p2 mid year 2011

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SPM Chemistry Set 5 paper 2 Section A [60 marks] Answer all questions in this section. The time suggested to answer this section is 90 minutes. 1 Diagram 1 shows the position of element of P,Q and R in the Periodic Table with their proton number respectively. Rajah 1 di bawah menunjukkan kedudukan Unsur P, Q dan R dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur dengan nombor proton masing-masing. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Transi tion elemen t Unsur peraliha n DIAGRAM / RAJAH 1 (a) Write the electron arrangement for atom P. Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom P ………………………………………………………………………………....................... [ 1 mark] (b) Arrange P, Q and R according to increasing of atomic size. Susun P, Q dan R mengikut pertambahan saiz atom. ………………………………………………………………………………....................... [ 1 mark] (c) P and R react to form a compound. P dan R bertindak balas membentuk suatu sebatian. P R Q

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Page 1: p2 mid year 2011

SPM Chemistry Set 5 paper 2

Section A[60 marks]

Answer all questions in this section.The time suggested to answer this section is 90 minutes.

1 Diagram 1 shows the position of element of P,Q and R in the Periodic Table with their proton number respectively.Rajah 1 di bawah menunjukkan kedudukan Unsur P, Q dan R dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur dengan nombor proton masing-masing.

1 2

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Transition elementUnsur

peralihan

DIAGRAM / RAJAH 1

(a) Write the electron arrangement for atom P. Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom P

………………………………………………………………………………....................... [ 1 mark]

(b) Arrange P, Q and R according to increasing of atomic size. Susun P, Q dan R mengikut pertambahan saiz atom.

………………………………………………………………………………....................... [ 1 mark]

(c) P and R react to form a compound. P dan R bertindak balas membentuk suatu sebatian.

(i) State the type of compound formed.Nyatakan jenis sebatian yang terbentuk.

………………………………………………………………………………............. [ 1 mark]

P R

Q

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(ii) Draw the electron arrangement for the compound formed in (c) (i).Lukiskan gambar rajah susunan elektron bagi sebatian yang terbentuk di (c) (i)

[ 2 marks]

(iii) Write the chemical equation for the formation of the compound.Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi mewakili tindak balas pembentukan sebatian itu.

………………………………………………………………………………………. [ 2 marks]

(d) Q and R also can react to form a compound. Q dan R juga boleh bertindak balas membentuk satu sebatian.

(i) State the formula of the compound.Nyatakan formula bagi sebatian itu.

………………………………………………………………………………………… [ 1 mark]

(ii) State two physical properties for the compound formed.Nyatakan dua sifat fizik sebatian yang terbentuk.

………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………. [ 2 marks]

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2 Diagram 2 shows the apparatus set-up to study the neutralisation between a strong acid and a strong alkali. Rajah 2 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji peneutralan antara satu asid kuat dan satu alkali kuat.

DI AGRAM 1

25.0 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution is poured into a conical flask. A few drops of phenolphthalein are added into the solution. The solution in the conical flask is titrated with 0.1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid . 25.0 cm3 larutan natrium hidroksida dimasukkan ke dalam sebuah kelalang kon. Beberapa titik fenolftalein ditambah ke dalam larutan itu. Larutan dalam kelalang kon dititratkan dengan 0.1 mol dm-3 asid hidroklorik.

(a) Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid. What is meant by a strong acid? Asid hidroklorik adalah asid kuat. Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan asid kuat?

……………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………… [2 marks]

(b) Suggest an apparatus that can be used to measure 25.0 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution accurately. Cadangkan satu radas yang dapat digunakan untuk menyukat 25.0 cm3 larutan natrium hidroksida dengan tepat.

……………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(c) State the colour change of the solution in the conical flask at the end point. Nyatakan perubahan warna larutan dalam kelalang kon pada takat akhir.

…………………………………………………………………………………………..…[1 mark]

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Hydrochloric acid, 0.1 mol dm-3

Asid hidroklorik, 0.1 mol dm-3

25 cm3 sodium hydroxidesolution + phenolphthalein25 cm3 larutan natrium hidroksida + fenolftalein

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(d) (i) Write a chemical equation for the above reaction. Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas di atas.

