Overview of League Cosmos Ancient History

League Cosmos History is roughly divided into four periods. The firstperiod is the planetary histories of the four League homeworlds priorto the First Human Federation (hf1). The second is dated from theFirst Human Federation or early nonFTL space travel. The third is thesecond Human Federation or late nonFTL space travel. The fourth periodis the FTL space culture of League Cosmos.

Very little direct evidence is known about the early history off thefour homeworlds. This much is known at about -200,000 years on eachhomeworld humankind appeared. For this to happen on four differentworlds without a planetary ancestor to tie evolution means thathumankind was delivered, not home grown. Yet no evidence has everbeen found of transport technology. All evidence points to the factthat human kind was left on each homeworld, only with the tools ofmind and body.

The dates are measured from the first formal meeting ofthe four, the first Human Federation of the worlds.

Description of the Ground 3 System

It has a yellow main sequence star with the luminosity of 1.52084times of a solar star. There are three planets in this system.

The first is a mecurial rock with no moons. The second is a Cythiancooker with a dense atmosphere. The third is the Ground-3 home world.Ground3 has two moons, each a palentoid in its own right. The firstmoon has a radius of 3314 kilometers and a .69 density. It has athin, but hospitable atmosphere. Lifeforms include a chain of flyingreptiles. There are proliferous borad leaf plants (as there are onthe second moon and Ground3 itself, a nice case of parallelevolution/permutation).

This and the second moon become important when space flight isdiscoveredby the Grow3sians. The second moon is even larger than thefirst, also having a hospitable but thinish atmosphere. The top ofthe native biological chain is inhabited by land roving reptiles.

There are subtantial oceans and considerable natural resources onthese moons.

Ground3 itself, is mostly water. Large and small islands make up theplanets land mass. There are seven clusters of islands in thetemperate region and several other clusters in the colder belts. Theplanethas a radius of 10,006 kilometers with a density of 0.852. Thisis not the densist of planets. There are ample resources of everykind on both the islands and beneath the seas.

Unlike the moons, sea going mammals head the top of the biologicalchain. The most intelligent of this sea life has rudimentry smartsand a 2500 "word" vocabulary.

Native Growthresians are known for their copius body hair. Theircomplexion ranges from fair to dark skinned. The women have a tuft offacial hair at the end of their chin. The female Growthresian beard

is always a cause for unique fashion and cosmetic.

-200,000 HumFed1 through -7,800 HumFed1

As with all home system origins, the Growthresians were deliveredwithout evidence of the delivery craft. They were also deliveredwithout technology. Indirect evidence shows that the attempts toinhabit the outer regions often met with death. Whether the causeswere a lack of food supply, medically related or what, is not known.It certain that the death of the outers was not caused by warfare.This is thought to be the only instance of a "delivery miscarriage" inpaleo homeworld histories.

Those landing in what is thought to be the central islands must havelived off the oceans supply of food. Fruits and small animals made upa second food source. The building of small boats foes back to theearliest part of paleo history.

There are several large canoe ships that date to -199,000 years intothe planetary histories past. Several villages of sunstantial sizehave been found (up to 10,000 inhangitants spread over a valley) atthe height of the "Near Coast Migrations" (Circa -80,000 HumFed1).

Patterns show that Growthresians navigated to closer key islands on aregular basis ( circa -19,000 Humfed One). The close routes definethe early paleoculture of several distinct groupings. The onlywriting from this period are pictograms carved on boats. Leaguepaleohistorians attribute a common mythology to what ever deliveredthe Growthresians. From these they try to draw parallels betweenGroundOne, GroundTwo and Mentonian symbology. The findings of thepaleohistorians is by no means universally accepted in current dayLeague social science.

This Growthresian culture had two growing dynamic forces. Farming ofthe land was not seen as practical or useful. But during the middlepaleohistorical there is evidence that larger settlements in someareas have domesticated sea life. In turn marine and plant farmingwas developed. It was successful and lead to an increase in theGrowthresian population.

In the late paleohistorical period, writing develops and paper is madefrom multiple sources. A common language develops in two areas. Thefirst, Sorn, or "Those that guided the circle", is ruled by chiefs whobring in the moist wealth and send their representitives to a council(most likely their relatives, but not always). The second commonlanguage, Tilzen, or "sea masters", are ruled by a religious oligarchythat gains members strictly by primogeniture.

A common means of trade emerges iiof diverse "monies". Ships arebuilt around the harbor of a safe city. They were confusing inpattern and protected the central area by its mazes.

The Sorn lauch a "counted fleet of ships" in the name of the circle.Large scale trade routes are establishedi by the Sorn. On these theytrade and collect tribute from smaller settlements. Presumablysettlements on the large route are also protected.

The Tilzen were not the economic masters that the Sorn were, but madegreater advances in sciences and the arts. They made accurate

recordings of wind and sea currents. They also had a good knowledgeof metalyrgy. Their knowledge of meteorology seems to be connectedwith their language.

-7,800 hf1 through -7,400 hf1

Contact is made between the two sea cultures. There are recordedtales of two other great sea voyages. One concerns a Glar (largefurry whale like animal) that leads a group of sailing ships to anisland where people do not get sick or age and learn to breath waterlike a fish. Both the Sorn and the Tlizen anthromorphized waves,winds, storms, fog banks and oceanic elements of nature. Also in thisperiod there emerge several smaller centers of power that offermilitary resistance to the two sea cultures.

