p63x technical manual

7/30/2019 P63X Technical Manual

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MiCOM P631/P632/

P633/P634Transformer Differential

Protection Devices

Technical Manual

Version: P631 -301/302 -401/402 -601/602/603P632 -301/302 -401/402 -601/602/603

P633 -301/302 -401/402/403 -601/602/603P634 -301/302 -401/402 -601/602/603

P63X/EN M/A32


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MiCOM P631/P632/

P633/P634Transformer Differential

Protection Devices

Technical Manual

Version -301 -401 -601

P63X/EN M/A11(AFSV.12.06660 EN)


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WarningWhen electrical equipment is in operation, dangerous voltage will be present in certain parts of theequipment. Failure to observe warning notices, incorrect use, or improper use may endanger personnel and equipment and cause personal injury or physical damage.

Before working in the terminal strip area, the device must be isolated. Where stranded conductorsare used, wire end ferrules must be employed.

Proper and safe operation of this device depends on appropriate shipping and handling, proper storage, installation and commissioning, and on careful operation, maintenance and servicing.

For this reason only qualified personnel may work on or operate this device.

Qualified Personnelare individuals who

o are familiar with the installation, commissioning, and operation of the device and of the system to which it is beingconnected;

o are able to perform switching operations in accordance with safety engineering standards and are authorized toenergize and de-energize equipment and to isolate, ground, and label it;

o are trained in the care and use of safety apparatus in accordance with safety engineering standards;

o are trained in emergency procedures (first aid).

NoteThe operating manual for this device gives instructions for its installation, commissioning, and operation. However, themanual cannot cover all conceivable circumstances or include detailed information on all topics. In the event of questions or specific problems, do not take any action without proper authorization. Contact the appropriate ALSTOMEnergietechnik GmbH technical sales office and request the necessary information.

Any agreements, commitments, and legal relationships and any obligations on the part of ALSTOM EnergietechnikGmbH, including settlement of warranties, result solely from the applicable purchase contract, which is not affected bythe contents of the operating manual.


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Modifications After Going to Press


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Contents

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06660 EN 7

1 Application and Scope 1-1

2 Technical Data 2-1

2.1 Conformity 2-12.2 General Data 2-12.3 Tests 2-22.3.1 Type Tests 2-22.3.2 Routine Tests 2-42.4 Climatic Conditions 2-42.5 Inputs and Outputs 2-52.6 Interfaces 2-62.7 Information Output 2-82.8 Settings 2-82.9 Deviations 2-92.9.1 Deviations of the Operate Values 2-92.9.2 Deviations of the Timer Stages 2-102.9.3 Deviations of Measured Data Acquisition 2-112.10 Resolution in Fault Data Acquisition 2-122.11 Recording 2-122.12 Power supply 2-122.13 Dimensioning of Current Transformers 2-13


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Contents(continued)

8 P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06660 EN

3 Operation 3-13.1 Modular Structure 3-13.2 Operator-Machine Communication 3-33.3 Configuration of the Measured

Value Panels(function group LOC) 3-4

3.4 Serial Interfaces 3-73.4.1 PC interface (function group PC) 3-73.4.2 Communication interface (function group COMM1) 3-93.5 Time synchronization via the

IRIG-B interface(function group IRIGB) 3-16

3.6 Configuration and operating modeof the binary inputs

(function group INP) 3-17

3.7 Measured data input (function group MEASI) 3-183.7.1 Direct current input 3-193.7.2 Input for Connection of a

Resistance Thermometer 3-22

3.8 Configuration, operating mode andblocking of the output relays

(function group OUTP) 3-23

3.9 Measured data output (function group MEASO) 3-263.9.1 BCD-coded measured data output 3-293.9.2 Analog measured data output 3-313.9.3 Output of external measured data 3-353.10 Configuration and operating mode

of the LED indicators(function group LED) 3-36

3.11 Main functions of the P63x (function group MAIN) 3-383.11.1 Conditioning of the measured

variables3-38

3.11.2 Selection of the residual current tobe monitored

3-42

3.11.3 Operating data measurement 3-453.11.4 Configuring and enabling the

protection functions3-57

3.11.5 Activation of dynamic parameters 3-593.11.6 Multiple blocking 3-593.11.7 Blocked / faulty 3-613.11.8 Starting signals and starting logic 3-623.11.9 Time tag and clock synchronization 3-663.11.10 Resetting mechanisms 3-673.11.11 Test mode 3-68


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Contents(continued)

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06660 EN 9

3.12 Parameter subset selection (function group PSS) 3-693.13 Self-monitoring (function group SFMON) 3-713.14 Operating data recording (function group OP_RC) 3-733.15 Monitoring signal recording (function group MT_RC) 3-743.16 Overload data acquisition (function group OL_DA) 3-753.17 Overload recording (function group OL_RC) 3-783.18 Fault data acquisition (function group FT_DA) 3-813.19 Fault recording (function group FT_RC) 3-893.20 Differential protection (function group DIFF) 3-953.21 Ground differential protection

(Br: Restricted earth fault protection)(function groupsREF_1 to REF_3)

3-116

3.22 Definite-time overcurrentprotection

(function groupsDTOC1 to DTOC3)

3-123

3.23 Inverse-time overcurrent protection (function groupsIDMT1 to IDMT3)

3-133

3.24 Thermal overload protection (function groupsTHRM1 and THRM2)

3-149

3.25 Time-voltage protection (function group V) 3-1583.26 Over-/ underfrequency protection (function group f) 3-1613.27 Limit value monitoring (function group LIMIT) 3-1663.28 Limit value monitoring 1 to 3 (function groups

LIM_1 to LIM_3)3-169

3.29 Programmable logic (function group LOGIC) 3-172


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Contents(continued)

10 P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06660 EN

4 Design 4-1

4.1 Designs 4-24.2 Modules 4-8

5 Installation and connection 5-1

5.1 Unpacking and packing 5-15.2 Checking the nominal data and the design type 5-15.3 Location requirements 5-25.4 Installation 5-35.5 Protective grounding 5-115.6 Connection 5-12

5.6.1 Connecting the measuring and auxiliary circuits 5-125.6.2 Connecting the IRIG-B interface 5-155.6.3 Connecting the serial interfaces 5-15

6 Local control panel 6-1

6.1 Display and keypad 6-26.2 Changing between display levels 6-66.3 Illumination of the display 6-76.4 Control at the Panel level 6-76.5 Control at the menu tree level 6-86.5.1 Navigation in the menu tree 6-86.5.2 Switching between address mode and plain text mode 6-96.5.3 Change-enabling function 6-106.5.4 Changing parameters 6-136.5.5 Setting a list parameter 6-146.5.6 Memory readout 6-156.5.7 Resetting 6-196.5.8 Password-protected control actions 6-206.5.9 Changing the password 6-21

7 Settings 7-1

7.1 Parameters 7-17.1.1 Device identification 7-27.1.2 Configuration parameters 7-67.1.3 Function parameters 7-287.1.3.1 Global 7-287.1.3.2 General functions 7-317.1.3.3 Parameter subsets 7-44

8 Information and control functions 8-1

8.1 Operation 8-18.1.1 Cyclic values 8-18.1.1.1 Measured operating data 8-18.1.1.2 Physical state signals 8-108.1.1.3 Logic state signals 8-138.1.2 Control and testing 8-288.1.3 Operating data recording 8-30

8.2 Events 8-318.2.1 Event counters 8-318.2.2 Measured fault data 8-328.2.3 Fault recording 8-35


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Contents(continued)

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06660 EN 11

9 Commissioning 9-1

9.1Safety instructions

9-1

9.2Commissioning tests

9-3

10 Troubleshooting 10-1

11 Maintenance 11-1

12 Storage 12-1

13 Accessories and spare parts 13-1

14 Order information 14-1

14.1 Order information for P631 in case 40T 14-114.2 Order information for P632 in case 40T 14-214.3 Order information for P633 in case 40T or 84T 14-314.4 Order information for P634 in case 84T 14-4

Appendix


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1 Application and Scope

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06660 EN 1-1

1 Application and Scope

The P63x differential protection devices are designed for the fast and selective short-circuit protection of transformers, motors and generators and of other two-, three- or four-winding arrangements. Four models are available. The P631 and P632 are designed for the protection of two-winding arrangements, the P633 and P634 for the protection of three- or four-winding arrangements, respectively.