…………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(ii) In this experiment, 20.0 cm3 hydrochloric acid is needed to neutralise 25.0 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution. Calculate the molarity of the sodium hydroxide solution. Dalam eksperimen ini, 20.0 cm3 asid hidroklorik diperlukan untuk meneutralkan 25.0 cm3 larutan natrium hidroksida. Hitungkan kemolaran larutan natrium hidroksida itu.

[2 marks]

(e)(i) The experiment is repeated with 0.1 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid to replace hydrochloric acid. Predict the volume of sulphuric acid needed to neutralise 25.0 cm3 sodium hydroxide solution. Eksperimen itu diulang dengan menggunakan 0.1 mol dm-3 asid sulfurik bagi menggantikan asid hidroklorik. Ramalkan isipadu asid sulfurik yang diperlukan untuk meneutralkan 25.0 cm3 larutan natrium hidroksida.

.......................…………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(ii) Explain your answer in (e) (i). Terangkan jawapan anda dalam (e)(i).

......................……………………………………………………………………………

......................……………………………………………………………………………

......................…………………………………………………………………………… [2 marks]

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SPM Chemistry Skema Set 3 paper 24541/2

3 Diagram 3 shows the set up apparatus of a chemical cell using pair of metal copper –X. Copper is more electropositive than metal X..Rajah 3 menunjukkan susunan radas suatu sel kimia yang menggunakan pasangan logam kuprum-X. Logam kuprum adalah lebih elektropositif daripada logam X.

DIAGRAM / RAJAH 3

(a) State the function of porous pot.Nyatakan fungsi pasu berliang.

…………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(b) (i) Suggest one suitable solution for Y.Cadangkan satu larutan yang sesuai bagi Y.

…………………………………………………………………………………….[1 mark]

(ii) Name the ions exist in the solution you have stated.Namakan ion-ion yang terdapat dalam larutan yang anda nyatakan.

……………………………………………………………………………………..

[1 mark]

(c) State which are positive terminal and negative terminal.Nyatakan yang manakah terminal positif dan yang mana terminal negatif

Positive terminalTerminal positif : ……………………………………………………………

Negative terminal

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Copper kuprum

Solution YLarutan Y

X

X nitrate solutionLarutan X nitrat Porous pot

Pasu berliang

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Terminal negatif : ……………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(d) What will be observed at electrode X?Apa yang diperhatikan pada elektrod X?

…………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(e) If electrode X is replaced by zinc metal and X nitrate solution is replaced by zinc nitrate solution,Jika elektrod X diganti dengan logam zink dan larutan X nitrat diganti dengan larutan zink nitrat,

Complete Table 3 below to show the differences that happen in chemical cell before and after electrode X and X nitrate solution are replaced by zinc electrode and zinc nitrate solution.Lengkapkan Jadual 3 di bawah untuk menunjukkan perbezaan yang berlaku pada sel kimia tersebut sebelum dan selepas elektrod X dan larutan X nitrat diganti dengan elektrod zink dan larutan zink nitrat

Electrode X and X nitrate solution.Elektrod X dan larutan X nitrat digunakan

Zinc electrode and zinc nitrate solution Elektrod zink dan larutan zink nitrat digunakan

Observation at solution Y you have suggested in (b) (i)Pemerhatian pada larutan Y yang anda cadangkan di (b) (i)Half equation for the reaction occur at copper electrode. Setengah persamaan bagi tindak balas yang berlaku pada elektrod kuprum

TABLE / JADUAL 3

[4 marks]

(f) Explain why there are differences in observation you have stated in (e) based on the number of Cu2+ in the solution.Terang mengapa terdapat perbezaan pemerhatian yang anda nyatakan di (e) berdasarkan bilangan ion Cu2+ dalam larutan.

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………

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4

DIAGRAM / RAJAH 4

(a) What is meant by soluble salt?Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan garam terlarutkan ?

………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………[ 1 mark]

(b) What is the colour of copper (II) sulphate solution?Apakah warna larutan kuprum(II) sulfat?

………………………………………………………………………………………………….[ 1 mark]

(c) Explain why copper (II) sulphate can conduct electricity in molten state and aqueous solution?Terangkan mengapa kuprum (II) sulfat boleh mengalirkan elektrik dalam keadaan lebur dan larutan akues?

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………..[ 1 mark]

(d) (i) Write the formula of cations exist in the copper (II) sulphate solution.Tuliskan formula kation yang hadir dalam larutan kuprum(II) sulfat.

