CUBISM

Cubism was a 20th century avant-garde art movement, pioneered by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, that revolutionized European painting and sculpture, and inspired related movements in music and literature.

Avant-garde is used to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics.

Cubism

1. Analytic Cubism, was both radical and influential as a short but highly significant art movement between 1907 and 1911 in France.

2. Synthetic Cubism, the movement spread and remained vital until around 1919, when the Surrealist movement gained popularity.

Two Major Branches of Cubism

Three Phases of Cubism

Phases of Cubism

‘’Early Cubism", (from 1906 to 1908) when the movement was initially

developed in the studios of Picasso and Braque.

"High Cubism", (from 1909 to 1914) during which time Juan Gris

emerged as an important exponent.

"Late Cubism" (from 1914 to 1921) as the last

phase of Cubism as a radical avant-garde

movement.

1. Objects are broken up, analyzed, and re-assembled in an abstracted form

2. Instead of depicting objects from one viewpoint, the artist depicts the subject from a multitude of viewpoints to represent the subject in a greater context.

3. Often the surfaces intersect at seemingly random angles, removing a coherent sense of depth.

4. The background and object planes interpenetrate one another to create the shallow ambiguous space.

Characteristics of Cubist Art

Three Most Popular Cubist Artists

Pablo Picasso Georges Braque Juan Gris

Some Examples of Cubist Painting

Portrait of Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler by

Picasso

Still Life with Fruit Dish and Mandolin, by

Juan Gris

Women with a Guitar by Georges Braque

Cubism in Other Field

Sculpture - Woman's

Head, Otto Gutfreund,

Cubist House of the Black Madonna,

Prague, Czech Republic

A part of the enormous

Creators of the Bulgarian

State monument

near Shumen

Early YearsPablo Picasso was born on October 25, 1881 in Malaga, Spain.

Picasso’s father José Ruiz y Blasco was also a painter himself. He taught him the basics of formal and academic art training.

Picasso attended many art schools during his childhood. He never finished his studies at the Academy of Arts in Madrid, dropping out after only a year.

The Blue Period1901 - 1904

Characterized by a predominantly blue palette and subjects focusing on outcasts, beggars, and prostitutes.

This particular pigment is effective in conveying a somber tone.

The psychological trigger for these depressing paintings was the suicide of Picasso's friend Casagemas.

The Blue Period

La Vie (1903)

The Blind Man's Meal (1903)

Woman with A crow (1903)Toledo Museum of Art

The Rose Period

1904 - 1906

Picasso's palette brightened, the paintings dominated by pinks and beiges, light blues, and roses.

His subjects are saltimbanques (circus people), harlequins, and clowns, all of whom seem to be mute and strangely inactive.

The generally upbeat and optimistic mood of paintings in this period is reminiscent of the 1899–1901 period.

The Rose Period

Family of Saltimbanques (1905)

Garcon a la Pipe (1905)

The Beginnings of Cubism

In late 1906, Inspired by Cézanne's flattened depiction of space, and working alongside his friend Georges Braque, he began to express space in strongly geometrical terms.

These initial efforts at developing this almost sculptural sense of space in painting are the beginnings of Cubism.

The Beginnings of Cubism

Gertrude Stein (1906)

Other Proto-Cubist Works

Self-Portrait with Palette (1906)

Other Proto-Cubist Works

The famous "Demoiselles d'Avignon" is often represented as the seminal Cubist work.

The Painting was inspired by African artifacts.

it was a major first step towards Cubism it is not yet Cubist.

Demoiselles is the logical picture to take as the starting point for Cubism, because it marks the birth of a new pictorial idiom, because in it Picasso violently overturned established conventions and because all that followed grew out of it.

Les Demoiselles d'Avignon

Self-Portrait (1907)

Other Proto-Cubist Works

Other Proto-Cubist Works

Composition with Skull (1908)Oil on canvas. 116.3x89 cm

France. 1908 State Museum of New Western Art, Moscow. 1948

Analytic Cubism

(1909–1912)

objects were deconstructed into their components.

In some cases, this was a means to depict different viewpoints simultaneously

In other works, it was used more as a method of visually laying out the FACTS of the object, rather than providing a limited mimetic representation.

The aim of Analytical Cubism was to produce a conceptual image of an object, as opposed to a perceptual one.

Analytic Cubism

Accordionist (1911)

The Guitar Player (1910)

Girl with a Mandolin (Fanny Tellier) (1910)

Portrait of Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler (1910)The Art Institute of Chicago

"Ma Jolie" (Woman with a Zither or Guitar) (1911)

The Glass (1911)

Synthetic cubism

(1912–1919)

In 1912, Picasso took the conceptual representation of Cubism to its logical conclusion by pasting an actual piece of oilcloth onto the canvas.

It was a further development of the genre, in which cut paper fragments—often wallpaper or portions of newspaper pages—were pasted into compositions.

Some of the finest Synthetic Cubist work, both visually and conceptually, are the collages.

Synthetic Cubism

Woman in an Armchair (1913)

Portrait of a Girl (1914)

Harlequin and Woman with a Necklace (1917)

Glass and Bottle of Suze (1912)

After Cubist Period

Classicism and surrealismAfter the war, Picasso, reflecting society's disillusionment and shock with the technological horrors of the war, reverted to a Classicist mode of representation.

During the '30s Picasso became tangentially connected with the Surrealist movement.

After 1935 he returned to Classicism.

By the late '30s, Picasso was the most famous artist in the world.

Three musicians (1921)

Guernica (1937)

Sculptor Picasso

Picasso explored other artistic styles to express himself, including sculpture.

Mandolin and Clarinet and Chicago Picasso are two examples of cubist sculpture.

Sculptures

Mandolin and Clarinet

Chicago Picasso

Thank You

By Joyita Dey