Main functionsThe P63x differential protection devices have the following main functions:

Three-system differential protection for protected objects with two windings

Amplitude and vector group matching Zero-sequence current filtering for each winding, may be deactivated

Triple-slope tripping characteristic

Inrush restraint with second harmonic, optionally with or without global effects;may be deactivated

Overfluxing restraint with fifth harmonic component, may be deactivated

Through-stabilization with saturation discriminator

Ground differential protection (Am) ; (Br: Restricted earth fault protection)(This function is not available in the P631.)

Definite-time overcurrent protection (three stages, phase-selective,separate measuring systems for phase currents, negative-sequence currentand residual current)

Inverse-time overcurrent protection (single-stage, phase-selective,separate measuring systems for phase currents, negative-sequence currentand residual current)

Thermal overload protection, choice of relative or absolute thermal replica

Over-/ underfrequency protection

Over-/ undervoltage protection (time-voltage protection)

Limit value monitoring

Programmable logic

The user can select all main functions individually for inclusion in the device configurationor cancel them as desired. By means of a straightforward configuration procedure, theuser can adapt the device flexibly to the scope of protection required in each particular application. The units powerful, freely configurable logic also makes it possible toaccommodate special applications.


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1 Application and Scope(continued)

1-2 P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06660 EN

Global functionsIn addition to the features listed above, the P63x models provide comprehensive self-monitoring as well as the following global functions:

Parameter subset selection

Operating data recording (time-tagged signal logging)

Overload data acquisition

Overload recording (time-tagged signal logging)

Fault data acquisition

Fault signal recording (time-tagged signal logging with fault value recording of the

phase currents for each winding) Extended fault recording (fault recording of the neutral-point current for each winding

as well as the voltage)


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P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06660 EN 1-3

The following function groups are provided in the P63x differential protection devices. For a detailed description of these function groups, see Chapter 3.

P631 P632 P633 P634COMM1: Communication link

DIFF: Differential protection

DTOC1: Definite-time overcurrent protection 1

DTOC2: Definite-time overcurrent protection 2

DTOC3: Definite-time overcurrent protection 3 - -

DVICE: Device

f: Over-/underfrequency protection -

FT_DA: Fault data acquisition

FT_RC: Fault recording

IDMT1: Inverse-time overcurrent protection 1

IDMT2: Inverse-time overcurrent protection 2

IDMT3: Inverse-time overcurrent protection 3 - -

INP: Binary inputs

IRIGB: IRIG-B interface

LED: LED indicators

LIM_1: Limit value monitoring 1

LIM_2: Limit value monitoring 2 LIM_3: Limit value monitoring 3 - -

LIMIT: Limit value monitoring

LOC: Local control panel

LOGIC: Logic

MAIN: Main functions

MEASI: Measured data input

MEASO: Measured data output

MT_RC: Monitoring signal recording

OL_DA: Overload data acquisition

OL_RC: Overload recording

OP_RC: Operating data recording

OUTP: Binary outputs

PC: PC link

PSS: Parameter subset selection

REF_1: Ground differential protection 1 (Am) ;(Br: Restricted earth fault protection 1)

-

REF_2: Ground differential protection 2 -

REF_3: Ground differential protection 3 - -

SFMON: Self-monitoring

THRM1: Thermal overload protection 1

THRM2: Thermal overload protection 2 - -

V: Time-voltage protection -


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DesignThe P63x is modular in design. The plug-in modules are housed in a robust aluminumcase and electrically connected via one analog and one digital bus module.

Inputs and outputsThe P63x models have the following inputs/outputs:

P631 P632 P633 P634

Phase current inputs 6 6 9 12

Inputs for residual or neutral current - 2 3 3

Voltage inputs - 1 1 1

Optical coupler inputs for binary signals(freely configurable function assignment)

4 4 to 10(per order)

4 to 16(per order)

4 to 10(per order)

Additional optical coupler inputs (optional) - 24 24 24

Output relays(freely configurable function assignment)

8 to 14(per order)

8 to 22(per order)

8 to 30(per order)

8 to 22(per order)

Analog input, 0 to 20 mA - 1 1 1

PT 100 input - 1 1 1

Analog output, 0 to 20 mA - 2 2 2

The nominal voltage range of the optical coupler inputs is 24 to 250 V DC without internalswitching. The auxiliary voltage input for the power supply is also a wide-range design.The nominal voltage ranges are 48 to 250 V DC and 100 to 230 V AC. A 24 V DCversion is also available. All output relays are suitable for both signals and commands.

The optional PT 100 input is lead-compensated, balanced and linearized for PT-100resistance thermometers per IEC 751.

The optional 0 to 20 mA input provides open-circuit and overload monitoring, zerosuppression defined by a setting, plus the option of linearizing the input variable via 20adjustable interpolation points.

Two freely selected measured variables (cyclically updated measured operating data,stored overload data and stored measured fault data) can be output as a load-independent direct current via the two optional 0 to 20 mA outputs. The characteristicsare defined via 3 adjustable interpolation points allowing a minimum output current(4 mA, for example) for receiver-side open-circuit monitoring, knee-point definition for finescaling and a limitation to lower nominal currents (10 mA, for example). Where sufficientoutput relays are available, a freely selected measured variable can be output in BCD-coded form via contacts.

InterfacesLocal control and display:


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Local control panel with LCD display 17 LED indicators, 13 of which allow freely configurable function assignment

PC interface

Communication interface for connection to a substation control system (optional)

Information exchange is via the local control panel, the PC interface, or the optionalcommunication interface.

The communication interface complies with the international IEC 60870-5-103 standardor alternatively, with IEC 870-5-101, MODBUS or DNP 3.0. Using the communicationinterface, the P63x can be integrated with a substation control system.


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2 Technical Data

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06660 EN 2-1

2 Technical Data

2.1 Conformity

Notice Applicable to P631/P632/P633/P634, version 301-401-601.

Declaration of conformity (Per Article 10 of EC Directive 72/73/EC.)The products designated P631, P632, P633 and P634 Transformer DifferentialProtection Devices have been designed and manufactured in conformance with theEuropean standards EN 60255-6 and EN 60010-1 and with the EMC Directive and theLow Voltage Directive issued by the Council of the European Community.

2.2 General Data

General device dataDesignSurface-mounted case suitable for wall installation or flush-mounted case for 19 cabinets and for control panels.

Installation PositionVertical 30.

Degree of ProtectionPer DIN VDE 0470 and EN 60529 or IEC 529.IP 50; IP 20 for rear connection space with flush-mounted case.

WeightCase 40 T: approx. 7 kgCase 84 T: approx. 11 kg

Dimensions and ConnectionsSee Dimensional Drawings (Chapter 4) and Terminal Connection Diagrams (Chapter 5).

Terminals

PC Interface (X6):DIN 41652 connector, type D-Sub, 9-pin.

