overview of the new loc & pas tsi and en 45545 · overview of the new loc & pas tsi and the...
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Overview of the new
LOC & PAS TSI and
the EN 45545 standard
11th Annual Fire Protection of Rolling Stock Conference
Jonas Wedholm
Bombardier Transportation
Fire Safety Manager - Chief Technical Office (CTO)
Date: 18.03.2015
Objectives and Results,
Opportunities and
Challenges
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Title
Agenda
INTRODUCTION
LEGISLATIVE ROADMAP IN EU & GLOBAL OUTLOOK FOR EN 45545
OBJECTIVE AND RESULTS, OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
HOW DOES BT SUPPORT THE INTRODUCTION OF THE STANDARD?
WHAT CAN THE INDUSTRY DO TO EASE THE INTRODUCTION?
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6 SUMMARY
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BOMBARDIER
Overview
Introduction to BT
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World’s only manufacturer of both planes and trains - with a worldwide workforce of ~ 76,400* people
Bombardier Transportation
• Headquarters in Berlin, Germany
• Presence in 40 countries
• ~ 38,500 employees
• Customers in more than 60 countries
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Legislative Roadmap
Future Regulatory Environment for Rolling Stock in EU
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Directive
2008/57/EC
“Define the results to be achieved without dictating
the means”
Legal act transposed in national law
LOC & PAS TSI
Defines the mandatory requirements and the
technical standards required in order to satisfy the
essential requirements in the Directive
Are law
Standards: EN 45545
“Provides requirements, measures and verification of characteristics for activities or their results. Satisfies the
requirements in the TSI”
Law when an EN standard is quoted in a TSI
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Legislative Roadmap
When is EN 45545 Voluntary or Mandatory?
Transition periods acc. to European legislation
Legislative Roadmap
Rules related to the TSI Certification Process
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TSI SRT
TSI HS RST
TSI CR LOC & PAS
Revised TSI SRT (Fire Safety requirements for Rolling Stock transferred to TSI RST)
TSI “LOCOMOTIVES AND PASSENGER RST” (Merged HS and CR LOC & PAS)
EN 45545
released 2013
TSI RST & TSI SRT
entering into force 2015
EN 45545
EN 45545 Voluntary Application
2018
Transitional Period: EN 45545 Voluntary Permitted to apply the verification of conformity to the notified
national rules
EN 45545: Mandatory if certification process is
initiated after 2018
For projects at an advanced stage of development, rolling stock of an existing design and contracts that were signed before the date of application of the revised TSI, may apply
transition rules in accordance with the TSI regulations
TSIs
Notified national rules
Conflicting with EN 45545
shall be withdrawn mid 2016
2015 2013
Phase A:
Type or design examination certificates and Definition of
Assessment Basis (max 7 years)
Phase B:
Period of validity of the type examination
(valid for 7 years, even if a revision of the TSIs comes into force)
Where we are today
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Legislative Roadmap
CEN/TC 256/WG 01 Roadmap for Revising EN 45545
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Where we are today
EN 45545:2013 Amendments
2014-04
WG01
TF Seat
TF Toxicity
TF FCCS
TF WG01
2015 2018
Revision of EN 45545-1 to 7
EN 45545:2018
EN 45545 Revision Schedule
UAP Enquiry (Unique Acceptance Procedure for amendments)
CEN Enquiry (Processing and distribution of a draft for CEN)
FV Enquiry (Editing and voting of a final draft )
EN 45545 amendments published in March 2015
EN “FCCS”:2018
Notes:Seat and Toxicity annexes are being separated from EN 45545-2, FCCS - Fire control and Containment Systems
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Global Outlook
Where is EN 45545 foreseen to be applied?
