Ozonoff Lab

Infant Sibling study1) Recurrence risk of autism2) Other developmental problems in high risk

families3) Earliest signs of autism – what, when

Decrease age of identification and referral to intervention

MRI study of high risk infants

UC Davis – UCLA Infant Sibling Study

Phase I, 2003 – 2008 223 siblings of children with autism 124 siblings of children with typical development

Phase II, 2008 – 2013 225 siblings of children with autism 75 siblings of children with typical development

6 mo 12 mo 18 mo 24 mo 36 mo 7 yrs

Developmental Outcomes at 36 Months (UCD and UCLA)

150 At-Risk Sibs 87 Control Sibs

Autism/ASD 2517%

33%

Other delays 3825%

1012%

Typical development

8758%

74 85%

Recurrence Rates(Baby Siblings Research Consortium)

BSRC sample 12 sites 664 high risk siblings, 338 low risk siblings

Prevalence of ASD significantly elevated in high risk families 18.7% of high-risk siblings developed ASD Even higher recurrence rates in

Male infants (26%) Multiplex families (32%)

Sex of proband not predictive

Ozonoff et al. (2011). Recurrence risk for ASD: A Baby Siblings Research Consortium study. Pediatrics, 128(3), e1-e8.

ASD Outcomes by Risk Group and Infant Gender

Ozonoff et al. (2011). Recurrence risk for ASD: A Baby Siblings Research Consortium study. Pediatrics, 128(3), e1-e8.

ASD Outcomes by Multiplex Status and Infant Gender

Ozonoff et al. (2011). Recurrence risk for ASD: A Baby Siblings Research Consortium study. Pediatrics, 128(3), e1-e8.

Other Major Findings

Signs evident by 12 months in about half of affected childrenMost infants have a period of typical development, followed by a loss of social engagement

6 12 18 24 30 36

01

23

4

Age (months)

Gaz

es to

Fac

e pe

r Min

ute ASD

TD

6 12 18 24 30 36

01

Age (months)

Soc

ial S

mile

s pe

r Min

ute ASD

TD

6 12 18 24 30 36

01

2

Age (months)

Dire

cted

Voc

aliz

atio

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er M

inut

e

ASDTD

ASDTD

6 12 18 24 30 36

34

56

78

9

Age (months)

Soc

ial E

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ing

Clinical Implications,Future Directions

Development of treatments for infants

Biological and behavioral markers that identify risk BEFORE symptom onset

Stability of early diagnosis

Population screening for autism before age 3