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APPENDICES

APPENDIX

THE SENATE SELECT COMMITTEE ON

INTELLIGENCE

AND

HOUSE PERMANENT SELECT COMMITTEE ON

INTELLIGENCE

INITIAL SCOPE OF JOINT INQUIRY

(148 Cong. Rec. H3493 (daily ed. Jun 5, 2002))

APPENDIX

THE SENATE SELECT COMMITTEE ON

INTELLIGENCE

AND

HOUSE PERMANENT SELECT COMMITTEE ON

INTELLIGENCE

SUPPLEMENTAL JOINT INQUIRY RULES

148 Cong. Rec. S5032 (daily ed. Jun 5, 2002)

148 Cong. Rec. H3493 (daily ed. Jun 12, 2002)

APPENDIX

JOINT INQUIRY HEARINGS

JOINT INQUIRY HEARINGS

Date Subject/Substance Status

Jun 4, 2002 Business Meeting Closed

Jun 5 Evolution Of The Threat Closed

Jun 6 Evolution of The Threat Closed

Jun 11 Richard Clarke ClosedFormer National Coordinator for Security, Infrastructure, and Counterterrorism

Jun 12 The Intelligence Community Before September 11 Closed

Airplanes As Weapons

Jun 18 Lt. General Michael Hayden ClosedDirector, National Security Agency

Robert Mueller Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation

George Tenet Director of Central Intelligence

Jun 19 Lt. General Michael Hayden ClosedDirector, National Security Agency



Jul 16 Technical Collection Closed

Jul 18 Technical Collection Closed

Jul 23 Financial Campaign Closed

1

Jul 25 Analysis & Language Closed

Sep 12 Covert Action Closed

Sep 18 Representatives Of September 11 Victims’ Families Open

Sep 19 Richard Armitage OpenDeputy Secretary Of State

Samuel Berger Former National Security Advisor To The President

Brent Scowcroft Former National Security Advisor To The President

Paul Wolfowitz Deputy Secretary Of Defense

Sep 20 The Hijackers Open

Sep 24 Moussaoui & The Phoenix Electronic Communication Open

Sep 26 Moussaoui & The Phoenix Electronic Communication Closed

Sep 26 Response To The Terrorist Threat Open

Oct 1 Information Sharing Open

Oct 3 Proposed Reorganization Of The Intelligence Community Open

Oct 8 Lessons Learned Open

Oct 9 FBI/CIA Issues Closed

Oct 10 FBI/CIA Issues Closed



2

Oct 17 Lt. General Michael Hayden OpenDirector, National Security Agency



Dec 10 Business Meeting Closed

3

APPENDIX

LIST OF HEARING WITNESSES

List of Hearing Witnesses

The following is a list of witnesses who appeared before Joint Inquiry hearings conducted by the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence and the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence in open or closed session. Affiliations listed are as of the date of appearance.

June 4, 2002 Business Meeting (No Witnesses)

June 5, 2002 Alonzo Robertson, Joint Inquiry Staff John Keefe, Joint Inquiry Staff

June 6, 2002 Eleanor Hill, Director, Joint Inquiry Staff Alonzo Robertson, Joint Inquiry Staff John Keefe, Joint Inquiry Staff

June 11, 2002 Richard Clarke, Special Advisor to the President for Cyberspace Security, Executive Office of the President, former Coordinator for Security, Infrastructure, and Counterterrorism, National Security Council, 1993 -2001.

June 12, 2002 Miles Kara, Joint Inquiry StaffPatti Litman, Joint Inquiry StaffMichael Jacobson, Joint Inquiry Staff

June 18, 2002 George Tenet, Director of Central Intelligence Robert Mueller, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation Lieutenant General Michael Hayden, USAF, Director, National Security Agency

June 19, 2002 George Tenet, Director of Central Intelligence Robert Mueller, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation Lieutenant General Michael Hayden, USAF, Director, National Security Agency

July 16, 2002 Robert Rosenwald, Joint Inquiry Staff 1

Patti Litman, Joint Inquiry Staff

July 18, 2002 Lieutenant General Michael Hayden, USAF, Director, National Security AgencyDr. Donald Kerr, Deputy Director of Central Intelligence for Science and TechnologyJames Caruso, Deputy Assistant Director for Counterterrorism and Counterintelligence, Federal Bureau of Investigation

July 23, 2002 David Aufhauser, General Counsel, Department of Treasury James Sloan, Director, Financial Crimes Enforcement Network Richard Newcomb, Office of Foreign Assets Control Dennis Lormel, Section Chief, Financial Review Group, Federal Bureau of Investigation

July 25, 2002 Central Intelligence Agency Officer Defense Intelligence Agency Officer National Security Agency Officer Federal Bureau of Investigation SupervisorCentral Intelligence Agency Officer

Sept. 12, 2002 Counterterrorist Center Officers, Central Intelligence Agency Cofer Black, Former Chief, Counterterrorist Center, Central IntelligenceAgency

Sept. 18, 2002 Eleanor Hill, Director, Joint Inquiry Staff Kristin Breitweiser, Co-Founder of September 11th Advocates Stephen Push, Co-Founder and Treasurer of Families of September 11th

Sept. 19, 2002 Richard Armitage, Deputy Secretary of State Paul Wolfowitz, Deputy Secretary of Defense General Brent Scowcroft, USAF (Ret.) National Security Advisor, FordAdministration and George H.W. Bush AdministrationSamuel Berger, National Security Advisor, Clinton Administration, Second Term

Sept. 20, 2002 Eleanor Hill, Director, Joint Inquiry Staff CIA Officer FBI Special Agent Michael Rolince, Special Agent-in-Charge, Washington Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

2

Christopher Kojm, Deputy for Intelligence Policy and Coordination, Bureau of intelligence and Research, Department of State

Sept. 24, 2002 Eleanor Hill, Director, Joint Inquiry Staff FBI Special Agent, Minneapolis Field Office FBI Special Agent, Phoenix Field Office FBI Supervisor, FBI Headquarters

Sept. 26, 2002 Cofer Black, Former Chief, Counterterrorist Center, Central IntelligenceAgencyDale Watson, Former Executive Director, Counterintelligence and Counterterrorism Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI Special Agent, Minneapolis Field Office FBI Special Agent, Phoenix Field Office FBI Supervisor, FBI Headquarters Michael Rolince, Special Agent-in-Charge, Washington Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation M. E. Bowman, Deputy General Counsel, Federal Bureau of Investigation

Oct 1, 2002 Eleanor Hill, Director, Joint Inquiry Staff James S. Gilmore, III, Former Governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia and Chairman, Advisory Panel to Assess Capabilities for Domestic Response to TerrorismAmb. Francis X. Taylor, Counterterrorism Coordinator, Department of StateClaudio Manno, Acting Associate Under Secretary for Intelligence, Transportation Security Agency Joseph B. Greene, Assistant Commissioner for Investigations, U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service Louis E. Andre, Special Assistant to the Director for Intelligence, J-2, Defense Intelligence AgencyEdward T. Norris, Police Commissioner, City of Baltimore, MD

Oct 3, 2002 Eleanor Hill, Director, Joint Inquiry Staff Lee Hamilton, Former Chairman, House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, Director, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Judge William Webster, Former Director of Central Intelligence and Former Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation Lieutenant General William Odom, USA (Ret.), Former Director, National Security Agency Frederick Hitz, Former Inspector General, Central Intelligence Agency

Oct 8, 2002 Eleanor Hill, Director, Joint Inquiry Staff Warren Rudman, Former U.S. Senator

