PagPag--aalagaaalaga ngng Native Native Chicken Chicken

Rene C. Santiago, DVMRene C. Santiago, DVMBureau of Animal IndustryBureau of Animal Industry

National Swine and Poultry Research and National Swine and Poultry Research and Development CenterDevelopment CenterLagalag Tiaong, QuezonLagalag Tiaong, Quezon

Native Chicken Industry in Native Chicken Industry in the Philippinesthe Philippines

Total PopulationTotal Population 22.69 million

Three Major Producer Western Visayas 9.98 M

Central Visayas 6.91 M

Southern Tagalog 6.29 M

52 percent% in total poultry population% in total poultry population

Characteristics of Native ChickenCharacteristics of Native Chicken

KaraniwangKaraniwang timbangtimbang 1.0 to 1.5 kg1.0 to 1.5 kg

EdadEdad ngng pagpag--itlogitlog 1818--20 weeks20 weeks

TimbangTimbang ngng itlogitlog 4040--45 grams45 grams

DamiDami ngng itlogitlog kadakada taontaon 4040-- 80 eggs80 eggs

LahiLahi o o klaseklase native native chickenchicken

BANABA: BATANGASBANABA: BATANGAS

Yellow-red plumageBlack wing and tail feathersSingle comb and red earlobesShank are slate in colored

ParaoakanParaoakan: : PalawanPalawan

Black in colorTail is black with some white feathers at the baseLong-legged, stands upright, with yellow to gray shankRose comb with bright red earlobes

BasilanBasilan: Mindanao: Mindanao

Also called Also called ““JoloanoJoloano””Black and red colorsBlack and red colorsHeavy breedsHeavy breedsUse as fighting cocksUse as fighting cocksSome features are Some features are similar to similar to ParaoakanParaoakan

Other StrainsOther Strains

BolinaoBolinao : : PangasinanPangasinan

DaragDarag: : PanayPanay IslandIsland

CamarinesCamarines: : BicolBicol

CebuCebu: : CebuCebu

BakitBakit nagnag--aalagaaalaga ngng native native chicken?chicken?

Para Para sasa meat and eggmeat and egg–– PagPag--kainkain ngng pamilyapamilya–– DagdagDagdag kitakita–– GamitGamit kung may kung may bisitabisita–– PamalitPamalit gamitgamit

IbaIba pang pang kadahilanankadahilanan,,–– SanaySanay nana sasa lugar/matibaylugar/matibay–– MasarapMasarap angang lasalasa–– Hindi Hindi madalingmadaling dapuandapuan ngng sakitsakit–– KayangKayang maghanapmaghanap ngng pagkainpagkain–– KonteKonte angang gastosgastos–– NakatulongNakatulong sasa pagpag tabataba ngng lupalupa–– MadalingMadaling alagaanalagaan–– KumakainKumakain ngng mgamga tiratira/left over/left over–– PangPang--alayalay–– LibanganLibangan, pang , pang bayadbayad utangutang, etc , etc

HinaharapHinaharap ngng PagPag--aalagaaalaga ngngNative ChickenNative Chicken

MataasMataas ngng demand demand parapara karnekarne at at itlogitlog sasa PinasPinasat at ibangibang bansabansaOrganikongOrganikong pagkainpagkainSa Sa tamangtamang pagpag--aalagaaalaga ay may ay may kakayahankakayahan nanagumandagumanda angang produksiyonproduksiyon sasa karnekarne at at itlogitlogSa Sa maayosmaayos nana pagpag--bentabenta ngng dressed at value dressed at value added finished product added finished product mapapataasmapapataas angang kitakita at at pangangapanganga--ilanganilangan sasa native native chicikenchiciken

SystemaSystema ngng pagpag--aalagaaalaga

SystemaSystema ngng pagpag--aalagaaalaga

PagpapalahiPagpapalahiPagpiliPagpili ngng magandangmagandang lahilahi

–– TandangTandangMalusogMalusog, , aggresiveaggresiveGalingGaling sasa lahilahi nana mabilismabilislumakilumaki44--5 5 buwanbuwan angang edadedadMagandaMaganda angang katawankatawanMapulaMapula angang palongpalongMalinisMalinis at at makintabmakintab angangbalahibobalahibo

–– DumalagaDumalagamalusogmalusogMaramingMaramingmangitlogmangitlogMagandaMaganda nag nag katawankatawanMalinisMalinis at at makintabmakintabangang balahibobalahibo

TandangTandang at at inahininahin1:7 1:7

Tips Tips sasa pagpaparamipagpaparami ngng nativenativeUmpisaUmpisa ngng pagpag--iltogiltog 55--6 mos.6 mos.

-- magmag--laanlaan ngng malinismalinis nana pugadpugad-- PulutinPulutin and and itlogitlog arawaraw --arawaraw at at

magtiramagtira ngng 1 1 itlogitlog sasa pugadpugad-- IpuninIpunin angang itlogitlog sasa loobloob ngng

isangisang linggolinggo-- batch batch nana pagpag--papalimlimpapalimlim o o

paglagaypaglagay sasa incubatorincubator-- PagPag papaligopapaligo at at pagpag--hiwalayhiwalay ngng

inahininahin nana nalimlimnalimlim ay ay makakatulongmakakatulong sasa mabilismabilis nanapagpag--balikbalik mulimuli sasa pagpag--itlogitlog

