packet #2 the nature of chemistry. chemistry the study of the composition, structure, and properties...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PACKET #2
The Nature of Chemistry
![Page 2: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Chemistry
The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter.
Chemistry also studies the changes that matter undergoes.
![Page 3: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Chemical
Instruments used in chemistry, such as x-rays or electron microscopes, are used to identify chemicals. Substance that is the same no matter where it is
found. More details to come later.
![Page 4: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Chemicals II
Where are chemicals found? Everywhere
Toothpaste Hair gel Soap Shaving cream Shoes Clothing Hand sanitizer
![Page 5: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Chemicals III
How do you depend on chemicals on a daily basis?
![Page 6: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Chemical Reactions
Chemicals undergo change.These changes occur via chemical reactions.
Cooking food Striking a match Car engines Running Opening a soda bottle
![Page 7: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Matter/Mass
Chemical particles help make up matter and mass.
The arrangement of these particles determine certain properties of the matter. These are called physical properties.
![Page 8: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Matter & Physical Properties
![Page 9: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
States of Matter
Matter can be found in different states. Solids Liquids Gases
![Page 10: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Solids
Has a fixed volume and shape
Particles are held in a rigid state.
There is little vibration
![Page 11: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Liquids
Has a fixed volume but no shape Liquids assume the
shape of whatever medium they are in.
Particles are not held together very well. The bonds, that hold
the particles together, break apart easily
Vibration of the particles is increased.
![Page 12: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Gases
Have no fixed volume and no fixed shape.
Particles are weakly attracted to each other.
Particles move and vibrate at high speeds.
![Page 13: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Physical Changes of Matter
![Page 14: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Physical Changes of Matter
Physical changes are changes in which the identity of a substance does not change.
They are about energy and states of matter.Example
When one steps on a can, and crushes it, a physical change occurs. The shape of the object has changed
Melting ice cube The shape of the object has changed Energy has been added {heat}
The molecules start to move faster and faster
![Page 15: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Milk Before Milk After
Physical Changes in Matter
![Page 16: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Causes of Physical Changes
One can use different types of force to cause a physical change Motion Temperature Pressure
![Page 17: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Small Physical Changes
Melting a sugar cube The substance is still sugar
Burning a sugar cube results in a chemical change
![Page 18: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Chemical Properties
![Page 19: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Chemical Change
In a chemical change, the identity of the substance changes and a new substance is formed
They happen on a much smaller scale. Molecular level
How is water identified? H2O
![Page 20: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Chemical Change II
Some are changes are obvious. There is a color change.
When Iron (Fe) rusts You can see it happen over a long period of time.
Burning of a sugar cube The fire breaks bonds
The sugar cube becomes blackened.
![Page 21: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
How are Chemical Changes Represented?
Chemical changes are represented via a chemical reaction. Sometimes, a series of chemical reactions must occur.
Chemical reactions are represented by a chemical equation Reactants Products
Mercury (II) oxide Mercury + Oxygen
![Page 22: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Chemical Reactions
There are two parts to a chemical reaction Reactions
What the scientist puts in Products
What the scientist gets out of the process
![Page 23: PACKET #2 The Nature of Chemistry. Chemistry The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Chemistry also studies the changes that](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070409/56649e9c5503460f94b9d0eb/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Evidence of Chemical Changes
The formation of gasFormation of precipitate
When two clear solutions, when mixed together, become cloudy
The release or absorption of energy Change in temperature
Change in color