owo113030 wcdma ran11 handover algorithm and parameters issue1.02
TRANSCRIPT
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Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
英文标题 :40-47pt
副标题 :26-30pt
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FrutigerNext LT Medium
外部使用字体 : Arial
中文标题 :35-47pt
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WCDMA Handover Algorithm and
Parameters
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Foreword
Why mobile system need handover?
The mobility of UE
Load Balance
Any others?
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References 3GPP TS 23.122: Non Access Stratum functions related to
Mobile Station (MS) in idle mode
3GPP TS 24.008: Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification; Core Network Protocols - Stage 3
3GPP TS 25.304: UE Procedures in Idle Mode and Procedures for Cell Reselection in Connected Mode
3GPP TS 25.331: RRC Protocol Specification
3GPP TS 23.060: General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Service description
3GPP TS 25.931: UTRAN Functions, Examples on Signalling Procedures
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Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Explain the features of each handover
Describe the procedures of each handover
Perform the parameters setting of each handover
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The Basic Concepts of Handover Active set
Monitored set
Detected set
Radio link (RL)
Radio link set (RLS)
Maximum ratio
combination
Selective combination
Soft handover gain
PCPICH
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Contents
1. Intra-Frequency Handover
2. Inter-Frequency Handover
3. Inter-RAT Handover
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Contents
1. Intra-Frequency Handover
2. Inter-Frequency Handover
3. Inter-RAT Handover
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Contents
1. Intra-Frequency Handover
1. Intra-Frequency Handover Overview
2. Intra-Frequency Handover Procedure
3. Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover
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Intra-Frequency Handover Types The carrier frequencies of the current cell and target cell
are the same:
Intra-frequency soft handover
Intra-frequency hard handover
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Intra-Frequency Handover Types (Cont.)
Item Soft Handover Hard Handover
The number of RLs in
active set during
handover
Several One
Interruption during
handoverNo Yes
The frequencies of
cells
Only happened
between Intra-
frequency cells
Can be happened in Intra-
frequency cells or Inter-
frequency cells
Comparison between soft handover and hard
handover:
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Intra-Frequency Soft Handover
The types of intra-frequency soft handover are as
follows:
Intra-NodeB soft handover (also known as softer
handover)
Intra-RNC inter-NodeB soft handover
Inter-RNC soft handover
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Intra-Frequency Soft Handover (cont.)
Item Softer Handover Soft Handover
Scenario
When the UE is in the
overlapped coverage area of
two neighboring cells of a
NodeB with combined RLs
When the UE is in the
overlapped coverage area of
two neighboring cells of
different NodeBs
Uplink
signal
Using maximum-ratio
combination Using selection combination
Downlink
signal
Using maximum-ratio
combination
Using maximum-ratio
combination
Resource
use Occupying less Iub bandwidth
Occupying more Iub
bandwidth
Comparison between soft handover and softer
handover:
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Intra-Frequency Hard Handover Intra-frequency hard handover:
No Iur interface
Iur interface is congested
High-speed Best Effort (BE) service Handover
Soft handover fails
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Contents
1. Intra-Frequency Handover
1. Intra-Frequency Handover Overview
2. Intra-Frequency Handover Procedure
3. Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover
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Intra-Frequency Handover Procedure
Decision
Execution
Measurement
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Contents
1. Intra-Frequency Handover
1. Intra-Frequency Handover Overview
2. Intra-Frequency Handover Procedure
1. Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement
2. Intra-Frequency Handover Decision and Execution
3. Neighboring Cell Combination Algorithm
3. Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover
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Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement Measurement control:
UE UTRAN
MEASUREMENT CONTROL
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Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement (Cont.) Measurement report:
UE UTRAN
MEASUREMENT REPORT
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Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement (Cont.)
nnn MFF 1)1(
Measurement model in the WCDMA system:
L3 filtering formula:
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Parameters of Intra-Frequency Measurement IntraFreqMeasQuantity
Parameter name: Intra-freq Measure Quantity
Recommended value: CPICH_EC/NO
FilterCoef
Parameter name: Intra-freq meas L3 filter coeff
Recommended value: D3, namely K=3
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Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement EventsEven
tDescription
1A
A primary CPICH enters the reporting range. This indicates that the quality of a cell is close to the quality of the best cell in the active set. A relatively high combined gain can be achieved when the cell is added to the active set.
1BA primary CPICH leaves the reporting range. This indicates that a cell has a lower quality than the best cell in the active set. The cell has to be deleted from the active set.
1C
A non-active primary CPICH becomes better than an active primary CPICH. This indicates that the quality of a cell is better than the quality of the worst cell in the active set. The RNC replaces a cell in the active set with a cell in the monitored set.
1D The best cell changes.
1J
RAN10.0 provides the solution to the issue of how to add an HSUPA cell in a DCH active set to an E-DCH active set. Event 1J is added to the 3GPP protocol. This event is triggered when a non-active E-DCH but active DCH primary CPICH becomes better than an active E-DCH primary CPICH.