3

Judge Louis Freeh, Former Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation Mary Jo White, Former U.S. Attorney, Southern District of New York Paul Pillar, National Intelligence Officer for Near East/South Africa, Central Intelligence Agency

Oct 9, 2002 Pasquale D’Amuro, FBI Executive Assistant DirectorCIA OfficialFBI Special Agent

Oct 10, 2002 George Tenet, Director of Central Intelligence Robert Mueller, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation

Oct 17, 2002 Eleanor Hill, Director, Joint Inquiry Staff George Tenet, Director of Central Intelligence Robert Mueller, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation Lieutenant General Michael Hayden, USAF, Director, National Security Agency

4

APPENDIX

INTERVIEWS CONDUCTED

IN THE COURSE

OF

THE JOINT INQUIRY

SECRET

INTERVIEWS CONDUCTED IN THE

COURSE OF THE JOINT INQUIRY *

[ ], Assistant Legal Attache, Paris, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Program Manager, Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency

[ ], Inspection Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Assistant General Counsel, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Directorate of Science and Technology, Central Intelligence Agency

Maj. Gen. Keith Alexander, Intelligence and Security Command, Land Information Warfare Agency

[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency

Charles E. Allen, Associate Director of Central Intelligence for Collection

[ ], Special Agent, Newark Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Special Agent, Washington Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Associate Director for Intelligence, Joint Chiefs of Staff

[ ], New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation


[ ], Headquarters, Defense Intelligence Agency

* Note: This is only a partial list of persons from whom the Joint Inquiry acquired information. It includespersons who were present for group discussions, as well as those who were interviewed individually.Foreign government officials are not included. Interviewee affiliations are as of the date of interview.Names have been redacted for both national security and privacy reasons.

1SECRET

SECRET

John Arriza, Director, TIPOFF Watchlist Program, Department of State

[ ], National Security Agency Representative to Counterterrorist Center

Maureen Baginski, Director, Signals Intelligence Directorate, National Security Agency

James Baker, Counsel for Intelligence Policy, Department of Justice


[ ], Assistant Legal Attache, Singapore, Federal Bureau of Investigation


[ ], Defense Attaché, U.S. Army, Tel Aviv, Israel


Samuel "Sandy" Berger, Former Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs

Richard Betts, Professor, Columbia University


[ ], Special Agent, Oklahoma City Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

Joe Billy, Special Agent In-Charge, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation


Cofer Black, Former Chief, Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency


William Black, Deputy Director, National Security Agency

[ ], Defense Intelligence Agency

[ ], [ ], [ ], Central Intelligence Agency

2 SECRET

SECRET


[ ], Foreign Broadcast Information Service, Central Intelligence Agency

[ ], Section Chief, Counterintelligence Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Special Agent, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Office of General Counsel, Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency

Marion E. (Spike) Bowman, Deputy General Counsel for National Security Affairs, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Former NSA Detailee to Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency

[ ], Directorate of Operations, Central Intelligence Agency

[ ], Chief of Language School, Central Intelligence Agency

John Brennan, Executive Director, Central Intelligence Agency


[ ], Private Citizen



[ ], Radical Fundamentalist Unit, Federal Bureau of Investigation

Robert Bryant, Former Deputy Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation


Jeffrey Builta, Defense Intelligence Agency


3 SECRET

SECRET

[ ], Joint Counterintelligence Assessment Group, Department of Defense

[ ], Former Special Agent, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation


[ ], Counterterrorism Office, National Security Unit, Immigration and Naturalization Service

[ ], Senior Science Advisor, Joint Chiefs of Staff

[ ], Headquarters, Defense Intelligence Agency

[ ], Central Intelligence Agency

Lt. Gen. Michael Canavan, U.S. Army (Ret), Former Commander, Joint Special Operations Command

[ ], Federal Bureau of Investigation


Amb. Timothy Carney, Former US Ambassador to Sudan

[ ], Former Chief, CIA Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency

[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, FBI Representative to Department of State


James T. Caruso, FBI Deputy Executive Assistant Director for Counterintelligence and Counterterrorism


Ed Chase, Office of Management and Budget

[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation


[ ], National Security Agency Representative to Deputy Director of Central Intelligence

4 SECRET

SECRET

Richard Clarke, Former National Coordinator for Counterterrorism, Clinton and Bush Administrations

[ ], Boston Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation



[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency (Retired)


[ ], Headquarters, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Civil Aviation Security Field Office, Minneapolis Airport, Department of Transportation

Jay Corcoran, Director of Intelligence, U.S. Customs Service

[ ], Information Operation Specialist, Federal Bureau of Investigation



[ ], National Security Agency

Roger Cressey, National Security Counsel

William P. Crowell, Former Deputy Director, National Security Agency




Pasquale D'Amuro, Assistant Director, Counterterrorist Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation

Maj. Gen. Keith Dayton, Director of Operations, Defense Intelligence Agency

5 SECRET

SECRET


[ ], Special Agent, Phoenix Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

John Deutch, Former Director of Central Intelligence

[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Assistant Legal Attache, Islamabad, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Division Chief, Central Intelligence Agency


Patrick Duecy, Director, Joint Intelligence Task Force, Defense Intelligence Agency

[ ], Director, Executive Secretary, Central Intelligence Agency

[ ], Legal Attaché, London, England, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Special Agent, Boston Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation



[ ], Department of State Representative to Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency




[ ],Radical Fundamentalist Unit, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], [ ], [ ], [ ], [ ],Central Intelligence Agency

6 SECRET

SECRET

[ ], U.S. Customs Service

[ ], Legal Attaché, Brussels and The Hague, Federal Bureau of Investigation


[ ],Supervisory Special Agent, Radical Fundamentalist Unit, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Office of General Counsel, Counterterrorist Center, Central intelligence Agency

Louis J. Freeh, Former Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation

Vice Adm. Scott Fry, Commander, 6th Fleet, Former Deputy Director of Operations, Joint Chiefs of Staff

[ ], Former Federal Bureau of Investigation Special Agent



[ ], Portland Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation



[ ], Federal Bureau of Investigation Representative to Central Intelligence Agency


[ ], Special Agent, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Acting Legal Attaché, Tel Aviv, Israel, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Language Specialist, Federal Bureau of Investigation


7 SECRET

SECRET

[ ], Counterterrorist Center, Federal Bureau of Investigation


[ ], Legal Attaché, Berlin, Federal Bureau of Investigation



[ ], [ ], Central Intelligence Agency


William Gore, Special Agent In-Charge, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

Brig. Gen. Scott Gration, Former Deputy Director Information Operations, Joint Chiefs of Staff

[ ], Counterterrorist Referent, [ ], Central Intelligence Agency

[ ], [ ], Central Intelligence Agency


[ ], Chief, Language Services Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Former [ ] Division Chief of Operations, [ ],Central Intelligence Agency


Carol Haave, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Security and Information Operations



[ ], National Imagery and Mapping Agency

8 SECRET

SECRET

Lee Hamilton, Former House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence Chairman,Director, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars,

Director, Center on Congress at Indiana University


John Hamre, Former Deputy Secretary of Defense, Former Comptroller, Department of Defense

[ ], Associate Deputy Director of Central Intelligence for Operations for Resources,Plans and Policy


[ ], Former Supervisory Special Agent, Phoenix Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ],Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency

[ ], National Imagery and Mapping Agency


[ ], Immigration and Naturalization Service

[ ], Special Agent, Phoenix Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation Retiree)

Richard Haver, Special Assistant for Intelligence, Office of the Secretary of Defense

Lt. Gen Michael Hayden, Director, National Security Agency

Christine Healey, Minority Counsel, House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence

[ ], Booz Allen & Hamilton

[ ], General Accounting

Frederick Hitz, Former Inspector General, Central Intelligence Agency


[ ], [ ], Division Chief, Central Intelligence Agency

Office

9 SECRET

SECRET

[ ], Acting Legal Attaché, London, England, Federal Bureau of Investigation


Karl Inderfurth, Former Assistant Secretary of State for South Asia


Rear Adm. Lowell E. Jacoby, Director, Defense Intelligence Agency, Joint Chiefs of Staff



Robert Jervis, Professor, Columbia University


[ ], Special Agent, Boston Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation


[ ], Special Agent, Minneapolis Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], National Security Agency Representative to Federal Bureau of Investigation






Donald Kerr, Deputy Director of Central Intelligence for Science and Technology


10 SECRET

SECRET





[ ], National Security Agency Representative to Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Directorate for Science and Technology, Central Intelligence Agency

[ ], Former Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency

David Kris, Associate Deputy Attorney General, Department of Justice

Capt. Michael Kuhn, U.S. Navy


[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, Phoenix Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

Thomas Kuster, Director of Counterterrorism Policy, Department of Defense

[ ], Assistant Special Agent In-Charge, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, Boston Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation


[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, Headquarters, Federal Bureau of Investigation

Matthew Levitt, Washington Institute for Near East Policy


[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, Headquarters, Federal Bureau of Investigation

11 SECRET

SECRET

[ ], Deputy Assistant Director, Inspection Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation



John Louder, National Reconnaissance Agency

Mark Lowenthal, Associate Director of Central Intelligence for Analysis and Production

[ ], Department of State



[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, Cleveland Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation



Claudio Manno, Federal Aviation Administration, Transportation Security Administration








[ ], U.S. Navy

12 SECRET

SECRET

[ ], Assistant Special Agent In-Charge, New York Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

Mary McCarthy, Former Senior Director for Intelligence Programs, National Security Council

Steven McCraw, Special Agent In-Charge, San Antonio Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Immigration and Naturalization Service Representative to Federal Bureau of Investigation


Barbara McNamara, Former Deputy Director, National Security Agency






Mark Miller, Central Intelligence Agency Representative to Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Chief Information Officer, Central Intelligence Agency



Lt. Gen. Kenneth Minihan, Former Director, National Security Agency


[ ], Special Agent, Dallas Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Special Agent, Dallas Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Office of Homeland Security

13 SECRET

SECRET




[ ], Division Chief, National Security Agency


[ ], Former Analyst, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Analyst, Central Intelligence Agency

Lt. Gen. Gregory Newbold, Former Director of Operations, Joint Chiefs of Staff


Glenn Nordin, Assistant Director of Intelligence Policy (Language), Department of Defense




[ ], Former Chief, Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency

[ ], Central Intelligence Agency Analyst, [ ]


[ ], Analyst, Central Intelligence Agency

[ ], Customs Representative to CIA Counterterrorist Center


14 SECRET

SECRET

James Pavit, Deputy Director of Central Intelligence for Operations


[ ], Central Intelligence Agency Representative to FBI New York Field Office

[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, Dallas Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation


Thomas Pickard, Former Deputy Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation


[ ], Assistant Special Agent In-Charge, Sacramento Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

Paul Pillar, National Intelligence Officer for Near East, South Africa, Central Intelligence Agency


John Pistole, Deputy Assistant Director, Counterterrorism Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation


[ ], Assistant General Counsel, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Unit Chief, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Deputy Director, Office of Budget, Central Intelligence Agency

[ ], Office of General Counsel, National Security Agency

[ ], Assistant Special Agent In-Charge, Boston Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation


[ ], Analyst, Counterterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency


15 SECRET

SECRET

COL Richard G. Reynolds, Defense Attaché, Amman, Jordan

Keith Rhodes, Chief Technologist, Center for Technology and Engineering, General Accounting Office

Susan Rice, Former Senior Director for African Affairs, National Security Council

[ ], Analyst, [ ], Central Intelligence Agency


[ ], U. S. Customs Service

[ ], Language School, Central Intelligence Agency

[ ], Federal Aviation Administration

Michael Rolince, Headquarters, Federal Bureau of Investigation


[ ], Federal Bureau of Investigation Special Agent attached to Joint Terrorist Task Force


Colleen Rowley, Principal Legal Advisor, Minneapolis Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

Mary Ryan, Assistant Secretary of State for Consular Affairs

[ ], Office of General Counsel, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Federal Aviation Administration Representative to Federal Bureau of Investigation


Jerry Savage, Office of Inspector General, Department of Defense



16 SECRET

SECRET


[ ], Central Intelligence Agency, [ ]



John Schuhart, Director, Resource Management Office, Community Management Staff


[ ], National Security Agency Representative to Deputy Director of Central Intelligence


[ ], Oklahoma City Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Directorate of Science and Technology, Central Intelligence Agency





Michael Sheehan, Ambassador to the UN, former Coordinator for Counterterrorism, Department of State

Michael Sheehy, Minority Staff Director, House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence

Gen. Hugh Shelton, Former Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff

[ ], Director, Office of the Budget, Central Intelligence Agency


[ ], Central Intelligence Agency, [ ], [ ]

17 SECRET

SECRET

[ ], Deputy Counsel for Operations, Department of Justice



James Sloan, Director, Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, Department of Treasury


[ ], Immigration and Naturalization Representative to CIA Counterterrorist Center

[ ], Special Agent, Kansas City Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation


[ ], Special Agent, New York City Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation



[ ], Headquarters Analyst, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Counterterrorist Center Analyst, Central Intelligence Agency


Roy Surrett, Director of Intelligence, U.S. Customs Service

[ ], Supervisory Special Agent San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation



Francis X. Taylor, Ambassador at Large for Coordination and Implementation of Government-wide U.S. Counterterrorism Policy, Department of State

Richard Taylor, Former Deputy Director of Operations, National Security Agency

18 SECRET

SECRET

[ ], Joint Intelligence Task Force-Counterterrorism, Defense Intelligence Agency




[ ], Supervisory Special Agent, San Diego Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation


Frances Fragos Townsend, Former Counsel for Intelligence Policy, Department of Justice


[ ], Directorate of Operations Senior Official, Central Intelligence Agency





[ ], Analyst, National Security Agency

[ ], Chicago Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation (Retired)

[ ], [ ], [ ], [ ], Central Intelligence Agency


19 SECRET

SECRET


[ ], Counteterrorist Center, Central Intelligence Agency

[ ], Chief of Operations, [ ],, Central Intelligence Agency

Maj. Gen. Ward, U.S. Army, Vice Director of Operations, Joint Chiefs of Staff

[ ], Defense Intelligence Agency, Department of Defense

[ ], Directorate for Science and Technology, Central Intelligence Agency

Dale Watson, Executive Assistant Director for Counterterrorism and Counterintelligence,Federal Bureau of Investigation

William Webster, Former Director of Central Intelligence, Former Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], [ ], [ ], [ ], National Security Agency

[ ], Financial Review Group, Federal Bureau of Investigation


[ ], Counterterrorist Center Analyst, Central Intelligence Agency

Linton Wells, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defenseand Intelligence), Department of Defense



Mary Jo White, Former U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York


[ ], Former Special Agent, Milwaukee Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation


(Command, Control, Communications

20 SECRET

SECRET


[ ], Central Intelligence Agency Representative to Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], [ ], [ ], [ ], National Security Agency

Vice Adm. Thomas Wilson (Ret), Former Director, Defense Intelligence Agency


[ ], National Security Law Unit, Federal Bureau of Investigation

[ ], Finance Division, Federal Bureau of Investigation

James Woolsey, Former Director of Central Intelligence

[ ], Former Special Agent, Chicago Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

Austin Yamada, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations, Department of Defense

[ ], Special Agent, Oklahoma City Field Office, Federal Bureau of Investigation

Wayne Zaidemann, Legal Attaché, Amman, Jordan, Federal Bureau of Investigation

21 SECRET

APPENDIX

COUNTERTERRORISM ORGANIZATIONS WITHIN

THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY

SECRET

COUNTERTERRORISM ORGANIZATIONS WITHIN

THEINTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY

(As of December 31, 2002)

The U.S. Intelligence Community currently consists of the Office of the Directorof Central Intelligence, the Central Intelligence Agency, the National Security Agency, the Defense Intelligence Agency, the National Imagery and Mapping Agency, the National Reconnaissance Office, other specialized offices within the Department of Defense, the intelligence elements of the military services, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Department of the Treasury, the Department of Energy, the Bureau of Intelligence and Research of the Department of State, and the Coast Guard.