The mythology of the era suggests that the Sorn were the dominantgroup over the Tilzen.

-7,400 hf1 through -4,981 hf1

Each of the stop points along the trading routes of the Sorn developinto city centers. The power of the Sorn becomes more decentralizedand eventually the trade routes are trimmed and controlled by lessersea cultures. They are numerous, having their own language and set ofspecific traditions.

The means of economic exchange consists of a number of different localdenominatons.

For the first time in Growthresian written history, a slave keepingculture is described by the authors of the time. This slave cultureremains a local phenomenon.

The Tilzen culture dissapears during this period. Epic tales from thistime tell of an immense hoarde of "pirates" with deities that send theTilzen to a land that no one could sail to. Analysis bypaleohistorians claim there is evidence of a war but the dispersal islikely due to change in weather and massive failure of sea farms.

Towards the end of this rather ecclectic and diverse period anenduring tradiition develops among some of the Growthreesian cities ofinter city athletic compitition.

-4,981 hf1 through -4,927 hf1

Several large trading organizations evolve. These are different fromthe former two great sea cultures in that they are not based inspecific geographic locations. Techological artifacts from the periodindicate that the range and capacity of the sailing ports increased.In addition to these technological changes, chart making andnavigation (astronomy) improved considerably.

Each of the sea trading organizations sent a representitive to one ofthe numerous councils. At first the councils are informal but laterthey solidify ithrough diverse military, economic and political means.

The meetings of various councils then became part of the city-by cityatheletic competitions. This competition rapidly became acouncil-by-council competition. Then the final transformation comes

when the meeting of the councils elects a king ofthe lands and seas.And there ends up being more than one king because there are more thanone council compition.

It is peculiar that each of these "kings" is not considered to be aresident ofa particular geography, but the "entire sea". Theathlectic compition becomes a central event in determining theparticular kings nobility. A s can be guessed, some the compitionsare lethal.

There is an epic tale om Growthresian history dating from this period.It is about a trader and his wife who enter into a competition tosupport the wives brother as the king of the ocean. One of the famouspassages tells of a boat speeding to victory with the heroes whitehair flowing in the wind with his wives silver-white beard flowing inthe wind and the contrast of the two in the whitecapped surf. Theyare able to win the race by removing all their valuables from the boatand making it faster that their opponents. There was supposition offamily intrigue leading up to the race.

-4917 hf1 through -3,168 hf1

Eventually the council and the games become ceremonial. There is afamous written documentfrom the period known as "the Blanket" that isthe first instance in Growthresian history on the posibility ofuniversal government (as a philosophical tract). Also, attention isgiven to airable land in the late Sea King period. There is largescale use of land agriculture during this time and an associatedincrease in population density.

-3,618 hf1 through -3,228 hf1

The Sea Kings have imploded into three consortiums. The formalaspects of the monarchy are no longer in existence. A circumventionof the entire planet by boat during this priod is accomplished byAlnex. It is the first known world voyage in GrowThresian history.Alenx was able to finish where he started due to his preciseinstruments and is famous for many writings, including ancientastronomy.

The history of the next 800 years are dominated by a slow methodicalgrowth of the three groups: the Reinexians, Correst and Bufipen. Alsothere is a spread of "high tech", long distance and bad weathersailing techinques.

Arts from this era are often focused on what are known as Sea CityBuildings where murals are hand carved and rare very intricatecarvings of boats. These carvings represent the divine guidance oftheir boats from the deity of Colected Light.

-3,228 hf1 through -2,461 hf1

Balkanization of the Reinexians and the Bufipen becomes noteworthy ona global scale. Global and local enconomies. Piracy rises and iscommon in certain locales. The Corest turn to an autotocracy. The isthe closest oragnization to an empire that exists in Growthresianhistory. The first heavily fortified cities arrise during a time whenwarefare was almost always decided on the open sea.

Corest ships according to one poet:

The boats are on the water of our worldcan see from the bottoms greenthe starfinder, captain and animal friendkiss each other under stars and which go to every lands places

Thus there was an increase in the capability of military technology.There was a coherent attempt of the Corest to enforce their autocracyof "all known islands (grounds)". The official writings of the Corestdominions speak of the "battle against piracy". Ships flee the knownislands to those unkown in less hospitable areas. Interestinglyenough the tradition of the "council" is preserved by these oftendesperate settlers.

By -2461 every possible inhabitable island on Ground Three has beensettled. There are a number of groups that live "permanently at sea".

-2,461 hf1 through -1,796 hf1

As the Corest Autocracy permutes, the more traditional groups ofrmwhat is later known as the Time of Solid Trade Routes. There is anincrease of warefare with "independents" and a diverse economicoligarchy controls the sea lanes for nearly 700 years.

Technology during the Solid Trade period does not changesignificantly. These are wooden ships that sail the trade lanes.

The Glar (op cited: a whale like creature with some intelligence andcommunicaton ability) are trained and become the beacons of the ocean.The Glars migratory patterns are well known. The Glar recognizeindividual ships and even humans on them. The Glar know a few basicphases like cold, wind, sun, light. This is the Golden Age ofpreIndustrial Ground3 history.

-1,796 hf1 through -1,333 hf1

The oligarchy of the trade line decentralizes into several culturalunits. These units of government are the nearest facsimile to nationstates in GrowThresian history. Some of the specific culturesemphasize efficiency and organization (the proprietary emphasis ofships is more pronounced during the quasi national period ofGrowThreasian history; the Tubex and the Meetfor culture. It does notchange much. The "cultures" are oragnic units of trading people, eachwith its own set of customs.