Communication Interface:Optical fibers (X7 and X8): F-SMA optical fiber connector

per IEC 874-2 or DIN 47258or BFOC (ST ) optical fiber connector 2.5per IEC 874-10 or DIN 47254-1(ST is a registered trademark of AT&TLightguide Cable Connectors)

or Leads (X9 and X10): M2 threaded terminal ends for wire cross-sections

up to 1.5 mm 2.

IRIG-B Interface (X11):BNC plug


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2 Technical Data(continued)

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06660 EN 2-3

Electrical Fast Transient or Burst RequirementsPer EN 61000-4-4 or IEC 60255-22-4, severity levels 3 and 4.Rise time of one pulse: 5 ns,Impulse duration (50% value): 50 ns,

Amplitude: 2 kV / 1 kV or 4 kV / 2 kVBurst duration: 15 ms,Burst period: 300 msBurst frequency: 5 kHz or 2.5 kHzSource impedance: 50

Current/Voltage Surge Immunity TestPer EN 61000-4-5 or IEC 61000-4-5, insulation class 4.Testing of circuits for power supply and unsymmetrical or symmetrical lines.

Open-circuit voltage, front time / time to half-value: 1.2 / 50 sShort-circuit current, front time / time to half-value: 8 / 20 s

Amplitude: 4 / 2 kV,Pulse frequency: > 5 / minSource impedance: 12 / 42

Immunity to Conducted Disturbances Induced by Radio Frequency FieldsPer EN 61000-4-6 or IEC 61000-4-6, severity level 3.Test voltage: 10 V

Power Frequency Magnetic Field ImmunityPer EN 61000-4-8 or IEC 61000-4-8, severity level 4.Frequency: 50 HzTest field strength: 30 A / m

Alternating Component (Ripple) in DC Auxiliary Energizing QuantityPer IEC 255-11.12 %

InsulationVoltage TestPer EN 61010-1 or IEC 255-5.2 kV AC, 60 sDirect voltage (2.8 kV DC) must be used for the voltage test of the power supply inputs.The PC interface must not be subjected to the voltage test.

Impulse Voltage Withstand TestPer IEC 255-5Front time: 1.2 sTime to half-value: 50 sPeak value: 5 kVSource impedance: 500


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Mechanical robustnessVibration TestPer EN 60255-21-1 or IEC 255-21-1, test severity class 1.Frequency range in operation: 10 to 60 Hz, 0.035 mm, 60 to 150 Hz, 0.5 gFrequency range during transport: 10 to 150 Hz, 1 g

Shock Response and Withstand Test, Bump TestPer EN 60255-21-2 or IEC 255-21-2, test severity class 1.

Acceleration: 5 g / 15 gPulse duration: 11 ms

Seismic TestPer EN 60255-21-3 , test procedure A, class 1

Frequency range:5 to 8 Hz, 3.5 mm / 1.5 mm, 8 to 35 Hz, 10 / 5 m/s 2, 3 1 cycle

2.3.2 Routine Tests

All tests per EN 60255-6 or IEC 255-6.and DIN 57435 part 303

Voltage TestPer IEC 255-5.2.5 kV AC, 1 s.Direct voltage (2.8 kV DC) must be used for the voltage test of the power supply inputs.The PC interface must not be subjected to the voltage test.

Additional Thermal Test100% controlled thermal endurance test, inputs loaded.

2.4 Climatic Conditions

Environment TemperaturesRecommended temperature range: -5C to +55C or +23F to +131F.Limit temperature range: -25C to +70C or -13F to +158F.

Humidity 75 % relative humidity (annual mean),56 days at 95 % relative humidity and 40C or 104F, condensation not permissible.

Solar RadiationDirect solar radiation on the front of the device must be avoided.


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2.5 Inputs and Outputs

Measurement inputsCurrentNominal current: 1 or 5 A AC (per order).Nominal consumption per phase: < 0.1 VA at I nomLoad rating:continuous: 4 I nomfor 10 s: 30 I nomfor 1 s: 100 I nomNominal surge current: 250 I nom

VoltageNominal voltage V nom : 50 to 130 V AC (adjustable)Nominal consumption per phase: < 0.3 VA at V nom = 130 V ACLoad rating: continuous 150 V AC

FrequencyNominal frequency f nom : 50 Hz and 60 Hz (adjustable)

Frequency protection function:Operating range: 40 to 70 Hz

All other protection functions:Operating range: 0.95 to 1.05 f nom .

Binary signal inputsNominal voltage V in,nom : 24 to 250 V DC.Operating range: 0.8 to 1.1 V in,nom with a residual ripple of up to 12 % V in,nomPower consumption per input:Vin = 19 to 110 V DC: 0.5 W 30 %,Vin > 110 V DC: 5 mA 30 %.

Direct current input Input current: 0 to 26 mAValue range: 0.00 to 1.20 I DC,nom (IDC,nom = 20 mA)Maximum permissible continuous current: 50 mAMaximum permissible input voltage: 17 VInput load: 100 Open-circuit monitoring: 0 to 10 mA (adjustable)Overload monitoring: > 24.8 mAZero suppression: 0.000 to 0.200 I DC,nom (adjustable)

Resistance thermometer Resistance thermometer: only PT 100 permitted,Mapping curve per IEC 751 .Value range: -40.0C to +215.0C (-40F to +419F)3-wire configuration: max. 20 per conductor.Open and short-circuited input permittedOpen-circuit monitoring: > +215C and < -40C ( > +419F and < -40F)


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Output relaysRated voltage: 250 V DC, 250 V ACContinuous current: 5 AShort-duration current: 30 A for 0.5 sMaking capacity: 1000 W (VA) at L/R = 40 msBreaking capacity: 0.2 A at 220 V DC and L/R = 40 ms

4 A at 230 V AC and cos = 0.4

BCD-coded measured dataoutput

Maximum numerical value that can be displayed: 399

Analog measured dataoutput

Value range: 0 to 20 mAPermissible load: 0 to 500 Maximum output voltage: 15 V

2.6 Interfaces

Local control panel Input or output:via seven keys and a LCD display of 4 x 20 characters

State and fault signals:17 LED indicators (4 permanently assigned, 13 freely configurable)

PC interfaceTransmission rate: 300 to 115 200 baud (adjustable)

Communication interfaceSettable communications protocols:Per IEC 60870-5-103, IEC 870-5-101, MODBUS and DNP 3.0 (user selection)

Wire LeadsPer RS 485 or RS 422, 2 kV isolationDistance to be bridged:Point-to-point connection: max. 1.200 mMultipoint connection: max. 100 m

Module Transmission Rate Communication Protocol

A 0336 426 300 to 19,200 baud (adjustable) IEC 60870-5-103

A 9650 356 300 to 64,000 baud (adjustable) adjustable


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P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06660 EN 2-7

Plastic Fiber ConnectionOptical wavelength: typically 660 nmOptical output: min. 7.5 dBmOptical sensitivity: min. -20 dBmOptical input: max. -5 dBmDistance to be bridged: 1) max. 45 m




Glass Fiber Connection G 50/125Optical wavelength: typically 820 nmOptical output: min. -19.8 dBmOptical sensitivity: min. -24 dBmOptical input: max. -10 dBmDistance to be bridged: 1) max. 400 m




Glass Fiber Connection G 62.5/125Optical wavelength: typically 820 nmOptical output: min. -16 dBmOptical sensitivity: min. -24 dBmOptical input: max. -10 dBmDistance to be bridged: 1) max. 1400 m




IRIG-B interfaceB122 format

Amplitude-modulated1 kHz carrier signalBCD time-of-year code

____________________________________________________________________

1)

Distance to be bridged given identical optical outputs and inputs at both ends,a system reserve of 3 dB, and typical fiber attenuation.