PRIMARY COUNTERTERRORISM AGENCIES

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

The Counterterrorist Center (CTC) is the CIA’s primary counterterrorism component. In 1993, a special unit was established within the CTC, the Bin Ladin Issue Station, with personnel from CIA, NSA, FBI and other agencies to develop intelligence on Bin Ladin and his organization. The CIA worked alone and with friendly foreign intelligence services to disrupt Bin Ladin, degrade his ability to engage in terrorism, and bring him to justice.

[Within CTC, several units focus on al-Qa’ida:

• The [ ] Extremist CT Operations Group, the CTC operational arm, tracks al-Qa’ida and other [ ] radical groups. In 1996, the CTC created [the Bin Ladin Issue] Station to target Bin Ladin and his network, [

]. The CTC’s [ ] ExtremistBranch also follows a range of radical [ ] groups, which are not part of al-Qa’ida, but often share personnel, provide logistical support, or otherwise assist it.

• The Office of Terrorism Analysis, the CTC’s analytic arm, is responsible for providing analytical products on terrorism. OTA now has approximately [ ] analysts. Before September 11, its [ ] analysts were part of the smaller Assessments and Information Group, which was organized into five branches, only one of which focused (partially) on Bin Ladin.

1

SECRET

SECRET • [The Renditions Group (formerly the Renditions Branch) [

].From 1986 to September 2001, the Renditions Branch was involved in several dozen renditions].

• [The Financial Operations Group, which was established after September11, grew out of the Bin Ladin Station’s efforts to track Bin Ladin’s financial activities. [

].

The CIA developed an operational strategy, referred to as “the Plan,” so that CTC could react quickly to operational opportunities, renditions, and analysis to disrupt and capture Bin Ladin and his principal lieutenants.

To execute its plan against Bin Ladin, CTC developed a program to train and position personnel and move experienced operations officers into the Center to identify, vet, and hire qualified personnel for counterterrorism assignments. They sought fluency in Mid-East and South-Asian languages, combined with police, military, business,technical, or academic expertise, and established an eight week advanced counterterrorism operations course.

From 1999 to September 11, human intelligence sources against terrorism grew by more than fifty percent. Working across agencies, and in some cases with foreign services, the CIA designed and built [ ] for specific use against Al-Qa’ida inside Afghanistan. By September 11, sufficient collection programs and human networks were in place to cover almost all of Afghanistan.

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)

The FBI within the Department of Justice is the principal law-enforcement arm of the government and the lead agency responsible for counterterrorism in the United States.

In 1999, the Counterterrorism Division was established in FBI Headquarters, incorporating the International Terrorism Operations Division, the Domestic Terrorism Division, the National Domestic Preparedness Office, and the National Infrastructure Protection Center. The Radical Fundamentalist Unit and the Bin Ladin Unit becameoperational units within the International Terrorism Operations Section. These units advise field offices on Attorney General Guidelines and coordinate field terrorism investigations.

Since the 1980s, the FBI’s New York Field Office has had the principal role in the FBI’s counterterrorism effort. It has been the lead field office for Bin Ladin investigations and was the first to establish a Joint Terrorism Task Force of state and federal law enforcement and intelligence personnel.

2

SECRET

SECRET A reorganization of the FBI’s Counterterrorism Division was announced in May

2002, which includes:

• Headquarters centralization of counterterrorism programs• Joint Terrorism Task Forces in all field offices and a National

JTTF at Headquarters • Flying Squads to support field operations • Enhanced counterterrorism and analytical training • Shifting 518 field agents from criminal investigations to

counterterrorism

National Security Agency (NSA)

Within NSA, a Department of Defense entity, responsibility for collecting, processing, analyzing, and reporting signals intelligence (SIGINT) is centered principally within the Signals Intelligence Directorate created in February 2001. Within SID, the Counterterrorism Product Line has the lead for SIGINT production on counterterrorism targets. CT Product Line personnel increased from approximately [ ] before September 11 to about [ ] in April 2002.

A portion of NSA’s counterterrorism SIGINT reports comes from other product lines within SID:

• [].

• [].

• [].

• [].

Department of State

The Bureau of Intelligence and Research (INR), the intelligence arm of the Department of State, has three units involved in counterterrorism: the Office of Analysis for Terrorism, Narcotics and Crime, the Office of Intelligence Coordination, and the Office of Intelligence Operations. Outside INR, a Coordinator for Counterterrorism is responsible for developing counterterrorism policy.

The State Department also works closely with the Justice Department’sImmigration and Naturalization Service to prevent terrorist suspects from entering the United States. To this end, the State Department maintains two key counter-terrorism databases:

3

SECRET

SECRET • TIPOFF, a classified database within INR containing the names of

foreigners who are not allowed to enter the United States because of ties to terrorism and other illegal activities and

• The Consular Lookout and Support System (CLASS), an unclassified database designed to assist in visa processing.

Information in TIPOFF and CLASS is derived from the Intelligence Community and other sources, such as the Immigration and Naturalization Service, the Drug EnforcementAgency, the Customs Service, and the Federal Aviation Authority. All consular officersmust use the CLASS system before issuing visas.

Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA)

DIA is the Department of Defense element that produces and managesintelligence for the Secretary of Defense. Within DIA, the offices principally responsible for counterterrorism include the Defense Human Intelligence Service and the JointIntelligence Task Force-Combating Terrorism.

Since July 2001, the Joint Terrorism Task Force – Counterterrism (JITF-CT) has been the focal point for all DIA counterterrorism analysis and production. The JITF-CT provides warnings, threat assessments, and all-source analysis and production and serves as a counterterrorism knowledge base within the Department of Defense.

Department of Transportation (DoT)

Within DoT, the U.S. Coast Guard and the Transportation SecurityAdministration play a role in the government’s counterterrorism mission. Pursuant to the Intelligence Authorization Act of 2002, the Coast Guard has become an Intelligence Community member. After September 11, DoT established the Transportation Security Administration, within which the Transportation Security Intelligence Service coordinates intelligence support and provides current and strategic warnings on threats to U.S. transportation.

Department of Treasury

Within Treasury, the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network is responsible forassisting U.S. intelligence and law enforcement agencies in tracking the movement of terrorist funds.

4

SECRET

APPENDIX

EVOLUTION OF THE TERRORIST THREAT

AND THE U.S. RESPONSE

1983 – 2001

TOP

SEC

RET

Evol

utio

n of

the

terr

oris

t thr

eat a

nd U

.S. r

espo

nse,

198

3-20

01

The

Bui

ldin

g T

hrea

t: P

re-1

993

Year

“Big

pic

ture

” vi

ewSe

lect

ed, m

ajor

terr

oris

t eve

nts

U.S

. ins

titut

iona

l res

pons

es to

terr

oris

m

1979

Sov

iet i

nvas

ion

of A

fgha

nist

an.