-1,333 hf1 through -967 hf1

-1333 is documented as the year of Ise monetary exchange - atranscultural currency. Also in this period the first primitiveprinting presses are invented. Until that time, all letters andbookswere elaborately hand written in a number of island specificforms.

Clandestine organizations form against the Cultures. The evolution ofthis planets collectivist bureaucracy spawns illegal organizationsopposing it. This time the oligarchy with currency control, is landbased. Sailors and boats are are subservient to them. Cultural

literature of the period has stories about boats that have disavowedtheir owners and "iced". The term refers to aship running to thecoldestregions. Then the ship starves, but is free from theoligarchy.

The myth of the Icers is a recuring theme in Growthresian history. In-967 there is a successful "Icer" rebellion and they form a basedgroup in the icelands. The Icers survive after internal strife andbickering and. They also withstand the repeated military failures bythe Merchantile cultures to destroy them. New boat councils areorganized that have thier roots all the way back to the Sea Kings inthe Icer poles. The Icers are known for their inefficientorganization, but highly inovative worldview and fierce loyalty totheir cause.

-967 hf1 through -537 hf1

The icer revolution opens the door for the industrial era inGrowThresian history. This is an uninterrupted move towards thecollected Ground3 peoples achievement of (what is assumed by mostLeague historians) the most robust prefederation star system activityin preFederation 1 ancient history.

In many areas Icers are victorious either politically or militarilyover the mercantile cultures. In some spheres of infulence theymerged, compromising each others influence. There are a number ofinstances of oligarchical representitive democracies during thistransition.

Urban industrial cities arrise in a number of areas. These make thefoundation of the true Growthreesian megalopolis. Due to the fightingbetween the various factions of Icers and Mercantile Cultures,accurate cannons and guns are invented and produced.

By -800 various engines are produced. The oceans remains thelifeblood of the planetary culture after the rise of the metropolises.

The first advancements in techonologies are applied to simpleautomation of sea harvesting. And in -780 the first metal boats aremanufactured.

With urbanization comes an increase in the political power ofHarvester Combines in the various systems. These Harvester Combinesintroduce an efficiency not previously exibited in the Icer tradition.

Circa -600 is the birth of ancient physics. The period event istypically centered around Araxian Promox, a physicist of renoun thatbuilt an early optical telescope. Medical knowldege increases andlife spans increase. -580 ushers the discovery of radio techonolgy.Telescopes turn their lenses towards the two moons to reveal land andocean details.

-537 hf1 through -396 hf1

The unprecedented explosion of technology and science continues. Inthe sphere of economic there is a hardening of the dichotomy betweensea industry and island industry.

-533 atomic power is discovered simultaneuosly by several governments.

Some of the weapons are used in conflicts. After These incidentsthere is a shift in loyalities. Disunifying tendencies arediscouraged. There is a reaction against atomic power and its use.This turns into a "colletive mythology" and strong populism formdemocratic tendencies.

The leaders of this new democracy are "boat people" or the strongcontingents of the sea industry. Their charisma overshadows manyisland traditions. The boat masters function much like sea goingsyndicates. Conflict continues at sea over the accruel of wealth andpower. It is typical for these Families to control powerful oceanbased radio broadcasters.

-396 hf1 through -353 hf1

-396 hf1 the first permanent satelilites are launched into space. Severalfamilies led by Paytox, form a powerful space exploration syndicate.Rocket probes are sent to the two moons and the moons secrets are nowexposed to Ground 3.

It turns out that five space travelling syndicates are organized bythe families. There is a threat of nuclear blackmail during one ofthe colonization efforts of the moons. This leads to a period ofpsychological conformity among the families, which is known as theFamily Serenity movement.

-371 hf1 the colonization of the moons is complete and a space stationcircles Ground-3 with a population of over 100 people.

Concurrent with the Family Serenity Movement is the resurgence of HolyLife of the Sea, as a modified monotheism. Humanity has embarked onthe sea of the Cosmos and the Glar (likened to angels) guide metalships around the sun.

(From this point on the timeline Ground3 history is considered to partof the early history of the First Human Federation).

Description of the Ground1 System

It has a K2 star as the primary with a luminosity of .28387 (writersnote: of our sol). There are four planets in the system. The first,where human life was delivered in an unknown way, has a radius of6,091 kilometers, and escape velocity of 1.03 gs, a density of 1.12(gm note: as normalized to earth) and a mass of 1.126. Ground1 is.7628*10**8 kms from the primary and has a mean temperature of 301degrees Kelvin so its a bit on the warm side. There is onemegacontinent with a massive inner desert. Small polar caps exist.The atmosphere is "normal" with a high content of CO2.

The second planet has nonintelligent indiginous lifeforms. It has aradius of 9,898 kloms, a escape velocity of 2.99 and a temp of 267 K.It is .9715*10**8 kms from the primary. The third planet has nonintelligent indiginous lifeforms. It has aradius of 8,174 kloms, an escape vol of 2.32 and a temp of 242 K (sortof a heavy "Hoth"). It is .1175*10**9 kms from the primary.

The fourth planet is a gas giant (with no moons). It is .3387*10**9kloms from the primary.