……………………………………………………………………………………………..[ 1 mark]

(ii) Describe a test to confirm the presence of copper (II) ion.Huraikan satu ujian untuk mengesahkan kehadiran ion kuprum(II).

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

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Substance : copper (II) sulphateBahan : kuprum (II) sulfatState : SolidKeadaan : PepejalFormula : CuSO4

Type of salt : Soluble saltJenis garam : Garam terlarutkanElectrical conductivity : Conduct electricity in molten state and

aqueous solution Kekonduksian elektrik : Mengalirkan elektrik dalam keadaan

lebur dan larutan berair

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……………………………………………………………………………………………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………….. [ 3 marks]

(e) Lead(II) nitrate solution is added to copper(II) sulphate solution above. A white precipitate is formed.Larutan plumbum(II) nitrat di tambah ke dalam larutan kuprum(II) sulfat di atas. Mendakan putih terhasil.

(i) Name the white precipitate.Namakan mendakan putih tersebut.

………………………………………………………………………………………………[ 1 mark ]

(ii) Write the ionic equation for the reaction.Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas yang berlaku.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………[ 1 mark ]

(f) Predict what will be observed if zinc plate is placed in copper(II) sulphate solution and let it for 3 hours.Ramalkan apa yang diperhatikan jika kepingan zink dimasukkan ke dalam larutan kuprum(II) sulfat dan dibiarkan selama 3 jam.

………………………………………………………………………………………………...[ 1 mark]

5 The information below is about alloy.Maklumat berikut adalah tentang aloi.

(a) Name the element added to copper to form brass.Namakan unsur yang dicampur dengan kuprum untuk membentuk loyang.

............................................................................................................................................................[ 1 mark ]

(b) What is the type of particles in pure copper? Apakah jenis zarah yang terdapat dalam kuprum tulen ?

............................................................................................................................................................[ 1 mark ]

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Brass and pewter are example of alloy.Loyang dan piuter ialah dua contoh aloi.Brass consists of mixture of copper and other element.Loyang terdiri daripada campuran kuprum dan unsur lain.Brass is harder than pure copper.Loyang lebih keras dari kuprum tulen.

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SPM Chemistry Skema Set 3 paper 24541/2

. (c) Draw the arrangement of particles in pure copper and brass. Lukiskan gambar rajah susunan zarah-zarah yang terdapat dalam kuprum tulen dan dalam loyang.

(i) Pure copperKuprum tulen

[ 1 mark ](ii) Brass

Loyang

[ 2 mark ](d) Brass is harder than pure copper. Explain.

Loyang lebih keras daripada kuprum tulen. Terangkan.

........................................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................[ 3 marks ]

(e) (i) Name the major element in pewter.Namakan unsur yang menjadi juzuk utama piuter.

….................................................................................................................................................[ 1 mark ]

(ii) Give one reason, other than hardness, why element in (d) (i) is made of alloy?Berikan satu sebab, selain kekerasan, mengapa unsur di (e) (i) dijadikan aloi ?

…...............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................[ 1 mark ]

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6 Diagram 6 shows the structural formula for two types of hydrocarbon compound.Rajah 6 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi dua jenis sebatian hidrokarbon.

H H H H | | | | H— C— C— C — C— H | | | | H H H H

Compound ASebatian A

H H H H | | | | C C — C — C— H | | | H H H

Compound BSebatian B

DIAGRAM / RAJAH 6

(a) What is meant by “ hydrocarbon”?Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan “hidrokarbon”?

…………………………………………………………………………………….................. [ 1 mark]

(b) Namakan Siri Homolog bagiName the Homologous Series for

(i) Compound ASebatian A : ....................................................................................................................

(ii) Compound B Sebatian B : ...................................................................................................................

[ 2 marks]

(c) Compound B has isomers. Draw one structural formula for the compound rather than Diagram 6 and name it according to IUPAC nomenclature. Sebatian B mempunyai beberapa isomer. Lukiskan satu formula struktur bagi isomer sebatian tersebut selain daripada Rajah 6 dan namakannya mengikut sistem penamaan IUPAC.

Structural formulaFormula struktur :

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NameNama : ………………………………………………………………………………………

[ 2 marks]

(c) Compound A burnt completely produces carbon dioxide and water.Write the chemical equation for the reaction.Sebatian A terbakar dengan lengkap menghasilkan gas karbon dioksida dan air.Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas tindak balas yang berlaku.