Leba

nese

civ

il w

ar a

lread

y un

derw

ay.

1980

Firs

t FB

I Joi

nt T

erro

rism

Tas

k Fo

rce

esta

blis

hed

in N

Y C

ity.

1981

1982

Jun.

Isra

eli i

nvas

ion

of L

eban

on.

Sep

. U.S

. Mar

ine

peac

ekee

ping

pre

senc

ees

tabl

ishe

d in

Leb

anon

follo

win

gas

sass

inat

ion

of L

eban

ese

Pre

side

nt.

1983

18 A

pr. B

ombi

ng o

f U.S

. em

bass

y in

Bei

rut.

63 k

illed,

incl

udin

gC

IA’s

Mid

dle

Eas

t dire

ctor

. 12

0 in

jure

d. (I

slam

ic J

ihad

.)

23 O

ct. M

arin

e ba

rrac

ks b

ombi

ng in

Bei

rut.

241

Mar

ines

kille

d. F

renc

h ba

se a

ttack

ed.

(Isla

mic

Jih

ad.)

1984

26 F

eb. U

.S. M

arin

es d

epar

t Leb

anon

.16

Mar

. CIA

offi

cerW

illia

m B

uckl

ey k

idna

pped

in B

eiru

t. O

ther

U.S

. citi

zens

not

con

nect

ed to

th

e U

.S. g

over

nmen

t are

kid

napp

ed o

ver t

he

next

two

year

s.

12 A

pr. H

ezbo

llah

bom

bed

rest

aura

nt n

ear

U.S

. airb

ase

near

Tor

rejo

n, S

pain

, killi

ng 1

8 U

.S. s

ervi

cem

en. 8

3 in

jure

d.

TOP

SEC

RET

1

TOP

SEC

RET

20 S

ep. H

ezbo

llah

Bom

bing

of U

.S. e

mba

ssy

anne

x in

Bei

rut.

14 A

mer

ican

s ki

lled.

1985

14 J

un. T

WA

847

hija

cked

by H

ezbo

llah

terr

oris

ts.

7 O

ct.A

chille

Lau

ro h

ijack

ing.

Pal

estin

ian

Libe

ratio

n Fr

ont t

ook

700

host

ages

.1

U.S

. ci

tizen

kille

d.

23 N

ov. E

gypt

Air

fligh

t fro

m A

then

s to

Mal

ta

carr

ying

seve

ral U

.S. c

itize

ns h

ijack

ed b

y A

bu

Nid

al G

roup

.

Dec

. Rom

e/Vi

enna

airp

ort b

ombi

ngs

by A

buN

idal

Org

aniz

atio

n.D

ec. V

ice

Pre

side

nt’s

Rep

ort o

n C

omba

ting

Terr

oris

m. 4

0 re

com

men

datio

ns. K

ey

reco

mm

enda

tions

: Pre

side

ntia

l [di

rect

ive]

rega

rdin

g te

rror

ism

, Nat

iona

l Sec

urity

Dec

isio

nD

irect

ive

207,

est

ablis

h a

CTC

.

1986

30 M

ar. P

ales

tinia

nsp

linte

r gro

up d

eton

ated

a

bom

b as

TW

A 8

40 a

ppro

ache

d A

then

s, k

illin

gfo

ur U

.S. c

itize

ns.

5 A

pr. B

ombi

ng o

f La

Bel

le d

isco

in B

erlin

,G

erm

any,

kill

ing

two

U.S

. ser

vice

men

and

one

Tu

rkis

h ci

vilia

n. 2

00 w

ound

ed. T

race

d to

Li

byan

per

petra

tors

.

20 J

an. P

resi

dent

sig

nsN

SD

D-2

07, w

hich

delin

eate

s br

oad

outli

nes

of U

.S. g

over

nmen

t po

licy

for d

ealin

g w

ith te

rroris

m a

nd s

et in

pla

ce

gove

rnm

ent-w

ide

mec

hani

sms

for r

espo

ndin

g to

th

e em

ergi

ng th

reat

.

Feb/

Mar

. CIA

est

ablis

hes

CTC

.

9 A

pr. O

pera

tion

El D

orad

o C

anyo

n. U

.S.

bom

bing

of L

ibya

.

Spr

ing.

Dire

ctiv

e si

gned

that

aut

horiz

es C

IA to

co

nduc

t cer

tain

cou

nter

terro

rism

act

iviti

es.

TOP

SEC

RET

2

TOP

SEC

RET

27 A

ug. O

mni

bus

Dip

lom

atic

Sec

urity

and

Ant

iterr

oris

mA

ct e

xpan

ds F

BI j

uris

dict

ion

to

incl

ude

viol

ence

aga

inst

U.S

. nat

iona

ls a

broa

d.

1987

Sep

. Ren

ditio

n of

Faw

az Y

unis

, wan

ted

for

hija

ckin

g R

oyal

Jor

dani

anai

rline

r in

whi

ch 6

Am

eric

ans

kille

d. [

].[

].19

8817

Feb

. U.S

. Mar

ine

LtC

ol W

illiam

Hig

gins

kidn

appe

d/m

urde

red

by Ir

ania

n-ba

cked

Hez

bolla

h.

14 A

pr. O

rgan

izat

ion

of J

ihad

Brig

ades

expl

oded

a c

ar b

omb

outs

ide

a U

SO

clu

b in

N

aple

s, It

aly,

killi

ng o

ne U

.S. s

ailo

r.

21 D

ec. B

ombi

ng o

f Pan

Am

103

ove

r Lo

cker

bie,

Sco

tland

.

1989

15 F

eb. S

ovie

t with

draw

alfro

m A

fgha

nist

anco

mpl

eted

.13

Oct

. Ter

roris

t Thr

eat W

arni

ng S

yste

mes

tabl

ishe

d.

1990

Aug

. Ira

q in

vade

s K

uwai

t. U

.S. l

aunc

hes

Ope

ratio

n D

eser

t Shi

eld.

TOP

SEC

RET

3

TOP

SEC

RET

1991

Jan-

Mar

. Ope

ratio

n D

eser

t Sto

rm e

xpel

s Ira

qifo

rces

from

Kuw

ait.

Apr

. Ope

ratio

n P

rovi

de C

omfo

rt. S

afe

have

ns

for K

urdi

sh re

fuge

es in

nor

ther

n Ira

q. T

his

oper

atio

n ev

entu

ally

bec

omes

enf

orce

men

t of

no-fl

y zo

nes

over

nor

ther

n/so

uthe

rn Ir

aq,

oper

atio

ns w

hich

con

tinue

to th

is d

ay a

nd

resu

lted

in a

larg

e, s

emi-p

erm

anen

t U.S

. m

ilitar

y pr

esen

ce in

the

Per

sian

Gul

f reg

ion.

Jan/

Feb.

CTC

thw

arts

Iraq

i age

nts’

pla

nsw

orld

wid

e.

18-1

9 Ja

n. Ir

aqi a

gent

s pl

ante

d bo

mbs

at th

e U

.S. A

mba

ssad

or to

Indo

nesi

a’s

resi

denc

ean

d at

the

USI

S li

brar

y in

Man

ila.

1992

Ris

e of

jiha

dist

mov

emen

t.

Dec

. U.S

. Ope

ratio

n R

esto

re H

ope

to p

rovi

de

hum

anita

rian

relie

f to

Som

alia

. D

ec. A

ttack

on

Ade

n ho

tel h

ousi

ngU

.S.

serv

ice

mem

bers

for t

he o

pera

tion

in S

omal

ia.