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Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement Events (Cont.)
)2/()1()( 111
aaBest
N
iiNewNew HRMWMWCIOM
A
1A event
Event 1A is triggered on the basis of the following
formula:
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Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement Events (Cont.)
A: signal quality curve of the best cell in the active set
B: signal quality curve of a cell in the monitored set
C: curve of Th1A
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Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover (Cont.) CIO
Parameter name: Cell oriented Cell Individual Offset
Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB
CIOOffset
Parameter name: Neighboring cell oriented CIO
Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB
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Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover (Cont.) IntraRelThdFor1ACSNVP
Parameter name: CS non VP service 1A event relative THD
Recommended value: 6, namely 3dB
IntraRelThdFor1ACSVP
Parameter name: VP service 1A event relative THD
Recommended value: 6, namely 3dB
IntraRelThdFor1APS
Parameter name: PS service 1A event relative threshold
Recommended value: 6, namely 3dB
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Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover (Cont.) Hystfor1A
Parameter name: 1A hysteresis
Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB
TrigTime1A
Parameter name: 1A event trigger delay time
Recommended value: D320, namely 320ms
Weight
Parameter name: Weighted factor
Recommended value: 0
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Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement Events (Cont.) 1A event report mode:
Event trigger report
Event to periodical report
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Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover (Cont.) ReportIntervalfor1A
Parameter name: 1A event to periodical rpt period
Recommended value: D4000, namely 4000ms
PeriodMRReportNumfor1A
Parameter name: 1A event to periodical rpt number
Recommended value: D16
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Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement Events (Cont.)
)2/()1()( 111
bbBest
N
iiOldOld HRMWMWCIOM
A
1B event
Event 1B is triggered on the basis of the following
formula:
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Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement Events (Cont.)
A: signal quality curve of the best cell in the active set
B: signal quality curve of the worst cell in the active set
C: curve of Th1B
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Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover (Cont.) IntraRelThdFor1BCSNVP
Parameter name: CS non VP service 1B event relative
THD
Recommended value: 12, namely 6dB
IntraRelThdFor1BCSVP
Parameter name: VP service 1B event relative THD
Recommended value: 12, namely 6dB
IntraRelThdFor1BPS
Parameter name: PS service 1B event relative threshold
Recommended value: 12, namely 6dB
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Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover (Cont.) Hystfor1B
Parameter name: 1B hysteresis
Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB
TrigTime1B
Parameter name: 1B event trigger delay time
Recommended value: D640, namely 640ms
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Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement Events (Cont.)
2/1cInASInASNewNew HCIOMCIOM
1C event
Event 1C is triggered on the basis of the following
formula:
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Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement Events (Cont.)
A: signal quality curve of the best cell in the active set
B: signal quality curve of a cell in the active set
C: signal quality curve of the worst cell in the active set
D: signal quality curve of a cell in the monitored set
E: curve of Th1C
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Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover (Cont.) Hystfor1C
Parameter name: 1C hysteresis
Recommended value: 8, namely 4dB
TrigTime1C
Parameter name: 1C event trigger delay time
Recommended value: D640, namely 640ms
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Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement Events (Cont.) 1C event report mode:
Event trigger report
Event to periodical report
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Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover (Cont.) ReportIntervalfor1C
Parameter name: 1C event to periodical rpt period
Recommended value: D4000, namely 4000ms
PeriodMRReportNumfor1C
Parameter name: 1C event to periodical rpt number
Recommended value: D16
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Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement Events (Cont.)
2/1dBestBestNotBestNotBest HCIOMCIOM
1D event
Event 1D is triggered on the basis of the following
formula:
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Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement Events (Cont.)
A: signal quality curve of the best cell in the active set
B: signal quality curve of a cell in the active set or the monitored set
C: curve of Th1D
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Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover (Cont.) Hystfor1D
Parameter name: 1D hysteresis
Recommended value: 8, namely 4dB
TrigTime1D
Parameter name: 1D event trigger delay time
Recommended value: D640, namely 640ms
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Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement Events (Cont.)
2/1JInASInASNewNew HCIOMCIOM
1J event
Event 1J is triggered on the basis of the following
formula:
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Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement Events (Cont.)
