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Exposure or inhalation of infected

Aerosol

Inflammatory response

Bronchopneumonia develops in the lung tissue

(Phagocytosed tubercle bacilli are ingested by macrophages)

bacterial cell wall binds with macrophages

bacilli replication

Necrotic Degeneration occurs

(production of cavities filled with cheese-like

mass of tubercle bacilli, dead WBCs, necrotic lung tissue)

drainage of necrotic materials into the

tracheobronchial tree

(eruption of coughing, formation of lesions)

PRIMARY INFECTION

Lesions may calcify (Ghons Complex)

Tubercle bacilli immunity develops

(2 to 6 weeks after infection)

(maintains in the body as long as living

bacilli remains in the body)

Acquired immunity leads to further growth

Of bacilli and development ofACTIVE INFECTION

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

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Pulmonary Symptoms: General Symptoms:

Dyspnea - Fatigue

Non-productive or productive cough - anorexia

Hemoptysis (blood tinge sputum) - Weight loss

Chest pain that may be pleuritic or dull - low grade fever with chillsand

Chest tightness sweats (often at night)

Crackles may be present on auscultation

With Medical Intervention Without Medical intervention

Early detection/ diagnosis of the dse Reactivation of the tubercle bacilli

Multi-antibacterial therapy (Due to repeated exposure to infected

Fixed- dose therapy Individuals, Immunosuppression)

TB DOTS (Direct Observed Therapy) SECONDARY INFECTION

BCG vaccination

Severe occurrence of lesions in the lungs

No Recurrence Recurrence

Cavitation in the lungs occurs

Good Prognosis Bad Prognosis

Active infection is spread throughout

the body systems

(infiltration of tubercle bacilli in other organs)

TB of the Bones

Potts Disease

Renal TB

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SEVERE OCCURRENCE OFINFECTION

Client becomes clinically ill

BAD PROGNOSIS

DEATH