oxygen cascade - biology courses servercourses.biology.utah.edu/carrier/3320/lecture2.pdf ·...
TRANSCRIPT
Respiration I
Oxygen Cascade
Fick Equation
Water versus air
Mechanisms of ventilation
In “Animal Physiology” read pages 545-562.
Comparative Physiology, Biology 3320
Lecture 2 1. convective
heart
tissue
LungVO2=V!gas(PIO2-PEO2)=Gvent("PO2)
2. diffusiveVO2=DLO2 (PAO2-PcapO2)=Gdiff("PO2)
VO2=Q!blood(PaO2-PvO2)=Gperf("PO2)
3. convective
Ppa
Pv Pa
Ppv
Oxygen Cascade
4. diffusiveVO2=DMO2(PaO2-PmitO2)=Gdiff("PO2)
Symmorphosis
˜23 000:1 0.0062 143Kilograms of medium per liter O2
˜30:1 4.8 143Liters of medium per liter O2
˜1:11 000 9.4 850 X 10 -6 KC02 (cm2/atm min)
˜1:300 000 11 34 X 10 -6Diffusion constant, K02 (cm2/atm min)
˜1:9000 0.155 0.000 018 DC02 (cm2/s)
˜1:8000 0.198 0.000 025Diffusion coefficient, D02 (cm2/s)
˜25:1 0.000 057 0.0014Heat conductivity (cal/s cm ˚C)
˜3000:1 0.311000Heat capacity (cal/liter ˚C)
50:1 0.02 1Dynamic viscosity, (cP)
˜800:1 0.0013 1.000Density, p (kg/liter)
˜1:300.209 0.007O2 concentration (liter/liter)
Ratio: Water/airAirWater
Table 1.5 Comparison of air and water as respiratory medium.
4.46 5.57 30
5.31 6.57 20
5.79 7.22 15
6.35 8.02 10
7.97 10.29 0
Sea water
(ml O2
liter-1 water)
Fresh water
(ml O2
liter-1 water)
Temperature
(C°)
Table 1.4 The temperature effect on the amount of oxygen dissolved infresh water and in sea water in equilibrium with atmospheric air. [Krogh1941]
Gill ventilation of fishes
heart
tissue
Lung
Ppa
Pv Pa
Ppv
Ventilated Pool
Ram ventilation
5614.54 000 1.7813.3 2 250Katsuwonas(tuna)
3014.0 380 0.422 0.86 900Acipenser(sturgeon)
4611.1 31 0.147 0.193 210Salmo (trout)
40-70 24 0.120 0.134 200Scyliorhinus(dogfish)
5510.6 30 0.300 0.108 100
FishCallionymus(dragonet)
3413.6 288 0.320 0.504 900Cancer (crab)
2315.4 224 0.487 0.225 460Homarus (lobster)
53 9.7 111 0.555 0.206 200Crustaceans
Callinectes (crab)
2712.52 050 0.205 2.810 000Molluscs
Octopus
O2 extractionefficiency (%)
Po2 excurrent(kPa)
Gil water
flow
(ml min-1) g-1
O2 consumption
Rate (ml O2 min -1)
Mass
(g)
Genus
Table 9.6 A comparison of respiratory performance in marine animals