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2.7 Information Output

Counters, measured data, signals and indications: see Address List

2.8 Settings

Typical characteristic dataMain FunctionMinimum output pulse for a trip command: 0.1 to 10 s (adjustable)Output pulse for a close command: 0.1 to 10 s (adjustable)

Differential ProtectionMinimum tripping time: 19 ms

Definite-Time and Inverse-Time Overcurrent ProtectionOperate time including output relay (measured variable from 0 to 2-fold operate value):

40 ms, approx. 30 msRelease time (measured variable from 2-fold operate value to 0):

40 ms, approx. 30 msDisengaging ratio for starting: approx. 0.95


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P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06660 EN 2-9

2.9 Deviations

2.9.1 Deviations of the Operate Values

DefinitionsReference ConditionsSinusoidal signals at nominal frequency f nom , total harmonic distortion 2 %, ambienttemperature 20 C (68F), and nominal auxiliary voltage V A,nom .

DeviationDeviation relative to the setting under reference conditions.

Differential protectionMeasuring SystemDeviation for I diff 0.2 I ref : 5 %

Inrush StabilizationDeviation: 10 %

Ground differential protection

Measuring SystemDeviation for I diff 0.2 I ref : 5 %

Definite-time and inverse-

time overcurrent protection Deviation: 5 %

Thermal overload protection

Deviation: 5 %

Frequency protectionDeviation: 3 %

Voltage protectionDeviation: 3 %

Direct current input Deviation: 1 %

Resistance thermometer Deviation: 2 or 1 %

Analog measured dataoutput

Deviation: 1 %Output residual ripple for max. load: 1 %


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2.9.2 Deviations of the Timer Stages

DefinitionsReference ConditionsSinusoidal signals at nominal frequency f nom , total harmonic distortion 2 %, ambienttemperature 20 C (68F), and nominal auxiliary voltage V A,nom .

DeviationDeviation relative to the setting under reference conditions.

Definite-time stagesDeviation: 1 % or + 20 to 40 ms

Inverse-time stagesDeviation for I 2 I ref : 5 % +10 to 25 msFor IEC characteristic extremely inverse: 7.5 % +10 to 20 ms


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2.9.3 Deviations of Measured Data Acquisition

DefinitionsReference ConditionsSinusoidal signals at nominal frequency f nom , total harmonic distortion 2 %, ambienttemperature 20 C, and nominal auxiliary voltage V A,nom .

DeviationDeviation relative to the corresponding nominal value under reference conditions.

Operating datameasurement

Measuring Input CurrentsDeviation: 1 %

Measuring Input VoltageDeviation: 0.5 %

Restraining and Differential Currents Formed InternallyDeviation: 2 %

FrequencyDeviation: 10 mHz

Direct Current of Measured Data Input and OutputDeviation: 1 %

TemperatureDeviation: 2 C

Fault data acquisitionShort-Circuit Current and VoltageDeviation: 3 %

Restraining and Differential CurrentsDeviation: 5 %

Internal clock With free running internal clock:Deviation: < 1min/month

With external synchronization (with a synchronization interval 1 min):Deviation: < 10 ms


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2.10 Resolution in Fault Data Acquisition

ResolutionTime resolution: 20 sampled values per period

Phase and Neutral-Point CurrentsDynamic range: 33 Inom

Amplitude resolution:where I nom = 1 A: 2 mA r.m.s.where I nom = 5 A: 10.1 mA r.m.s.

VoltageDynamic range: 150 V AC

Amplitude resolution: 9.2 mV r.m.s

2.11 Recording

Fault Logging The maximum fault recording period is 16.4 s (for 50Hz) or 13.7 s (for 60 Hz)including the settable pre-fault and post-fault periods.The maximum fault recording period can be divided between up to 8 faults.Up to 200 start or end signals per fault can be stored.

For a recording period in excess of the maximum fault recording period, the analogvalues of the oldest fault are overwritten. If more than 8 faults have occurred since thelast reset, all data (binary as well as analog) of the oldest fault are erased.

Self-monitoring Up to 30 monitoring signals can be stored.

2.12 Power supply

Power supply Nominal auxiliary voltage V A,nom :24 V DC or 48 to 250 V DC and 100 to 230 V AC (per order)

Operating range for direct voltage:0.8 to 1.1 V A,nom with a residual ripple of up to 12 % V A,nomOperating range for alternating voltage: 0.9 to 1.1 V A,nom

Nominal consumption where V A = 220 V DC and maximum module configuration

For case 40 T 84 T

Initial position approx.: 12.6 W 14.5 W

Active position approx.: 34.1 W 42.3 W

Start-up peak current: < 3 A for duration of 0.25 ms

Stored energy time: 50 ms for interruption of V A 220 V DC


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2.13 Dimensioning of Current Transformers

The following equation is used for dimensioning a current transformer to the offsetmaximum primary current:

( ) ( ) ' max1,iopnominomsat IkRRInRRV ++=

where:satV : saturation voltage

I1,max' : non-offset maximum primary current, converted to the secondary side

Inom : rated secondary current

n: rated overcurrent factor k: overdimensioning factor Rnom : rated burden

:R op actual connected operating burden

R i: internal burden

The current transformer can then be dimensioned for the minimum required saturationvoltage satV as follows:

( ) ' max1,iopsat IkRRV +

Alternatively, the current transformer can also be dimensioned for the minimum requiredrated overcurrent factor n by specifying a rated power P nom as follows:

( )( )

( )( ) nom

'max1,

inom

iop

nom

'max1,

inom

iop

I

Ik

PP

PP

I

Ik

RR

RRn

++

=++

where

2nomii

2nomopop

2nomnomnom

IRP

IRP

IRP

=

==

Theoretically, the current transformer could be dimensioned for lack of saturation byinserting in the place of the required overdimensioning factor k its maximum:

k Tmax +1 1

where: : system angular frequencyT1: system time constant


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However, this is not necessary. Instead, it is sufficient to dimension the overdimensioningfactor k such that the normal behavior of the analyzed protective function is guaranteedunder the given conditions.

The transformer differential protection device is equipped with a saturation discriminator.This function will generate a stabilizing blocking signal if a differential current occurs as aconsequence of transformer saturation with an external fault (in contrast to an internalfault). For the passing maximum fault current in the case of an external fault,overdimensioning is, therefore, obviated.

For the maximum fault current with an internal fault, static saturation up to a maximumsaturation factor f S of 4 is permissible. This corresponds to an overdimensioning factor kof 0.25.

The implementation of these requirements is comparitively unproblematic as transformer differential protection would require overdimensioning in accordance with the total faultclearing time, that is including the total circuit-breaker-open time for an external fault.

The current transformers should comply with the fault tolerance values of class 5P.


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3 Operation

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3 Operation

3.1 Modular Structure

The P63x, a numerical protection device, is one of the units of instrumentation in theMiCOM P 30 product range. The devices that are part of this range are built fromidentical uniform hardware modules. Figure 3-1 shows the basic hardware structure of the P63x.

3-1 Basic hardware structure


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The external analog and binary quantities electrically isolated are converted to theinternal processing levels by the peripheral modules T, Y and X. Commands and signalsgenerated by the device internally are transmitted to external destinations via floatingcontacts through the binary I/O modules X. The external auxiliary voltage is applied tothe power supply module V which supplies the auxiliary voltages that are requiredinternally.