……………………………………………………………………………………….............. [ 2 marks]

(e) When compound A and compound B burnt in air, soot is produced.Apabila sebatian A dan sebatian B dibakar dalam udara, jelaga terhasil.

(i) Which compound produces more soot? Sebatian manakah menghasilkan jelaga yang lebih banyak?

……………………………………………………………………………………….............. [ 1 mark]

(ii) State the reason for your choice in (e) (i). Nyatakan sebab bagi pilihan anda di (e) (i).

……………………………………………………………………………………….............. [ 1 mark]

(d) Compound B can be converted to compound A through a reaction.Name the type of reaction.Sebatian B boleh ditukarkan kepada sebatian A melalui suatu tindak balas.Namakan jenis tindak balas penukaran tersebut.

……………………………………………………………………………………….............. [ 1 mark]

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SPM Chemistry Skema Set 3 paper 24541/2

Section B

[20 marks]

Answer any one question.The time suggested to answer this section is 30 minutes

7 (a)You found a piece of impure copper nail. State how you could change the nail to pure copper through electrolysis process.Anda menjumpai sebatang paku kuprum yang tidak tulen. Nyatakan bagaimana anda boleh mengubah paku tersebut menjadi kuprum tulen menggunakan proses elektrolisis.

[3 marks]

(b) Diagram 7 shows the set-up of apparatus to carry out electrolysis experiment. Three experiments were carried out using different substances. Observation obtained as shown in Table 7.1. Explain the observation for each experiment.Rajah 7 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi menjalankan eksperimen elektrolisis.Tiga eksperimen dijalankan menggunakan bahan yang berlainan. Pemerhatian yang diperolehi adalah seperti dalam Jadual 7.1.Terangkan pemerhatian bagi setiap eksperimen.

DIAGRAM / RAJAH 7

Experiment Eksperimen

Substance XBahan X

Observation Pemerhatian

I Solid sodium chloride Pepejal natrium klorida

Bulb not light upMentol tidak menyala

II Sodium chloride aqueous solution Larutan akueus natrium klorida

Bulb light upMentol menyala

III Solid naphthalene Pepejal naftalena

Bulb not light upMentol tidak menyala

TABLE / JADUAL 7.1[7 marks]

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X

Bulb mentol

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(c) Concentration of electrolyte affects the product of electrolysis at electrode.By using sodium chloride solution, explain briefly how to prove that statement. In your explanation, write the half equation involved at both electrodes. Kepekatan elektrolit mempengaruhi hasil elektrolisis di elektrod. Dengan menggunakan larutan natrium klorida, terangkan dengan ringkas bagaimana untuk membuktikan penyataan ini. Dalam penerangan anda tuliskan setengah persamaan yang terlibat pada kedua-dua elektrod.

[ 6 marks]

(d) Table 7.2 shows the result of experiment for displacement reaction between substance P, Q and R with salt solution of P, salt solution of Q and salt solution of R.Jadual 7.2 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen bagi tindak balas penyesaran antara bahan P, Q dan R dengan larutan garam P, larutan garam Q dan larutan garam R.

Salt solution of PLarutan garam P

Salt solution of QLarutan garam Q

Salt solution of RLarutan garam R

P - Q X - R X X -

: reaction occur tindak balas berlaku

X : No change tiada perubahan

TABLE / JADUAL 7.2

Arrange metal P, Q and R in ascending order of electropositivity. Explain your answer. Susun logam P, Q dan R mengikut tertib keelektropositifan menaik. Terangkan jawapan anda.

[4 marks]

8 (a) Define the oxidation and reduction processes in terms of the change in the oxidation 4541/2 [Lihat sebelah

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number.Takrifkan proses pengoksidaan dan penurunan dari segi perubahan nombor pengoksidaan.

[2 marks]

(b) By using a suitable example, explain why each of the following reactions is not a redox reaction. Dengan menggunakan contoh yang sesuai, terangkan mengapa tindak balas- tindakbalas berikut adalah bukan tindak balas redoks.

(i) Neutralisation reactionTindak balas peneutralan

(ii) Precipitation reactionTindak balas pemendakan

[6 marks]

(c) Diagram 8 shows the changes involving iron(III) chloride solution.Rajah 8 menunjukkan perubahan-perubahan yang berlaku ke atas larutan ferum(III) klorida.