The History of Ground1 prior to the first Federation

-200,000 hf1 to -8,500 hf1: Is a period of survival, hunting,gathering and primitive agriculture. Genetic drift causes Gr1ians tobe characterized by dark black skin and golden blond, red blond orplatinum blond skin. Gr1ians had (have) fairly good night visionbecause the of the K2 orange sun.

The earliest agricultural areas and subsequent urban implosion can befound the more hospitable east cost of the planets single continent.Social scientists state that as early as -35,000 hf1 there is evidenceof small fortified cities, but these were either destroyed by naturalcauses or warfare. There are no direct written records from thisperiod other than clay tablets used for counting and a few picturesdepicting stylized scenes.

-8,500 hf1 to -7,350 hf1: The first pictogram writing appears.Metalugry is known. There are permanent fortified villeges. Thebeginnings of the first true cities can be seen. Religion of the timeis the personification of natural events into male and female gender.Eventually rulers of these villeges associate themselves with naturalforces and become protectors of the "Nurreen" (the first named peopleon Ground1 and the first known language). The villege rulers successor failure depended on successful crops and the successful defense ofthe villege from nomadic tribes from the northwest, southwest coastsand the desert. There is evidence of trade between the villeges butno formal currency is known.

-7,350 hf1 to -6,923 hf1: Engineering and primitive mathematicsemerge. The first walled and fortified cities that contain enduringstructures appear. The first boats are made, but sea travel is rarebecause of predatory creatures in the ocean. Under the city lordrulers there is a first scientific revolution. The old deities of theNureen give way to the protector and fertility deities of the Direen.Direen is a major philogical root of of Gr1ian ancient language.

-6,923 hf1 to -5,918 hf1: The nomadic tribes outside the ancientGr1ian city states are able to effectively organize themselves intothree loose confederations. Under Rig the Conquerer the countrysideoutside the city states is plundered. Crop production isinconsistent. Some cities fall, others become a shadow of theirformer state. Science stagnates as there is about a thousand yearperiod of constant warfare between the warlords. Not all city statesfall to the warlords. Several of the city state leaders chose tobrave the terrors of the ocean and move some of their culture to theislands off the coast of the main continent. The sailors thesesurviving states became proficient in avoiding and fighting thepredatory creatures. The warlord confederations were not particularlyinterested in ocean sailing and only made minimal efforts to plunderthe coastal city states. Thus the once feared sea became thepreserver of ancient Gr1ian culture.

-5,918 hf1 to -4,650 hf1: The activity of warlords transforms fromplunder to mercantile trade. The cities start to grow once again andflorish. But the caste of merchants and the militia control thecountryside and the main economy. There are still minor conflicts

between each mercantile confederation, but the protocol for trade iswell defined. During this period the first currency for exchangeemerges. Old coastal city states now have a culture that is deeplyritualized, that is new cultural dynamics came from the merchantconfederations.

-4,650 hf1 to -2,461 hf1: Political and economic domination is onceagain centered on the city states as the merchant caste no longerbases its power in the countryside. This period is often called theNodiree Secularism. The now transformed urban merchant caste is ableto better support itself by modest gains in the output of agriculture.This is coupled with the slow growth of primitive sciences. Duringthis entire 2000 period there are skirmishes between each group ofalliances. The most important alliance, the Nodir reached its peak atabout -2,940 hf1.

-2,461 hf1 to -1,982 hf1: As is often the case in Gr1ian history, anew leader and religion emerge from countryside and inhabited regionof the great desert. El-lee-ah-low became prince of the agriculturalcastes, who were able to assert their power mostly due to significantimprovements in farming. They were able to develop primitiveirrigation techniques and use land that was never used before. Tomatch the country princes economic base, he represented a new religionof enlightment, the laws of Terone. Many consider this to be thefirst monotheist religion in Gr1ian history. After El-lee-ah-lowsdeath his followers (many who were considered "nobility") codified thelaws of Terone into the Teronium.

By -2,183 the Teronium Empire had reached all but the coastal citystates. Each city state fell via military or economic means. Whatdeveloped was a was dual ruling caste system. The old city statecastes retained their power but had to share it with the newagricultural castes of Terone. The old city state castes maintainedtheir mercantile roots. By -2,096 certain addictive drugs werediscovered by the mercantile castes which caused the 100 years DrugWar. The Teronium religion developed heresies that used the drugs intheir rituals and undermined the orthodoxys power in many areas.Certain city states monopolized the drug trade and armed conflictbroke out in the empire. The core of opposition to the hedonisticheretics came from the old coastal areas. Thus the 100 year drug warbecame essentially a 8onflict of coast and orthodoxy versus inland andheresy. This was also a period of ship building (due to the wars).

-1,982 hf1 to -1,493 hf1: it takes about 60 years for the TeronianEmpire (a.k.a the Great Inland Empire) to subdue and control thecoastal cities. The coastal cities, led by the city of Da'Koreenembark on a new wave of colonization and ship building. The newsailor caste becomes the dynamic repository of learning and culture.The first recorded instance of a group of ships circu m navigating theGr1ian megacontinent.

-1,493 hf1 to -1,125 hf1: The first organized rebellion of the lowercastes in the Inland Empire. The cultural impetus for the rebellionis a new religion that teaches the creation of a holy land for thedowntrodden right this year in the Teronian Empire. Executed leadersbecome martyrs and saints. The religion makes its way into the lowerranks of the military. On -1,422.035 hf1 there is a general rebellionin the city of Em-Da'Teer that rapidly spreads through the empire.The bloody rebellion lasts for over 40 years and the caste system is

effectively destroyed in the Teronian Empire. There is a period ofcivil war and chaos that lasts for nearly 150 years before there is aconsistant social structure.