Analog data are always transferred from the transformer module T via the analog busmodule B to the processor module P. The processor module contains all the elementsnecessary for the conversion of measured analog variables, including multiplexers andanalog/digital converters. The analog data conditioned by the analog I/O module Y aretransferred to the processor module P via the digital bus module. Binary signals are fedto the processor module by the binary I/O modules X via the digital bus module. The

processor handles the processing of digitized measured variables and of binary signals,generates the protective trip and signals and transfers them to the binary I/O modules Xvia the digital bus module. Moreover, the entire device communication is handled by theprocessor module. As an option, communication module A can be mounted on theprocessor module to provide serial communication with substation control systems.

The control and display elements of the integrated local control panel and the integratedPC interface are housed on control module L.


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3.2 Operator-Machine Communication

The following interfaces are available for the exchange of information between operator and device:

Integrated local control panel

PC interface

Communication interface

All setting parameters and signals as well as all measured variables and control functionsare arranged within the branches of the menu tree following a scheme that is uniformthroughout the device family. The main branches are:

Parameters branchThis branch carries all setting parameters, including the device identification data, theconfiguration parameters for adapting the device interfaces to the system, and thefunction parameters for adapting the device functions to the process. All values in thisgroup are stored in non-volatile memory, which means that the values will be preservedeven if the power supply fails.

Operation branchThis branch carries all information relevant for operation such as measured operatingdata and binary signal states. This information is updated periodically and consequentlyis not stored. In addition, various control parameters are grouped here, for examplethose for resetting counters, memories and displays.

Events branchThe third branch is reserved for the recording of events. Therefore all informationcontained in this group is stored. In particular, the start/end signals during a fault, themeasured fault data, and the sampled fault records are stored here and can be read outat a later time.

Settings and signals are displayed either in plain text or as addresses, in accordance withthe users choice. The appendix documents the settings and signals of the P63x in theform of an address list. This address list is complete and thus contains all settings,signals and measured variables used with the P63x.

The configuration of the local control panel moreover allows the installation of MeasuredValue Panels on the LCD display. Different panels are automatically displayed for certainoperation conditions of the system. Priority increases from normal operation to operationunder overload conditions and finally to operation following a short-circuit in the system.The P63x thus provides the measured data relevant for the prevailing conditions.


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3.3 Configuration of the Measured Value Panels (Function Group LOC)

The P63x offers Measured Value Panels which display the measured values relevant at agiven time.

During normal power system operation, the Operation Panel is displayed. As an eventoccurs, the display switches to the appropriate Event Panel - provided that measuredvalues have been selected for the Event Panels. In the event of overload event, thedisplay will automatically switch to the Operation Panel at the end of the event. In theevent of a fault, the Fault Panel remains active until the LED indicators or the faultmemories are reset.

Operation Panel The Operation Panel is displayed after the set return time has elapsed, provided that atleast one measured value has been configured.

From the measured operating data, values may be selected via an 'm out of n' parameter for display on the Operation Panel. If more measured values are selected for displaythan the LC display can accommodate, then the display will switch to the next set of values at intervals defined by the setting at L O C : H o l d - t i m e f o r P a n e l s or whenthe appropriate key on the local control panel is pressed.

3-2 Operation Panel


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Fault panel The Fault Panel is displayed in place of another data panel when there is a fault, providedthat at least one measured value has been configured. The Fault Panel remains ondisplay until the LED indicators or the fault memories are reset.

The user can select the measured fault values that will be displayed on the Fault Panel bysetting an 'm out of n' parameter. If more measured values are selected for display thanthe LC display can accommodate, then the display will switch to the next set of values atintervals defined by the setting at L O C : H o l d - t i m e f o r P a n e l s or when theappropriate key on the local control panel is pressed.

3-3 Fault panel


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Overload panel The Overload Panel is automatically displayed in place of another data panel when thereis an overload, provided that at least one measured value has been configured. TheOverload Panel remains on display until the overload ends, unless a fault occurs. In thiscase the display switches to the Fault Panel.

The user can select the measured values that will be displayed on the Overload Panel bysetting an 'm out of n' parameter. If more measured values are selected for display thanthe LC display can accommodate, then the display will switch to the next set of values atintervals defined by the setting at L O C : H o l d - t i m e f o r P a n e l s or when theappropriate key on the local control panel is pressed.

3-4 Overload Panel


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3.4 Serial Interfaces

The P63x has a PC interface as standard component. The communication interface isoptional. Setting and readout is possible through both P63x interfaces.

If tests are run on the P63x, the user is advised to activate the test mode so that the PCor the control system will evaluate all incoming signals accordingly (see GeneralFunctions).

3.4.1 PC Interface (Function Group PC)

Communication between the device P63x and a PC is through the PC interface. In order for data transfer between the P63x and the PC to function, several settings must bemade in the P63x.

The S&R-103 Operating Program is available as an accessory for P63x control (see theChapter entitled Accessories).


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3-5 PC interface settings


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3.4.2 Communication Interface (Function Group COMM1)

Communication between the P63x and the control stations computer is through thecommunication interface. Depending on the design version of the communicationmodule A (see Technical Data), several interface protocols are available. The protocolas per IEC 60870-5-103 is supported for all versions. The following user-selectedinterface protocols are available for use with the P63x:

IEC 60870-5-103, Transmission protocols - Companion standard for the informativeinterface of protection equipment, first edition, 1997-12 (corresponds to VDEW / ZVEIRecommendation, Protection communication companion standard 1, compatibilitylevel 2, February 1995 edition) with additions covering control and monitoring

IEC 870-5-101, Telecontrol equipment and systems - Part 5: Transmissionprotocols - Section 101 Companion standard for basic telecontrol tasks, first edition1995-11

ILS-C, internal protocol of ALSTOM Energietechnik GmbH

MODBUS

DNP 3.0

In order for data transfer to function properly, several settings must be made in the P63x.

The communication interface can be blocked through a binary signal input. In addition, asignal or measured-data block can also be imposed through a binary signal input.


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3-6 Selecting the interface protocol


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3-7 Settings for the IEC 60870-5-103 interface protocol


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3-8 Settings for the IEC 870-5-101 interface protocol


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3-10 Set tings for the MODBUS protocol


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3-11 Set tings for the DNP 3.0 protocol


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3.5 Time Synchronization via the IRIG-B Interface (Function Group IRIGB)

If, for example, a GPS receiver with IRIG-B connection is available, the internal clock of the P63x can be synchronized to run on GPS time using the optional IRIG-B interface. Itshould be noted that the IRIG-B signal holds information on the day only (day of thecurrent year). Using this information and the year set at the P63x, the P63x calculatesthe current date (DD.MM.YY).

Disabling or enabling theIRIG-B interface

The IRIG-B interface can be disabled or enabled from the local control panel.

Ready to synchronizeIf the IRIG-B interface is enabled and receiving a signal, the P63x checks the receivedsignal for plausibility. Implausible signals are rejected by the P63x. If the P63x does notreceive a correct signal in the long run, synchronization will not be ready any longer.

3-12 IRIG-B-interface


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3.6 Configuration and Operating Mode of the Binary Inputs (Function Group INP)

The P63x has optical coupler inputs for the processing of binary signals from thesubstation. The functions that will be activated by triggering these binary signal inputsare defined by the configuration of the binary signal inputs. The trigger signal mustpersist for at least 30 ms in order to be recognized by the P63x.

Configuration of the binary inputs

To each binary signal input, a function can be assigned by configuration. The samefunction can be assigned to several signal inputs. Thereby, a function can be activatedfrom several control points with differing signal voltages.

In this manual, we assume that the required functions (marked EXT in the addressdescription) have been assigned to binary signal inputs by configuration.