A: signal quality curve of a cell in the E-DCH active set
B: signal quality curve of the worst cell in the E-DCH active set
C: signal quality curve of a cell not in the E-DCH active set but included in DCH active set
D: signal quality curve of a cell not in the E-DCH active set but included in DCH active set
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Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover (Cont.) Hystfor1J
Parameter name: 1J hysteresis
Recommended value: 8, namely 4dB
TrigTime1J
Parameter name: 1J event trigger delay time
Recommended value: D640, namely 640ms
MaxEdchCellInActiveSet
Parameter name: Max number of cell in EDCH active set
Recommended value: 3
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Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement Events (Cont.) 1J event report mode:
Event trigger report
Event to periodical report
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Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover (Cont.) ReportIntervalfor1J
Parameter name: 1J event to periodical rpt period
Recommended value: D1000, namely 1000ms
PeriodMRReportNumfor1J
Parameter name: 1J event to periodical rpt number
Recommended value: D64
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Contents
1. Intra-Frequency Handover
1. Intra-Frequency Handover Overview
2. Intra-Frequency Handover Procedure
1. Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement
2. Intra-Frequency Handover Decision and Execution
3. Neighboring Cell Combination Algorithm
3. Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover
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Intra-Frequency Handover Decision and Execution The intra-frequency handover decision and
execution procedure depends on the different
measurement events that the RNC receives:
1A Event
1B Event
1C Event
1D Event
1J Event
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Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover (Cont.) MaxCellInActiveSet
Parameter name: Max number of cell in active set
Recommended value: 3
SHOQualmin
Parameter name: Min quality THD for SHO
Recommended value: -24, namely -24dB
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Rate Reduction After an SHO Failure If the radio link addition for a soft handover fails, the rate
reduction is triggered for R99 NRT (Non Real Time)
services to increase the probability of a successful soft
handover1A,1C,1D is received by RNC
Execute admission control in target cell
Admission succeed?
Execute Handover
Rate Reduction
Estimation
Execution
Yes
No
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Estimation Procedure for Rate Reduction
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Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover (Cont.) RelThdForDwnGrd
Parameter name: Relative threshold of SHO failure
Recommended value: 2, namely 1dB
ShoFailPeriod
Parameter name: Max evaluation period of SHO failure
Recommended value: 60, namely 60s
ShoFailNumForDwnGrd
Parameter name: Threshold number of SHO failure
Recommended value: 3
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Procedure of Rate Reduction Execution
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Parameters of Intra-Frequency Handover (Cont.) DcccShoPenaltyTime
Parameter name: Period of penalty timer for SHO
failure after down rate
Recommended value: 30, namely 30s
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Contents
1. Intra-Frequency Handover
1. Intra-Frequency Handover Overview
2. Intra-Frequency Handover Procedure
1. Intra-Frequency Handover Measurement
2. Intra-Frequency Handover Decision and Execution
3. Neighboring Cell Combination Algorithm
3. Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover
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Neighboring Cell Combination Algorithm
Cell A Cell B Cell C
Cell A Cell B Cell C A B C
Firstly, the cells in the active set are added.
Secondly, the neighboring cells of cell A are added.
After that, the neighboring cells of cell B are added.
Finally, the neighboring cells of cell C are added.
Cell A, Cell B and Cell C are in active set. Cell A is the best cell. Cell B Ec/No is greater than Cell C.
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Parameters of Neighboring Cell Combination Algorithm HO_MC_NCELL_COMBINE_SWITCH
Parameter name: Neighboring Cell Combination Switch
Recommended value: ON
NprioFlag
Parameter name: The flag of the priority
Recommended value: FALSE
Nprio
Parameter name: the priority of the neighboring cell
Recommended value: None
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Contents
1. Intra-Frequency Handover
1. Intra-Frequency Handover Overview
2. Intra-Frequency Handover Procedure
3. Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover
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Signaling Procedures for Intra-Frequency Handover There are five types of signaling procedures
for intra-frequency handover:
Intra-NodeB Intra-Frequency Soft Handover
Intra-RNC Inter-NodeB Intra-Frequency Soft Handover
Inter-RNC Intra-Frequency Soft Handover
Intra-RNC Inter-NodeB Intra-Frequency Hard Handover
Inter-RNC Intra-Frequency Hard Handover
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Intra-NodeB Intra-Frequency Soft Handover
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Intra-RNC Inter-NodeB Intra-Frequency Soft Handover
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Inter-RNC Intra-Frequency Soft Handover
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Intra-RNC Inter-NodeB Intra-Frequency Hard Handover
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Inter-RNC Intra-Frequency Hard Handover
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Contents
1. Intra-Frequency Handover
2. Inter-Frequency Handover
3. Inter-RAT Handover
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Contents
2. Inter-Frequency Handover
1. Inter-Frequency Handover Overview
2. Inter-Frequency Handover Procedure
3. Signaling Procedures for Inter-Frequency Handover
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Inter-Frequency Handover Types The carrier frequency of the current cell and target
cell are different
Based on the triggering causes of handover, inter-
frequency handover can be categorized into two
types:
Coverage-based inter-frequency handover
Load-based inter-frequency handover
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Contents
2. Inter-Frequency Handover
1. Inter-Frequency Handover Overview
2. Inter-Frequency Handover Procedure
1. Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover
2. Load-based Inter-Frequency Handover
3. Blind Handover based on Event 1F
4. Inter-Frequency anti-Ping-Pong
3. Signaling Procedures for Inter-Frequency Handover
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Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover
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Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover - Triggering Phase Triggering event:
2D event:
The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is
below a certain threshold
2F event:
The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is
above a certain threshold
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Compressed Mode Purpose
Measure the inter-frequency cell or inter-RAT cell under FDD mode
Categories Downlink compressed mode
Uplink compressed mode
Realization Methods SF/2
Higher layer scheduling