The sailor colonies remain the repository of culture and science.Among the sailors are many educators and scientists that slowly expandthe technology that allows a relative economic comfort.

-1,125 hf1 to -1,103 hf1: The sailor colonies form an oligarchy basedon "democracy within family prestige". Depending on a familieswealth, scientific, or cultural contribution, they get a certainweight vote in the Sealands Commonwealth. Scientific knowledgeblossums. Accurate astronomy is invented. The printing press isinvented. Economic surplus is based on both a land and ocean economy.The first steam powered engines are built. There are early formalsystems for mathematics and physics developing.

There is a large quantity of recorded music that comes from the sailorcolonies. Typically this music consisted of wind instruments thatwere used to create arpegios backed by a second wind instrument thatmade a droaning sound. Music from this period was influential onGr1ian planetary music.

-1,103 hf1 to -920 hf1: The Republic of the 10 Rebellions is born outof the chaos of the Inland Empires fall. The population increases,technology and agriculture are imported from Sealands Commonwealth.Some parts of the old Inland Empire become the subject states of theSealands Commonwealth (on the coast extending far around the entiremegacontinent). The Republic of the 10 is able to establish itself asa budding industrial bureaucracy.

-920 hf1 -878 hf1: RepublicoTen builds railways and mining into thedesert expanses of the desert on the megacontinent. Earliermonotheistic religions in culture give way to the cult of the greatpolitical leader/conquerer. There are two hundred years of warfareamong RepuTen, new subject interior colonies, and the SealandsCommonwealth. Many of the coastal subject states are conquered byDa-Towanian, a great RepuTen military genius.

Consider a brief character description of Da-Towanian. "He inspiredloyalty among his troops as he road from encampment to encampment viasteam locomotive or (a camal-horse like) beast. He claimed to havevisions. Analysts claim is fanatical belief in Reputen destiny camefrom his impoverished childhood and subsequent rise to leadership. Hehad the foible of faithfully recording all his dreams. These make aninteresting study in itself. Da-Towanian was a belligerent politicianbut he seemed to judge those he chose to be close to him well. He hadcompetent social philosophers.

-878 hf1: Sealands commonwealth builds iron ships that are steampowered. But the RepuTen is brought in check not by military means,but by its own social explosion and cultural discontinuity.

-877 hf1 to -709 hf1: There is a (another) rebellion in RepuTen andassociated period of instability. The Sealands common wealth now isunder is own cult of the charismatic leader. The net result of thisand other factors is a general loss and repression of science andphilosophy. The commonwealth is frozen in the early-middle industrial

revolution.

-709 hf1 to -560 hf1: The Sealands empire and parts of the ol Reputenbecome the republic of Gobainia. The other parts of Reputen and alllands on the megacontinent to the north and north west of Reputenbecome the republic of Garelia. And some parts of Reputen and alllands on the megacontinent to the south and south west of Reputenbecome the republic of Olatia. These three republics become thecultural units in Gr1ian planetary history and the three languagescount among the old planetary languages in the League Cosmos.

-560 hf1 to -520 hf1: Syndicates of manufacturers control each of thethree republics. With the rise of the syndicates from the dark age ofthe rebellion (that destroyed the commonwealth and Reputen) emphasisis placed on industrial culture and efficiency. Under this culturaldicta science and technology once again start to florish. There isthe development of a planetary economy taking place.

-520 hf1 to -483 hf1: As easy resources dwindle and as"underdeveloped" areas dry up economic competition develops betweenthe three nations. There are rapid developments in early modernphysics and medical science. Many of the inland deserts once uselessare now used to efficiently produce foods. There are distinctpolitical behaviors for each of the oligarchies for the three nations.Olatia emphasizes the latent religious destiny of their government,Gobainia claims to have a "government of the producers". Gareliaclaims to have "equality to become the elite". Each of theseoligarchies discovers the techniques of modern propaganda. Theirarmies are now mechanized.

Human behavior is considered now to be a subject of scientific study.And each country now has a nationalistic art form. Garelia is knownfor its contrasting style, a strange mix of realism and abstraction.Gobainia has what could be described as romanticized realism (NormanRockwell like?). Olatia has a nonsecular formalism of miniaturedetail peculiar to their own culture. This Olatian art is consideredto be the most unique of the period.

-483 hf1 to -458 hf1: There is the first planetary war on Ground1.Aviation is discovered and used. The radio is invented and used.

-458 hf1 to -439 hf1: The war is finished and Gobainia is the victorover the other two oligarchies. Technically they are the planetarygovernment, but the their victory is Phyric.

-429 hf1 to -380 hf1: Gobainia Nation experiments with rockets,astrophysics as a science is developed. Serious schisms developwithin the Gobain Producers Party (the government). The two waringfactions align certain areas of the planet and engage in the secondplanetary war. Atomics are used in this war, but fortunately they arein their relative infancy. Many cities are destroyed and about 5% ofthe planets population is killed in this "war to make peace andfreedom". The once world government and party now "degenerates" intoa decentralized pacifist collection of smaller states. There is areaction against the evils of technology.

