p2.3. fighting against desertification in africa. tripartite call for proposals africa-brazil-france
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FIGHTING AGAINST DESERTICATION IN AFRICATripartite call for proposals Africa-Brazil-France
[email protected]@ird.fr
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Desertification : degradation of land in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas.
Caused primarily by human activities and climatic variations.
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A global challenge
•Desertification affects 40% of the earth's land.
• If no action is undertaken, 10 million hectares of arable land will be lost annually.
• 1/3 of worldpopulation could be affected.
• All continents are concerned,especially Africa where 37% of lands are threatened.
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Example of the Iullemeden basinNiger
•rural area
•poor and fragile soils
•surface runoff ending in temporary ponds
•rapid increase in population
•rapid increase in cultivated areas
Complex dynamics
Leduc 2012
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The Iullemeden basin: long-term groundwater dynamics
• decrease in rainfall in the 70s and 80s
• long-term rise in groundwater
Leduc 2012
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The Iullemeden basin: long-term groundwater dynamics
Explained by the change in vegetation:
• expansion of cultivated fields (increase in population, lower productivity)
• higher surface runoff(greater water transfer to temporary pools, greater erosion)
Leduc 2012
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Bezancon et al. 2008, Vigouroux et al. 2011
1976 2003
Selection for earlier flowering crop associated with climatic variations in the Sahel
1976
2003
50-55 days55-60 days60-65 days65-70 days
70-75 days
75-80 days
80+ days
1976
2003
Flowering date
50-55 days
..
…
80+ days
1976-2003 : The same pearl millet landraces are cultivated in Niger
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Through the tripartite call for proposals Africa/Brazil/France,IRD / AIRD (France), APGMV (Africa), CGEE and CNPq (Brazil)have joined forces to support the fight against desertification.
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1- Structure aresearchcommunitybringing togetherAfrican, Brazilianand Frenchresearchers
2- Build scientific capacities and developknowledge on arid and semi-arid regions in Africa
3- Strengthen links betweenscience & society
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Agriculture and Food,Management of natural resources (water, soil, biodiversity, ...),Adaptation to climate change,Human and sustainable development Governance,Technology and innovation
• Agriculture and Food• Management of natural resources (water, soil, biodiversity, ...)• Adaptation to climate change• Human and sustainable development • Governance• Technology and innovation
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to be supported1. Multidisciplinary research projects (3 years) bringing
together researchers from three continents.
2. Geographical priorities: arid and semi-arid African regions.
3. Dimensions to be promoted: capacity building, scientific exchanges and the promotion of science among local communities.
4. Projects with two objectives: generate new knowledge and promote its socio-economic exploitation.
Projects
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to be supported1. Multidisciplinary research projects (3 years) bringing
together researchers from three continents.
2. Geographical priorities: arid and semi-arid African regions.
3. Dimensions to be promoted: capacity building, scientific exchanges and the promotion of science among local communities.
4. Projects with two objectives: generate new knowledge and promote its socio-economic exploitation.
Projects
Call open until 12 November 2012www.aird.fr
Thank you