Explain the process I, II and III.Your answer should consist of the followings :

Terangkan proses I, II dan III.Jawapan anda haruslah mengandungi perkara-perkara berikut :

ionic equationpersamaan ion

the substances that are oxidised and reducedbahan yang dioksidakan dan diturunkan

the substances act as oxidizing agent and reducing agentbahan yang bertindak sebagai agen pengoksidaan dan agen penurunan

[12 marks]

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Iron(III) chloride solution

Larutan ferum(III) klorida

Green solution

Larutan hijau

Brown solutionLarutan perang

Colourless solutionLarutan tanpa warna

I II

III

+ Zinc+ Zink

+ Bromine water+ Air bromin

+ Magnesium+ Magnesium

Diagram / Rajah 8

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Section C[20 marks]

Answer any one question.The time suggested to answer this section is 30 minutes

9 Table 9 shows the electron arrangement of atom of element R, Q and Z.Jadual 9 menunjukkan susunan elektron bagi atom unsur R, Q dan Z.

ElementUnsur

Electron arrangementSusunan electron

RQXZ

2.8.22.8.42.8.12.8.7

TABLE / JADUAL 9

(a) State the position of the elements R or Q in the Periodic Table?Explain your answer.Nyatakan kedudukan bagi unsur R atau Q dalam Jadual Berkala.Terangkan jawapan anda.

[2 marks]

(b) The R atom is represented as .

Draw the electron arrangement of the atom of element R. In your drawing, show the number of proton and neutron.

Atom R diwakili sebagai .

Lukiskan susunan elektron bagi atom unsur R. Dalam lukisan anda, tunjukkan bilangan proton dan neutron.

[2 marks]

(c ) Based on Table 9, explain in terms of electron arrangementBerdasarkan Jadual 9, terangkan dari segi susunan elektron

(i) how an ionic compound formed .bagaimana ikatan ionic terbentuk.

(ii) how covalent compound formed.bagaimana sebatian kovalen terbentuk.

[8 marks]

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R24

12

R24

12

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(d) Lead(II) bromide, PbBr2 is an ionic compound. Describe an experiment how you would extract lead metal from its compound, PbBr2.In your description , include a labelled diagram and write the half equations of the reaction occurs at both electrodes.Plumbum(II) bromida, PbBr2 ialah sebatian ion. Huraikan satu eksperimenbagaimana anda mengekstrak logam plumbum daripada sebatiannya, PbBr2.Dalam huraian anda, sertakan :-gambar rajah berlabel dan -tuliskan setengah persamaan bagi tindak balas yang berlaku pada kedua-dua elektrod.-ion-ion yang hadir-ion tertarik kedua-dua elektrod-pemerhatian di kedua-dua elektrod

[8 marks]

10(a) The thermochemical equation between hydrogen and chlorine is shown below:

Persamaan termokimia antara hidrogen dan klorin adalah seperti di bawah:

H2 + Cl2 à 2HCl H = 184kJmol-1

Explain, in terms of the bonds broken and bonds formed, why the reaction is exothermic?

Terangkan berdasarkan pemecahan ikatan dan pembentukan ikatan, mengapakah tindak balas ini adalah eksotermik?

[4 marks](b) The following equation represents a neutralisation reaction.

Persamaan berikut mewakili satu persamaan tindakalas peneutralan.

HCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O H= -57 kJmol-1

Draw the energy profile diagram for the neutralisation reaction. Label on the diagram the activation energy, Ea, and the heat of neutralisation, H.

Lukiskan gambarajah profil tenaga bagi tindakbalas peneutralan. Labelkan pada rajah, tenaga pengaktifan, Ea, dan haba peneutralan, H.

[5 marks]

(c) By using an example of reaction, describe an experiment to determine the heat of neutralisation between a weak acid and a strong alkali. Your description should include the following:

Dengan menggunakan satu contoh tindak balas, huraikan satu eksperimen untuk menentukan haba peneutralan antara acd lemah dan alkali kuat. Huraian anda perlu mengandungi perkara berikut:

procedure of experiment prosedur eksperimen

* result and calculations keputusan dan pengiraan

[11 marks]

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END OF QUESTION PAPER

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