen Push, Co-Founder and Treasurer of Families of September 11th
Sept. 19, 2002 Richard Armitage, Deputy Secretary of State Paul Wolfowitz, Deputy Secretary of Defense General Brent Scowcroft, USAF (Ret.) National Security Advisor, FordAdministration and George H.W. Bush AdministrationSamuel Berger, National Security Advisor, Clinton Administration, Second Term
Sept. 20, 2002 Eleanor Hill, Director, Joint Inquiry Staff CIA Officer FBI Special Agent Michael Rolince, Special Agent-in-Charge, Washington Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
2
Christopher Kojm, Deputy for Intelligence Policy and Coordination, Bureau of intelligence and Research, Department of State
Sept. 24, 2002 Eleanor Hill, Director, Joint Inquiry Staff FBI Special Agent, Minneapolis Field Office FBI Special Agent, Phoenix Field Office FBI Supervisor, FBI Headquarters
Sept. 26, 2002 Cofer Black, Former Chief, Counterterrorist Center, Central IntelligenceAgencyDale Watson, Former Executive Director, Counterintelligence and Counterterrorism Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI Special Agent, Minneapolis Field Office FBI Special Agent, Phoenix Field Office FBI Supervisor, FBI Headquarters Michael Rolince, Special Agent-in-Charge, Washington Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation M. E. Bowman, Deputy General Counsel, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Oct 1, 2002 Eleanor Hill, Director, Joint Inquiry Staff James S. Gilmore, III, Former Governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia and Chairman, Advisory Panel to Assess Capabilities for Domestic Response to TerrorismAmb. Francis X. Taylor, Counterterrorism Coordinator, Department of StateClaudio Manno, Acting Associate Under Secretary for Intelligence, Transportation Security Agency Joseph B. Greene, Assistant Commissioner for Investigations, U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service Louis E. Andre, Special Assistant to the Director for Intelligence, J-2, Defense Intelligence AgencyEdward T. Norris, Police Commissioner, City of Baltimore, MD
Oct 3, 2002 Eleanor Hill, Director, Joint Inquiry Staff Lee Hamilton, Former Chairman, House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, Director, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Judge William Webster, Former Director of Central Intelligence and Former Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation Lieutenant General William Odom, USA (Ret.), Former Director, National Security Agency Frederick Hitz, Former Inspector General, Central Intelligence Agency
Oct 8, 2002 Eleanor Hill, Director, Joint Inquiry Staff Warren Rudman, Former U.S. Senator
3
Judge Louis Freeh, Former Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation Mary Jo White, Former U.S. Attorney, Southern District of New York Paul Pillar, National Intelligence Officer for Near East/South Africa, Central Intelligence Agency
Oct 9, 2002 Pasquale D’Amuro, FBI Executive Assistant DirectorCIA OfficialFBI Special Agent
Oct 10, 2002 George Tenet, Director of Central Intelligence Robert Mueller, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Oct 17, 2002 Eleanor Hill, Director, Joint Inquiry Staff George Tenet, Director of Central Intelligence Robert Mueller, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation Lieutenant General Michael Hayden, USAF, Director, National Security Agency
4
APPENDIX
INTERVIEWS CONDUCTED
IN THE COURSE
OF
THE JOINT INQUIRY
SECRET
INTERVIEWS CONDUCTED IN THE
COURSE OF THE JOINT INQUIRY *
[ ], Assistant Legal Attache, Paris, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Program Manager, Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Inspection Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Assistant General Counsel, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Directorate of Science and Technology, Central Intelligence Agency
Maj. Gen. Keith Alexander, Intelligence and Security Command, Land Information Warfare Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
Charles E. Allen, Associate Director of Central Intelligence for Collection
[ ], Special Agent, Newark Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Special Agent, Washington Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Associate Director for Intelligence, Joint Chiefs of Staff
[ ], New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Headquarters, Defense Intelligence Agency
* Note: This is only a partial list of persons from whom the Joint Inquiry acquired information. It includespersons who were present for group discussions, as well as those who were interviewed individually.Foreign government officials are not included. Interviewee affiliations are as of the date of interview.Names have been redacted for both national security and privacy reasons.
1SECRET
SECRET
John Arriza, Director, TIPOFF Watchlist Program, Department of State
[ ], National Security Agency Representative to Counterterrorist Center
Maureen Baginski, Director, Signals Intelligence Directorate, National Security Agency
James Baker, Counsel for Intelligence Policy, Department of Justice
[ ], New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Assistant Legal Attache, Singapore, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Defense Attaché, U.S. Army, Tel Aviv, Israel
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
Samuel "Sandy" Berger, Former Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs
Richard Betts, Professor, Columbia University
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Special Agent, Oklahoma City Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Joe Billy, Special Agent In-Charge, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
Cofer Black, Former Chief, Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
William Black, Deputy Director, National Security Agency
[ ], Defense Intelligence Agency
[ ], [ ], [ ], Central Intelligence Agency
2 SECRET
SECRET
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Foreign Broadcast Information Service, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Section Chief, Counterintelligence Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Special Agent, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Office of General Counsel, Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
Marion E. (Spike) Bowman, Deputy General Counsel for National Security Affairs, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Former NSA Detailee to Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Directorate of Operations, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Chief of Language School, Central Intelligence Agency
John Brennan, Executive Director, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], [ ], [ ], Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Private Citizen
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Radical Fundamentalist Unit, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Robert Bryant, Former Deputy Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
Jeffrey Builta, Defense Intelligence Agency
[ ], [ ], [ ], Central Intelligence Agency
3 SECRET
SECRET
[ ], Joint Counterintelligence Assessment Group, Department of Defense
[ ], Former Special Agent, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Special Agent, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Counterterrorism Office, National Security Unit, Immigration and Naturalization Service
[ ], Senior Science Advisor, Joint Chiefs of Staff
[ ], Headquarters, Defense Intelligence Agency
[ ], Central Intelligence Agency
Lt. Gen. Michael Canavan, U.S. Army (Ret), Former Commander, Joint Special Operations Command
[ ], Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Special Agent, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Amb. Timothy Carney, Former US Ambassador to Sudan
[ ], Former Chief, CIA Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, FBI Representative to Department of State
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
James T. Caruso, FBI Deputy Executive Assistant Director for Counterintelligence and Counterterrorism
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
Ed Chase, Office of Management and Budget
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], National Security Agency Representative to Deputy Director of Central Intelligence
4 SECRET
SECRET
Richard Clarke, Former National Coordinator for Counterterrorism, Clinton and Bush Administrations
[ ], Boston Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Special Agent, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency (Retired)
[ ], Special Agent, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Headquarters, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Civil Aviation Security Field Office, Minneapolis Airport, Department of Transportation
Jay Corcoran, Director of Intelligence, U.S. Customs Service
[ ], Information Operation Specialist, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], [ ], [ ], Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], National Security Agency
Roger Cressey, National Security Counsel
William P. Crowell, Former Deputy Director, National Security Agency
[ ], Special Agent, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], National Security Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
Pasquale D'Amuro, Assistant Director, Counterterrorist Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Maj. Gen. Keith Dayton, Director of Operations, Defense Intelligence Agency
5 SECRET
SECRET
[ ], National Security Agency
[ ], Special Agent, Phoenix Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
John Deutch, Former Director of Central Intelligence
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Assistant Legal Attache, Islamabad, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Division Chief, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Inspection Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Patrick Duecy, Director, Joint Intelligence Task Force, Defense Intelligence Agency
[ ], Director, Executive Secretary, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Legal Attaché, London, England, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Special Agent, Boston Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], National Security Agency
[ ], Special Agent, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Department of State Representative to Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Headquarters, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ],Radical Fundamentalist Unit, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], [ ], [ ], [ ], [ ],Central Intelligence Agency
6 SECRET
SECRET
[ ], U.S. Customs Service
[ ], Legal Attaché, Brussels and The Hague, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ],Supervisory Special Agent, Radical Fundamentalist Unit, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Office of General Counsel, Counterterrorist Center, Central intelligence Agency
Louis J. Freeh, Former Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Vice Adm. Scott Fry, Commander, 6th Fleet, Former Deputy Director of Operations, Joint Chiefs of Staff
[ ], Former Federal Bureau of Investigation Special Agent
[ ], Special Agent, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], National Security Agency
[ ], Portland Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Federal Bureau of Investigation Representative to Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Special Agent, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Acting Legal Attaché, Tel Aviv, Israel, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Language Specialist, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Special Agent, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
7 SECRET
SECRET
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Private Citizen
[ ], Legal Attaché, Berlin, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], [ ], Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], [ ], [ ], Central Intelligence Agency
William Gore, Special Agent In-Charge, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Brig. Gen. Scott Gration, Former Deputy Director Information Operations, Joint Chiefs of Staff
[ ], Counterterrorist Referent, [ ], Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], [ ], Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Chief, Language Services Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Former [ ] Division Chief of Operations, [ ],Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], National Security Agency
Carol Haave, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Security and Information Operations
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Special Agent, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], National Imagery and Mapping Agency
8 SECRET
SECRET
Lee Hamilton, Former House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence Chairman,Director, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars,
Director, Center on Congress at Indiana University
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation
John Hamre, Former Deputy Secretary of Defense, Former Comptroller, Department of Defense
[ ], Associate Deputy Director of Central Intelligence for Operations for Resources,Plans and Policy
[ ], Special Agent, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Former Supervisory Special Agent, Phoenix Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ],Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], National Imagery and Mapping Agency
[ ], Headquarters, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Immigration and Naturalization Service
[ ], Special Agent, Phoenix Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation Retiree)
Richard Haver, Special Assistant for Intelligence, Office of the Secretary of Defense
Lt. Gen Michael Hayden, Director, National Security Agency
Christine Healey, Minority Counsel, House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
[ ], Booz Allen & Hamilton
[ ], General Accounting
Frederick Hitz, Former Inspector General, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], National Security Agency
[ ], [ ], Division Chief, Central Intelligence Agency
Office
9 SECRET
SECRET
[ ], Acting Legal Attaché, London, England, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Private Citizen
Karl Inderfurth, Former Assistant Secretary of State for South Asia
[ ], National Security Agency
Rear Adm. Lowell E. Jacoby, Director, Defense Intelligence Agency, Joint Chiefs of Staff
[ ], Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Robert Jervis, Professor, Columbia University
[ ], [ ], [ ], Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Special Agent, Boston Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Defense Intelligence Agency
[ ], Special Agent, Minneapolis Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], National Security Agency Representative to Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Special Agent, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], National Security Agency
Donald Kerr, Deputy Director of Central Intelligence for Science and Technology
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
10 SECRET
SECRET
[ ], Defense Intelligence Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], National Security Agency Representative to Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Directorate for Science and Technology, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Former Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
David Kris, Associate Deputy Attorney General, Department of Justice
Capt. Michael Kuhn, U.S. Navy
[ ], Special Agent, Phoenix Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, Phoenix Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Thomas Kuster, Director of Counterterrorism Policy, Department of Defense
[ ], Assistant Special Agent In-Charge, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, Boston Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Language Specialist, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, Headquarters, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Matthew Levitt, Washington Institute for Near East Policy
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, Headquarters, Federal Bureau of Investigation
11 SECRET
SECRET
[ ], Deputy Assistant Director, Inspection Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], National Security Agency
[ ], National Security Agency
John Louder, National Reconnaissance Agency
Mark Lowenthal, Associate Director of Central Intelligence for Analysis and Production
[ ], Department of State
[ ], Headquarters, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, Cleveland Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Central Intelligence Agency
Claudio Manno, Federal Aviation Administration, Transportation Security Administration
[ ], Headquarters, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Headquarters, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], National Security Agency
[ ], Department of State
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Special Agent, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], U.S. Navy
12 SECRET
SECRET
[ ], Assistant Special Agent In-Charge, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Mary McCarthy, Former Senior Director for Intelligence Programs, National Security Council
Steven McCraw, Special Agent In-Charge, San Antonio Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Immigration and Naturalization Service Representative to Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Special Agent, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Barbara McNamara, Former Deputy Director, National Security Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Special Agent, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Mark Miller, Central Intelligence Agency Representative to Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Chief Information Officer, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Immigration and Naturalization Service
[ ], National Security Agency
Lt. Gen. Kenneth Minihan, Former Director, National Security Agency