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Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover Events 2D event:
Event 2D is triggered on the basis of the following
formula:QUsed ≤ TUsed2d - H2d/2
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Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover InterFreqCSThd2DEcN0
Parameter name: Inter-freq CS measure start Ec/No THD
Recommended value: -14, namely -14dB
InterFreqR99PsThd2DEcN0
Parameter name: Inter-freq R99 PS measure start Ec/No
THD
Recommended value: -14, namely -14dB
InterFreqHThd2DEcN0
Parameter name: Inter-freq H measure start Ec/No THD
Recommended value: -14, namely -14dB
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Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover (Cont.) InterFreqCSThd2DRSCP
Parameter name: Inter-freq CS measure start RSCP THD
Recommended value: -95, namely -95dBm
InterFreqR99PsThd2DRSCP
Parameter name: Inter-freq R99 PS measure start RSCP
THD
Recommended value: -95, namely -95dBm
InterFreqHThd2DRSCP
Parameter name: Inter-freq H measure start RSCP THD
Recommended value: -95, namely -95dBm
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Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover (Cont.) HystFor2D
Parameter name: 2D hysteresis
Recommended value: 4, namely 2dB
TimeToTrig2D
Parameter name: 2D event trigger delay time
Recommended value: D320, namely 320ms
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Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover Events (Cont.) 2F event
Event 2F is triggered on the basis of the following
formula:
QUsed ≥ TUsed2f +
H2f/2
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Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover (Cont.) InterFreqCSThd2FEcN0
Parameter name: Inter-freq CS measure stop Ec/No THD
Recommended value: -12, namely -12dB
InterFreqR99PsThd2FEcN0
Parameter name: Inter-freq R99 PS measure stop Ec/No
THD
Recommended value: -12, namely -12dB
InterFreqHThd2FEcN0
Parameter name: Inter-freq H measure stop Ec/No THD
Recommended value: -12, namely -12dB
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Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover (Cont.) InterFreqCSThd2FRSCP
Parameter name: Inter-freq CS measure stop RSCP THD
Recommended value: -92, namely -92dBm
InterFreqR99PsThd2FRSCP
Parameter name: Inter-freq R99 PS measure stop RSCP
THD
Recommended value: -92, namely -92dBm
InterFreqHThd2FRSCP
Parameter name: Inter-freq H measure stop RSCP THD
Recommended value: -92, namely -92dBm
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Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover (Cont.) HystFor2F
Parameter name: 2F hysteresis
Recommended value: 4, namely 2dB
TimeToTrig2F
Parameter name: 2F event trigger delay time
Recommended value: D1280, namely 1280ms
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Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover - Measurement Phase Measurement control:
UE RNC
Measurement report (2D)
Physical Channel Recfg (CM)
Measurement control
Physical Channel Recfg Complet (CM)
UE RNC
Measurement report (2D)
Physical Channel Recfg (CM)
Measurement control (RSCP)
Physical Channel Recfg Complet (CM)
Measurement control (Ec/No)
Periodical Reporting Event Reporting
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Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover - Measurement Phase (Cont.) Measurement report:
Measurement report
Handover
Measurement report
UE RNC
Handover
Measurement report (2B)
Periodical Reporting Event Reporting
UE RNC
Measurement report
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Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover (Cont.) InterFreqReportMode
Parameter name: Inter-frequency measure report mode
Recommended value: Periodical reporting
PrdReportInterval
Parameter name: Inter-frequency measure periodical rpt
period
Recommended value: D500, namely 500ms
InterFreqMeasTime
Parameter name: Inter-freq measure timer length
Recommended value: 60, namely 60s
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Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover - Decision Phase The coverage-based inter-frequency handovers are
categorized into two types according to the following
two measurement report modes:
periodical measurement report mode
event-triggered measurement report mode
Each mode corresponds to a different decision and
execution procedure
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Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover - Decision Phase (Cont.) Periodical measurement report mode:
RNC decide whether both the CPICH Ec/No value and CPICH RSCP
value of the pilot signal of the target cell meet the requirement of
inter-frequency handover. The evaluation formula is listed below:
M other_Freq + CIOother_Freq ≥ Tother_Freq + H/2
Start the hard handover time-to-trigger timer, which is configured
through the parameter TimeToTrigForPrdInterFreq
If M other_Freq + CIOother_Freq < Tother_Freq - H/2, stop the
timer
Select the cells in sequence, that is, from high quality cells to low
quality ones, to initiate inter-frequency handover in the cells
where the hard handover time-to-trigger timer expires
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Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover - Decision Phase (Cont.) Periodical measurement report mode:
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Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover (Cont.) CIO
Parameter name: Cell oriented Cell Individual Offset
Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB
CIOOffset
Parameter name: Neighboring cell oriented CIO
Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB
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Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover (Cont.) HystForPrdInterFreq
Parameter name: HHO hysteresis
Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB
TimeToTrigForPrdInterFreq
Parameter name: HHO period trigger delay time
Recommended value: 0, namely 0ms
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Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover - Decision Phase (Cont.) Event-triggered measurement report mode:
After receiving the event 2B measurement report, the
RNC starts the following procedure:
Add all the pilot cells that trigger event 2B to a cell set
and arrange the cells according to the measurement
quality of CPICH_Ec/No in descending order
Select the cells in turn from the cell set to perform inter-
frequency handover
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Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover - Decision Phase (Cont.) 2B event:
The estimated quality of the currently used frequency
is below a certain threshold and the estimated quality
of a non-used frequency is above a certain threshold
Event 2B is triggered on the basis of the following
formula:QNoused ≥ TNoused2b +
H2b/2
QUsed ≤ TUsed2b - H2b/2
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Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover (Cont.) TargetFreqCsThdEcN0
Parameter name: Inter-freq CS target frequency trigger
Ec/No THD
Recommended value: -12, namely -12dB
UsedFreqCSThdEcN0
Parameter name: Inter-freq CS Used frequency trigger
Ec/No THD
Recommended value: -12, namely -12dB
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Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover (Cont.)