-380 hf1 to -369 hf1: The dislike of technology on Ground1 starts tothaw. The fourteen councils of the former Gobainian Nation forms anorganization for the purpose of space exploration and satellite

launches are planned. The postwar thaw is a period of tremendousintellectual growth in Gr1ian history. Social scientists and physical scientists combine all intellectualdisciplines to try to "objectively control their future". This isalso a period of great toleration among peoples.

-369 hf1 to -360 hf1: Rocket experiment commences. Radio astronomy isdeveloped. -360 hf1: a message is received from Ground2 andrecognized as a message from an intelligent lifeform. This is thefirst human-to-human contact in League history, and the origin of theHuman Federation and ultimately the League. Immediate plans are madefor a Ground1-to-Ground2 computer message. The signal from Ground2was not intentionally a broadcast. Space program motivation isintensified. The language that the message from Ground2 is decypheredand it is discovered that their word for home planet is also "Ground".

(From this point on the timeline Ground1 history is considered part ofthe early history of the First Human Federation)

Description of the Ground2 System

It has a F5 pale yellow main sequence star as the primary. Theluminosity is 2.75129 (normalized to our sol) units. There are threeplanets in the system and no moons. The first planet is massive and hot. Only inert gases are left inthe atmosphere. It has a radius of 11,400 kloms, an escape vol of2.73 gs and a mean temp of 450 Kelvin. It is 0.1061*10**9 kms fromthe primary.

The second planet is smaller and hot. Only inert gases are left inthe atmosphere. It has a radius of 5220 kloms, an escape vol of .88gs and a mean temp of 355 Kelvin. It is 0.1704*10**9 kloms from theprimary The third planet is where human life was delivered. It has a radiusof 7685 kloms, a density of 2.99 and a mass of 1.0427. Ground2 is0.2311*10**9 kloms from the primary and has a mean temperature of 305kelvin.

This planet is also a bit on the warm side. There are ample oceansand three major continents. Small polar ice caps exist. Theatmosphere is nearly "normal" for humans.

About .6*10**13 kloms from the primary is a blue subgiant. With aluminosity of 239637.734 units, even at that distance it always showsbright as a full moon. Ground2 is rarely in darkness. The dimsunlight nearly always baths the planet each night. The History ofGround2 prior to the first Human Federation

-200,000 hf1 to -8,300: as it is with all with the four home worlds,the original human inhabitants of Ground2 had at best late stone agetools. Hunting was never practiced extensively in Gr2ian paleohistorybecause there isn't that much to hunt. Fish and large insects are ashigh as the food chain goes. The indigenous plantlife is bodacious tosay the least. It is not surprising that early Gr2ian polytheisticreligions were centered around the gathering of various fruits and

vegetables. The genetic drift of the Gr2ians (coupled with the highgravity of the planet) causes them to be muscular, stout and short.

-8,300 hf1 to -7,550 hf1: agriculture develops in several major areason all three continents. From small towns the first cities appear.These cities are nothing more than food collection centers to beginwith, but later become walled collections of domociles with a presetplan of where certain buildings are located in each enclosuredepending on the function. There are two "super" collections ofdomociles in this period. One on each continent and each with adifferent written language. There is some contact by early sailingvessels, but they not substantial. In both cradles of civilization acollection of priests form a caste and direct the agriculturalreligion of the land. The first area , Greagin, the emphasis is onagricultural fertility and weather cycles. The Nefrees civilization,on a different continent, the agricultural priests are semideifiedsecretary/ bookkeepers.

It is known that early Greagi had elaborate rituals dedicated to theKath Pantheon. Priests would wander into proto agricollectives atnight during light from the "eye of the universe" (the blue subgiantin the cosmic neighborhood) guiding them. The collection of foodstuff was ritualized and holy. On the other hand the early Nefreesexcelled in bookkeeping and probably had primitive formal arithmetic.

-7,550 hf1 to -7,100 hf1: Greagin is a ritualized society. Aneffective caste system develops, separated into several functionalgroups. The farmers and collectors are considered holy and form theirown caste in the countryside. The wield considerable power. There isa caste of merchants that deal with the farmers and the other castesin the city. There is a caste of formal priests who control the powerof language of writing and have the power to institute new castes.There are a new caste of builders and engineers. This group is ableto build sailing vessels in sufficient numbers for the warrior casteto invade the Nefree civilization on the second continent.

Greagin is triumphant and the first Greagin Empire is established. In the middle Greagi Empire the written language became welldefined. From this period we have some of our earliest writtenliterature. There is the story of Teloga, a daughter from the casteof builders that is able to visit the Eye of the Universe and becomeinvisible. Unfortunately the story is not complete, but from thefragments that we do have she is able to return to her city, andbecause she cannot be seen in daylight (there are passages where shedoes does give off a shadow from the light of the Eye of the Universe)she is able to spy on her friends and discover their secret lives.There are a couple of endings known to her story. One she finds outthat her father is secretly having an affair with her favorite auntand then becomes so despondent she returns to the eye neve to be seenagain. In a second ending she meets a deity and is forced to use herpower for his service. In the defeated Nefree civilization the priests become part of theengineering caste of the victors. Ship buiding continues to grow andlarge monument building takes place. Within each caste their are aset of titles and duties. Also within each caste there are poor,destitute and the outcast. They have defamed titles.