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Special Agent, Dallas Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Special Agent, Dallas Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Office of Homeland Security
13 SECRET
SECRET
[ ], National Security Agency
[ ], Defense Intelligence Agency
[ ], Special Agent, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Division Chief, National Security Agency
[ ], [ ], [ ], Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Former Analyst, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Analyst, Central Intelligence Agency
Lt. Gen. Gregory Newbold, Former Director of Operations, Joint Chiefs of Staff
[ ], Central Intelligence Agency
Glenn Nordin, Assistant Director of Intelligence Policy (Language), Department of Defense
[ ], Immigration and Naturalization Service
[ ], Defense Intelligence Agency
[ ], Headquarters, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Former Chief, Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Central Intelligence Agency Analyst, [ ]
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Analyst, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Customs Representative to CIA Counterterrorist Center
[ ], Headquarters, Federal Bureau of Investigation
14 SECRET
SECRET
James Pavit, Deputy Director of Central Intelligence for Operations
[ ], Defense Intelligence Agency
[ ], Central Intelligence Agency Representative to FBI New York Field Office
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, Dallas Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], [ ], [ ], Central Intelligence Agency
Thomas Pickard, Former Deputy Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Assistant Special Agent In-Charge, Sacramento Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Paul Pillar, National Intelligence Officer for Near East, South Africa, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Special Agent, Phoenix Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
John Pistole, Deputy Assistant Director, Counterterrorism Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Special Agent, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Assistant General Counsel, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Unit Chief, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Deputy Director, Office of Budget, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Office of General Counsel, National Security Agency
[ ], Assistant Special Agent In-Charge, Boston Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], National Security Agency
[ ], Analyst, Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], [ ], [ ], Central Intelligence Agency
15 SECRET
SECRET
COL Richard G. Reynolds, Defense Attaché, Amman, Jordan
Keith Rhodes, Chief Technologist, Center for Technology and Engineering, General Accounting Office
Susan Rice, Former Senior Director for African Affairs, National Security Council
[ ], Analyst, [ ], Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], U. S. Customs Service
[ ], Language School, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Federal Aviation Administration
Michael Rolince, Headquarters, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Federal Bureau of Investigation Special Agent attached to Joint Terrorist Task Force
[ ], Special Agent, Minneapolis Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Colleen Rowley, Principal Legal Advisor, Minneapolis Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Mary Ryan, Assistant Secretary of State for Consular Affairs
[ ], Office of General Counsel, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Federal Aviation Administration Representative to Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Special Agent, Minneapolis Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Jerry Savage, Office of Inspector General, Department of Defense
[ ], Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
16 SECRET
SECRET
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Central Intelligence Agency, [ ]
[ ], Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Central Intelligence Agency
John Schuhart, Director, Resource Management Office, Community Management Staff
[ ], Special Agent, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], National Security Agency Representative to Deputy Director of Central Intelligence
[ ], [ ], [ ], Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Oklahoma City Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Directorate of Science and Technology, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], National Security Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], National Security Agency
[ ], Special Agent, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Michael Sheehan, Ambassador to the UN, former Coordinator for Counterterrorism, Department of State
Michael Sheehy, Minority Staff Director, House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
Gen. Hugh Shelton, Former Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff
[ ], Director, Office of the Budget, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Defense Intelligence Agency
[ ], Central Intelligence Agency, [ ], [ ]
17 SECRET
SECRET
[ ], Deputy Counsel for Operations, Department of Justice
[ ], Special Agent, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Special Agent, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
James Sloan, Director, Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, Department of Treasury
[ ], National Security Agency
[ ], Immigration and Naturalization Representative to CIA Counterterrorist Center
[ ], Special Agent, Kansas City Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Department of State
[ ], Special Agent, New York City Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], National Security Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Headquarters Analyst, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Counterterrorist Center Analyst, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], National Security Agency
Roy Surrett, Director of Intelligence, U.S. Customs Service
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Language Specialist, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Special Agent, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Francis X. Taylor, Ambassador at Large for Coordination and Implementation of Government-wide U.S. Counterterrorism Policy, Department of State
Richard Taylor, Former Deputy Director of Operations, National Security Agency
18 SECRET
SECRET
[ ], Joint Intelligence Task Force-Counterterrorism, Defense Intelligence Agency
[ ], Headquarters Analyst, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], National Security Agency
[ ], Inspection Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
Frances Fragos Townsend, Former Counsel for Intelligence Policy, Department of Justice
[ ], Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Directorate of Operations Senior Official, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Boston Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Headquarters Analyst, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Analyst, National Security Agency
[ ], Chicago Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation (Retired)
[ ], [ ], [ ], [ ], Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Defense Intelligence Agency
19 SECRET
SECRET
[ ], Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Counteterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Chief of Operations, [ ],, Central Intelligence Agency
Maj. Gen. Ward, U.S. Army, Vice Director of Operations, Joint Chiefs of Staff
[ ], Defense Intelligence Agency, Department of Defense
[ ], Directorate for Science and Technology, Central Intelligence Agency
Dale Watson, Executive Assistant Director for Counterterrorism and Counterintelligence,Federal Bureau of Investigation
William Webster, Former Director of Central Intelligence, Former Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], [ ], [ ], [ ], National Security Agency
[ ], Financial Review Group, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Counterterrorist Center Analyst, Central Intelligence Agency
Linton Wells, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defenseand Intelligence), Department of Defense
[ ], Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], [ ], [ ], Central Intelligence Agency
Mary Jo White, Former U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York
[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Former Special Agent, Milwaukee Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Special Agent, Phoenix Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
(Command, Control, Communications
20 SECRET
SECRET
[ ], Central Intelligence Agency
[ ], Central Intelligence Agency Representative to Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], [ ], [ ], [ ], National Security Agency
Vice Adm. Thomas Wilson (Ret), Former Director, Defense Intelligence Agency
[ ], Boston Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], National Security Law Unit, Federal Bureau of Investigation
[ ], Finance Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation
James Woolsey, Former Director of Central Intelligence
[ ], Former Special Agent, Chicago Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Austin Yamada, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations, Department of Defense
[ ], Special Agent, Oklahoma City Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Wayne Zaidemann, Legal Attaché, Amman, Jordan, Federal Bureau of Investigation
21 SECRET
APPENDIX
COUNTERTERRORISM ORGANIZATIONS WITHIN
THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY
SECRET
COUNTERTERRORISM ORGANIZATIONS WITHIN
THEINTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY
(As of December 31, 2002)
The U.S. Intelligence Community currently consists of the Office of the Directorof Central Intelligence, the Central Intelligence Agency, the National Security Agency, the Defense Intelligence Agency, the National Imagery and Mapping Agency, the National Reconnaissance Office, other specialized offices within the Department of Defense, the intelligence elements of the military services, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Department of the Treasury, the Department of Energy, the Bureau of Intelligence and Research of the Department of State, and the Coast Guard.
PRIMARY COUNTERTERRORISM AGENCIES
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
The Counterterrorist Center (CTC) is the CIA’s primary counterterrorism component. In 1993, a special unit was established within the CTC, the Bin Ladin Issue Station, with personnel from CIA, NSA, FBI and other agencies to develop intelligence on Bin Ladin and his organization. The CIA worked alone and with friendly foreign intelligence services to disrupt Bin Ladin, degrade his ability to engage in terrorism, and bring him to justice.
[Within CTC, several units focus on al-Qa’ida:
• The [ ] Extremist CT Operations Group, the CTC operational arm, tracks al-Qa’ida and other [ ] radical groups. In 1996, the CTC created [the Bin Ladin Issue] Station to target Bin Ladin and his network, [
]. The CTC’s [ ] ExtremistBranch also follows a range of radical [ ] groups, which are not part of al-Qa’ida, but often share personnel, provide logistical support, or otherwise assist it.
• The Office of Terrorism Analysis, the CTC’s analytic arm, is responsible for providing analytical products on terrorism. OTA now has approximately [ ] analysts. Before September 11, its [ ] analysts were part of the smaller Assessments and Information Group, which was organized into five branches, only one of which focused (partially) on Bin Ladin.
1
SECRET
SECRET
• [The Renditions Group (formerly the Renditions Branch) [ ].
From 1986 to September 2001, the Renditions Branch was involved in several dozen renditions].
• [The Financial Operations Group, which was established after September11, grew out of the Bin Ladin Station’s efforts to track Bin Ladin’s financial activities. [
].
The CIA developed an operational strategy, referred to as “the Plan,” so that CTC could react quickly to operational opportunities, renditions, and analysis to disrupt and capture Bin Ladin and his principal lieutenants.
To execute its plan against Bin Ladin, CTC developed a program to train and position personnel and move experienced operations officers into the Center to identify, vet, and hire qualified personnel for counterterrorism assignments. They sought fluency in Mid-East and South-Asian languages, combined with police, military, business,technical, or academic expertise, and established an eight week advanced counterterrorism operations course.
From 1999 to September 11, human intelligence sources against terrorism grew by more than fifty percent. Working across agencies, and in some cases with foreign services, the CIA designed and built [ ] for specific use against Al-Qa’ida inside Afghanistan. By September 11, sufficient collection programs and human networks were in place to cover almost all of Afghanistan.
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
The FBI within the Department of Justice is the principal law-enforcement arm of the government and the lead agency responsible for counterterrorism in the United States.
In 1999, the Counterterrorism Division was established in FBI Headquarters, incorporating the International Terrorism Operations Division, the Domestic Terrorism Division, the National Domestic Preparedness Office, and the National Infrastructure Protection Center. The Radical Fundamentalist Unit and the Bin Ladin Unit becameoperational units within the International Terrorism Operations Section. These units advise field offices on Attorney General Guidelines and coordinate field terrorism investigations.
Since the 1980s, the FBI’s New York Field Office has had the principal role in the FBI’s counterterrorism effort. It has been the lead field office for Bin Ladin investigations and was the first to establish a Joint Terrorism Task Force of state and federal law enforcement and intelligence personnel.
2
SECRET
SECRET
A reorganization of the FBI’s Counterterrorism Division was announced in May 2002, which includes:
• Headquarters centralization of counterterrorism programs• Joint Terrorism Task Forces in all field offices and a National
JTTF at Headquarters • Flying Squads to support field operations • Enhanced counterterrorism and analytical training • Shifting 518 field agents from criminal investigations to
counterterrorism
National Security Agency (NSA)
Within NSA, a Department of Defense entity, responsibility for collecting, processing, analyzing, and reporting signals intelligence (SIGINT) is centered principally within the Signals Intelligence Directorate created in February 2001. Within SID, the Counterterrorism Product Line has the lead for SIGINT production on counterterrorism targets. CT Product Line personnel increased from approximately [ ] before September 11 to about [ ] in April 2002.
A portion of NSA’s counterterrorism SIGINT reports comes from other product lines within SID:
• [].
• [].
• [].
• [].
Department of State
The Bureau of Intelligence and Research (INR), the intelligence arm of the Department of State, has three units involved in counterterrorism: the Office of Analysis for Terrorism, Narcotics and Crime, the Office of Intelligence Coordination, and the Office of Intelligence Operations. Outside INR, a Coordinator for Counterterrorism is responsible for developing counterterrorism policy.
The State Department also works closely with the Justice Department’sImmigration and Naturalization Service to prevent terrorist suspects from entering the United States. To this end, the State Department maintains two key counter-terrorism databases:
3
SECRET
SECRET
• TIPOFF, a classified database within INR containing the names of foreigners who are not allowed to enter the United States because of ties to terrorism and other illegal activities and
• The Consular Lookout and Support System (CLASS), an unclassified database designed to assist in visa processing.
Information in TIPOFF and CLASS is derived from the Intelligence Community and other sources, such as the Immigration and Naturalization Service, the Drug EnforcementAgency, the Customs Service, and the Federal Aviation Authority. All consular officersmust use the CLASS system before issuing visas.
Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA)
DIA is the Department of Defense element that produces and managesintelligence for the Secretary of Defense. Within DIA, the offices principally responsible for counterterrorism include the Defense Human Intelligence Service and the JointIntelligence Task Force-Combating Terrorism.
Since July 2001, the Joint Terrorism Task Force – Counterterrism (JITF-CT) has been the focal point for all DIA counterterrorism analysis and production. The JITF-CT provides warnings, threat assessments, and all-source analysis and production and serves as a counterterrorism knowledge base within the Department of Defense.
Department of Transportation (DoT)
Within DoT, the U.S. Coast Guard and the Transportation SecurityAdministration play a role in the government’s counterterrorism mission. Pursuant to the Intelligence Authorization Act of 2002, the Coast Guard has become an Intelligence Community member. After September 11, DoT established the Transportation Security Administration, within which the Transportation Security Intelligence Service coordinates intelligence support and provides current and strategic warnings on threats to U.S. transportation.
Department of Treasury
Within Treasury, the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network is responsible forassisting U.S. intelligence and law enforcement agencies in tracking the movement of terrorist funds.
4
SECRET
APPENDIX
EVOLUTION OF THE TERRORIST THREAT
AND THE U.S. RESPONSE
1983 – 2001
TOP
SEC
RET
Evol
utio
n of
the
terr
oris
t thr
eat a
nd U
.S. r
espo
nse,
198
3-20
01
The
Bui
ldin
g T
hrea
t: P
re-1
993
Year
“Big
pic
ture
” vi
ewSe
lect
ed, m
ajor
terr
oris
t eve
nts
U.S
. ins
titut
iona
l res
pons
es to
terr
oris
m
1979
Sov
iet i
nvas
ion
of A
fgha
nist
an.