Objective Target Cell Used Cell
CS Ec/No
threshold
-12, namely -
12dB
-12, namely -
12dB
PS Ec/No
threshold
-12, namely -
12dB
-12, namely -
12dB
H Ec/No
threshold
-12, namely -
12dB
-12, namely -
12dB
CS RSCP
threshold
-92, namely -
92dBm
-92, namely -
92dBm
PS RSCP
threshold
-92, namely -
92dBm
-92, namely -
92dBm
H RSCP threshold -92, namely -
92dBm
-92, namely -
92dBm
Recommended values of 2B event:
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page98
Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover (Cont.) HystFor2B
Parameter name: 2B hysteresis
Recommended value: 4, namely 2dB
TimeToTrig2B
Parameter name: 2B event trigger delay time
Recommended value: D0, namely 0ms
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page99
Contents
2. Inter-Frequency Handover
1. Inter-Frequency Handover Overview
2. Inter-Frequency Handover Procedure
1. Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover
2. Load-based Inter-Frequency Handover
3. Blind Handover based on Event 1F
4. Inter-Frequency anti-Ping-Pong
3. Signaling Procedures for Inter-Frequency Handover
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Load-based Inter-Frequency Handover
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Load-based Inter-Frequency Handover - Triggering Phase Current cell
Heavy load
Target cell
Light load
Blind handover flag is true
Target user
User with lower integrated priority
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Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover (Cont.) BlindHOFlag
Parameter name: Blind handover flag
Recommended value: False
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Load-based Inter-Frequency Handover - Decision Phase Step 1: Based on the handover state, the RNC determines
how to trigger an inter-frequency blind handover:
Perform direct blind handover, go to step 2
Perform conditional blind handover, go to step 3
Do not perform blind handover
Step 2: The RNC check whether the conditions of direct blind
handover are met or not. If yes, UE perform direct blind
handover. Otherwise, go to step 3
Step 3: The RNC check whether the conditions of conditional
blind handover are met or not. If yes, UE perform conditional
blind handover. Otherwise, not perform blind handover
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Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover (Cont.) HO_ALGO_LDR_ALLOW_SHO_SWITCH
Parameter name: HandOver switch
Recommended value: ON
BlindHOQualityCondition
Parameter name: Blind handover condition
Recommended value: -92, namely -92dBm
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Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover (Cont.) BlindHOIntrafreqMRInterval
Parameter name: Intrafrequency measurement report
interval of blind HO
Recommended value: D250, namely 250ms
BlindHOIntrafreqMRAmount
Parameter name: Intrafrequency measurement report
amount of blind handover
Recommended value: D2, namely 2 times
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page107
Contents
2. Inter-Frequency Handover
1. Inter-Frequency Handover Overview
2. Inter-Frequency Handover Procedure
1. Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover
2. Load-based Inter-Frequency Handover
3. Blind Handover based on Event 1F
4. Inter-Frequency anti-Ping-Pong
3. Signaling Procedures for Inter-Frequency Handover
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Blind Handover based on Event 1F
Blind handover in inter-frequency handover:
Load-based handover
Speed-based handover from micro cell to macro cell
1F event triggered inter-frequency handover
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Blind Handover based on Event 1F (Cont.) 1F event:
A PCPICH becomes worse than an absolute threshold
Event 1F is triggered on the basis of the following
formula:MOld ≤ T1f - H1f/2
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Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover (Cont.) IntraAblThdFor1FecNo
Parameter name: 1F event absolute EcNo threshold
Recommended value: -24, namely -24dB
IntraAblThdFor1FRSCP
Parameter name: 1F event absolute RSCP threshold
Recommended value: -115, namely -115dBm
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Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover (Cont.) Hystfor1F
Parameter name: 1F hysteresis
Recommended value: 8, namely 4dB
TrigTime1F
Parameter name: 1F event trigger delay time
Recommended value: D640, namely 640ms
BlindHORSCP1FThreshold
Parameter name: 1F event blind handover trigger
condition
Recommended value: -115, namely -115dBm
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page112
Contents
2. Inter-Frequency Handover
1. Inter-Frequency Handover Overview
2. Inter-Frequency Handover Procedure
1. Coverage-based Inter-Frequency Handover
2. QoS-based Inter-Frequency Handover
3. Load-based Inter-Frequency Handover
4. Speed-based Inter-Frequency Handover
5. Blind Handover based on Event 1F
6. Inter-Frequency anti-Ping-Pong