Pos

sibl

y th

e fir

st a

ttack

by

UB

L’s

netw

ork.

TOP

SEC

RET

4

TOP

SEC

RET

The

Hun

t for

bin

Lad

in, 1

993-

2001

Year

“Big

pic

ture

” de

velo

pmen

tsTe

rror

ist a

ttack

s an

d “t

actic

al”

coun

tert

erro

rist a

ctio

nsU

.S. “

stra

tegi

c” re

spon

ses

to th

e te

rror

ist t

hrea

tO

ther

inte

llige

nce

actio

ns

and

issu

es

1993

Bin

Lad

in in

Sud

an.

26 A

pr.

[Inte

lligen

ce w

arns

that

[

] is

incr

easi

ngly

con

vinc

ed th

at U

.S.

is w

orki

ng fo

r its

ove

rthro

w, a

nd

may

be

prep

arin

g to

spo

nsor

terro

rist a

ttack

s ag

ains

t U.S

.

26 F

eb. W

orld

Tra

de C

ente

rbo

mbi

ng.

20 M

ar.

Sar

in g

as a

ttack

in T

okyo

su

bway

kills

12, s

icke

ns 5

000.

Aum

Shi

nrik

yo re

spon

sibl

e.

23 M

ar. R

endi

tion

of A

bu H

alim

a,

susp

ect i

n W

orld

Tra

de C

ente

rbo

mbi

ng [

]to

FBI c

usto

dy.

14 A

pr. I

raqi

Inte

llige

nce

Serv

ice

atte

mpt

to a

ssas

sina

te fo

rmer

P

resi

dent

Bus

h in

Kuw

ait t

hwar

ted.

2 A

pr.

[CIA

pap

er c

hara

cter

izes

UB

L as

“ind

epen

dent

act

or [w

ho]

som

etim

esw

orks

with

oth

erin

divi

dual

s or

gov

ernm

ents

[ ]

[] [

to] p

rom

ote

milit

ant I

slam

ic

caus

es th

roug

hout

the

regi

on…

”[H

is g

roup

alm

ost c

erta

inly

pla

yed

a ro

le in

an

earli

erbo

mbi

ngdi

rect

edag

ains

t U.S

. int

eres

ts].

20 A

pr.

NID

: [H

undr

eds

of Is

lam

icm

ilita

nts

rece

ived

trai

ning

dur

ing

the

past

yea

r at m

ilitar

y ca

mps

in

Afg

hani

stan

. [

][

][

][

].

TOP

SEC

RET

5

TOP

SEC

RET

inte

rest

s in

the

coun

try.

May

. [

][

][

][

][

].

Sep.

[ ]

[]

[]

[]

[].

24 J

un. A

rres

t of 8

sub

ject

s—in

clud

ing

5 Su

dane

se—

plot

ting

to

bom

b N

Y C

ity la

ndm

arks

—U

.N.

build

ing,

26

Fede

ral P

laza

, and

Li

ncol

n/H

olla

nd tu

nnel

s.

2 Ju

l. S

hayk

h A

bdel

Rah

man

is

deta

ined

by

FBI i

n co

nnec

tion

with

th

e W

orld

Tra

de C

ente

r bom

bing

.

25 A

ug, S

hayk

h R

ahm

an is

in

dict

ed. R

ahm

an is

the

spiri

tual

lead

er o

f bot

h G

ama’

at a

l-Isl

amiy

aan

dE

gypt

ian

Isla

mic

Jih

ad.

Sep

.[C

IA fi

le s

umm

ary

prep

ared

on

UB

L re

ports

that

[

][

][

][

][

]

Sep

.C

IA H

Q s

ends

requ

irem

ents

to o

vers

eas

stat

ions

to a

sses

s vu

lner

abilit

y of

UB

L ne

twor

k [

][

][

][

].

30 N

ov.

[Iden

tific

atio

n of

in

telli

genc

e ta

rget

sas

soci

ated

with

UB

L an

d te

rror

ist-r

elat

ed a

ctiv

ities

].

TOP

SEC

RET

6

TOP

SEC

RET

1994

[] F

eb.

[ ]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[].

9 M

ar.

UB

Lde

nies

link

with

terro

rism

in in

terv

iew

with

Lo

ndon

-bas

ed S

audi

opp

ositi

onpa

per,

Al Q

uds

Al-A

rabi

.

14 A

ug. S

udan

han

ds o

ver

Car

los

the

Jack

al to

Fra

nce.

Fall.

Talib

anm

ovem

ent

esta

blis

hed

in K

anda

har,

Afg

hani

stan

.

30 M

ay. [

]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[].

11O

ct.

CIA

Offi

ce o

f Ins

pect

orG

ener

al in

spec

tion

of C

IA’s

Cou

nter

terr

oris

t Cen

ter f

inds

that

th

reat

spo

sed

by s

ome

stat

e-sp

onso

red

and

leftw

ing

terr

oris

t gr

oups

hav

e de

clin

edw

hile

thre

ats

from

radi

calr

elig

ious

, eth

nic,

and

TOP

SEC

RET

7

TOP

SEC

RET

11 D

ec.

Phi

lippi

nes

airli

ner

bom

bed.

1 p

asse

nger

kille

d.

24 D

ec.

Mem

bers

of t

he A

rmed

Is

lam

icG

roup

sei

zed

an A

ir Fr

ance

fligh

t to

Alg

eria

; the

y ap

pare

ntly

in

tend

ed to

cra

sh it

into

the

Eiff

el

Tow

er.T

he fo

ur te

rror

ists

wer

e ki

lled

durin

g a

resc

ue e

ffort.

non-

gove

rnm

ent t

erro

rist g

roup

sha

ve in

crea

sed…

Big

gest

wea

knes

s w

as li

mite

d ab

ility

to

war

n of

impe

ndin

g at

tack

.Diff

icul

tyof

pen

etra

ting

terr

oris

t gro

ups

caus

ed th

is w

eakn

ess.

1995

7 Ja

n. P

hilip

pine

pol

ice

disc

over

Ram

zi Y

ouse

f’s b

ombm

akin

g la

b an

d ar

rest

acc

ompl

ice

Abd

ulH

akim

Mur

ad. C

aptu

red

mat

eria

lsre

veal

ed Y

ouse

f’s p

lot t

o bl

ow u

p th

e P

ope,

U.S

., an

d Is

rael

i em

bass

ies

in M

anila

, Uni

ted

Airl

ines

airc

raft

flyin

g A

sian

rout

es,

and

to c

rash

a p

lane

into

CIA

HQ

. M

urad

als

o te

lls P

hilip

pine

auth

oriti

es th

at Y

ouse

f was

invo

lved

in th

e W

orld

Tra

de C

ente

rbo

mbi

ng a

nd p

lant

ed b

omb

on th

e P

hilip

pine

airl

iner

in D

ec 9

4.

10 F

eb. R

amzi

You

sef e

xtra

ditio

n fro

m P

akis

tan.

19 A

pr. B

ombi

ng o

f Mur

rah

Fede

ral

Bld

g in

Okl

ahom

a C

ity.

25 J

an.

CTC

brie

fs N

SC

. [

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

].

2 M

ar.

Pre

side

nt s

igns

Pre

side

ntia

lD

ecis

ion

Dire

ctiv

e 35

pro

vidi

ngov

erar

chin

g in

telli

genc

e gu

idan

ce.

Terro

rism

is a

Tie

r 1B

issu

e.In

tellig

ence

requ

irem

ents

: col

lect

ion

info

rmat

ion

on p

lans

/inte

ntio

nsin

side

terr

oris

t circ

les,

incr

ease

Nea

r Eas

t, S

outh

Asi

a, a

nd Is

lam

ic

cultu

ral a

nd la

ngua

ge e

xper

tise,

expa

nsio

n of

Spr

ing.