Operating mode of thebinary inputs

For each binary signal input, the operating mode can be defined by the user. The user can specify whether the presence (active high mode) or the absence (active lowmode) of a voltage should be interpreted as the logic 1 signal. The display of the stateof a binary signal input low or high is independent of the setting for the operatingmode of the signal input.

3-13 Configuration and operating mode of the binary signal inputs


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3.7 0 Measured Data Input (Function Group MEASI)

The P63x has a measured data input function involving two inputs. Direct current is fedto the P63x through one of the inputs. The other input is designed for connection of aresistance thermometer.

The input current I DC is displayed as a measured operating value. The current that isconditioned for monitoring purposes (I DClin) is also displayed as a measured operatingvalue. In addition, it is monitored by the limit value monitoring function to detect whether it exceeds or falls below set thresholds (see Limit Value Monitoring).

The measured temperature is also displayed as a measured operating value andmonitored by the limit value monitoring function to detect whether it exceeds or fallsbelow set thresholds (see Limit Value Monitoring).

Disabling and enabling measured data input

The measured data input function can be disabled or enabled from the local controlpanel.

3-14 Disabling and enabling the measured data input function


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3.7.1 Direct Current Input

External measuring transducers normally supply an output current of 0 to 20 mA that isdirectly proportional to the physical quantity being measured the temperature, for example. If the output current of the measuring transducer is directly proportional to themeasured quantity only in certain ranges, linearization can be arranged - provided thatthe measured data input is set accordingly. Furthermore, it may be necessary for certainapplications to limit the range being monitored or to monitor certain parts of the rangethat have a higher or lower sensitivity. By setting the value pair M E A S I : I D C x andM E A S I : I D C l i n x , the user specifies which input current (I DC) will correspond to thecurrent that is monitored by the limit value monitoring function (I DC,lin ). The pointsdetermined in this way, which are called interpolation points, are connected by straightlines in an I DC-IDClin diagram. In order to implement a simple characteristic, it is sufficient

to specify two interpolation points, which are also used as limiting values (Figure 3-15).Up to 20 interpolation points are available for implementing a complex characteristic.

When setting the characteristic the user must remember that only a monotone ascendingcurve is allowed. If the setting differs, the signal S F M O N : I n v a l i d s c a l i n g I D Cwill be generated.

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

1.1

1.2

0 0.1 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.6 IDC / IDC,nom

IDClin / IDC,nom

IDC1 IDC20

IDClin1

IDClin20

D5Z52KDA

3-15 Example of the conversion of 4-10 mA input current to 0-20 mA monitored current, IDClin


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0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2

IDC / IDC,nom

IDClin / IDC,nom

D5Z52KEA

IDC1 IDC2 IDC3 IDC4 IDC20

IDClin1

IDClin2

IDClin3

IDClin4

IDClin20

Interpolation points

Enable IDC p.u.

3-16 Example of a characteristic having five interpolation points (characteristic with zero suppression setting of 0.1 I DC,nom is shown as abroken line)

Zero suppressionZero suppression is defined by setting M E A S I : E n a b l e I D C p . u . If the directcurrent does not exceed the set threshold, the per-unit input current I DC p.u. and thecurrent I DClin will be displayed as having a value of 0 .

Open-circuit and overload monitoring

The device is equipped with an open-circuit monitoring function. If current I DC falls belowthe set threshold, the signal ME A S I : O p e n c i r c . 2 0 m A i n p . is issued.

The input current is monitored in order to protect the 20 mA input against overloading. If it exceeds the fixed threshold of 24.8 mA, the signal M E A S I : O v e r l o a d 2 0 m Ai n p u t is issued.


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3-17 Analog direct current input


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Beyond the linearization described above, the user has the option of scaling thelinearized values. Thereby negative values, for example, can be displayed as well andare available for further processing by protection functions.

3-18 Scaling of the linearized measured value

3.7.2 Input for Connection of a Resistance Thermometer

This input is designed for connection of a PT 100 resistance thermometer. The mappingcurve R = f(T) of PT 100 resistance thermometers is defined in DIN IEC 751. If thePT 100 is connected using the 3-wire method, then no further calibration is required.

Open-circuit monitoring If there is an open measuring circuit due to wire breakage, the signal M E A S I : P T 1 0 0faulty is generated.

3-19 Temperature measurement using resistance thermometer


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1.1 Configuration, Operating Mode and Blocking of the Output Relays(Function Group OUTP)

The P63x has output relays for the output of binary signals. The binary signals to beissued are defined by configuration.

Configuration of the output relays

To each output relay, a binary signal can be assigned. The same binary signal can beassigned to several output relays by configuration.

Operating mode of theoutput relays

The user can set an operating mode for each output relay that determines whether theoutput relay operates in an energize-on-signal arrangement (open-circuit principle) or normally-energized arrangement (closed-circuit principle) and whether it operates inlatching mode. Latching is disabled either manually from the local control panel or by anappropriately configured binary signal input, at the onset of a new fault or of a newsystem disturbance, depending on the operating mode selected.

Blocking the output relaysThe P63x offers the option of blocking all output relays from the local control panel or byway of an appropriately configured binary signal input. The output relays are likewiseblocked if the device is disabled via appropriately configured binary inputs or if the self-monitoring function detects a hardware fault. An output relay configured for the signalMAIN: Blocked/faulty is not included in blocking.


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3-20 Configuration, operating mode and blocking of the output relays


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Testing the output relaysFor testing purposes, the user can select an output relay and trigger it via the local controlpanel. Triggering persists while the set hold time is running.

3-21 Testing the output relays


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3.9 Measured Data Output (Function Group MEASO)

Output of the measured fault or ground fault data provided by the P63x can be inBCD-coded form through output relays or in analog form as direct current. Output asdirect current can only occur if the device is equipped with analog I/O module Y. BCD-coded output, however, is possible, regardless of whether the device is equipped withanalog I/O module Y or not.

Disabling and enabling themeasured data output function

The measured data output function can be disabled or enabled from the local controlpanel.

3-22 Disabling and enabling the measured data output function


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Enabling measured dataoutput

Measured data output can be enabled through a binary signal input, provided that thefunction MEASO: Outp. enabled EXT has been configured. If the functionM E A S O : O u t p . e n a b l e d E X T has not been configured for a binary signal input,then measured data output is always enabled.

3-23 Enabling measured data output


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Resetting the measured data output function

BCD-coded or analog output of measured data is terminated while the hold time elapsesif one of the following conditions is met:

The measured data output function is reset from the local control panel or through anappropriately configured binary signal input.

There is a general reset.

The LED indicators have been reset.

3-24 Resetting the measured data output function


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3.9.1 BCD-Coded Measured Data Output

The user can select a measured value for output in BCD-coded form through outputrelays.

The selected measured value is output in BCD-coded form for the duration of the set holdtime (ME A S O : H o l d t i m e o u t p u t B C D . If the selected variable was notmeasured, then there is no output of a measured value.

Output of measured event values

If the measured event value is updated while the hold time is elapsing, the measuredvalue output memory is cleared and the hold time is re-started. This means that theupdated value is immediately output.

Output of measured operating values

The measured operating value is output for the duration of the hold time. After the holdtime has elapsed, the current value is saved and the hold time is re-started. If the holdtime has been set to blocked , the measured operating value that has been output will bestored until the measured data output function is reset.

Scaling The resolution for measured data output is defined by setting the scaling factor. Thescaling factor should be selected so that the value 399 is not exceeded by the maximummeasured value to be output. If this should occur, however, or if the measured value isoutside the acceptable measuring range, then the value for Overflow (all relaystriggered) is transmitted.

factor scalingM

M max,xscal,x =

where:scal,xM : scaled measured value

Mx,max : maximum transmitted value for the selected measured value


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3-25 BCD-coded measured data output


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3.9.2 Analog Measured Data Output

Analog output of measured data is two-channel.