Upgrading BAIUpgrading BAI-- ImproredImprored ParaoakanParaoakan

VS

Paraoakan New Hampshire

BAIBAI--Improved Improved BanabaBanaba

VS

Banaba White Leghorn

ParaanParaan sasa pagpisapagpisaNaturalNatural

AdvantagesAdvantagesEasy/no laborEasy/no laborLow/no costLow/no costHigh % of hatchabilityHigh % of hatchabilityMuch healthy chicksMuch healthy chicks

DisadvantagesDisadvantagesNot suited for mass productionNot suited for mass productionHindrance for productionHindrance for productionEgg become dirty/contaminatedEgg become dirty/contaminatedLess egg/chicks per batchLess egg/chicks per batch

ArtificialArtificialAdvantagesAdvantages

mass production mass production Maximize the potential of Maximize the potential of breedersbreedersUniform/schedule of hatchingUniform/schedule of hatching

DisadvantagesDisadvantagesLabor intensiveLabor intensiveHigh capital investment High capital investment (unit/housing)(unit/housing)Less % of hatchabilityLess % of hatchabilityProne to mechanical breakdownProne to mechanical breakdownUntrained personnelUntrained personnel

PagPag--aalagaaalaga ngng sisiwsisiw

IhiwalayIhiwalay sasa inahininahin angang mgamga sisiwsisiw at at ilagayilagay sasabrooder cagesbrooder cagesLagyanLagyan ngng 55--7 7 pahinapahina ngng dyariodyario angang sahigsahigBigyanBigyan ngng chick starter o booster 1chick starter o booster 1--2 2 linggolinggo at at tubigtubig nana inumininuminpainitanpainitan

–– Kerosene lamp, with welded wire aroundKerosene lamp, with welded wire around–– bombilyabombilya 1 watt 1 watt kadakada 1 chick1 chickBakunaBakuna ngng pestepeste 11--9 day old, 30 days old at 9 day old, 30 days old at every 3 monthsevery 3 months

Brooder CagesBrooder Cages

Brooder CagesBrooder CagesGalawGalaw ngng mgamga sisiwsisiw sasa painitanpainitan

PagpapatibayPagpapatibay ngng mgamga sisiwsisiwPagkaraanPagkaraan 1 month 1 month ilipatilipatsasa masmas malakingmalaking lugarlugarPabayaanPabayaan angang mgamga sisiwsisiway ay makagalamakagala at at makakainmakakainngng gaga damodamoPagPag samahinsamahin lamanglamang angangmagkakaedadmagkakaedad fightingfightingIngatanIngatan sasa mgamga predatorspredatorsDagdaganDagdagan ngng feeds feeds nanagrower mash grower mash

PalakihinPalakihin

2 2 --4 months old 4 months old ilipatilipat nana sasa palakihanpalakihan nana may may galaangalaan 1 1 sqmsqm range range kadakada ulouloPagalaPagala nana paraanparaanBahayBahay nana silunagnsilunagn ay ay kailangankailangan upangupangmakaiwasmakaiwas sasa sakitsakit..AngAng palibotpalibot ngng galaangalaan ay ay gamitangamitan ngng fish net 1fish net 1””diameter 7diameter 7--8 feet and height8 feet and heightIpracticeIpractice and and isangisang edadedad kadakada kulungankulungan upangupangmakaiwasmakaiwas sasa cannibalism or fighting cannibalism or fighting

PagkainPagkain ngng native chickennative chicken

––maismais––Rice branRice bran––Copra mealCopra meal––TirangTirang pagkainpagkain––SobraSobra o reject o reject nana gulaygulay––DamoDamo at at legumbrelegumbre

BulatiBulati anayanay atat insektoinsekto

Local Feed ResourcesLocal Feed Resources

Scrap vegetables

malungay

Trichantera spp./Madre de Agua

Corn/palay

Arachis spp/peanut

Feeding PracticesFeeding PracticesFor Chicks For Chicks –– Commercial Starter feedsCommercial Starter feeds–– From 0From 0-- 4 weeks of age4 weeks of age

For GrowersFor Growers–– At 5 weeks gradually reduced the commercial At 5 weeks gradually reduced the commercial

feeds using the ordinary/local feeds and feeds using the ordinary/local feeds and grasses, legumesgrasses, legumes

For LayersFor Layers–– A mixed of 25% rice bran, 25% corn, 25% A mixed of 25% rice bran, 25% corn, 25%

copra meal and 25% laying mash feedscopra meal and 25% laying mash feeds–– Provide range to have access to other nutrient Provide range to have access to other nutrient

i ti t

HousingHousing

Shed with range/growers/breeders Ladder/nest

Rotational grazing area

HousingHousing

Health ProgramHealth Program

BigyanBigyan ngng pagkainpagkain at at malinismalinis nana inumininuminPanatilihingPanatilihing malinismalinis angang kulungankulunganSiguraduhinSiguraduhin malinismalinis angang mgamga gamitgamit..BigyanBigyan ngng tamangtamang pagkainpagkain at at pagpag--aalagaaalagaupangupang makaiwasmakaiwas sasa sakitsakit

Health ProgramHealth Program

PagbabakunaPagbabakuna–– Avian Pest (NCD) (B1B1) : Avian Pest (NCD) (B1B1) : 9 days old intra9 days old intra--ocularocular–– Avian Pest (NCD) (B1 La Avian Pest (NCD) (B1 La sotasota) :) : 30 days old intra 30 days old intra

ocularocular3 3 mosmos and every 6 and every 6 monthsmonths

–– Fowl Pox: Fowl Pox: 2 months old wing web2 months old wing web4 months old4 months old

IwalayIwalay angang mahinamahina sasa malusogmalusog nana manokmanok

Thank YouThank You

The EndThe End