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• Overview based on customer ITT:s (Invitation to Tender)
• EN 45545 foreseen to replace the national standards currently specified in Asian, Pacific, Middle East and South American bids
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Objectives and Results, Opportunities and Challenges
Objective of the 2008/57/EC Directive
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Directive
2008/57/EC
“establishing a common approach to safety and interoperability rules to increase economies of scale for railway undertakings active across the EU; decreasing administrative costs and accelerating administrative procedures; and by avoiding disguised discrimination”
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Objectives and Results, Opportunities and Challenges
Meeting the safety objective – National Statistics
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68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95Années
Fire incidents in France 1968-95
Fire incidents in UK 2004-12
Fire Incidents • The trend show a decrease in
incidents since the introduction of the
national fire safety standards
• Decrease in incidents is also related to
the revision of electrical standards
Shall be kept in mind that: • Rail authorities operates trains on a
lifespan of up to 30-40 years
Meaning that part of the vehicle
fleets are not assessed in
accordance with the existing
standards or TSI regulations
Refurbishment programs
however bring existing fleets up
to speed by introducing products
compliant to the new standards
and norms
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Objectives and Results, Opportunities and Challenges
Meeting the safety objective – European Statistics
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Serious incidents in Europe 2006-2013
ERAIL Statistics 2005-2015: (Note that vandalism are excluded in the statistics)
• 83 fire in RS incidents since 2005
• 3 incidents with fatalities, 2 freight
trains, 1 passenger train which
entered into service prior to existing
TSI regulations and fire safety
standards
• Fire incidents constitutes 1 % of the
serious railway incidents in Europe
Fire in Rolling Stock Incidents
The European standard with its holistic
approach to fire safety is well suited to
further maintain high levels of safety
The statistics indicates that the ultimate
objective of enabling safe evacuation of
passengers and personnel is met
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Objectives and Results, Opportunities and Challenges
Overview of Authorisation Rules
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NTR – National Technical Rules, SC – Specific Cases
11th Annual Fire Protection of Rolling Stock Conference - 18.03.2015 - Berlin - Jonas Wedholm
TSI
LOC & PAS
Standards:
EN 45545
compliance EC declaration
of verification
NoBo assessment:
NTR:s
SC:s
compliance
NSA/DeBo assessment:
• NTRs are not permitted to supplement
TSIs regarding performance, nor repeat
requirements in the TSI:s
Note that the new TSI extends the scope to the whole European Network!
• Precondition for harmonisation and
synergies is an equal application of the
regulatory framework, such as LOC &
PAS TSI, EN 45545 etc. in all member
states, without additional requirements
on national level
Vehicle Authorised
for service
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Objectives and Results, Opportunities and Challenges
Challenges - Assessments of Design and Functions
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CSM – Common Safety Method, RAC-TS – Risk Acceptance Criteria for Train Systems
11th Annual Fire Protection of Rolling Stock Conference - 18.03.2015 - Berlin - Jonas Wedholm
A vehicle authorised
for service here Major risks currently seen and experienced: • Different views on aspects as Safety Integrity Levels on
functions imply project risks, especially as assessors often
have varying expectations
Fire detection and automated control functions
Functions for traction and brake control
• Different views on the methodology and application of methods
such as CSM and RAC-TS implies direct project risk for vehicle
manufacturers due to varying expectations and requirements
• Harmonisation is required to minimise differences and
project risks
EN 45545 - Functional and design requirements: The EN 45545 standard promotes safety through a holistic
approach in which design and functional requirements are as
important as material requirements
May it operate in service
here without risking design
alterations in another
assessment process?
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Objectives and Results, Opportunities and Challenges
Challenges
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A Changing market…
Past:
• Large state controlled operators with engineering departments
• Larger vehicle orders
More margin for customer specific designs
Less sensitive to risks from the authorisation process
Present and future:
• Mix of operators, local operators to national majors or global majors
• Operators move into procurement organisations with reliance on technical consultants
• Smaller operators perform joint procurements through consortiums
• Smaller vehicle orders
Dependent on harmonised standards and unification
Requires more standardised designs
Higher demands on the authorisation process
…Requires an effective regulatory framework
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Objectives and Results, Opportunities and Challenges
Opportunities in line with the objective
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NoBo – Notified Body, ISA – Independent Safety Assessor, IFE – Independent Fire Expert
11th Annual Fire Protection of Rolling Stock Conference - 18.03.2015 - Berlin - Jonas Wedholm
A common standard and base of requirements promotes:
• Innovations and new material technologies
Increased market with larger potential volumes
Lower cost for product development and certification
• An increased supplier base
Through fewer entry barriers
Increased market with volumes worth investing in Outlook promotes a global market
• Efficient engineering
Can fully utilise the strengths of a global organisation (sharing of knowledge, best practices etc.)
Can develop harmonised design solutions for a global market
Can optimise the products further and thereby also the performance over time
• A harmonised authorisation process
1. Common requirements for verification promotes a common understanding of the level of detail
required when demonstrating compliance
2. Promotes less varying requirements from assessors as NoBo:s, ISA:s and IFE:s
3. Promotes reproducible assessment results
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Objectives and Results, Opportunities and Challenges
Opportunities – Tooling Initiatives within BT - ELSA
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Establish a global database for material management
– RAM/LCC data
– fire safety certificates and test reports
– Ecodesign data, etc.
Objective:
– Pre-approve and list suitable materials for use in projects through filtering capabilities
– Support the development of project deliverables
– Support sharing of information globally between sites and projects
– Enable suppliers to provide data through a online supplier portal accessible through a web interface
In anticipation of the online supplier portal
can fire safety certificates and product
data be supplied to:
Project data from 3 projects, 14 different insulation materials used or evaluated for use
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What does Bombardier do to Support the Introduction?