-7,100 hf1 to -6,680 hf1: In the western Greagin Empire steady linesof trade continue to develop between the former Nefree civilizationand the primary Greagin civilization. Then there are explorationsfrom the East Greagin into new lands. This becomes an adjunct to theGreagin Empire and calls itself the lands of New Sun. Ritualizationand caste structure is similar to that of Greagi. There areiconoclasts in the priest caste that institute a rite of religiousrebelliion. At this same time there is the origin of New Sunmysticism (these are both recorded as religious heresies).

-6,680 hf1 to -6,320 hf1: New Sun Empire builds ships and starts toexplore lands of the sun to the east. Because of the great forestsseparating New Sun and the Greagi they are able to break away with aminimum of warfare. This period is the height of the Greagin Empire.

The Greagin empire supplies Gr2ian history with its first transcribedmusic. Tones are represented quasi-mathematically by symbolsrepresenting short stick like strokes. Percussive rhythms arerepresented by dots (defining the timing or rhythm of the music).Undoubtedly this music was strongly rhythmatic, possibly the "notes"made by tonal rhythm instruments.

-6,320 hf1 to -6,019 hf1: Caste of philosophers is instituted in theNew Sun Empire. They are an outgrowth of the agrischool caste. Theybecome the "knights" of the "farmer/peasants". There are several epicpoems of these "philosopher/knights". The city of "Plant-light" isthe cultural center of the New Sun Empire.

-6,019 hf1 - 5,620 hf1: The Greagi warrior caste breaks into threefactions. Trade between the east western portion of the empire isdisrupted. The western empire expands into the "lands of the NightLight", and absorbs barbarian Gr2ians still in the early agrocollectorage. The two small continents (large islands) between the east andwest Greagi start to become semi independent sea powers in their ownright. There is a caste of sea captains still nominally loyal to theempire that rule them. This period is the height of the New Sun Empire. Early writtenlanguage (Greagi-lin) came from the early Greagi empire, but New Sunembellished the language and produced the first classical literaturehaving to do with secular subjects in Ground2 history. -5,620 hf1 to-5,202 hf1: Disease is contacted in Greagi West from Night Lightbarbarians. It is carried into Greagi West, SeaLand Greagi (caste ofsea captains), into Greagi East and finally into New Sun. The resultsare devastating. Caste turns against caste in fear. The economys ofall civilizations are ruined. The recovery time is about 600 years.

-5,202 hf1 to -4,981 hf1: The worst of dark period is reached whq enthe remnants of civilization from the Greagi Empire form the Tulun("caste to rid of us death") and engage in holy war with the remnantsof New Sun. By now human kind has developed enough of the resistanceto the disease that the population starts to grow again. Still thereare large sections of humanity that are continually being decimated.Records from this period show that the disease still has considerablevirilance in children.

-4,981 hf1 to -3,980 hf1: The wars cease and population increases.The Westers and Tulun reestablish civilization in (their) decayed

cities. Old learning is reintroduced from islands that served asconservatorys of former knowledge. Ship building takes place onceagain. The shift of economic power is firmly to the cities in Westerand Tulun. The formal power of agrarian Greagi is but a myth.

-3,980 hf1 to -3,607 hf1: A religious philosophy arises in Wester. Itis in direct compitition of the natural pantheism of the educatedcastes. There is a universalist appeal. This religion (calledDaymott) is close to monotheistic mysticism. In a little over threehundred years Daymott culturally unifies all of Wester and the entirewest half of Tulun. This is also the hight of the Tulun civilizationwhich expands into dense green lands to the East. Nearly all ofGround 2 is human populated during this period.

-3,607 hf1 to -2,998 hf1: A massive agricultural failure occurs inWester. The Daymott had an odd dogma concerning the cities. Theywere considered "farms". This probably goes back to the times ofagrarian government. Probably by reasons of land depletion and poordistribution a great famine hit Wester. This leads to a rebellion ledby military castes and older urban learned castes. The rebellion issuccessful and establishes a new order in Wester. The new order is anew universlist religion based in "suburban" religious communes. Thepersonified deity is Renasee the Protector Mother. But probably theProtector Mothers success is based on a more advanced agriculturaltechnology directly supported by the new church. The old Tuluncivilization is isolated and lethargic compared to the new one in thewest. Wester art is a type of organic realism often with Renasee themes.This is one of the first Gr2ian religions to quantify preciseexpressions of life after death.

-2,998 hf1 to -1,995 hf1: The Empire of the Protector Mother decaysinto chunks that are controlled by feuding generals. NeTulun enters aperiod of extreme xenophobia. Many cities of the old Westerresurgence are abandoned or destroyed once again. Warlords are basedin smaller fortifications. The political control of civilization inthe decaying empire is once again in the agrarian forest lands.

-1,995 hf1 to -1,523 hf1: City building takes place again in NeTulununder the religious leadership of food churces. For the first timethere exists a network of formal trading organizations between citiesin NeTulun and even formal commercial routes to warlords in thedefunct empire. In the west the period is known as the "War of the 41warlords". While they fight Jem Orn From Netul trade organizations inthe east is able to unify what could be called a large "mercantile"nation. There emerges a true bureaucratic secular national economicsystem. Science emerges as a discipline. This is the precursor tothe Orn nation state.

-1,523 hf1 to -1,354 hf1: The "War of the 41 warlords" comes to anend. The nation state of Orn is established. Formal algebra appearsin learned castes.

From this era comes the "Great Marching Musics". Also from this era isa literary form known as "Long tales with no ending". The emphasis of thestory is on a certain form and not content. Stories typically come to anabrupt end.