Leba
nese
civ
il w
ar a
lread
y un
derw
ay.
1980
Firs
t FB
I Joi
nt T
erro
rism
Tas
k Fo
rce
esta
blis
hed
in N
Y C
ity.
1981
1982
Jun.
Isra
eli i
nvas
ion
of L
eban
on.
Sep
. U.S
. Mar
ine
peac
ekee
ping
pre
senc
ees
tabl
ishe
d in
Leb
anon
follo
win
gas
sass
inat
ion
of L
eban
ese
Pre
side
nt.
1983
18 A
pr. B
ombi
ng o
f U.S
. em
bass
y in
Bei
rut.
63 k
illed,
incl
udin
gC
IA’s
Mid
dle
Eas
t dire
ctor
. 12
0 in
jure
d. (I
slam
ic J
ihad
.)
23 O
ct. M
arin
e ba
rrac
ks b
ombi
ng in
Bei
rut.
241
Mar
ines
kille
d. F
renc
h ba
se a
ttack
ed.
(Isla
mic
Jih
ad.)
1984
26 F
eb. U
.S. M
arin
es d
epar
t Leb
anon
.16
Mar
. CIA
offi
cerW
illia
m B
uckl
ey k
idna
pped
in B
eiru
t. O
ther
U.S
. citi
zens
not
con
nect
ed to
th
e U
.S. g
over
nmen
t are
kid
napp
ed o
ver t
he
next
two
year
s.
12 A
pr. H
ezbo
llah
bom
bed
rest
aura
nt n
ear
U.S
. airb
ase
near
Tor
rejo
n, S
pain
, killi
ng 1
8 U
.S. s
ervi
cem
en. 8
3 in
jure
d.
TOP
SEC
RET
1
TOP
SEC
RET
20 S
ep. H
ezbo
llah
Bom
bing
of U
.S. e
mba
ssy
anne
x in
Bei
rut.
14 A
mer
ican
s ki
lled.
1985
14 J
un. T
WA
847
hija
cked
by H
ezbo
llah
terr
oris
ts.
7 O
ct.A
chille
Lau
ro h
ijack
ing.
Pal
estin
ian
Libe
ratio
n Fr
ont t
ook
700
host
ages
.1
U.S
. ci
tizen
kille
d.
23 N
ov. E
gypt
Air
fligh
t fro
m A
then
s to
Mal
ta
carr
ying
seve
ral U
.S. c
itize
ns h
ijack
ed b
y A
bu
Nid
al G
roup
.
Dec
. Rom
e/Vi
enna
airp
ort b
ombi
ngs
by A
buN
idal
Org
aniz
atio
n.D
ec. V
ice
Pre
side
nt’s
Rep
ort o
n C
omba
ting
Terr
oris
m. 4
0 re
com
men
datio
ns. K
ey
reco
mm
enda
tions
: Pre
side
ntia
l [di
rect
ive]
rega
rdin
g te
rror
ism
, Nat
iona
l Sec
urity
Dec
isio
nD
irect
ive
207,
est
ablis
h a
CTC
.
1986
30 M
ar. P
ales
tinia
nsp
linte
r gro
up d
eton
ated
a
bom
b as
TW
A 8
40 a
ppro
ache
d A
then
s, k
illin
gfo
ur U
.S. c
itize
ns.
5 A
pr. B
ombi
ng o
f La
Bel
le d
isco
in B
erlin
,G
erm
any,
kill
ing
two
U.S
. ser
vice
men
and
one
Tu
rkis
h ci
vilia
n. 2
00 w
ound
ed. T
race
d to
Li
byan
per
petra
tors
.
20 J
an. P
resi
dent
sig
nsN
SD
D-2
07, w
hich
delin
eate
s br
oad
outli
nes
of U
.S. g
over
nmen
t po
licy
for d
ealin
g w
ith te
rroris
m a
nd s
et in
pla
ce
gove
rnm
ent-w
ide
mec
hani
sms
for r
espo
ndin
g to
th
e em
ergi
ng th
reat
.
Feb/
Mar
. CIA
est
ablis
hes
CTC
.
9 A
pr. O
pera
tion
El D
orad
o C
anyo
n. U
.S.
bom
bing
of L
ibya
.
Spr
ing.
Dire
ctiv
e si
gned
that
aut
horiz
es C
IA to
co
nduc
t cer
tain
cou
nter
terro
rism
act
iviti
es.
TOP
SEC
RET
2
TOP
SEC
RET
27 A
ug. O
mni
bus
Dip
lom
atic
Sec
urity
and
Ant
iterr
oris
mA
ct e
xpan
ds F
BI j
uris
dict
ion
to
incl
ude
viol
ence
aga
inst
U.S
. nat
iona
ls a
broa
d.
1987
Sep
. Ren
ditio
n of
Faw
az Y
unis
, wan
ted
for
hija
ckin
g R
oyal
Jor
dani
anai
rline
r in
whi
ch 6
Am
eric
ans
kille
d. [
].[
].19
8817
Feb
. U.S
. Mar
ine
LtC
ol W
illiam
Hig
gins
kidn
appe
d/m
urde
red
by Ir
ania
n-ba
cked
Hez
bolla
h.
14 A
pr. O
rgan
izat
ion
of J
ihad
Brig
ades
expl
oded
a c
ar b
omb
outs
ide
a U
SO
clu
b in
N
aple
s, It
aly,
killi
ng o
ne U
.S. s
ailo
r.
21 D
ec. B
ombi
ng o
f Pan
Am
103
ove
r Lo
cker
bie,
Sco
tland
.
1989
15 F
eb. S
ovie
t with
draw
alfro
m A
fgha
nist
anco
mpl
eted
.13
Oct
. Ter
roris
t Thr
eat W
arni
ng S
yste
mes
tabl
ishe
d.
1990
Aug
. Ira
q in
vade
s K
uwai
t. U
.S. l
aunc
hes
Ope
ratio
n D
eser
t Shi
eld.
TOP
SEC
RET
3
TOP
SEC
RET
1991
Jan-
Mar
. Ope
ratio
n D
eser
t Sto
rm e
xpel
s Ira
qifo
rces
from
Kuw
ait.
Apr
. Ope
ratio
n P
rovi
de C
omfo
rt. S
afe
have
ns
for K
urdi
sh re
fuge
es in
nor
ther
n Ira
q. T
his
oper
atio
n ev
entu
ally
bec
omes
enf
orce
men
t of
no-fl
y zo
nes
over
nor
ther
n/so
uthe
rn Ir
aq,
oper
atio
ns w
hich
con
tinue
to th
is d
ay a
nd
resu
lted
in a
larg
e, s
emi-p
erm
anen
t U.S
. m
ilitar
y pr
esen
ce in
the
Per
sian
Gul
f reg
ion.
Jan/
Feb.
CTC
thw
arts
Iraq
i age
nts’
pla
nsw
orld
wid
e.
18-1
9 Ja
n. Ir
aqi a
gent
s pl
ante
d bo
mbs
at th
e U
.S. A
mba
ssad
or to
Indo
nesi
a’s
resi
denc
ean
d at
the
USI
S li
brar
y in
Man
ila.
1992
Ris
e of
jiha
dist
mov
emen
t.
Dec
. U.S
. Ope
ratio
n R
esto
re H
ope
to p
rovi
de
hum
anita
rian
relie
f to
Som
alia
. D
ec. A
ttack
on
Ade
n ho
tel h
ousi
ngU
.S.
serv
ice
mem
bers
for t
he o
pera
tion
in S
omal
ia.
Pos
sibl
y th
e fir
st a
ttack
by
UB
L’s
netw
ork.
TOP
SEC
RET
4
TOP
SEC
RET
The
Hun
t for
bin
Lad
in, 1
993-
2001
Year
“Big
pic
ture
” de
velo
pmen
tsTe
rror
ist a
ttack
s an
d “t
actic
al”
coun
tert
erro
rist a
ctio
nsU
.S. “
stra
tegi
c” re
spon
ses
to th
e te
rror
ist t
hrea
tO
ther
inte
llige
nce
actio
ns
and
issu
es
1993
Bin
Lad
in in
Sud
an.
26 A
pr.
[Inte
lligen
ce w
arns
that
[
] is
incr
easi
ngly
con
vinc
ed th
at U
.S.
is w
orki
ng fo
r its
ove
rthro
w, a
nd
may
be
prep
arin
g to
spo
nsor
terro
rist a
ttack
s ag
ains
t U.S
.
26 F
eb. W
orld
Tra
de C
ente
rbo
mbi
ng.
20 M
ar.
Sar
in g
as a
ttack
in T
okyo
su
bway
kills
12, s
icke
ns 5
000.
Aum
Shi
nrik
yo re
spon
sibl
e.
23 M
ar. R
endi
tion
of A
bu H
alim
a,
susp
ect i
n W
orld
Tra
de C
ente
rbo
mbi
ng [
]to
FBI c
usto
dy.
14 A
pr. I
raqi
Inte
llige
nce
Serv
ice
atte
mpt
to a
ssas
sina
te fo
rmer
P
resi
dent
Bus
h in
Kuw
ait t
hwar
ted.
2 A
pr.
[CIA
pap
er c
hara
cter
izes
UB
L as
“ind
epen
dent
act
or [w
ho]
som
etim
esw
orks
with
oth
erin
divi
dual
s or
gov
ernm
ents
[ ]
[] [
to] p
rom
ote
milit
ant I
slam
ic
caus
es th
roug
hout
the
regi
on…
”[H
is g
roup
alm
ost c
erta
inly
pla
yed
a ro
le in
an
earli
erbo
mbi
ngdi
rect
edag
ains
t U.S
. int
eres
ts].
20 A
pr.
NID
: [H
undr
eds
of Is
lam
icm
ilita
nts
rece
ived
trai
ning
dur
ing
the
past
yea
r at m
ilitar
y ca
mps
in
Afg
hani
stan
. [
][
][
][
].
TOP
SEC
RET
5
TOP
SEC
RET
inte
rest
s in
the
coun
try.
May
. [
][
][
][
][
].
Sep.
[ ]
[]
[]
[]
[].
24 J
un. A
rres
t of 8
sub
ject
s—in
clud
ing
5 Su
dane
se—
plot
ting
to
bom
b N
Y C
ity la
ndm
arks
—U
.N.
build
ing,
26
Fede
ral P
laza
, and
Li
ncol
n/H
olla
nd tu
nnel
s.
2 Ju
l. S
hayk
h A
bdel
Rah
man
is
deta
ined
by
FBI i
n co
nnec
tion
with
th
e W
orld
Tra
de C
ente
r bom
bing
.
25 A
ug, S
hayk
h R
ahm
an is
in
dict
ed. R
ahm
an is
the
spiri
tual
lead
er o
f bot
h G
ama’
at a
l-Isl
amiy
aan
dE
gypt
ian
Isla
mic
Jih
ad.
Sep
.[C
IA fi
le s
umm
ary
prep
ared
on
UB
L re
ports
that
[
][
][
][
][
]
Sep
.C
IA H
Q s
ends
requ
irem
ents
to o
vers
eas
stat
ions
to a
sses
s vu
lner
abilit
y of
UB
L ne
twor
k [
][
][
][
].
30 N
ov.
[Iden
tific
atio
n of
in
telli
genc
e ta
rget
sas
soci
ated
with
UB
L an
d te
rror
ist-r
elat
ed a
ctiv
ities
].
TOP
SEC
RET
6
TOP
SEC
RET
1994
[] F
eb.
[ ]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
9 M
ar.
UB
Lde
nies
link
with
terro
rism
in in
terv
iew
with
Lo
ndon
-bas
ed S
audi
opp
ositi
onpa
per,
Al Q
uds
Al-A
rabi
.
14 A
ug. S
udan
han
ds o
ver
Car
los
the
Jack
al to
Fra
nce.
Fall.
Talib
anm
ovem
ent
esta
blis
hed
in K
anda
har,
Afg
hani
stan
.
30 M
ay. [
]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
11O
ct.
CIA
Offi
ce o
f Ins
pect
orG
ener
al in
spec
tion
of C
IA’s
Cou
nter
terr
oris
t Cen
ter f
inds
that
th
reat
spo
sed
by s
ome
stat
e-sp
onso
red
and
leftw
ing
terr
oris
t gr
oups
hav
e de
clin
edw
hile
thre
ats
from
radi
calr
elig
ious
, eth
nic,
and
TOP
SEC
RET
7
TOP
SEC
RET
11 D
ec.