7. Inter-Frequency Handover Retry
3. Signaling Procedures for Inter-Frequency Handover
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Inter-Frequency anti-Ping-Pong When a coverage-based inter-frequency handover or an
inter-frequency blind handover based on event 1F
occurs, the RNC starts the timer specified by
IFAntiPingpangTimerLength for the UE
When a non-coverage-based inter-frequency handover is
triggered, first, the RNC determines whether the timer
specified by IFAntiPingpangTimerLength expires
If the timer does not expire, the RNC cancels the handover
If the timer expires, the RNC performs the handover
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Parameters of Inter-Frequency Handover (Cont.) IFAntiPingpangTimerLength
Parameter name: The timer length of anti pingpong
NCOV interfreq handover
Recommended value: 30, namely 30s
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Contents
2. Inter-Frequency Handover
1. Inter-Frequency Handover Overview
2. Inter-Frequency Handover Procedure
3. Signaling Procedures for Inter-Frequency Handover
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page116
Signaling Procedures for Inter-Frequency Handover Intra-RNC inter-frequency handover:
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Signaling Procedures for Inter-Frequency Handover (Cont.) Inter-RNC inter-frequency handover:
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page118
Contents
1. Intra-Frequency Handover
2. Inter-Frequency Handover
3. Inter-RAT Handover
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Contents
3. Inter-RAT Handover
1. Inter-RAT Handover Overview
2. Inter-RAT Handover Procedure
3. Signaling Procedures for Inter-RAT Handover
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page120
Inter-RAT Handover Scenarios
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Inter-RAT Handover Types
Based on the triggering causes of handover, inter-
frequency handover can be categorized into three
types:
Coverage-based 3G to 2G handover
Load-based 3G to 2G handover
Service-based 3G to 2G handover
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Inter-RAT Handover Preconditions Before handover, the RNC checks whether all the
following preconditions for the 3G to 2G handover
are met:
2G cell capability
Service capability
UE capability
Service handover indicator
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Inter-RAT Handover Rules
Rules for coverage-based and QoS-based 3G to 2G
Handover:
Service handover indicator:
HO_TO_GSM_SHOULD_BE_PERFORM
HO_TO_GSM_SHOULD_NOT_BE_PERFORM
Three types of capability:
Refer to the following table
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Inter-RAT Handover Rules (Cont.) Rules for Load-based 3G to 2G Handover:
Service handover indicator:
HO_TO_GSM_SHOULD_BE_PERFORM
HO_TO_GSM_SHOULD_NOT_BE_PERFORM
Three types of capability:
Refer to the following table
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Inter-RAT Handover Rules (Cont.) Rules for service-based 3G to 2G Handover
Service Handover Indicator
HO_TO_GSM_SHOULD_BE_PERFORM
Three types of capability:
Refer to the table of load-based handover
Service switch
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page127
Contents
3. Inter-RAT Handover
1. Inter-RAT Handover Overview
2. Inter-RAT Handover Procedure
1. Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover
2. Load-based Inter-RAT Handover
3. Service-based Inter-RAT Handover
4. UMTS to GSM Multimedia Fallback
3. Signaling Procedures for Inter-RAT Handover
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page128
Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover
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Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover - Triggering Phase Triggering event:
2D event:
The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is
below a certain threshold
2F event:
The estimated quality of the currently used frequency is
above a certain threshold
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page130
Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover Events 2D event:
Event 2D is triggered on the basis of the following
formula:QUsed ≤ TUsed2d - H2d/2
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Parameters of Inter-RAT Handover
Parameter Recommended Value
InterRATCSThd2DEcN0 -14, namely -14dB
InterRATR99PsThd2DEcN0 -15, namely -15dB
InterRATHThd2DEcN0 -15, namely-15dB
InterRATCSThd2DRSCP -100, namely -100dBm
InterRATR99PsThd2DRSCP -110, namely -110dBm
InterRATHThd2DRSCP -110, namely -110dBm
HystFor2D 4, namely 2dB
TimeToTrig2D D320, namely 320ms
Recommended values of 2D event:
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page132
Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover Events (Cont.) 2F event:
Event 2F is triggered on the basis of the following
formula:QUsed ≥ TUsed2f + H2f/2
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Parameters of Inter-RAT Handover (Cont.)
