oxygen production for oxyfuel power plants - ieaghg
TRANSCRIPT
Dr. Alexander Alekseev, Linde Group, Technology and Innovation, Linde Fellow
TPM
Oxygen Production for OxyfuelPower Plants
2
Content
• Introduction• Requirements on air separation system for oxyfuel
• Air composition• Thermodynamics: Rectification, how it works• Rectification: Double column system• The whole air separation process• Hardware components
3
HistoryCryogenic Air Separation
1905: 1st cryogenic air separation system build by Carl Linde (a process similar to today´s „chemical looping“ before 1905)
BUTalready in 1726:Jonathan Swift „Gulliver´s Travels“:
„He had two large rooms full of wonderful curiosities, and fiftymen at work. Some were condensing AIR into a dry tangiblesubstance, by exstracting of NITRE, and letting the aqueousor fluid particles percolate…“
4SS 14 Grundlagen der Kälteerzeugung und industrielle Tieftemperaturanlagen 4
Cryogenic Air Separation
1. Air inlet2. Purification3. Compression4. Cooling5. Separation6. Argon recovery
Green – nitrogenBlue- oxygenGray - argon
5
A2626 A/B
C1761 T3212
P3568 A/B
D3432
2
P4568
P4565
T4111
E4118
E4119
T4112
E4116
E3228
X3471
G
X3472
G
X3473G
E3117
E3124
2
C1261
E5117
T5111
P2467
E2416E2417
P2466C1161
S1146
H2O H2O AIR
E2617
COND
STE
AM
D3234
T6111
E6116
Crude KrXe
T3211
E6124
LAR
3
3
Atm
.
Cus
t. A
ir
MP
GA
N1
MP
GA
N2
Sea
l
LPG
AN
HP
GO
XP
GO
XIC
-GA
R LOXto/from tankA
tm. LIN
to/from tank Cru
deN
e/H
e
Atm
.
E3616
E3316
to EVC
Atm
.
Rot
ary
Equi
pmen
t
Hea
t Exc
hang
ers
Dou
ble
Col
umn Rare Gases
Precooling
MS-
Ads
orbe
rsState of the art“ air separation system
6
EXAMINA
How much process air is required to produce60 000 nm3/h of oxygen ?
Correct Answer: approx. 300 000 nm3/h
7
Requirements on ASU,Products
PRODUCTS OXYFUEL IGCC SCALEOXYGEN
purity 95 --> 97,5% 95 --> 97,5% or 99,5% > 99,5flow, nm3/h > 85 000 > 65 000 30 000 …75 000flow, tpd > 3 000 > 2 500 500 … 2500pressure, bar 1,2 … (20) 40 … 50 < 40 bar
LIQUIDS considerable amountof LIN & LOX
ARGON max argon recovery
NITROGEN no any or small amountfor service purposes
considerable amount or even all nitrogen
produced is pressurized and used as product
nitrogen products amounts
to ca. 20% of the total air flow
for back-up purposes only
no any argon required for process
Conventional
8
Requirements on oxygen purity for oxyfuelfrom perspective of an industrial gas company
Ambient presssure oxy-combustion
Elevated Pressure oxy-combustion2010 – 2012: 96-97.5
Before 2005: 99.5%
2005-2006: 95%
2006-2014: 96-97.5%
After 2014: ? (no projects)
2010-2012: 96-97.5%
After 2012: 99.5 ???
9
Requirements on ASU,DESIGN/PROCESS
Oxyfuel IGCC Standard
Compressors Single compressor 3-4 compressors 1-2 compressors
Static Equipment Giant heat exchanger, columns, adsorbers
etc
Large scale Medium – large scale
Process Low pressure cycle(main air compressorpressure ca. 5 bar)
Elevated pressurecycles ( main air
compressor pressure> 10 bar)
Conventional cycles,internal compression(main air compressorpressures 5.8-18 bar)
References Schwarze Pumpe Vresova, Pearl QatarJamnagar
A lot
10
ASU range, overview, 2010-2015
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 30000 60000 90000 120000 150000
OXY
GEN
PR
OD
UC
T PR
ESSU
RE,
bar
OXYGEN PRODUCT FLOW, nm3/h OXYFUEL IGCC
packaged
CONVENTIONAL
OXYFUEL
CUSTOMIZED
- order- proposal
11
ASU process cycles for Oxyfuel Power Plants
0
20
40
60
80
100
Double Column Triple Column Process Triple Column Process(Heat Integration gain)
Pow
er co
nsum
ptio
n, %
ASU Process Cycles for Oxyfuel Power Plant
1212
Power consumption reduced by > 25% !!
Oxygen Purity > 99.5%
conventional process schemesfor traditional applications
Oxygen Purity 95%
Specific Power Consumption0.35 kWh/Nm³
Specific Power Consumption0.25 kWh/Nm³
Above Figures are related to 100% Oxygen (contained Oxygen), normal ambient conditions for design: 20°C, 15°C CW, 60% rel. humidity, at sea level
advanced process schemesfor new applications e.g. IGCC, Oxyfuel
Air Separation UnitsCryogenic Oxygen / Specific Energy Consumption
13
Typical Oxyfuel-ASU,PFD
3001.12
GOX LOX
1102
3002.16
3001.11
3001.16
LIN
E3216 - FFE3217 - FFE3218 - Bath
3001.133001.27
3001.26
P356
8
P30
21.6
8
3002.18
Cust. Air
P3566
3001.28
3001.14
2
2
PGAN
3401.71
G
3
3
3002.17
1
Precooling
Purification
Filter
AIR
Thank you for yourattention
TPM