Phi
lippi
nes
airli
ner
bom
bed.
1 p
asse
nger
kille
d.
24 D
ec.
Mem
bers
of t
he A
rmed
Is
lam
icG
roup
sei
zed
an A
ir Fr
ance
fligh
t to
Alg
eria
; the
y ap
pare
ntly
in
tend
ed to
cra
sh it
into
the
Eiff
el
Tow
er.T
he fo
ur te
rror
ists
wer
e ki
lled
durin
g a
resc
ue e
ffort.
non-
gove
rnm
ent t
erro
rist g
roup
sha
ve in
crea
sed…
Big
gest
wea
knes
s w
as li
mite
d ab
ility
to
war
n of
impe
ndin
g at
tack
.Diff
icul
tyof
pen
etra
ting
terr
oris
t gro
ups
caus
ed th
is w
eakn
ess.
1995
7 Ja
n. P
hilip
pine
pol
ice
disc
over
Ram
zi Y
ouse
f’s b
ombm
akin
g la
b an
d ar
rest
acc
ompl
ice
Abd
ulH
akim
Mur
ad. C
aptu
red
mat
eria
lsre
veal
ed Y
ouse
f’s p
lot t
o bl
ow u
p th
e P
ope,
U.S
., an
d Is
rael
i em
bass
ies
in M
anila
, Uni
ted
Airl
ines
airc
raft
flyin
g A
sian
rout
es,
and
to c
rash
a p
lane
into
CIA
HQ
. M
urad
als
o te
lls P
hilip
pine
auth
oriti
es th
at Y
ouse
f was
invo
lved
in th
e W
orld
Tra
de C
ente
rbo
mbi
ng a
nd p
lant
ed b
omb
on th
e P
hilip
pine
airl
iner
in D
ec 9
4.
10 F
eb. R
amzi
You
sef e
xtra
ditio
n fro
m P
akis
tan.
19 A
pr. B
ombi
ng o
f Mur
rah
Fede
ral
Bld
g in
Okl
ahom
a C
ity.
25 J
an.
CTC
brie
fs N
SC
. [
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
2 M
ar.
Pre
side
nt s
igns
Pre
side
ntia
lD
ecis
ion
Dire
ctiv
e 35
pro
vidi
ngov
erar
chin
g in
telli
genc
e gu
idan
ce.
Terro
rism
is a
Tie
r 1B
issu
e.In
tellig
ence
requ
irem
ents
: col
lect
ion
info
rmat
ion
on p
lans
/inte
ntio
nsin
side
terr
oris
t circ
les,
incr
ease
Nea
r Eas
t, S
outh
Asi
a, a
nd Is
lam
ic
cultu
ral a
nd la
ngua
ge e
xper
tise,
expa
nsio
n of
Spr
ing.
[ ] p
rovi
des
mos
t sig
nific
ant r
epor
ting
onU
BL to
dat
e. [
][
][
][
][
].
TOP
SEC
RET
8
TOP
SEC
RET
Jun.
Ass
assi
natio
n at
tem
pt o
n M
ubar
ak in
Add
is A
baba
. UB
L-au
thor
ized
ope
ratio
n. L
inka
ges
to
Egy
ptia
n Is
lam
ic J
ihad
and
Egy
ptia
n al
-Gam
a’at
Isla
miy
a.
[] J
un.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
[] J
ul.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
anal
ytic
cad
re.
21 J
un. P
resi
dent
ial D
ecis
ion
Dire
ctiv
e 39
sup
erse
des
NS
DD
-20
7. C
alls
for r
educ
ing
terr
oris
tca
pabi
litie
s; a
ggre
ssiv
e IC
pro
gram
, in
clud
ing
cove
rt ac
tion;
retu
rn o
f in
dict
ed te
rroris
t to
U.S
., in
clud
ing
by fo
rce
if ne
cess
ary,
as
a m
atte
r of
high
est p
riorit
y. A
lso
conf
irmed
and
cl
arifi
ed F
BI’s
role
in c
ount
er-
terro
rism
.
Jul.
Nat
iona
l Int
ellig
ence
Est
imat
eon
terro
rism
. Jud
ges
that
fore
ign
terr
oris
ts w
ill a
ttem
pt a
n at
tack
in
the
U.S
. in
the
next
yea
r or t
wo.
B
ombi
ng o
f Wor
ld T
rade
Cen
ter
cros
sed
a th
resh
old
to m
ore
larg
e-sc
ale
atta
cks.
Mos
t lik
ely
thre
at o
f at
tack
in th
e U
.S. w
ould
be
from
tra
nsie
nt g
roup
ings
of i
ndiv
idua
lssi
mila
r to
that
dra
wn
toge
ther
by
Ram
zi Y
ouse
f. Th
reat
als
o fro
mes
tabl
ishe
d gr
oups
: Hez
bolla
h,G
ama’
at a
l-Isl
amiy
a, H
amas
, and
Ja
ma’
a al
-Fuq
ra. (
Nei
ther
UB
L no
ral
-Qa’
ida
men
tione
d. U
BL
ism
entio
ned
as a
terro
rist f
inan
cier
in
a M
ar 9
5 fin
ishe
d in
telli
genc
e re
port
from
CIA
’s [
] offi
ce)
[] A
ug. [
] []
[].
Late
199
5. [
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
TOP
SEC
RET
9
TOP
SEC
RET
[] N
ov. [
]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[] S
ep.
[ ]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
13 N
ov. O
ffice
of P
erso
nnel
Man
agem
ent/S
audi
Nat
iona
l Gua
rd
faci
lity
in R
iyad
h bo
mbe
d. F
ive
Am
eric
ans
kille
d in
this
inci
dent
.In
form
atio
n ev
entu
ally
sug
gest
sU
BL
and
CD
LR w
ere
resp
onsi
ble.
[]
[].
[] D
ec.
Ram
zi Y
ouse
f ass
ocia
te
and
al-Q
aida
lieu
tena
nt W
ali K
han
Am
in S
hah
is c
aptu
red
[ ]
[].
He
is
depo
rted
to th
e U
nite
d S
tate
s an
d co
nvic
ted.
on
terr
oris
mch
arge
s.
TOP
SEC
RET
10
TOP
SEC
RET
1996
Spr
ing
1996
.[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Spr
ing
1996
.[
][
][
][
][
][
].
10 J
ul.
Lond
on d
aily
, The
Inde
pend
ent,
publ
ishe
s an
un
date
d in
terv
iew
with
UBL
in
Afg
hani
stan
. UB
L de
clar
es th
at
the
killin
g of
Am
eric
ans
in th
e K
hoba
r Tow
ers
bom
bing
mar
ked
25 J
un. K
hoba
r Tow
ers
bom
bing
.19
U.S
. ser
vice
mem
bers
kille
d. [A
Ju
ne 2
001
U.S
. ind
ictm
ent c
harg
edth
at th
e S
audi
Hez
bolla
h, w
ithsu
ppor
t fro
m Ir
an, c
arrie
d ou
t the
at
tack
. A
ccor
ding
to th
e in
dict
men
t, Ira
n an
d its
sur
roga
te,
the
Leba
nese
Hez
bolla
h, re
crui
ted
and
train
ed th
e bo
mbe
rs, h
elpe
d di
rect
thei
r sur
veilla
nce,
and
as
sist
ed in
pla
nnin
g th
e at
tack
].
8 Ja
n. [U
BL]
sta
tion
esta
blis
hed
in
CTC
.
15 F
eb.
U.S
. Em
bass
y K
harto
um
clos
es.
24 A
pr.
Ant
iterro
rism
and
Effe
ctiv
e D
eath
Pen
alty
Act
. Dire
cts
Sec
reta
ry o
f Sta
te, i
n co
njun
ctio
nw
ith A
ttorn
ey G
ener
al a
ndS
ecre
tary
of T
reas
ury
to d
esig
nate
any
orga
niza
tion
that
mee
ts c
erta
incr
iteria
as
a fo
reig
n te
rroris
tor
gani
zatio
n (c
riter
ia: m
ust e
ngag
ein
terro
rist a
ctiv
ityth
at th
reat
ens
the
secu
rity
of U
.S. n
atio
nals
or t
he
natio
nals
ecur
ity o
f the
Uni
ted
Sta
tes)
.
[] A
ug.
[]
[]
[] A
pr. [
]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]..
[] M
ay.
[] [
]
].
[Sum
mer
199
6.A
vol
unte
er
clai
med
that
[ ]
[]
[]
[]
TOP
SEC
RET
11
TOP
SEC
RET
the
begi
nnin
g of
the
war
bet
wee
nM
uslim
s an
d th
e U
.S.
23 A
ug. U
BL
issu
es a
“fat
wa”
au
thor
izin
g at
tack
s ag
ains
tW
este
rn m
ilitar
y ta
rget
s in
the
Ara
bian
Pen
insu
la.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]..
2 A
ug. D
CI b
riefs
Dem
ocra
ticle
ader
s: th
e te
rror
ist t
hrea
t is
incr
easi
ng, i
t is
a na
tiona
l sec
urity
issu
e an
d hu
man
inte
lligen
ce is
at
the
hear
t of t
he e
ffort
agai
nst
terro
rism
.
[]
[]..
Sum
mer
199
6. [
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
Sum
mer
199
6. [
][
][
][
][
][
]
TOP
SEC
RET
12
TOP
SEC
RET
3-4
Sep
. Ope
ratio
n D
eser
t Stri
ke.
Cru
ise
mis
sile
stri
kes
agai
nst
Iraq.
11 S
ep. E
gypt
ian
gove
rnm
ent
issu
es a
n ar
rest
war
rant
for U
BL.
ba
sed
on U
BL’
s lo
ngtim
e su
ppor
tof
Egy
ptia
n te
rroris
t gro
ups
like
EG
I and
EIJ
.
Sep
. Tal
iban
com
es to
pow
er in
A
fgha
nist
an; t
akes
Kab
ul.
Dec
. [
][
][
][
][
].
[Win
ter.
Info
rmat
ion
indi
cate
sU
BL
cons
ider
s jih
ad w
orld
wid
e.]
22 O
ct.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
[].
[Lat
e 19
96.
[] r
epor
ts
[] i
ndic
ate
that
U
BL
is m
uch
mor
e of
a
terr
oris
t—ra
ther
than
just
a
terr
oris
t fin
anci
er—
than
the
CIA
ha
s pr
evio
usly
thou
ght.
Rep
ortin
g pr
ovid
es s
igni
fican
tne
w d
etai
ls a
bout
UB
L an
d hi
s te
rroris
t sup
port
infra
stru
ctur
ekn
own
as “A
l Qae
da.”
[Not
e:fir
st re
fere
nce
to A
l Qae
da].
[Lat
e 19
96.
Bin
Lad
in U
nit
deve
lops
mos
t det
aile
d in
form
atio
n ye
t reg
ardi
ng U
BL’
s in
tent
ions
].
TOP
SEC
RET
13
TOP
SEC
RET
1997
Jan.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
[] F
eb. [
]
[]
28 J
an.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[] J
an.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
30 J
an.
[]
[]
[]
[].
One
num
ber i
n K
enya
is
asso
ciat
edw
ith s
igni
fican
t UB
L-re
late
d ac
tiviti
es a
ndin
divi
dual
s, in
clud
ing
Wad
i el-
Hag
e, o
ne o
f UB
L’s
mos
tim
porta
nt li
eute
nant
s.E
l-Hag
eis
a d
ual U
.S.-L
eban
ese
citiz
en.
Ear
ly 1
997.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Feb.
CTC
has
iden
tifie
d M
uham
med
Ate
f as
UB
L’s
key
lieut
enan
t. A
lias
Abu
Haf
s al
-M
asri.
TOP
SEC
RET
14
TOP
SEC
RET
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Spr
ing
1997
.[
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
Spr
ing
1997
.[
][
][
][
][
][
][
]
Ear
ly 1
997.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
10 A
pr. [
DD
O b
riefs
SS
CI o
n co
vert
actio
n. U
BL
unit
is ru
nnin
g[
]op
erat
ions
. It i
s fo
cusi
ng th
ese
oper
atio
ns to
col
lect
dat
a th
at c
an
be u
sed
to b
uild
targ
et p
acka
ges,
whi
ch, i
n tu
rn, c
an b
e us
ed in
futu
re
cont
inge
ncie
s to
rend
er U
BL a
nd/o
r di
sman
tle th
e ab
ility
of h
is
orga
niza
tion
to w
age
terro
rism
.[
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
TOP
SEC
RET
15
TOP
SEC
RET
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
26 M
ay.