[ ] p

rovi

des

mos

t sig

nific

ant r

epor

ting

onU

BL to

dat

e. [

][

][

][

][

].

TOP

SEC

RET

8

TOP

SEC

RET

Jun.

Ass

assi

natio

n at

tem

pt o

n M

ubar

ak in

Add

is A

baba

. UB

L-au

thor

ized

ope

ratio

n. L

inka

ges

to

Egy

ptia

n Is

lam

ic J

ihad

and

Egy

ptia

n al

-Gam

a’at

Isla

miy

a.

[] J

un.

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[].

[] J

ul.

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[].

anal

ytic

cad

re.

21 J

un. P

resi

dent

ial D

ecis

ion

Dire

ctiv

e 39

sup

erse

des

NS

DD

-20

7. C

alls

for r

educ

ing

terr

oris

tca

pabi

litie

s; a

ggre

ssiv

e IC

pro

gram

, in

clud

ing

cove

rt ac

tion;

retu

rn o

f in

dict

ed te

rroris

t to

U.S

., in

clud

ing

by fo

rce

if ne

cess

ary,

as

a m

atte

r of

high

est p

riorit

y. A

lso

conf

irmed

and

cl

arifi

ed F

BI’s

role

in c

ount

er-

terro

rism

.

Jul.

Nat

iona

l Int

ellig

ence

Est

imat

eon

terro

rism

. Jud

ges

that

fore

ign

terr

oris

ts w

ill a

ttem

pt a

n at

tack

in

the

U.S

. in

the

next

yea

r or t

wo.

B

ombi

ng o

f Wor

ld T

rade

Cen

ter

cros

sed

a th

resh

old

to m

ore

larg

e-sc

ale

atta

cks.

Mos

t lik

ely

thre

at o

f at

tack

in th

e U

.S. w

ould

be

from

tra

nsie

nt g

roup

ings

of i

ndiv

idua

lssi

mila

r to

that

dra

wn

toge

ther

by

Ram

zi Y

ouse

f. Th

reat

als

o fro

mes

tabl

ishe

d gr

oups

: Hez

bolla

h,G

ama’

at a

l-Isl

amiy

a, H

amas

, and

Ja

ma’

a al

-Fuq

ra. (

Nei

ther

UB

L no

ral

-Qa’

ida

men

tione

d. U

BL

ism

entio

ned

as a

terro

rist f

inan

cier

in

a M

ar 9

5 fin

ishe

d in

telli

genc

e re

port

from

CIA

’s [

] offi

ce)

[] A

ug. [

] []

[].

Late

199

5. [

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

].

TOP

SEC

RET

9

TOP

SEC

RET

[] N

ov. [

]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[] S

ep.

[ ]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[].

13 N

ov. O

ffice

of P

erso

nnel

Man

agem

ent/S

audi

Nat

iona

l Gua

rd

faci

lity

in R

iyad

h bo

mbe

d. F

ive

Am

eric

ans

kille

d in

this

inci

dent

.In

form

atio

n ev

entu

ally

sug

gest

sU

BL

and

CD

LR w

ere

resp

onsi

ble.

[]

[].

[] D

ec.

Ram

zi Y

ouse

f ass

ocia

te

and

al-Q

aida

lieu

tena

nt W

ali K

han

Am

in S

hah

is c

aptu

red

[ ]

[].

He

is

depo

rted

to th

e U

nite

d S

tate

s an

d co

nvic

ted.

on

terr

oris

mch

arge

s.

TOP

SEC

RET

10

TOP

SEC

RET

1996

Spr

ing

1996

.[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[].

Spr

ing

1996

.[

][

][

][

][

][

].

10 J

ul.

Lond

on d

aily

, The

Inde

pend

ent,

publ

ishe

s an

un

date

d in

terv

iew

with

UBL

in

Afg

hani

stan

. UB

L de

clar

es th

at

the

killin

g of

Am

eric

ans

in th

e K

hoba

r Tow

ers

bom

bing

mar

ked

25 J

un. K

hoba

r Tow

ers

bom

bing

.19

U.S

. ser

vice

mem

bers

kille

d. [A

Ju

ne 2

001

U.S

. ind

ictm

ent c

harg

edth

at th

e S

audi

Hez

bolla

h, w

ithsu

ppor

t fro

m Ir

an, c

arrie

d ou

t the

at

tack

. A

ccor

ding

to th

e in

dict

men

t, Ira

n an

d its

sur

roga

te,

the

Leba

nese

Hez

bolla

h, re

crui

ted

and

train

ed th

e bo

mbe

rs, h

elpe

d di

rect

thei

r sur

veilla

nce,

and

as

sist

ed in

pla

nnin

g th

e at

tack

].

8 Ja

n. [U

BL]

sta

tion

esta

blis

hed

in

CTC

.

15 F

eb.

U.S

. Em

bass

y K

harto

um

clos

es.

24 A

pr.

Ant

iterro

rism

and

Effe

ctiv

e D

eath

Pen

alty

Act

. Dire

cts

Sec

reta

ry o

f Sta

te, i

n co

njun

ctio

nw

ith A

ttorn

ey G

ener

al a

ndS

ecre

tary

of T

reas

ury

to d

esig

nate

any

orga

niza

tion

that

mee

ts c

erta

incr

iteria

as

a fo

reig

n te

rroris

tor

gani

zatio

n (c

riter

ia: m

ust e

ngag

ein

terro

rist a

ctiv

ityth

at th

reat

ens

the

secu

rity

of U

.S. n

atio

nals

or t

he

natio

nals

ecur

ity o

f the

Uni

ted

Sta

tes)

.

[] A

ug.

[]

[]

[] A

pr. [

]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]..

[] M

ay.

[] [

]

].

[Sum

mer

199

6.A

vol

unte

er

clai

med

that

[ ]

[]

[]

[]

TOP

SEC

RET

11

TOP

SEC

RET

the

begi

nnin

g of

the

war

bet

wee

nM

uslim

s an

d th

e U

.S.

23 A

ug. U

BL

issu

es a

“fat

wa”

au

thor

izin

g at

tack

s ag

ains

tW

este

rn m

ilitar

y ta

rget

s in

the

Ara

bian

Pen

insu

la.

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]..

2 A

ug. D

CI b

riefs

Dem

ocra

ticle

ader

s: th

e te

rror

ist t

hrea

t is

incr

easi

ng, i

t is

a na

tiona

l sec

urity

issu

e an

d hu

man

inte

lligen

ce is

at

the

hear

t of t

he e

ffort

agai

nst

terro

rism

.

[]

[]..

Sum

mer

199

6. [

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

].

Sum

mer

199

6. [

][

][

][

][

][

]

TOP

SEC

RET

12

TOP

SEC

RET

3-4

Sep

. Ope

ratio

n D

eser

t Stri

ke.

Cru

ise

mis

sile

stri

kes

agai

nst

Iraq.

11 S

ep. E

gypt

ian

gove

rnm

ent

issu

es a

n ar

rest

war

rant

for U

BL.

ba

sed

on U

BL’

s lo

ngtim

e su

ppor

tof

Egy

ptia

n te

rroris

t gro

ups

like

EG

I and

EIJ

.

Sep

. Tal

iban

com

es to

pow

er in

A

fgha

nist

an; t

akes

Kab

ul.

Dec

. [

][

][

][

][

].

[Win

ter.

Info

rmat

ion

indi

cate

sU

BL

cons

ider

s jih

ad w

orld

wid

e.]