Parameter Recommended Value
InterRATCSThd2FEcN0 -12, namely -12dB
InterRATR99PsThd2FEcN0 -13, namely -13dB
InterRATHThd2FEcN0 -13, namely-13dB
InterRATCSThd2FRSCP -97, namely -97dBm
InterRATR99PsThd2FRSCP -107, namely -107dBm
InterRATHThd2FRSCP -107, namely -107dBm
HystFor2F 4, namely 2dB
TimeToTrig2F D1280, namely 1280ms
Recommended values of 2F event:
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page134
Interoperability between Inter-RAT and Inter-Frequency Handover Inter-frequency measurement:
2D, 2F event
Inter-frequency neighboring cell
Inter-RAT measurement:
2D, 2F event
Inter-RAT neighboring cell
Measure inter-RAT neighbor?
Measure inter-RAT neighbor?
Measure inter-
frequency neighbor?
Measure inter-
frequency neighbor?
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page135
Parameters of Inter-RAT Handover (Cont.) InterFreqRATSwitch
Parameter name: Inter-freq and Inter-RAT coexist switch
Recommended value: SIMINTERFREQRAT
CoexistMeasThdChoice
Parameter name: InterFreq and InterRat coexist measure
threshold choice
Recommended value:
COEXIST_MEAS_THD_CHOICE_INTERFREQ
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page136
Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover - Measurement Phase Measurement control:
UE RNC
Measurement report (2D)
Physical Channel Recfg (CM)
Measurement control (RSCP or Ec/No)
Physical Channel Recfg Complet (CM)
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page137
Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover - Measurement Phase (Cont.) Measurement report:
Measurement report
Handover
Measurement report
UE RNC
Handover
Measurement report (3A)
Periodical Reporting Event Reporting
UE RNC
Measurement report
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page138
Parameters of Inter-RAT Handover (Cont.) InterRatReportMode
Parameter name: Inter-RAT report mode
Recommended value: PERIODICAL_REPORTING
InterRATPeriodReportInterval
Parameter name: Inter-RAT period report interval
Recommended value: D1000, namely 1000ms
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page139
Parameters of Inter-RAT Handover (Cont.) InterRATMeasTime
Parameter name: Inter-RAT measure timer length
Recommended value: 60, namely 60s
MeasQuantityOf3A
Parameter name: 3A Measure Quantity
Recommended value: Auto, namely based on the 2D
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page140
Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover - Decision Phase The coverage-based and QoS-based 3G to 2G
handover is categorized into two types according to
the following two measurement report modes:
Periodical measurement report mode
Event-triggered measurement report mode
Each mode corresponds to a different decision and
execution procedure
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page141
Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover - Decision Phase (Cont.) Periodical measurement report mode:
RNC decide whether the quality of 2G cells meets the conditions of inter-RAT handover. The evaluation formula is listed below:
Mother_RAT + CIOother_RAT ≥ Tother_RAT + H/2
Start the evaluation of the cells that meet the quality requirement and start the time-to-trigger timer. If the measurement report meet the following formula and time-to-trigger timer does not expire, stop the time-to-trigger timer
Mother_RAT + CIOother_RAT < Tother_RAT - H/2
Select the cells in sequence, that is, from high quality cells to low quality ones, to initiate 3G to 2G handover in the cells where the handover time-to-trigger timer expires
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page142
Parameters of Inter-RAT Handover (Cont.) CIO
Parameter name: Cell oriented Cell Individual Offset
Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB
CIOOffset
Parameter name: Neighboring cell oriented CIO
Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page143
Parameters of Inter-RAT Handover (Cont.) HystforInterRAT
Parameter name: Inter-RAT hysteresis
Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB
TimeToTrigForVerify
Parameter name: Time to trigger for verified GSM cell
Recommended value: 0, namely 0ms
TimeToTrigForNonVerify
Parameter name: Time to trigger for non-verified GSM cell
Recommended value: 0, namely 0ms
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page144
Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover - Decision Phase (Cont.) Event-triggered measurement report mode:
After receiving the event 3A measurement report of 2G
cells, the RNC performs the following decision and
execution procedures:
Put all the 2G cells that trigger event 3A into a cell set and
arrange the cells according to the measurement quality in
descending order
Select the cells in sequence from the cell set to perform
inter-RAT handover
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Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover - Decision Phase (Cont.) 3A event:
The estimated quality of the currently used UTRAN
frequency is below a certain threshold and the
estimated quality of the other system is above a
certain threshold
Event 3A is triggered on the basis of the following
formula:QOtherRAT + CIOOtherRAT ≥ TOtherRAT +
H3a/2
QUsed ≤ TUsed - H3a/2
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Parameters of Inter-RAT Handover (Cont.) UsedFreqCSThdEcN0
Parameter name: Inter-RAT CS Used frequency trigger
Ec/No THD
Recommended value: -12, namely -12dB
TargetRatCsThd
Parameter name: Inter-RAT CS handover decision THD
Recommended value: 16, namely -95dBm
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page147
Parameters of Inter-RAT Handover (Cont.)