Sau
di g
over
nmen
tex
tend
s fo
rmal
reco
gniti
on o
f the
Ta
liban
gov
ernm
ent o
f A
fgha
nist
an. T
he d
ecis
ion
imm
edia
tely
follo
ws
repo
rts th
at
the
Talib
an h
ave
exte
nded
thei
r co
ntro
l int
o no
rther
n A
fgha
nist
an.
31 O
ct.
Ken
yan
auth
oriti
es a
rrest
and
late
r dep
ort [
]
[]
[]
repo
rtedl
y co
nnec
ted
to a
terro
rist
plot
aga
inst
the
U.S
. em
bass
y in
N
airo
bi.
Apr
. Upd
ate
to 1
995
terro
rism
Nat
iona
l Int
ellig
ence
Est
imat
e.
Spr
ing
1997
.Fo
reig
n lia
ison
se
rvic
e sa
ys it
is s
tudy
ing
the
early
19
97 p
ropo
sal f
or a
join
t ope
ratio
n [
] .
Nov
. Sec
reta
ry A
lbrig
ht tr
ip to
Sou
th
Asi
a.
Spr
ing
1997
.[
][
][
].
[Fal
l 199
7. [
][
][
][
][
][
]
TOP
SEC
RET
16
TOP
SEC
RET
Late
199
7. [
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
[]..
Late
199
7. [
][
][
][
][
][
].
Late
199
7. [
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
1998
23 F
eb.
Bin
Lad
in fa
twa
callin
g fo
rjih
ad a
gain
st U
.S. m
ilitar
y an
d
Jan-
Jun.
[]
[]
[]
[]
28 J
an. D
CI W
orld
wid
e Th
reat
Brie
f.“…
issu
es ra
nge
from
the
prol
ifera
tion
of W
MD
to in
tern
atio
nal
terr
oris
m, d
rug
traffi
ckin
g,
TOP
SEC
RET
17
TOP
SEC
RET
civi
lian
targ
ets
anyw
here
in th
e w
orld
. Fat
wa
repr
esen
ts a
shi
ft fro
m c
ritic
izin
g th
e st
ates
in th
e re
gion
and
atta
cks
the
U.S
.in
stea
d.
16 M
ar.
Lette
r sen
t fro
m U
BL
to
Egy
ptia
n pr
ess
com
plai
ning
abou
t U.S
. occ
upat
ion
of th
e A
rabi
an P
enin
sula
. “Le
t the
m
rest
ass
ured
of th
e w
eakn
ess
and
cow
ardi
ce o
f Am
eric
anso
ldie
rs. T
hey
are
fast
est t
o fa
il an
d le
ast p
erse
verin
g in
the
fire
of w
ar.
We
will
neve
r for
get h
ow
they
dis
appe
ared
in th
e w
ake
of
Riy
adh
and
Kho
bar i
ncid
ents
.”
May
11-
13. I
ndia
con
duct
snu
clea
r tes
ts. P
akis
tan
cond
ucts
nucl
ear t
ests
May
28.
26 M
ay.
UB
L pr
ess
conf
eren
ce.
UB
L de
clar
ed h
is s
uppo
rters
wou
ld s
trike
U.S
. tar
gets
in th
e G
ulf.
Indi
cate
d th
e re
sults
of h
is ji
had
wou
ld b
e
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
info
rmat
ion
war
fare
, and
in
tern
atio
nal f
inan
cial
turm
oil…
” “In
ad
ditio
n to
trad
ition
al te
rroris
tgr
oups
, the
U.S
. fac
es a
n in
crea
sing
thre
at fr
om tr
ansn
atio
nal
grou
ps, s
uch
as U
BL’
sor
gani
zatio
n...”
6 M
ar.
C/C
TC, e
t al,
brie
f C
ongr
essi
onal
sta
ff on
the
CTC
st
rate
gic
plan
for F
Y98
….”
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Apr
. U.S
. Am
bass
ador
to U
.N.
Ric
hard
son
visi
ts K
abul
and
She
rber
gan.
18 M
ay.
[]
[]
]].
10 M
ar.
C/C
TC b
riefs
SS
CI
staf
f. [
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
TOP
SEC
RET
18
TOP
SEC
RET
“vis
ible
” with
in w
eeks
. He
also
talk
ed a
bout
“brin
ging
the
war
hom
e to
Am
eric
a.” [
Not
e: th
is is
po
ssib
ly a
cal
l for
atta
cks
in th
e U
.S.]
12 J
un. I
n an
inte
rvie
w w
ith a
U
.S. j
ourn
alis
t, U
BL
indi
cate
s he
m
ay a
ttack
a U
.S. m
ilitar
y pa
ssen
ger a
ircra
ft us
ing
antia
ircra
ft m
issi
les.
At a
pre
ss
conf
eren
ce in
the
prev
ious
mon
th, h
e in
dica
ted
the
resu
lts o
f hi
s jih
ad w
ould
be
“vis
ible
”with
inw
eeks
.
[] J
ul.
[]
[]
[].
May
.P
olic
e in
Eur
ope
arre
st 6
0 m
embe
rs o
f the
Alg
eria
n A
rmed
Is
lam
icG
roup
(GIA
) to
pre-
empt
th
reat
s to
the
com
ing
Wor
ld C
up in
P
aris
.
Jun.
Offi
cers
[ ]
[]
raid
hom
es a
nd N
GO
offi
ces
of
Mus
tafa
Maj
id a
nd M
oham
med
Foud
a, [
]lin
ked
to U
BL.
[]
[]
[].
Sum
mer
199
8.Li
aiso
n se
rvic
eca
ptur
ed [
]a
mem
ber o
f a U
BL
cell
in E
urop
e.[
][
][
].
22 M
ay.
Pre
side
nt s
igns
PD
D-6
2on
cou
nter
-terr
oris
m a
nd P
DD
-63
on in
frast
ruct
ure
prot
ectio
n.[
][
][
][
][
]P
DD
-63
esta
blis
hes
the
Nat
iona
l Inf
rast
ruct
ure
Pro
tect
ion
Cen
ter.
10 J
un. U
BL
indi
cted
by
fede
ral
gran
d ju
ry, S
outh
ern
Dis
trict
of N
ew
Yor
k. S
eale
d in
dict
men
t.C
onsp
iracy
to d
estro
y na
tiona
lde
fens
e ut
ilitie
s.
[Sum
mer
[]
[]
sugg
est U
BL
is p
lann
ing
atta
cks
in th
e U
.S. [
]
says
pla
ns a
re to
atta
ck in
NY
and
Was
hing
ton.
Info
rmat
ion
men
tions
an
atta
ck in
W
ashi
ngto
n pr
obab
ly a
gain
stpu
blic
pla
ces.
UB
L pr
obab
lypl
aces
a h
igh
prio
rity
on
cond
uctin
g at
tack
s in
the
U.S
…. C
IA h
as li
ttle
info
rmat
ion
abou
t UB
L’s
oper
ativ
es in
the
U.S
.]
Sum
mer
199
8. [
].[
][
][
][
]
Sum
mer
199
8. [
][
]
TOP
SEC
RET
19
TOP
SEC
RET
Jul.
UB
L re
mai
ns in
Afg
hani
stan
,ch
angi
ng h
is lo
catio
n fre
quen
tly.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
He
rem
ains
on
good
term
sw
ith th
e Ta
liban
, [U
ncon
firm
ed re
porti
ng] c
laim
edU
BL
was
con
side
ring
atta
cks
in
the
U.S
.
21-2
3 A
ug. [
Med
ia re
ports
conc
erni
ng U
BL
elec
troni
cco
mm
unic
atio
ns].
7 A
ug. U
BL
bom
bing
s of
U.S
. em
bass
ies
in N
airo
bi a
nd D
ar E
s S
alaa
m. 2
24 k
illed,
500
0 in
jure
d.
20 A
ug. U
.S. m
ilitar
y st
rike
agai
nst
UB
L te
rror
ist t
rain
ing
cam
ps in
A
fgha
nist
an a
nd p
harm
aceu
tical
plan
t in
Sud
an s
uspe
cted
ofpr
oduc
ing
chem
ical
wea
pons
.
Fall
1998
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[] A
ug. [
]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
[Info
rmat
ion
indi
cate
s th
at U
BL
is in
tere
sted
in p
ublic
ity a
nd
atta
cks
invo
lvin
g m
ass
casu
altie
s].
29 J
ul.
CTC
war
ns o
f pos
sibl
eC
hem
ical
, Bio
logi
cal,
Rad
iolo
gica
l, or
Nuc
lear
(CBR
N) a
ttack
by
UB
L. [
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
TOP
SEC
RET
20
TOP
SEC
RET
[]
[].
21 A
ug. [
Rec
ap: D
CI e
ight
com
mitt
ee b
riefin
g re
gard
ing
why
C
IA c
oncl
uded
that
UBL
was
resp
onsi
ble
for t
he b
ombi
ngs
in
Afri
ca. D
CI n
oted
larg
e nu
mbe
r of
rend
ition
s of
UB
L su
ppor
ters
].
[] S
ep.
[ ]
[],
Abu
Haj
er,
who
is h
ead
of U
BL’
s co
mpu
ter
oper
atio
ns a
nd w
eapo
nspr
ocur
emen
t, w
as a
rrest
edab
road
.H
ajer
is th
e m
ost s
enio
r-le
vel U
BL
oper
ativ
e ar
rest
ed to
dat
e.
18 S
ep.
DC
Ibrie
fs m
embe
rs o
f C
ongr
ess
on b
ombi
ngs.
[ ]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
DC
I not
ed th
at th
e FB
I is
follo
win
g 3
or 4
Bin
Lad
inop
erat
ives
in th
e U
.S.
2 S
ep.
DC
I tes
timon
y to
S
SC
I/HP
SC
I. “K
ey e
lem
ents
of
CIA
’s o
ffens
ive
stra
tegy
aga
inst
U
BL
incl
ude:
hit U
BL’
s in
frast
ruct
ure;
wor
k w
ith li
aiso
n to
br
eak
up c
ells
and
car
ry o
ut a
rres
ts;
disr
upt a
nd w
eake
n bi
n La
din’
sbu
sine
sses
and
fina
nces
; [
][
]; re
crui
t or e
xpos
e hi
s op
erat
ives
; … p
ress
ure
on th
e Ta
liban
; and
enh
anci
ng u
nila
tera
lca
pabi
lity
to c
aptu
re h
im.
Sep
. [In
form
atio
n in
dica
tes
UB
Lha
s co
nsid
ered
cond
uctin
gat
tack
s in
the
U.S
. The
nea
r-te
rm th
reat
to A
mer
ican
s is
gr
eate
r in
Eur
ope,
whe
reU
BL’
sin
frast
ruct
ure
is b
ette
res
tabl
ishe
d].
[Fal
l 199
8. [
]cl
aim
ed th
at U
BL’
s ne
xt ta
rget
w
ould
pos
sibl
y in
volv
e fly
ing
an
expl
osiv
es-la
den
airc
raft
into
a
U.S
. airp
ort a
nd d
eton
atin
g it]
.
Fall
1998
. [In
form
atio
nin
dica
tes
al-Q
a’id
a is
tryi
ng to
esta
blis
h an
ope
rativ
e ce
ll w
ithin
CO
NU
S to
stri
ke a
t the
he
art o
f U.S
. int
eres
ts a
nd [
][
][
]
TOP
SEC
RET
21
TOP
SEC
RET
1 D
ec.
[] O
ct. [
]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
4 N
ov.
Bin
Lad
in a
nd M
oham
med
Ate
f ind
icte
d in
Sou
ther
n D
istri
ct o
f N
ew Y
ork.
Als
o an
noun
cem
ent
mad
e of
rew
ard
for t
he tw
o un
der
Sta
te D
epar
tmen
t rew
ards
pro
gram
.
tryin
g to
recr
uit U
.S. c
itize
nIs
lam
ists
and
U.S
.-bas
edfo
reig
n na
tiona
ls. N
o ta
rget
sw
ere
men
tione
d bu
t NY
C w
asci
ted
as a
cen
ter o
f rec
ruitm
ent
effo
rts].
Fall
1998
.[
][
][
][
][
][
].
Fall
1998
. [C
olle
ctio
n ag
ains
tU
BL
sate
llite
phon
e en
ds,
follo
win
g m
edia
leak
s].
Fall
1998
. [U
AE
UB
L ce
ll is
at
tem
ptin
g to
recr
uit a
gro
up o
f 5
to 7
you
ng m
en fr
om th
e U
nite
d S
tate
s to
trav
el to
the
Mid
dle
Eas
t for
trai
ning
. Thi
s is
in
con
junc
tion
with
pla
nnin
g to
st
rike
U.S
. dom
estic
targ
ets.