22 O

ct.

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[].

[].

[Lat

e 19

96.

[] r

epor

ts

[] i

ndic

ate

that

U

BL

is m

uch

mor

e of

a

terr

oris

t—ra

ther

than

just

a

terr

oris

t fin

anci

er—

than

the

CIA

ha

s pr

evio

usly

thou

ght.

Rep

ortin

g pr

ovid

es s

igni

fican

tne

w d

etai

ls a

bout

UB

L an

d hi

s te

rroris

t sup

port

infra

stru

ctur

ekn

own

as “A

l Qae

da.”

[Not

e:fir

st re

fere

nce

to A

l Qae

da].

[Lat

e 19

96.

Bin

Lad

in U

nit

deve

lops

mos

t det

aile

d in

form

atio

n ye

t reg

ardi

ng U

BL’

s in

tent

ions

].

TOP

SEC

RET

13

TOP

SEC

RET

1997

Jan.

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[].

[] F

eb. [

]

[]

28 J

an.

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[] J

an.

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[].

30 J

an.

[]

[]

[]

[].

One

num

ber i

n K

enya

is

asso

ciat

edw

ith s

igni

fican

t UB

L-re

late

d ac

tiviti

es a

ndin

divi

dual

s, in

clud

ing

Wad

i el-

Hag

e, o

ne o

f UB

L’s

mos

tim

porta

nt li

eute

nant

s.E

l-Hag

eis

a d

ual U

.S.-L

eban

ese

citiz

en.

Ear

ly 1

997.

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[].

Feb.

CTC

has

iden

tifie

d M

uham

med

Ate

f as

UB

L’s

key

lieut

enan

t. A

lias

Abu

Haf

s al

-M

asri.

TOP

SEC

RET

14

TOP

SEC

RET

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[].

Spr

ing

1997

.[

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

].

Spr

ing

1997

.[

][

][

][

][

][

][

]

Ear

ly 1

997.

[]

[]

[]

[]

[].

10 A

pr. [

DD

O b

riefs

SS

CI o

n co

vert

actio

n. U

BL

unit

is ru

nnin

g[

]op

erat

ions

. It i

s fo

cusi

ng th

ese

oper

atio

ns to

col

lect

dat

a th

at c

an

be u

sed

to b

uild

targ

et p

acka

ges,

whi

ch, i

n tu

rn, c

an b

e us

ed in

futu

re

cont

inge

ncie

s to

rend

er U

BL a

nd/o

r di

sman

tle th

e ab

ility

of h

is

orga

niza

tion

to w

age

terro

rism

.[

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

].

TOP

SEC

RET

15

TOP

SEC

RET

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[].

26 M

ay.

Sau

di g

over

nmen

tex

tend

s fo

rmal

reco

gniti

on o

f the

Ta

liban

gov

ernm

ent o

f A

fgha

nist

an. T

he d

ecis

ion

imm

edia

tely

follo

ws

repo

rts th

at

the

Talib

an h

ave

exte

nded

thei

r co

ntro

l int

o no

rther

n A

fgha

nist

an.

31 O

ct.

Ken

yan

auth

oriti

es a

rrest

and

late

r dep

ort [

]

[]

[]

repo

rtedl

y co

nnec

ted

to a

terro

rist

plot

aga

inst

the

U.S

. em

bass

y in

N

airo

bi.

Apr

. Upd

ate

to 1

995

terro

rism

Nat

iona

l Int

ellig

ence

Est

imat

e.

Spr

ing

1997

.Fo

reig

n lia

ison

se

rvic

e sa

ys it

is s

tudy

ing

the

early

19

97 p

ropo

sal f

or a

join

t ope

ratio

n [

] .

Nov

. Sec

reta

ry A

lbrig

ht tr

ip to

Sou

th

Asi

a.

Spr

ing

1997

.[

][

][

].

[Fal

l 199

7. [

][

][

][

][

][

]

TOP

SEC

RET

16

TOP

SEC

RET

Late

199

7. [

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

].

[]..

Late

199

7. [

][

][

][

][

][

].

Late

199

7. [

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

].

1998

23 F

eb.

Bin

Lad

in fa

twa

callin

g fo

rjih

ad a

gain

st U

.S. m

ilitar

y an

d

Jan-

Jun.

[]

[]

[]

[]

28 J

an. D

CI W

orld

wid

e Th

reat

Brie

f.“…

issu

es ra

nge

from

the

prol

ifera

tion

of W

MD

to in

tern

atio

nal

terr

oris

m, d

rug

traffi

ckin

g,

TOP

SEC

RET

17

TOP

SEC

RET

civi

lian

targ

ets

anyw

here

in th

e w

orld

. Fat

wa

repr

esen

ts a

shi

ft fro

m c

ritic

izin

g th

e st

ates

in th

e re

gion

and

atta

cks

the

U.S

.in

stea

d.

16 M

ar.

Lette

r sen

t fro

m U

BL

to

Egy

ptia

n pr

ess

com

plai

ning

abou

t U.S

. occ

upat

ion

of th

e A

rabi

an P

enin

sula

. “Le

t the

m

rest

ass

ured

of th

e w

eakn

ess

and

cow

ardi

ce o

f Am

eric

anso

ldie

rs. T

hey

are

fast

est t

o fa

il an

d le

ast p

erse

verin

g in

the

fire

of w

ar.

We

will

neve

r for

get h

ow

they

dis

appe

ared

in th

e w

ake

of

Riy

adh

and

Kho

bar i

ncid

ents

.”

May

11-

13. I

ndia

con

duct

snu

clea

r tes

ts. P

akis

tan

cond

ucts

nucl

ear t

ests

May

28.

26 M

ay.

UB

L pr

ess

conf

eren

ce.

UB

L de

clar

ed h

is s

uppo

rters

wou

ld s

trike

U.S

. tar

gets

in th

e G

ulf.

Indi

cate

d th

e re

sults

of h

is ji

had

wou

ld b

e

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[].

info

rmat

ion

war

fare

, and

in

tern

atio

nal f

inan

cial

turm

oil…

” “In

ad

ditio

n to

trad

ition

al te

rroris

tgr

oups

, the

U.S

. fac

es a

n in

crea

sing

thre

at fr

om tr

ansn

atio

nal

grou

ps, s

uch

as U

BL’

sor

gani

zatio

n...”

6 M

ar.

C/C

TC, e

t al,

brie

f C

ongr

essi

onal

sta

ff on

the

CTC

st

rate

gic

plan

for F

Y98

….”

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[]

[].

Apr

. U.S

. Am

bass

ador

to U

.N.

Ric

hard

son

visi

ts K

abul

and

She

rber

gan.

18 M

ay.

[]

[]

]].

10 M

ar.

C/C

TC b

riefs

SS

CI

staf

f. [

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

][

].

TOP

SEC

RET

18

TOP

SEC

RET

“vis

ible

” with

in w

eeks

. He

also

talk

ed a

bout

“brin

ging

the

war

hom

e to

Am

eric

a.” [

Not

e: th

is is

po

ssib

ly a

cal

l for

atta

cks

in th

e U

.S.]

12 J

un. I

n an

inte

rvie

w w

ith a

U

.S. j

ourn

alis

t, U

BL

indi

cate

s he

m

ay a

ttack

a U

.S. m

ilitar

y pa

ssen

ger a

ircra

ft us

ing

antia

ircra

ft m

issi

les.

At a

pre

ss

conf

eren

ce in

the

prev

ious

mon

th, h

e in

dica

ted

the

resu

lts o

f hi

s jih

ad w

ould

be

“vis

ible

”with

inw

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