Used cell Target cell
CS Ec/No threshold: -12, namely -12dB CS threshold: 16, namely -
95dBmPS Ec/No threshold: -13, namely -13dB
H Ec/No threshold: -13, namely -13dB PS threshold: 16, namely -
95dBmCS RSCP threshold: -97, namely -
97dBm
PS RSCP threshold: -107, namely -
107dBm H threshold: 16, namely -
95dBmH RSCP threshold: -107, namely -
107dBm
Recommended values of 3A event:
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Parameters of Inter-RAT Handover (Cont.) Hystfor3A
Parameter name: 3A hysteresis
Recommended value: 4, namely 2dB
TrigTime3A
Parameter name: 3A event trigger delay time
Recommended value: D0, namely 0ms
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page149
Contents
3. Inter-RAT Handover
1. Inter-RAT Handover Overview
2. Inter-RAT Handover Procedure
1. Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover
2. Load-based Inter-RAT Handover
3. Service-based Inter-RAT Handover
4. UMTS to GSM Multimedia Fallback
3. Signaling Procedures for Inter-RAT Handover
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page150
Load-based Inter-RAT Handover
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Parameters of Inter-RAT Handover (Cont.) InterRATMeasTime
Parameter name: Inter-RAT measure timer length
Recommended value: 60, namely 60s
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page152
Load-based Inter-RAT Handover - Decision Phase 3C event:
The estimated quality of other system is above a
certain threshold
Event 3C is triggered on the basis of the following
formula:MOtherRAT + CIOOtherRAT ≥ TOtherRAT + H3c/2
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page153
Parameters of Inter-RAT Handover (Cont.) InterRATNCovHOCSThd
Parameter name: Inter-RAT CS handover decision THD
Recommended value: 21, namely -90dBm
InterRATNCovHOPSThd
Parameter name: Inter-RAT PS handover decision THD
Recommended value: 21, namely -90dBm
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page154
Parameters of Inter-RAT Handover (Cont.) Hystfor3C
Parameter name: 3C hysteresis
Recommended value: 0, namely 0dB
TrigTime3C
Parameter name: 3C event trigger delay time
Recommended value: D640, namely 640ms
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page155
Load-based Inter-RAT Handover - Execution Phase After receiving the event 3C measurement report of
2G cells, the RNC performs the following handover
decision and execution procedure:
Put all the 2G cells that trigger event 3C into a cell set
and arrange the cells according to the measurement
quality in descending order
Select the cells in sequence from the cell set
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Parameters of Inter-RAT Handover (Cont.) SndLdInfo2GsmInd
Parameter name: Send Load Info to GSM Ind
Recommended value: ON
NcovHoOn2GldInd
Parameter name: NCOV Reloc Ind based on GSM cell
load
Recommended value: ON
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Parameters of Inter-RAT Handover (Cont.) CSHOOut2GloadThd
Parameter name: CS domain Reloc GSM load THD
Recommended value: 80, namely 80%
PSHOOut2GloadThd
Parameter name: PS domain Reloc GSM load THD
Recommended value: 60, namely 60%
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page159
Parameters of Inter-RAT Handover (Cont.) InterRATHOAttempts
Parameter name: Inter-RAT handover max attempt
times
Recommended value: 16
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page160
Contents
3. Inter-RAT Handover
1. Inter-RAT Handover Overview
2. Inter-RAT Handover Procedure
1. Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover
2. Load-based Inter-RAT Handover
3. Service-based Inter-RAT Handover
4. UMTS to GSM Multimedia Fallback
3. Signaling Procedures for Inter-RAT Handover
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page161
Service-based Inter-RAT Handover
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page162
Parameters of Inter-RAT Handover (Cont.) CSServiceHOSwitch
Parameter name: Inter-RAT CS handover switch
Recommended value: OFF
PSServiceHOSwitch
Parameter name: Inter-RAT PS handover switch
Recommended value: OFF
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page163
Contents
3. Inter-RAT Handover
1. Inter-RAT Handover Overview
2. Inter-RAT Handover Procedure
1. Coverage-based Inter-RAT Handover
2. Load-based Inter-RAT Handover
3. Service-based Inter-RAT Handover
4. UMTS to GSM Multimedia Fallback
3. Signaling Procedures for Inter-RAT Handover
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page164
UMTS to GSM Multimedia Fallback
GSMWCDMA
VP AMR AMR
VP service:
Speech
Video
AMR
service:
Speech
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page165
Contents
3. Inter-RAT Handover
1. Inter-RAT Handover Overview
2. Inter-RAT Handover Procedure
3. Signaling Procedures for Inter-RAT Handover
Copyright © 2009 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page166
Signaling Procedures for CS Inter-RAT Handover
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