TOP
SEC
RET
22
TOP
SEC
RET
Inte
lligen
ce C
omm
unity
as
sess
men
t of U
BL…
“UBL
is
activ
ely
plan
ning
aga
inst
U.S
.ta
rget
san
d al
read
y m
ay h
ave
posi
tione
d op
erat
ives
for a
t lea
st
one
oper
atio
n…M
ultip
le re
ports
indi
cate
UB
L is
kee
nly
inte
rest
ed
in s
triki
ng th
e U
.S. o
n its
ow
n so
il. A
ccor
ding
to [
][
],A
l Qae
da is
recr
uitin
gop
erat
ives
for a
ttack
s in
the
U.S
. bu
t has
not
yet
iden
tifie
d po
tent
ial t
arge
ts.”
17 D
ec. O
pera
tion
Des
ert F
ox.
Stri
kes
agai
nst I
raq.
Late
Dec
. “It
is a
relig
ious
dut
y to
ac
quire
wea
pons
of m
ass
dest
ruct
ion
to d
efen
d M
uslim
s,”
acco
rdin
g to
a U
BL
inte
rvie
w in
C
hris
tmas
199
8. U
BL
has
been
se
ekin
g C
BR
N m
ater
ials
,ex
perti
se a
nd o
ther
reso
urce
ssi
nce
the
early
199
0s.
4 D
ec. D
CI m
emo.
“We
are
at
war
… I
wan
t no
reso
urce
s or
pe
ople
spa
red
in th
is e
ffort,
eith
er
insi
de C
IA o
r the
Com
mun
ity.”
[] D
ec.
[ ]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[ ]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
The
repo
rt al
so m
entio
nsU
BL
affil
iate
s in
maj
or U
. S. c
ities
].
Fall
1998
. Sev
eral
repo
rts n
ote
that
UB
L is
con
side
ring
a ne
wat
tack
, usi
ngbi
olog
ical
toxi
ns in
fo
od, w
ater
, or v
entil
atio
n sy
stem
s of
U.S
. em
bass
ies.
[ ]
[]
[]
[].
[] D
ec. [
]
repo
rts m
embe
r of U
BL
was
plan
ning
ope
ratio
ns a
gain
stU
.S. t
arge
ts. P
lans
to h
ijack
U
.S. a
ircra
ft pr
ocee
ding
wel
l.Tw
o in
divi
dual
s [
][
] had
su
cces
sful
ly e
vade
d ch
eckp
oint
s in
a d
ry ru
n at
a N
Y
airp
ort.
[]
[]
[].
TOP
SEC
RET
23
TOP
SEC
RET
[]
[]
[].
1999
17 F
eb. O
pera
tion
Nob
le A
nvil.
U
.S. c
omba
t ope
ratio
ns a
gain
stS
erbi
a du
e to
eth
nic
clea
nsin
g in
K
osov
o.
Sprin
g. [
][
]the
Tal
iban
’s fe
ar o
f ai
rstri
kes
had
led
the
grou
p to
pr
ess
UB
L to
act
mor
e di
scre
etly
. [
][
][
][
][
].
Sprin
g. [
],U
BL
supp
orte
rs in
Afg
hani
stan
are
expe
rimen
ting
with
en
hanc
ing
conv
entio
nal
expl
osiv
es w
ith ra
dioa
ctiv
em
ater
ial.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Jun.
[ ]
[]b
egan
stag
ing
first
ope
ratio
n to
atta
ck a
[] J
an. [
Arre
sts
[ ],
incl
udin
g 2
seni
or o
pera
tives
, hav
e pr
ovid
ed le
ads
to p
oten
tial t
arge
ts.
Info
rmat
ion
indi
cate
s U
.S. n
aval
fa
cilit
y w
as th
e pr
inci
pal t
arge
t. S
ome
terr
oris
t pla
nnin
g co
ntin
ues,
incl
udin
g on
e op
erat
ion
abro
ad a
ndan
othe
r in
conn
ectio
n w
ith
asso
ciat
es in
a fo
reig
n co
untry
.A
noth
er re
port
stat
es th
at [
]pl
ans
an a
ttack
soon
].
24 J
un. E
ight
Iraq
is ti
ed to
al-Q
aida
arre
sted
in A
mm
an b
ased
on
tip
4 Ja
n. U
.S. A
ttorn
ey G
ener
alap
prov
ed e
stab
lishm
ent o
f the
N
atio
nal T
hrea
t War
ning
Sys
tem
.
Feb.
Sta
te D
epar
tmen
t dem
arch
esTa
liban
for s
uppo
rting
UB
L. [
][
][
].
[] F
eb. [
]
[]
[]
[].
7 Ju
n. D
irect
or F
BI p
uts
Bin
Lad
in
on F
BI’s
“10
Mos
t Wan
ted
List
.”
24 J
un.
DC
I at S
SC
I hea
ring:
“… W
e ha
ve s
een
num
erou
s
Jan.
Cou
nter
terr
oris
msu
pple
men
tal
enab
les
NS
A to
initi
ate
deve
lopm
ent [
]
[]..
[] J
an.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
May
. [
][
][
][
][
].
TOP
SEC
RET
24
TOP
SEC
RET
U.S
. shi
p in
Yem
en.
Jul.
Kar
gil c
risis
. Kas
hmir.
[] J
ul.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Jul.
[ ]
[] t
he T
alib
an le
ader
ship
reaf
firm
ed it
s co
mm
itmen
t not
to
oust
UB
L.
[]
[]
[].
repo
rts th
at b
in L
adin
and
his
asso
ciat
es a
re p
lann
ing
terr
oris
tat
tack
s ag
ains
t U.S
. offi
cial
s an
d fa
cilit
ies
in a
var
iety
of l
ocat
ions
, in
clud
ing
in th
e U
.S.”
[] J
ul.
[ ]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Jul.
Tash
kent
dip
lom
atic
effo
rts o
n A
fgha
nist
an to
influ
ence
Tal
iban
,pe
rsua
de it
to e
xpel
UB
L.
Jul.
CTC
reth
inki
ng d
isru
ptio
nop
erat
ions
.[
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
TOP
SEC
RET
25
TOP
SEC
RET
Aug.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Al Q
aeda
’s c
apab
ilitie
s ha
vesu
ffere
d fro
m a
rres
ts o
f key
oper
ativ
es.
24 A
ug. A
truc
k bo
mb
expl
oded
at M
ulla
h O
mar
’sco
mpo
und
in
Afg
hani
stan
.[
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
Aug
. Bin
Lad
in’s
org
aniz
atio
nha
s de
cide
d to
targ
et h
igh-
rank
ing
U.S
. offi
cial
s, in
clud
ing
the
Sec
reta
ry o
f Def
ense
, S
ecre
tary
of S
tate
, and
the
Dire
ctor
of C
entra
l Int
ellig
ence
, th
ough
no
parti
cula
r pla
nsha
vebe
en m
ade
or a
ppro
ved
[]..
[] A
ug.
[]
[].
[] S
ep.
CTC
has
eng
aged
with
S
OC
OM
and
JSO
C in
cap
ture
disc
ussi
ons.
JS
OC
has
bee
nta
sked
to b
egin
pla
nnin
g.
10 S
ep.
[CTC
con
fere
nce
on U
BL.
“W
e ar
e at
war
with
UBL
. We
have
be
enw
orki
ng a
gain
st U
BL
for o
ver
four
year
s… d
urin
g th
is p
erio
d, w
e
Aug.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
23 A
ug.
A c
oope
ratin
g w
itnes
sin
the
Afri
ca b
ombi
ngs
case
m
entio
ned
that
a fo
rmer
U.S
.S
peci
al F
orce
s m
embe
r fro
mC
alifo
rnia
, Ali
Moh
amm
ed,
prov
ided
trai
ning
to U
BL
oper
ativ
es in
Afri
ca a
nd a
bo
mbi
ng s
uspe
ct in
Har
oun.
TOP
SEC
RET
26
TOP
SEC
RET
12 O
ct. P
akis
tani
Chi
ef o
f Arm
y S
taff
Mus
harra
f ous
ts P
rime
Min
iste
r Naw
az S
harif
in a
bl
oodl
ess
milit
ary
coup
.
[] S
ep. [
]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
have
bee
n ab
le to
: •
Sto
p at
leas
t tw
o U
BL
atta
cks
agai
nst U
.S. i
nter
ests
abr
oad
• R
ende
r ove
r30
fore
ign
natio
nals
abro
ad•
Sig
nific
antly
dam
age
UB
L’s
infra
stru
ctur
e•
Put
dou
bt in
UB
L’s
min
d ab
out
secu
rity
of h
is o
pera
tions
and
oper
ativ
es]
Oct
8. S
tate
Dep
artm
ent d
esig
nate
sA
l Qae
da a
fore
ign
terro
rist
orga
niza
tion.
Cur
rent
sta
te
spon
sors
of t
erro
rism
: Ira
n, Ir
aq,
Liby
a, S
yria
, Sud
an, N
orth
Kor
ea,
Cub
a.
15 O
ct.
UN
dep
lore
s pr
ovis
ion
of
safe
hav
en to
UB
L an
d de
man
dshi
s re
nder
ing
to s
ome
coun
try. O
n 14
Nov
99,
san
ctio
ns a
re to
beg
in
whi
ch b
an m
ost f
orei
gn fl
ight
s of
A
riana
exc
ept f
or h
uman
itaria
nne
ed a
nd th
e H
ajj.
Free
zes
fund
s fo
r Tal
iban
exc
ept o
n hu
man
itaria
ngr
oups
.
[] O
ct.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
[] O
ct.
[[
]
27 S
ep.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
TOP
SEC
RET
27
TOP
SEC
RET
Fall
1999
. [
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
Late
199
9. A
l-Mih
dhar
at U
BL
cam
p in
Afg
hani
stan
.
Win
ter.
Muh
amm
ad A
tta
repo
rtedl
y si
ghte
d at
UB
L fa
cilit
y in
Afg
hani
stan
. Mar
wan
al-
She
hhi a
t the
UB
L gu
esth
ouse
in
Kan
daha
r [
][
].
[] N
ov.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Dec
. [Fo
reig
nau
thor
ities
arre
sted
a
[]t
eam
of t
erro
rists
whi
chpl
anne
d N
ewY
ear’s
Eve
atta
ck o
npi
lgrim
s in
Jor
dan.
[]
[]
[]
[].
Mem
bers
of t
he te
am
have
dire
ct li
nks
to a
l-Qa’
ida,
[ ]
[]
[].
Dec
. Sen
ior a
l-Qai
da o
pera
tives
[]
deta
ined
bas
ed o
n C
IA in
form
atio
n.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
21 N
ov. F
BI e
leva
tes
coun
ter-
terr
oris
m to
a s
tand
ing
divi
sion
w
ithin
FB
I HQ
sep
arat
e fro
m th
e N
atio
nal S
ecur
ity D
ivis
ion.
FB
I has
26
JTT
Fs in
ope
ratio
n.
26 O
ct.
CTC
’s p
riorit
ies
are
disr
uptin
gU
BL o
pera
tions
and
re
crui
ting
pene
tratio
ns;
[]
[]
[]
[].
Dec
. [
][
][
][
].
8 D
ec.
Acc
ordi
ng to
CTC
,ac
cept
ing
the
theo
ry th
at U
BL
wan
ts to
infli
ct m
axim
um
casu
altie
s, c
ause
mas
sive
pani
c, a
nd s
core
a
psyc
holo
gica
l vic
tory
, the
n U
BL
may
be
seek
ing
to a
ttack
be
twee
n 5
and
15 ta
rget
s on
the
Mill
enni
um. “
Bec
ause
the
U.S
. is
UB
L’s
ultim
ate
goal
…w
e m
ust a
ssum
e th
at s
ever
al o
f th
ese
targ
ets
will
be
in th
e U
.S…
.”
TOP
SEC
RET
28
TOP
SEC
RET
[]
conf
irm [
] inv
olve
men
t in
faci
litat
ing
expl
osiv
es a
nd p
oiso
ns
train
ing
for U
BL
oper
ativ
es.
Dec
14.
Ahm
ed R
essa
m a
rres
ted
at U
.S.-C
anad
ian
bord
er w
ith
bom
b-m
akin
g ch
emic
als
and
deto
nato
r com
pone
nts.
Inte
nded
targ
et w
as L
os A
ngel
esIn
tern
atio
nal A
irpor
t.
[] D
ec. [
]
[]
[]
[].
[] D
ec. D
isru
ptio
n op
erat
ions
:
[ ]
[]
[]
[].
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
[]
[] D
ec.