The user can select two of the measured values available in the P63x for output in theform of load-independent direct current. Three interpolation points per channel can bedefined for specific adjustments such as adjustment to the scaling of a measuringinstrument. The direct current that is output is displayed as a measured operating value.

The selected measured value is output as direct current for the duration of the set holdtime (ME A S O : H o l d t i m e o u t p u t A - x ) . If the selected variable was notmeasured, then there is no output of a measured value.

Output of measured event values

If the measured event value is updated while the hold time is elapsing, the measuredvalue output memory is cleared and the hold time is re-started. This means that theupdated value is immediately output.

Output of measured operating values

The measured operating value is output for the duration of the hold time. After the holdtime has elapsed, the current value is saved and the hold time is re-started. If the holdtime has been set to blocked , the measured operating value that has been output will bestored until the measured data output function is reset.

Configuration of output relays assigned to theoutput channels

The user must keep in mind that direct current output only occurs when the output relaysassigned to the output channels are configured for M E A S O : V a l u e A - x o u t p u t ,since otherwise the output channels remain short-circuited (see terminal connectiondiagrams).


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Scaling The minimum and maximum values to be transmitted for the selected measured valueand one additional value for the knee point must be scaled to the range limit value of themeasured value. By setting the following parameters the user can obtain an analogoutput characteristic like the one shown in Figure 3-26.

M E A S O : S c a l e d m i n . v a l . A - x

M E A S O : S c a l e d k n e e v a l . A - x

M E A S O : S c a l e d m a x . v a l . A - x

M E A S O : A n O u t m i n . v a l . A - x

M E A S O : A n O u t k n e e p o i n t A - x

M E A S O : A n O u t m a x . v a l . A - x

The scaled values that need to be set can be calculated using the following formulas:

Formulas Example

Key to the Formulas:

RL,xM : Range limit value of

selected measured value

min,xM : Minimum value to be

transmitted for selectedmeasured value

knee,xM : Knee point value to be


max,xM : Maximum value to be


min,scal,xM : Scaled minimum value

knee,scal,xM : Scaled knee point value

max,scal,xM : Scaled maximum value

Let voltage V12 be selected as themeasured value to be transmitted. Let themeasuring range be 0 to 1.5 V nom .

When V nom = 100 V, the range limit valuein the assumed example is 150 V.

Range to be transmitted:0.02 to 1 V nom = 2 to 100 V

Knee point:0.1 V nom = 10 V

RL,x

min,xmin,scal,x M

MM = 013.0

V150V2

M min,scal,x ==

RL,x

knee,xknee,scal,x M

MM = 067.0

V150V10

M knee,scal,x ==

RL,x

max,xmax,scal,x M

MM = 67.0

V150V100

M max,scal,x ==


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By setting M E A S O : A n O u t m i n . v a l u e A - x , the user can specify the outputcurrent that will be output when values are smaller than or equal to the set minimummeasured value to be transmitted. The setting at M E A S O : A n O u t m a x . v a l . A -x defines the output current that is output for the maximum measured value to betransmitted. By defining the knee point, the user can obtain two characteristic curvesections with different slopes. When making this setting the user must keep in mind thatonly a monotone ascending or a monotone descending curve is allowed. If the wrongsetting is entered, the signal S F M O N : I n v a l i d s c a l i n g A - x will be generated.

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

0 0.02 0.1 1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5

Ia / mA

D5Z52KFA

Min. outputvalue

Knee pointoutput value

Max.output value

Mx,scal0.013 0.067 0.667

Vnom

3-26 Example of a characteristic curve for analog output of measured data


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3-27 Analog measured data output


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3.9.3 Output of External Measured Data

Measured data from external devices, which must be scaled for 0-100%, can be writtento the following parameters of the P63x by way of the communications interface:

M E A S O : O u t p u t v a l u e 1



These "external" measured values are output by the P63x either in the form of BCD-coded data or as load-independent direct current, provided that the BCD-codedmeasured data output function or the channels of the analog measured data outputfunction are configured accordingly.


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3.10 Configuration and Operating Mode of the LED Indicators(Function Group LED)

The P63x has 17 LED indicators for the indication of binary signals. Five of the LEDindicators are permanently assigned to functions. The other LED indicators are freelyconfigurable.

Configuration of the LEDindicators

To each of the freely configurable LED indicators, a binary signal can be assigned. Thesame binary signal can be assigned to several LED indicators by configuration.

Operating mode of the LEDindicators

The user can set an operating mode for each LED indicator with the exception of thefirst one - that determines whether the LED indicator operates in an energize-on-signalarrangement (open-circuit principle) or normally-energized arrangement (closed-circuitprinciple) and whether it operates in latching mode. Latching is disabled either manuallyfrom the local control panel or by an appropriately configured binary signal input (seeMain Functions of the P63x), at the onset of a new fault or of a new system disturbance,depending on the operating mode selected.


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3-28 Configuration and operating mode of the LED indicators


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3.11 Main Functions of the P63x (Function Group MAIN)

3.11.1 Conditioning of the Measured Variables

The secondary phase currents of the system transformers are fed to the P63x.Furthermore, there is the option of connecting a measuring voltage. The measuredvariables are electrically isolated converted to normalized electronics levels. Theanalog quantities are digitized and are thus available for further processing. Dependingon the design version, the P63x has the following measuring inputs:

P631:

Current inputs (three phases) for the processing of measured variables for two endsof the transformer

P632:

Current inputs (three phases) for the processing of measured variables for two endsof the transformer

Two current inputs for the measurement of the residual currents (see Figure 3-30)

One voltage input

P633 and P634:

Current inputs (three phases) for the processing of measured variables for three

(P633) or four (P634) ends of the transformer Current inputs for up to three neutral-point-to-ground connections (see Figure 3-29)

or, alternatively, for looping into the ground connections of the phase currenttransformers or for connection to a Holmgreen group

One voltage input


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3-29 Connection of the measured variables to the P63x, connection of the fourth current transformer set to the transformers of theneutral-point-to-ground connections


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3-30 a Connection of the measured variables to the P63x, looping of the fourth current transformer set into the ground connections of the phase

current transformers, Part 1 of 2


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3-30 b Connection of the measured variables to the P63x, looping of the fourth current transformer set into the ground connections of the phasecurrent transformers, Part 2 of 2


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3.11.2 Selection of the Residual Current to be Monitored

For protection functions of the P632, P633 and P634 monitoring the residual current, theuser can select whether the device is to use the current calculated from the three phasecurrents or the current measured at the fourth current transformer.

Moreover, the P633 and P634 offer the option of forming the sum of the phase currentsor of the residual currents for two ends of the transformer.


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3-31 Evaluation of residual current


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3-32 Summation of the phase currents or of the residual currents


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3.11.3 Operating Data Measurement

The P63x has an operating data measurement function for the display of currents andvoltages measured by the P63x during normal power system operation; quantitiesderived from these measured values are also displayed. For the display of measuredvalues, set lower thresholds need to be exceeded. If these lower thresholds are notexceeded, the value not measured is displayed. The following measured variables aredisplayed:

Phase currents of all three phases of all four ends of the transformer

Maximum phase current of each end of the transformer

Minimum phase current of each end of the transformer

Delayed and stored maximum phase current of each end of the transformer

Current I N calculated by the P63x from the sum of the phase currents for each end of the transformer

Current I Y measured by the P63x at transformer -Tx4 (x: 1, 2 or 3)

Phase currents of all three phases of the virtual end of the transformer.The virtual end is formed by adding the corresponding currents of two transformer ends selected by the user at MAIN : Cu rr en t su mm at io n.