Design and Build Trains
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FLEXITY 2 TRAXX AC3
V300ZEFIRO Aventra
C30 Metro
Omneo
ET490
• Locomotives
• Trams
• Metros
• Intercity / Regional Trains
• Double Deck Trains
• High Speed Trains
Existing vehicle platforms are analysed on a project-to
project basis and a few vehicle platforms are being
transitioned to full EN 45545 compliance (materials)
Vehicle platforms designed to CEN/TS, prEN, or EN 45545:
New vehicle platforms are in general being
developed in accordance with EN 45545
Talent 2
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What does Bombardier do to Support the Introduction
Standardisation through UNIFE
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Harmonised templates established:
• UNIFE EN 45545 FCIL template – When declaring combustible materials and their test reports
• Manufacturer Declaration template – “When prolonging the validity period of test reports”
http://www.unife.org/standardisation/53-fire-safety-tg.html
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UNIFE Initiatives
Fire Certificate Inventory List - EN 45545 FCIL
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• Enables the industry to use one format for declaring combustible materials:
Contractual deliverables in projects
Authorisation processes
• A standardised format provides benefits as
Continuous quality improvement over time
Also establishes a common acceptance level in the industry (level of detail required)
Note: The template share the same BOM level structure as the UNIFE MDT template (EcoDesign)
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UNIFE Initiatives
Manufacturer Declaration
“in case there is no change in the product characteristics and manufacturing process, and no change in the requirements (TSI), it is not required to perform new testing of this material; the certificate needs only to be updated regarding its date of issue”
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TSI LOC & PAS, 4.2.10.2.1 Material requirements:
• Template for extending the validity period of fire certificates
• One manufacturer declaration per product or product series
Major change in the TSI !
Manufacturer Declaration:
Prerequisites for an extension of the validity period:
• no change in the product characteristics or composition of the
material
• no change in the manufacturing process
• test certificates shall be listed in the declaration
• tests shall be issued by labs accredited to ISO 17025
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What can the Industry do to Ease the Introduction?
What is a vehicle project?
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• The design parameters depend on;
Legislative requirements, standards and norms
Infrastructure and operational environment
– Tunnel lenghts and evacuation capabilities
– Supply line system and voltages
– Climate challenges
Customer requirements
– Design
– Comfort
– EcoDesign (REACH, controlled substances, etc.)
– RAMS
– Mission profile and operation mode (automatic)
A vehicle project is essentially a 2-3 year optimisation problem
Where the design, functional requirements and materials are adapted to
the specific conditions applicable for the project
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What can the Industry do to Ease the Introduction?
With regards to fire safety certificates
In the optimisation problem a few parameters can be removed if
product data and compliant certification are readily available
Fire Safety and Ecodesign data are two of these parameters
Full fire safety certification and Ecodesign documentation, such as
MSDS and MDT data, enable products to be pre-approved for
vehicle projects
Pre-approved products enable the vehicle manufacturers to focus
on other aspects, such as optimisation of weight, durability,
acoustic, thermodynamic requirements,etc.
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What can the Industry do to Ease the Introduction?
With regards to fire safety certificates
Suppliers of products or base materials:
– Full certification of the products where test results are shown in the reports
– Tested for the thinnest and thickest application supplied (where applicable)
– Indicative tests of the product even though end use testing is required
– Take responsibility for the validity period of certificates if products are supplied to the industry
– Beneficial to make the data available online
System suppliers
– Use and maintain data on the UNIFE FCIL for the scope of supply
– Test reports available and maintained with regards to validity periods
Consortium contracts
– Use the UNIFE templates to share data between stakeholders
Authorisation
– Use the UNIFE templates when assessing compliance to the fire behavior requirements
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What can the Industry do to Ease the Introduction?
With regards to small electrotechnical components
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Opportunity: 3rd party Certification through Underwriters Laboratories QPL Database • Safety consulting and certification company
• Issuer of industry safety standards for electrical and electronic products
• The standards require the same test method for flammability tests
• Maintains a Qualified Product List where certified products or materials are listed in a database
• Identification details required: UL File Number: E41871
Commercial reference: KR4205, C3U
• Fire Classification Required:
UL 94: V0
• Deliverables:
Data listed in the UNIFE FCIL
Datasheets provided (Yellow Card)
Demonstration of Compliance:
Requirements in EN 45545-2:
Datasheet
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SUMMARY & CONCLUSIONS
• Statistics demonstrate that the existing regulatory framework meet the safety objectives
• The new regulatory framework responds to the need of a changing market
• The framework increase the economies of scale while promoting competition
• A harmonised standard tear down the barriers to entry and increase the potential market
• Fewer barriers to entry and higher potential volumes are foreseen to attract new suppliers
• An increased market promotes safety through new innovations and material technologies
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However, a precondition for interoperability and synergies is an equal application of
the regulatory framework in all member states, without adding additional
requirements on national level, and by striving for reproducible authorisation results
• We at Bombardier embrace the possibilities and synergies that follows with the framework
• We support harmonisation through UNIFE with initiatives as the FCIL and Manufacturer Declaration
• We support safety and harmonisation by active participation in the technical committeés
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Q&A ?
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