[ ]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
20 D
ec.[
DC
Isen
ds re
port
on
Mille
nniu
m th
reat
to a
ll lia
ison
se
rvic
es. T
he it
em d
escr
ibes
arr
est
of A
lger
ian
in S
eattl
e an
d m
ount
ing
evid
ence
that
UB
L an
d ot
her
extre
mis
ts in
tend
to la
unch
atta
cks
agai
nst U
.S. i
nter
ests
abr
oad
and
at
hom
e].
[] D
ec.
[ ]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
TOP
SEC
RET
29
TOP
SEC
RET
[]
[].
[]
[]
[].
[]
[]
[]
[].
[]
[].
[]
[]
[].
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
TOP
SEC
RET
30
TOP
SEC
RET
2000
5 Ja
n.
Kha
lid a
l-Mih
dhar
and
N
awaf
al-H
azm
i hol
d m
eetin
gsw
ith a
sen
iorU
BL
field
ope
rativ
ein
Mal
aysi
a an
d B
angk
ok
betw
een
5 an
d 8
Jan
2000
.
[] M
ar.
[UBL
pla
nnin
gop
erat
ions
to k
idna
p U
.S.
dipl
omat
s or
civ
ilians
in [
][
] to
hold
as
barg
aini
ng c
hips
. [
][
][
][
].
3 Ja
n. B
ombi
ng o
f USS
The
Su
llivan
sab
orte
d. A
n ex
plos
ives
-la
den
boat
san
k as
it w
as la
unch
edin
Ade
n ha
rbor
.
Jan.
Al-Q
aida
ope
rativ
e [
] det
aine
d at
CIA
be
hest
.H
e is
dep
orte
d an
d ad
mits
he
has
rece
ived
trai
ning
at A
l-Q
aida
cam
ps in
Afg
hani
stan
.
Feb.
[ ]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
3 M
ar.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
Jan.
DC
I ann
ounc
es A
bu
Zuba
ida
the
#1 te
rroris
t tar
get.
[ ] F
eb.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Mar
. [
][
][
][
].
Mar
. [
][
].
TOP
SEC
RET
31
TOP
SEC
RET
[] M
ar. [
]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
1 Ju
l. A
tta a
nd a
l-She
hhi b
egin
fligh
t tra
inin
g at
Huf
fman
Avi
atio
n an
d Jo
nes
Flyi
ng S
ervi
ce.
[]
[]
[]
[].
[] A
pr.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
[] J
un.
[]
[]
[]
[].
[] J
ul.
[] [
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
[] J
un.
[]
[]
[]
[].
Mar
. [
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
May
.[
][
][
][
].
Jun.
[]
[]
[]
[].
TOP
SEC
RET
32
TOP
SEC
RET
[] S
ep.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
30 S
ep. T
alib
an is
sued
pre
ssst
atem
ent o
n un
know
n ai
rcra
ft se
en o
ver K
anda
har a
llege
dly
look
ing
for U
BL.
[] J
ul.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
16 J
ul.
CTC
brie
fing
to H
ouse
Com
mitt
ee o
n G
over
nmen
t O
pera
tions
and
Ref
orm
. C/C
TC
lists
acc
ompl
ishm
ents
, i.e
., [
]di
srup
tions
of t
erro
rists
’or
gani
zatio
nal p
lann
ing
over
the
past
two
year
s. H
elpe
d re
nder
mor
eth
an 3
0 te
rror
ists
in o
ther
cou
ntrie
ssi
nce
[ ],
mor
e th
an h
alf o
f w
hom
wer
e as
soci
ates
of U
BL’
s A
l Q
aeda
.
Sep
.[
][
].
Sep.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Sep
.[
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
Sep
.[
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
TOP
SEC
RET
33
TOP
SEC
RET
[] O
ct. [
UB
L re
porte
dly
forc
ed to
po
stpo
ne b
ombi
ng o
f [
]U.S
.em
bass
ies.
Stil
l pla
nnin
g at
tack
sin
sev
eral
loca
tions
[ ]
[].
Targ
ets
incl
ude
U.S
. fac
ility
abro
ad].
[] O
ct.
[Fou
r for
eign
ext
rem
ists
with
link
s to
UB
L ar
rest
edab
road
and
then
rele
ased
due
to
insu
ffici
ent e
vide
nce]
.
12 O
ct. U
SS C
ole
bom
bing
. Ade
n,
Yem
en. 1
7 U
.S. s
ailo
rs k
illed.
13 O
ct.
Exp
losi
on d
amag
es U
K
Em
bass
y in
Yem
en.
Oct
. [
][
][
]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Sep.
[]
[]
[]
[]..
Fall
2000
. [
][
][
][
].
Oct
.[
][
][
].
Oct
. [
][
][
].
Nov
. [
][
][
].
TOP
SEC
RET
34
TOP
SEC
RET
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]..
[] O
ct.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]..
[] O
ct.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
[] N
ov.
[]
[]
[]
[] D
ec.
[ ]
[]
[]..
[] D
ec.
[ ]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
TOP
SEC
RET
35
TOP
SEC
RET
21 D
ec.
Hija
cker
s A
tta a
nd
Mar
wan
al-S
hehh
i rec
eive
thei
r pi
lots
’ lic
ense
s.
[]
[]
[].
10 N
ov.
[] F
BI r
endi
tion
of a
l-Qai
da o
pera
tive
base
d in
A
frica
.
Fall
2000
. [
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
[] D
ec.
Nor
th A
frica
ns in
Fr
ankf
urt,
Ger
man
y M
elia
ni G
roup
ar
rest
ed.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
19 D
ec.
Ado
ptio
n of
UN
Sec
urity
Cou
ncil
Res
olut
ion
(UN
SCR
) 133
3st
rong
ly c
onde
mni
ng u
se o
fA
fgha
nist
an u
nder
cont
rol o
fTa
liban
for s
helte
ring
and
train
ing
terr
oris
ts a
nd d
eman
ds it
s ce
ssat
ion.
Als
o de
man
ds, p
er
UN
SCR
126
7 (1
999)
that
Tal
iban
turn
ove
r UB
L to
app
ropr
iate
coun
try w
here
he
is in
dict
ed, e
tc.,
and
clos
e al
l ter
roris
t cam
ps u
nder
Talib
anco
ntro
l.Is
sues
list
of
sanc
tions
incl
udin
g ar
ms
emba
rgo,
freez
ing
of U
BL
and
Al Q
aeda
asse
ts, a
nd o
ther
eco
nom
icsa
nctio
ns.
TOP
SEC
RET
36
TOP
SEC
RET
2001
[] J
an.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
[] J
an. [
]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Ear
ly 2
001.
[ ]
[]
[].
[] J
an.
Pho
tos
take
n [
][
] of a
l-Mih
dhar
and
asso
ciat
es s
how
n to
sha
red
CIA
-FB
I ass
et. A
sset
iden
tifie
sas
soci
ate
as b
in A
tash
, su
spec
ted
plan
ner o
f Col
ebo
mbi
ng.
[] J
an. [
]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
[] J
an. [
]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
[] J
an.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
TOP
SEC
RET
37
TOP
SEC
RET
6 Fe
b. D
CI c
lass
ified
wor
ldw
ide
thre
at b
rief:
“…th
is y
ear t
he th
rust
of te
rroris
t atta
cks
on U
.S. f
acilit
ies
and
inte
rest
s co
me
to th
e fo
refro
nt…
UB
L, h
is a
ssoc
iate
sre
mai
n m
ost i
mm
edia
te a
nd s
erio
usth
reat
. UB
L’s
com
mitm
ent t
o st
rikin
g ag
ains
t the
U.S
. un
dim
inis
hed…
stro
ng in
dica
tions
pann
ing
new
ope
ratio
ns…
cap
able
of m
ount
ing
mul
tiple
atta
cks
with
little
or n
o w
arni
ng.”
6 Fe
b. S
enio
r Exe
cutiv
e In
tellig
ence
Brie
f (S
EIB
): Th
e di
scov
ery
of
mul
tiple
terr
oris
t plo
ts s
ince
Oct
ober
show
s an
ene
rgiz
ed in
tern
atio
nal
“jiha
d m
ovem
ent”
is ra
isin
g th
e th
reat
to U
.S. i
nter
ests
, par
ticul
arly
in th
e M
iddl
e E
ast a
nd E
urop
e.
Mos
t sig
nific
ant s
pike
in a
ctiv
itysi
nce
the
time
of th
e M
illenn
ium
. S
tem
s in
par
t fro
m c
hang
es in
bin
La
din’
s pr
actic
es. T
o av
oid
impl
icat
ing
him
self
and
his
Talib
an
host
s, h
e ha
s al
low
ed c
ells
in h
is
netw
ork
to p
lan
atta
cks
mor
ein
depe
nden
tly.
9 Fe
b. A
s a
resu
lt of
an
eval
uatio
n
29 J
an.
CTC
brie
fing
on a
l-Q
a’id
a to
SSC
I: [
][
][
][
][
][
][
].S
ome
70,0
00 to
12
0,00
0 pe
ople
trai
ned
in th
eca
mps
in A
fgha
nist
an s
ince
1979
.
[] F
eb.
[]
TOP
SEC
RET
38
TOP
SEC
RET
15 F
eb.
Rec
ap: S
ince
May
98,
m
ore
than
[ ] t
erro
rists
capt
ured
and
deliv
ered
to U
.S. o
r fo
reig
n la
w e
nfor
cem
ent.
Sin
ce
sum
mer
200
0, th
ese
have
in
clud
ed: [
]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
19 F
eb.
Four
per
sons
ass
ocia
ted
with
UB
L ne
twor
k ar
rest
ed in
Fr
ankf
urt,
Ger
man
y.
[]1
Feb
. [
] con
firm
s pr
ess
acco
unts
of t
wo
arre
sts
in
Yem
en re
gard
ing
USS
Col
e. [
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
[] F
eb. [
]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
by th
e U
SS C
ole
task
forc
e, D
CI
has
dire
cted
CTC
to fo
rm a
st
rate
gic
anal
ysis
gro
up to
hel
p pu
t co
ntex
t int
o th
reat
repo
rting
and
to
thin
k ou
t of t
he b
ox.
[],
a lia
ison
se
rvic
e id
entif
ied,
and
invi
ted
CIA
to p
artic
ipat
e in
task
ing,
ase
nsiti
ve a
sset
with
[ ]
[]
[].
TOP
SEC
RET
39
TOP
SEC
RET
[]
[]
[].
[] F
eb. [
]
[]
extre
mis
t tie
d to
Ahm
ed R
essa
m,
had
been
arre
sted
[ ]
[]
[]
[].
[] A
pr. [
]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
[] A
pr. [
]
[]
[].
Ear
ly 2
001.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Apr.
[]
[]
[]
[].
TOP
SEC
RET
40
TOP
SEC
RET
19 A
pr.
[Bin
Lad
in o
rgan
izat
ion
is a
sses
sed
to b
e in
the
thro
es o
f ad
vanc
ed p
repa
ratio
ns fo
r a
maj
or a
ttack
,mos
t pro
babl
y on
an
Am
eric
anor
Isra
eli t
arge
t.Th
e in
form
atio
n do
es n
ot
men
tion
the
targ
et o
f the
atta
cks,
nor t
he v
enue
or d
ates
. At t
he
hub
of a
ctiv
ity is
an
al-Q
a’id
afig
ure.
Targ
et a
nd d
ate
unce
rtain
. The
info
rmat
ion
impl
ies
a bo
mb
agai
nst a
maj
or
targ
et].
23 A
pr. T
he s
econ
d w
ave
of 9
-11
hija
cker
s ar
rives
thro
ugho
ut th
e ea
ster
n se
aboa
rd b
etw
een
late
A
pril
and
late
Jun
200
1.
May
.[
][
]ext
ensi
veef
forts
[ ] t
o ge
t a
vide
otap
e of
UB
L th
e w
ides
tpu
blic
airi
ng. J
ust b
efor
e Ea
stA
frica
bom
bing
s, U
BL
used
med
ia to
pre
dict
new
s to
[
].
[] A
pr. [
]
[]
[].
Spr
ing
2001
.[
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
10 M
ay.
DC
I tel
ls S
enat
e A
ppro
pria
tions
Com
mitt
ee h
earin
gte
rroris
m is
on
the
rise
espe
cial
lyag
ains
t the
U.S
. Eig
hty
perc
ent
incr
ease
sin
ce 1
998.
Stra
tegi
cin
itiat
ive
is to
pre
-em
pt te
rroris
tpl
ans,
and
it is
pay
ing
off w
ith
disr
uptio
ns th
at in
clud
e [s
] and
bin
La
din
plot
s. D
espi
te s
ucce
sses
,lim
its to
wha
t we
can
do. G
ener
ally
not h
ave
spec
ific
time-
and-
plac
ew
arni
ng o
f atta
cks.