Maximum phase current of the virtual end of the transformer

Minimum phase current of the virtual end of the transformer

Current I N of the virtual end of the transformer Voltage

Frequency

Angle between the phase currents for a given end of the transformer

Angle between the currents of the same phase between two ends of the transformer

Angle between calculated I N and the current measured at transformer -Tx4(x: 1, 2 or 3)

The measured data are updated at 1 s intervals. Updating is interrupted if a generalstarting state occurs or if the self-monitoring function detects a hardware fault.


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Measured current valuesThe measured values for the current are displayed both as quantities referred to thenominal current of the P63x and as primary quantities. To allow a display in primaryvalues, the primary nominal current of the transformers connected to the P63x needs tobe set.


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3-33 Measured operating data for the phase currents, ends a to d


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Delayed maximum phasecurrent display

The P63x offers the option of delayed display of the maximum value of the three phasecurrents. The delayed maximum phase current display is an exponential function of themaximum phase current I P,max (see upper curve in Figure 3-34). At M A I N : S e t t l . t .I P , m a x , d e l the user can set the time after which the delayed maximum phase currentdisplay will have reached 95 % of maximum phase current I P,max .

Stored maximum phasecurrent display

The stored maximum phase current follows the delayed maximum phase current. If thevalue of the delayed maximum phase current is declining, then the highest value of thedelayed maximum phase current remains stored. The display remains constant until theactual delayed maximum phase current exceeds the value of the stored maximum phase

current (see middle curve in Figure 3-34). At M A I N : R e s e t I P , m a x , s t o r e d theuser can set the stored maximum phase current to the actual value of the delayedmaximum phase current (see lower curve in Figure 3-34).


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3-34 Measured operating data for the residual currents, end d (P634 only)


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3-35 Measured operating data for the residual currents, ends a to c


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3-36 Measured operating data for the residual currents, end d (P634 only)


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3-37 Measured operating data for the phase currents and the residual current for the virtual end (formed by current summation,

P633 and P634 only, see Figure 3-32)


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Measured voltage valueThe measured voltage value is displayed both as quantity referred to the nominal voltageof the P63x and as primary quantity. To allow a display in primary values, the primarynominal voltage of the transformer connected to the P63x needs to be set.

3-38 Measured voltage value

Frequency The P63x determines the frequency from the voltage. The voltage needs to exceed aminimum threshold of 0.65 V nom in order for the frequency to be determined.

3-39 Frequency measurement


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Angle determinationThe P63x determines the angle between the following currents if the associated currentsexceed the lower threshold of 0.033 I nom :

Angle between the phase currents for each end of the transformer

Angle between the currents of the same phase between two ends of the transformer

Angle between the calculated residual current and the current measured at thetransformer -Tx4 (x: 1, 2 or 3) for each end of the transformer

3-40 Determination of the angle between the phase currents


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3-41 Determination of the angle between the phase currents of the transformer ends


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3-42 Determination of the angle between the calculated residual current and the current measured at transformer -Tx4


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3.11.4 Configuring and Enabling the Protection Functions

By means of a straight-forward configuration procedure, the user can adapt the unitflexibly to the range of functions required in each particular high voltage substation. Byincluding the relevant protection functions in the device configuration and canceling allothers, the user creates an individual device appropriate to the application. Parameters,signals and measured values of canceled protection functions are not displayed on thelocal control panel. Functions of general applicability such as operating data recording(OP_RC) or main functions (MAIN) cannot be canceled.

Canceling a protectionfunction

The following conditions have to be met before a protection function can be canceled:

The protection function must be disabled.

None of the functions of the protection function to be canceled may be assigned to abinary input.

None of the signals of the protection function may be assigned to a binary output or toan LED indicator.

If the above conditions are met, proceed through the Configuration Parameters branch of the menu tree to access the setting parameter relevant for the device function to becanceled. If you wish to cancel the LIMIT function group, for example, access the settingparameter LI MI T : Fu nc t i on gr ou p L I MI T and set its value to Without . Shouldyou wish to re-include the function group in the device configuration, set the value toWith .

The assignment of a parameter, a signal or a measured value to a protection function isdefined by a function group descriptor such as LIMIT. In the description of theprotection functions later in this manual, the protection function being described ispresumed to be included in the configuration.

Disabling and enabling the protection function

Protection functions that are included in the configuration may still be disabled via afunction parameter or via binary signal inputs. Protection can only be disabled or enabledthrough binary signal inputs if the M A I N : D i s a b l e p r o t e c t . E X T andM A I N : E n a b l e p r o t e c t . E X T functions are both configured. When only one or neither of the two functions is configured, this is interpreted as Protection externallyenabled. If the triggering signals of the binary signal inputs are implausible, as for example when they both have a logic value of 1, then the last plausible state remainsstored in memory.


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3-43 Enabling or disabling protection


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3.11.5 Activation of Dynamic Parameters

For several of the protection functions, it is possible to switch the duration of the set holdtime to other settings - the "dynamic parameters" through an appropriately configuredbinary signal input. If the hold time is set to 0 s, the switching is effective while the binarysignal input is being triggered.

3-44 Activation of dynamic parameters

3.11.6 Multiple Blocking

Four multiple blockings may be defined via 'm out of n' parameters. The items availablefor selection are found in the Address List. Thereby the functions defined by the selectionmay be blocked via an appropriately configured binary signal input.


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3.11.7 Blocked / Faulty

If the protective functions are blocked, this condition is signaled by a steady light fromyellow LED indicator H 2 on the local control panel and also by a signal through theoutput relay configured for MA IN : Bl oc ked /f aul ty. In addition, the user can select thefunctions that will produce the MA IN : Bl oc ked / fau lt y signal by setting an m out of nparameter.

3-46 Blocked/faulty signal


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3.11.8 Starting Signals and Starting Logic

Starting signalsThe trip signals of differential protection and ground differential protection (Br: Restrictedearth fault protection) plus the general startings of the definite-time and inverse-timeovercurrent protection are combined into one common general starting.

3-47 General starting of the P63x


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Counter of starting signalsThe starting signals are counted. The counter can be reset individually.

3-48 Counter of general starting signals

Trip command The P63x has four trip commands. The functions to effect a trip can be selected bysetting an 'm out of n' parameter independently for each of the four trip commands. Theminimum trip command time may be set. The trip signals are present only as long as theconditions for the signal are satisfied.

Manual trip command A manual trip command may be issued via the local control panel or a signal inputconfigured accordingly. It is not executed, however, unless the manual trip is included inthe selection of possible functions to effect a trip.

Latching of the tripcommands

For each of the four trip commands, the user can specify by way of the appropriatesetting whether it will operate in latching mode. If the latching mode is selected, the tripcommand persists until it is reset from the local control panel or via an appropriatelyconfigured binary signal.

Blocking of the tripcommands

The trip commands may be blocked via the integrated local control panel or via anappropriately configured binary signal input. The blocking is effective for all four tripcommands. The trip signals are not affected by the blocking. If the trip commands areblocked this is indicated by a steady light at yellow LED indicator H 2 on the local controlpanel and by an output relay configured to Blocked/faulty. (To identify H2, see thedimensional drawings in the Chapter entitled Design.)


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3-49 Format ion of the trip commands


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Counter of trip commandsThe trip commands are counted. The counters can be reset either individually or as agroup.

3-50 Counter of trip commands

p63x technical manual

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