OXYGEN THERAPYThe Facts We Need To Know

Midzraina Lyne A. MohamadADZU-SOM II

a treatment that provides you with extra oxygen

COMPONENT OF A COMPREHENSIVE PULMONARY REHABILITATION PROGRAM

Is the administration of oxygen at concentrations greater than that in room air to treat or prevent hypoxemia.

What is oxygen therapy?

Primary Goal:correct alveolar and/or tissue hypoxia

can be done in a hospital, another medical setting, or at home.

Indications:

The chief criterion or indication for oxygen therapy is significant level of hypoxemia(resting arterial Po2 of 55 mm Hg or less while breathing air.)

Other indications:

Treat hypoxia

Decrease the work of breathing

Decrease myocardial work

Severe trauma

Short term, post operative

Tests that Determine the Need for Oxygen Therapy:

Oximetry

Arterial Blood Gas Test

Oxygen delivery systems

Low Flow

High Flow

Modes of Administration
HOW OXYGEN GETS INTO YOUR SYSTEM

O2 Administration Devices

Cannula

Facial Mask

Partail re-breather

Non-rebreather

Venturi

Facial Tent

DEVICEFlow RateL/minOxygen Percentage

Nasal Cannula1-624-45%

Facial Mask

5-840-60%

Non-re breather

10-1595-100%

Partial rebreather6-1060-90%

Venturi4-824-40%

Face tent4-830-50%

FORMULA

FiO2=20 + 4(02 L/min)

Trigger Problem:If A 50 year old patient with DOB is given supplemental oxygen via nasal cannula which delivers at 2L/min. How much percentage of oxygen does the patient receives?

Nasal cannula

1-2L/min (23- 30%)

3-5L/min (30-40%)

6L/min (23-42%)

Facial mask

6-8 L/min

40% to 60 %

Partial rebreather mask

8-11 L/min

50% to 75 %

Nonbreathing mask

12 L/min

95% to 100%

Transtracheal O2 catheter

1/4 4 L/min

60 to100%

Venturi mask

4-6 L/min (24,26,28%)

6-8 L/min (30,35,40%)

The colour of the masks aperture reflects the FiO2 achieved

Venturi masks..

28%

35%

40%

60%

Face Tent

4 to 8 L/min(30% to 50% )

8-10 L/min(30-100%)

Oxygen Toxicity

2 proposed theories:

formation and release of free oxidant radicals

direct injury to endothelial cells and type I epithelial cells

Risk of O2 Therapy

Symptoms:

substernal burning,

chest tightness, and

nonproductive cough

reduction in vital capacity and carbon monoxide diffusing capacity

Lung Function:

Sequlae of oxygen toxicity:

acute, or exudative, phase

-begins within 48 to 72 hours - associated with perivascular, interstitial, and alveolar edema with atelectasis, as well as alveolar hemorrhage

-reversible.

b)subacute proliferative phase;

-begins fourth to seventh day-an irreversible phase

Clinically,-hypoxemia and diminished compliance progress-CXR features:

alveolar-interstitial pattern in an irregular distribution, with evidence of moderate loss of volume from patchy atelectasis.

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