Lik
ely
to b
e at
tack
aga
inst
U.S
. int
eres
ts o
ver
the
next
yea
r.
Spr
ing
2001
.[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Spr
ing
2001
.[
][
][
][
].
May
.[
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
TOP
SEC
RET
41
TOP
SEC
RET
[] M
ay. [
Fore
ign
auth
oriti
es s
eize
te
rror
ists
uspe
ct.
Link
s to
Res
sam
Mille
nniu
m c
ell].
May
.U
K la
w e
nfor
cem
ent o
ffici
als
rele
ased
all
of th
e A
lger
ian
extre
mis
ts w
ho w
ere
rece
ntly
arre
sted
in L
ondo
n. [
][
][
].O
ne [
][
][
]. w
as im
med
iate
lyre
-arr
este
d on
a F
renc
hw
arra
nt.
The
lead
er o
f the
cel
l [
] als
ow
as re
-arr
este
d on
imm
igra
tion
char
ges
pend
ing
poss
ible
depo
rtatio
n. B
oth
indi
vidu
als
had
prio
r kno
wle
dge
of R
essa
m’s
abor
tive
atta
ck o
n LA
X.
[] M
ay.
[Spa
nish
pol
ice
arre
sted
Fran
kfur
t ter
roris
tcel
l mem
ber].
[] M
ay. [
]
[] M
ay. [
] [
][
].
TOP
SEC
RET
42
TOP
SEC
RET
[] J
un. [
]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
[] J
un. [
]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Jun.
Rep
ortin
g [
][
]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Jun.
[]
[]
[],
a M
iddl
e E
ast
serv
ice
arre
sted
[ ] s
uspe
cted
terr
oris
ts fo
r the
ir in
volv
emen
t in
plan
ning
of t
erro
rist a
ttack
s ag
ains
tdi
plom
atic
per
sonn
el a
nd/o
rin
tere
sts
[ ]
[].
Jun.
[For
eign
offi
cial
s ar
rest
ed[
] ind
ivid
uals
5 Ju
n.D
C/C
TC b
riefin
g fo
r HP
SC
I: “W
hat w
orrie
s m
e is
that
we’
re o
n th
e ve
rge
of m
ore
atta
cks
that
are
la
rger
and
mor
e de
adly
—no
tne
cess
arily
CB
RN
, but
cou
ld g
o th
at w
ay a
lso.
”
Jun.
TH
RE
ATC
ON
Del
ta d
ecla
red.
U.S
. nav
al s
hips
in P
ersi
an G
ulf
ports
hea
d to
sea
.
24 J
un.
Mul
tiple
cur
rent
thre
ats.
M
arty
rdom
thre
at p
ossi
ble
inJo
rdan
. US
S C
ole
inve
stig
atio
nth
reat
ens
terr
oris
ts. A
frica
bom
bing
sent
ence
s ha
nded
out
.[
][
] thr
eats
in B
ahra
in,
Sau
di A
rabi
a, Is
rael
. [
][
] thr
eat i
n E
urop
e.Ye
men
thre
at.
[]
[] t
hrea
t in
Indo
nesi
a,In
dia,
Tur
key,
[ ]
[]
thre
at to
U.S
. em
bass
ies,
[ ]
[] i
n th
e P
hilip
pine
s.
28 J
un.
“Bas
ed o
n a
revi
ew o
f all-
sour
ce re
porti
ng o
ver t
he la
st fi
ve
mon
ths,
we
belie
ve th
at U
BL
will
laun
ch a
sig
nific
ant t
erro
rist a
ttack
ag
ains
t U.S
. and
/or I
srae
li in
tere
sts
in th
e co
min
g w
eeks
. The
atta
ck w
ill
Jun.
[]
[]
[]
[].
Spr
ing
2001
.[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
TOP
SEC
RET
43
TOP
SEC
RET
indi
cate
d op
erat
ives
link
edto
UB
L’s
orga
niza
tion
expe
ct th
eir
near
-term
atta
cks
to h
ave
dram
atic
con
sequ
ence
s su
ch a
sde
stab
ilizi
ng g
over
nmen
ts o
r ca
usin
g m
ajor
cas
ualti
es.
4 Ju
l. M
ihdh
ar e
nter
s U
.S. a
t JFK
A
irpor
t.
Jul.
Ext
rem
ists
ass
ocia
ted
with
UB
L [
] con
tinue
d to
exp
ect i
mm
inen
t atta
cks
on
U.S
. int
eres
t but
ope
ratio
nal
dela
ys m
ay p
ersi
st, p
roba
bly
in
resp
onse
to e
nhan
ced
U.S
. se
curit
y m
easu
res.
Jul.
[Rep
orts
indi
cate
UB
Lpl
anni
ng u
nspe
cifie
d at
tack
s on
U.S
. fac
ilitie
s ab
road
].
Jul.
[Ove
r the
last
[ ]
wee
ks, t
here
hav
e be
en o
ver 2
5 re
ports
allu
ding
to a
n im
pend
ing
atta
ck. N
ever
bef
ore
has
the
Inte
llige
nce
Com
mun
ity s
een
so
man
y in
dica
tors
].
who
[ ] a
re
mem
bers
of A
l Qae
da o
rgan
izat
ion
and
wer
e pl
anni
ng to
bom
b th
e U
.S. e
mba
ssy
and
othe
r U.S
. fa
cilit
ies
[ ]
[].
Jul.
Brit
ish
re-a
rrest
Alg
eria
n [
][
][
][
] kne
w o
f Res
sam
’ste
rror
ist p
lans
. Res
sam
sai
d U
BL
was
aw
are
of h
is te
rror
ist p
lans
and
inte
ntio
ns in
the
U.S
.
Jul.
[]
[] a
cel
l of
inte
rnat
iona
l Isl
amic
ext
rem
ists
[ ]
[]
[] i
nvol
ved
in a
nti-U
.S.
terr
oris
t pla
nnin
g. E
ven
with
the
arre
sts,
atta
cks
may
stil
l be
plan
ned
[ ]
[]
[].
Jul.
[ ]
[]
[]
be s
pect
acul
ar a
nd d
esig
ned
to
infli
ct m
ass
casu
altie
s ag
ains
t U.S
. fa
cilit
ies
or in
tere
sts.
Atta
ck
prep
arat
ions
hav
e be
en m
ade.
A
ttack
will
occu
r with
littl
e or
no
war
ning
. The
y ar
e w
aitin
g us
out
, lo
okin
g fo
r a v
ulne
rabi
lity.
”
[]
[].
Jul.
[ ]
[]
[].
TOP
SEC
RET
44
TOP
SEC
RET
Aug
.C
land
estin
e [
][
] and
med
ia re
ports
indi
cate
UB
L ha
s w
ante
dto
cond
uct a
ttack
s in
the
U.S
. sin
ce19
97…
Al-Q
a’id
a m
embe
rs—
[]
[]
[]
[ ].
Jul.
[ ]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Jul.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
30 J
ul.
U.N
.Sec
urity
Cou
ncil
adop
ts R
esol
utio
n 13
63. S
tress
esob
ligat
ion
of U
.N. m
embe
r sta
tes
to
com
ply
with
UN
SCR
s 12
67 a
nd
1333
, res
pect
ivel
y, w
hich
cal
ls o
n Ta
liban
to c
ease
its
supp
ort o
f te
rror
ists
in th
e te
rrito
ry it
con
trols
and
the
turn
ing
over
of U
BL
to
appr
opria
te a
utho
ritie
s. O
ffers
as
sist
ance
to s
tate
s in
clud
ing
thos
e bo
rder
ing
on A
fgha
nist
an to
in
crea
se th
eir c
apab
ility
to
impl
emen
t mea
sure
s im
pose
d by
ab
ove
reso
lutio
ns, w
hich
incl
ude
an
arm
s em
barg
o an
d fre
ezin
g of
UB
L as
sets
.
1 A
ug.
CIA
Insp
ecto
r Gen
eral
repo
rt on
CTC
: “w
ell-m
anag
ed,
fulfi
lling
inte
rage
ncy
resp
onsi
bilit
ies
for D
CI,
mad
e pr
ogre
ss o
n pr
oble
ms
prev
ious
ly id
entif
ied,
Sum
mer
200
1. [
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
TOP
SEC
RET
45
TOP
SEC
RET
incl
udin
gso
me
who
are
U.S
.ci
tizen
s—ha
ve re
side
d in
or
trave
led
to th
e U
.S. f
or y
ears
, an
d th
e gr
oup
appa
rent
lym
aint
ains
a s
uppo
rt st
ruct
ure
that
cou
ld a
id a
ttack
s.
3 A
ug.
The
IC c
ontin
ues
to
estim
ate
that
[]
extre
mis
ts a
ssoc
iate
dw
ith A
l Q
aeda
are
now
pre
pare
d to
co
nduc
t one
or m
ore
terro
rist
atta
cks
at a
ny ti
me.
The
ICco
ntin
ues
to b
elie
ve th
at th
e m
ost l
ikel
y lo
cale
s fo
rsuc
hat
tack
s ar
e on
the
Ara
bian
Pen
insu
la, t
he M
iddl
e E
ast a
nd
Eur
ope.
parti
cula
rly re
latio
nshi
p w
ith F
BI.
Cus
tom
ers
did
iden
tify
gaps
—pl
ans
and
inte
ntio
ns o
f key
terro
rist
grou
ps a
nd ti
mel
y, s
peci
fic w
arni
ngof
atta
ck.
[] A
ug. [
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
][
].
Sum
mer
200
1. [
][
][
].
TOP
SEC
RET
46
TOP
SEC
RET
25 A
ug.
Bet
wee
n 25
and
31
Aug
, 9/1
1 hi
jack
ers
buy
ticke
ts
for S
ep 1
1, 2
001.
Aug.
[]
[]
16 A
ug. Z
acar
ias
Mou
ssao
uide
tain
ed b
y IN
S.
Aug.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
16 A
ug.
CTC
Ass
essm
ent:
for
ever
y U
BL
oper
ativ
e th
at w
e st
op,
an e
stim
ated
50
oper
ativ
es s
lip
thro
ugh
our l
oose
net
und
etec
ted.
Bas
ed o
n re
cent
arre
st, i
t is
clea
rth
at U
BL
is b
uild
ing
up a
wor
ldw
ide
infra
stru
ctur
ew
hich
will
allo
w h
im to
la
unch
mul
tiple
and
sim
ulta
neou
sat
tack
s w
ith li
ttle
or n
o w
arni
ng.
Aug.
[ ]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Aug.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
23 A
ug.
Naw
af a
l-Haz
mi a
ndal
-Mih
dhar
add
ed to
TIP
OFF
wat
chlis
t. A
l-Haz
mi a
rrive
d in
U
.S. J
anua
ry 1
5, 2
000,
no
reco
rd o
f his
dep
artu
re. A
l-M
ihdh
ar d
epar
ted
June
10,
20
00, r
etur
ned
July
4, 2
001.
TOP
SEC
RET
47
TOP
SEC
RET
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
9 S
ep. A
ssas
sina
tion
of A
fgha
n N
orth
ern
Alli
ance
lead
er M
asoo
dby
Al Q
aeda
ope
rativ
es p
osin
gas
jour
nalis
ts.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[].
Sep.
[]
[]
[].
11 S
ep. W
orld
Tra
deC
ente
r/Pen
tago
n/S
tony
Cre
ek
atta
cks.
10 S
ep.
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[.]
10 S
ep.
[]
[]
[]
[].
10 S
ep.
In th
e ho
urs
just
prio
r to
the
9/11
atta
cks,
NS
A
obta
ins
two
piec
es o
f in
form
atio
n su
gges
ting
that
indi
vidu
als
with
terr
oris
tco
nnec
tions
bel
ieve
d so
met
hing
sig
nific
ant w
ould
happ
en o
n Se
ptem
ber 1
1. N
o sp
ecifi
c in
dica
tion
of ti
me,
pl
ace,
or t
ype
of e
xpec
ted
even
t.B
ecau
se o
f the
nat
ure
of
the
proc
esse
s in
volv
ed, N
SA
is
unab
le to
repo
rt th
e in
form
atio
nun
til S
epte
mbe
r 12.
TOP
SEC
RET
48
TOP
SEC
RET
7 O
ct. O
pera
tion
End
urin
gFr
eedo
m c
omm
ence
s.17
Sep
. [
][
][
].
TOP
SEC
RET
49
APPENDIX
SELECTED EVENTS IN THE
CHRONOLOGY OF TERRORISM
1982 – 2001