p-r interval 0.16 sec
DESCRIPTION
R. P. T. Q. S. Normal EKG. Q-T interval 0.35 sec. P-R interval 0.16 sec. R. P. T. Q. Ventricular repolarization. Atrial depolarization. S. Ventricular depolarization. Standardized EKGs. Time and voltage calibrations are standardized as shown on figure 11-1. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: P-R interval 0.16 sec](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815c5a550346895dca5e89/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Copyright © 2006 by Elsevier, Inc.
P-R
interval
0.16 sec
P T
R
QS
Q-T interval0.35 sec
Atrial depolarizatio
n
Ventricular depolarizatio
n
Ventricular repolarization
P
R
QS
T
Normal EKG
![Page 2: P-R interval 0.16 sec](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815c5a550346895dca5e89/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Copyright © 2006 by Elsevier, Inc.
Standardized EKGs
• Time and voltage calibrations are standardized as shown on figure 11-1.
Figure 11-1; Guyton & Hall
![Page 3: P-R interval 0.16 sec](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815c5a550346895dca5e89/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Copyright © 2006 by Elsevier, Inc.
Heart Rate Calculation
• R-R interval = 0.83 sec• Heart rate = (60 sec)/(0.83 sec) = 72 beats/min
min beat
![Page 4: P-R interval 0.16 sec](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815c5a550346895dca5e89/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Copyright © 2006 by Elsevier, Inc.
Bipolar Limb Leads
• Bipolar means that the EKG is recorded from two electrodes on the body.
Figure 11-6; Guyton & Hall
![Page 5: P-R interval 0.16 sec](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815c5a550346895dca5e89/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Copyright © 2006 by Elsevier, Inc.
Bipolar Limb Leads (cont’d)
Figure 11-7; Guyton & Hall
0.5 mV
1.2 mV
0.7 mV
![Page 6: P-R interval 0.16 sec](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815c5a550346895dca5e89/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Copyright © 2006 by Elsevier, Inc.
Other EKG Leads
• Chest Leads (Precordial Leads) known as V1-V6 are very sensitive to electrical potential
changes underneath the electrode.
Figure 11-9; Guyton & Hall
![Page 7: P-R interval 0.16 sec](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815c5a550346895dca5e89/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Copyright © 2006 by Elsevier, Inc.
Cardiac Cycle
Figure 9-5; Guyton & Hall
![Page 8: P-R interval 0.16 sec](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815c5a550346895dca5e89/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Copyright © 2006 by Elsevier, Inc.
Phases of the Cardiac Cycle
![Page 9: P-R interval 0.16 sec](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815c5a550346895dca5e89/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Copyright © 2006 by Elsevier, Inc.
Pressure and Volume Relationships in the Cardiac Cycle
![Page 10: P-R interval 0.16 sec](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815c5a550346895dca5e89/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Copyright © 2006 by Elsevier, Inc.
A Simple Model of Stroke Volume
![Page 11: P-R interval 0.16 sec](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062310/56815c5a550346895dca5e89/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Copyright © 2006 by Elsevier, Inc.
Factors Affecting Cardiac Output
Figure 20.20