pacific northwest electrical system resiliency and …...• funded by the oregon talent council •...

Pacific Northwest Electrical System Resiliency and Disaster Preparedness

Training

Ted BrekkenElectrical Engineering and Computer Science

Overview

• Goal: develop educational material and training opportunities on electrical system resiliency for the PNW

• Funded by the Oregon Talent Council• Project timeline: June 16 2016 to June 30 2017• Partners: PSU, CLiP, IEEE Power and Energy Society, Central

Lincoln PUD, Pacific Power, Portland General Electric• Main objectives

• On-campus ECE course in spring 2017• Professional and Continuing Education course in

spring/summer 2017• Industry short course in spring/summer 2017• Resiliency-focused internships in summer 2016• 5 RAs research on resiliency topics at OSU

Leads

• Ted Brekken (OSU): project lead and organizer, instructor for spring ECE course, coordinator for PACE course, advising two students

• Eduardo Cotilla-Sanchez (OSU): co-lead and co-instructor, advising two students

• Julia Zhang (OSU): co-instructor, EV research lead, advising one student

• Annette von Jouanne (OSU): co-instructor• Bob Bass (PSU): co-instructor and co-organizer of industry short

course• Chris Dieterle (PGE), Jack Vranish (Pacific Power), Bruce Lovelin

(CLPUD): main utility POCs, internship coordination, co instructors

Research Projects• Western interconnect islanded operation, islanded operation

vulnerabilities, and islanded reconnect. Main advisor: Eduardo Cotilla-Sanchez.

• Western interconnect vulnerability analysis, including multigenerational equipment, cybersecurity, and advanced contingency analysis. Main advisor: Eduardo Cotilla-Sanchez.

• Renewable energy development in the context of disaster preparedness including how can renewable power systems be made resilient and independent so that they may be an asset and not a liability during critical times of need. Main advisor: Ted Brekken

• Disaster impacts and preparedness on electrified transportation infrastructure. Future transportation systems will be highly electrified. This research will investigate the impacts and costs of prevention and mitigation of a disaster. Main advisor: Julia Zhang

• Cost-benefit analysis of disaster preparation and mitigation versus disaster and system failure. This research will include analysis of the cost-benefit of this project and similar education programs. Main advisor: Ted Brekken.

Activities So Far

• Preparing on-campus course syllabi – objectives, assessments, etc• Meeting with PACE team and preparing course preliminary

information• Research

• Base cases• NERC reliability guidelines and literature review• Metrics• Impact on renewables• EV infrastructure• Combined hazard and power flow model

Reference Cases

• February 2010 Chile (Maule), and May 1960 Chile (Concepcion) Earthquakes: change and development in earthquake resiliency between two megathrust earthquakes

• October 1989 California (Loma Prieta) Earthquake: Bay Area violent earthquake and its effect on the region

• March 2011 Japan (Tohoku) Earthquake: most powerful megathrust earthquake in Japan followed by a devastating tsunami

• Japan is a geological mirror of PNW

Reference Cases: Japan

[Kazama et al, “Damage statistics (Summary of the 2011 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake damage),” Soils and Foundation, 2012]

Reference Cases: Next Steps

• Study state of current Chilean and Japanese power systems and ways they are hardened.

• Look into value early seismic warning systems and means by which they can integrated into power systems protection systems.

Renewable Energy Systems

• During 2011 Tohoku earthquake (4.4 million without electricity, and 1.5 million without water, 250,000 people displaced from homes) none of the wind turbines failed (onshore and offshore)

• Although no turbine failures, grid failures prevented some turbines from even coming online

• A small tsunami poses less threat to offshore wind than extreme wave and wind scenarios

• Very few seismic design requirements in IEC, UL for wind and solar: standards more focused on other design elements (External conditions, mechanical systems, control and protection etc...)

• Tests by University of California shows that wind turbines are resilient even in excess of 1g

• Solar panels hold up very well during earthquakes• The remoteness of Oregon wind turbines will protect them from

an earthquake and tsunami, but may not be useful due to grid outages

Electric Vehicles

• HEV/BEV/PEV sales are increasing in Oregon; expected to account for 5% of new car sales by 2018, and 13% by 2025.

• Charging station infrastructure also increasing, almost 450 DOE licensed public stations in Oregon, I5 and HWY 101 almost completely covered.

• Vehicle to grid (V2G) is currently in testing phase.• Nissan, Honda, and Mitsubishi are car companies looking

into it.• PG&E and XCEL are utilities looking into it.

• V2G originally devised as a way to help mitigate peak hours.• Following 2011 Tohoku earthquake, Japanese car companies and

utilities looking into V2G technology as a means of disaster response.

Electric Vehicles

• DOE-NREL-PNNL has looked into using full and half V2G as a means of peak balancing wind farms in the Pacific Northwest.

• Accessible method of transporting power/energy.• Shifts reliance to transportation infrastructure.• Requires coordination between utilities and vehicle companies.

Metrics

[Ghosn et al, “Performance Indicators for Structural Systems and Infrastructure Networks,” Journal of Structural Engineering, 2016]

Metrics

[“State of Reliability,” NERC, 2015]

Integrated Resiliency and Power Systems Models

Next Steps

• Continue combination of power systems and risk data/models

• Developed reduced models for research and education• Survey industry interns• Survey industry partners for PACE course targets• Develop course material• Set academic year research plans

pacific northwest electrical system resiliency and …...• funded by the oregon talent council •...

Documents