-1,354 hf1 to -1,202 hf1: The first steam engines appear in Orn. Thenations of Ornato, Nirova and Prevetine emerge as the three dominantpowers. Each is controlled by a mercantile caste. These threenations are the three dominant cultures (with associated languages andsuch). Economic power is being secularized (with variation dependingon culture) away from the "deity backed caste" to massive socialeconomics (i.e. the economies are becoming uniform and and notlocalized).

-1,202 hf1 to -999 hf1: The urbanization associated with an largeindustrial working caste takes place in the three nations. There isan associated increase in the productivity of the farming techniques.Often farms are found in the somewhat sprawled cities (typical ofGround 2 for this period). There are conflicts between the threenations but no decisive wars. The old warlord caste power is now buta myth and a thing of stories. This is also the exploration andcolonization of all the known world.

-999 hf1 to -762 hf1: Ornato becomes an industrial giant. Enough isknown about chemistry to produce steel. There are printing presses.The old castes become a shadow of their former status in all threenation states. Science is rapidly approaching a integrated ancoherent status. -762 hf1 to -693 hf1: Religion of compensationappears in Ornatos edge of colonization (a substate called Sotia).This religion in Sotia spreads like wildfire through the industrialworkers and some of the old farmer caste. There is curtailment of thereligion in Ornato and out and out supression in Nirova and Prevtine.

A new art form appears during the early Compensation period. It isoften called "Jaytonwun" which roughly translates into "a vision ofheaven and hell". In this art form you typically might find aromantic vision of efficient and happy people at the end of a"cornucopia" but with contrasting images of secret fears of selfdestruction. -693 hf1 to -647 hf1: The Compensation spreads fromSotia throughout the West continent. The center of the movement is inthe Privtine Nation where the first successful rebellions take place.From here Compensation spread to Nirova where the bloody and violent"holy wars" took place between industrial castes. In OrnatoCompensation is secularized and becomes a politicized religiousmovement developing curious theories about economics, governments andcastes. The conflict in Ornato between NeoComps and Castes is for themost part not tainted with large scale warfare.

Among these odd political theories is a questioning of the identity ofchurch and government. Others try to pose the question realistically"where does socially based evil come from?" Then there are all thesefunny answers based on primitive philosphies. "It comes from evilindividual people". "No its comes from interrelations and conditionsin the environment".

-647 hf1 to -539 hf1: Holy war rages in Privtine and Nirova. Therebellion is partially successful and liberalizes (with influence fromOrnato heretics). The tradition of the Comps is institutionalized ina number of religious and secular organizations. Science, music andliterature from Ornato are dominant during the Comp rebellion.

-539 hf1 to -488 hf1: Atomic science emerges in Ornato. There is aseries of succession wars which see the use of first mass destructionweapons and the use of airplanes. The three nations now become six,

Sotia, Orn, Nilla, Ortia, Speeortia, Niprivtineena. Nilla and Ortiahave a stronger collectivist government, but a more democratictradition in the culture. Sotia has a democratic collectivistgovernemnt (pseudo laissez faire) but a stronger (semi oppressive)cultural tradition. Orn, Speeortia and Niprivtineena have NeoCompistorligarchies of varying flavors. It is notable that Sotia and Orntake great national interest in astronomy.

-488 hf1 to - 430 hf1: A secular protocol is developed between the sixnations. Sometimes it is peaceful and other times it is not. This isin part due to consensus that "we were planted here for a unknownreason". There tend to be formal rules for skirmishing.

-430 hf1 to -378 hf1: Sotia, Orn and Speeortia launch spacesatellites. The other three nations soon follow suit. As Ground2enters the space age the religious culture in the society remainsstrong with no government ever separating church and state.

-377 hf1: Radio signals are from "aliens" are discovered after a spaceplatform is constructed (a multinational effort). This leads to afurther explosion of space activity. The signals are from Ground1. Agreat debate starts over whether to try to contact the "aliens". Soontelevision pictures are decoded and they find the essentially humanGr1ians. The Interspace Nations group decides to send a strong beamto Ground1 by -368 hf1.

(From this point on the timeline Ground2 history is considered to partof the early history of the First Human Federation).

Description Of the Menton System

Around a G3 main sequence star orbit 11 planets of the Menton Systems.The first planet is a Mercurial rock with no atmosphere. The secondis a hot small planet with a thin atmosphere of N. The third is theMenton system home world. The atmosphere at "sea level" is far toodense to sustain human life without suits and respirators. Menton isvery active geologically (and has been for the last 100,000 years)bearing a large number of mountain tops and plateaus directlyhabitable by human life (and named Mentons). The water supply isample. The radius of the planet is 11,799 kilometers with an escapevelocity of 1.41 gs. There are indigenous life forms that exist atall atmospheric levels. At the lower levels (in the atmosphere) thetop of the biological chain consists of crustacean like creatures andat the upper atmospheric levels the top of biological chain consistsof large flying reptiles and small mammals. ]Mentonians have roundfaces and oval (distinct) eyes. They are typically olive skinned withhair ranging from a deep brown to a flame red. They have copius bodyhair. The females have a small "mane" that run down their back, amark of beauty.

Two moons circle the third planet. Both have a thin atmosphere andboth have lifeforms that are based on small plants and insects (thatis the top of chain). The fourth planet is a gas giant (49528kilometers) with two moons. The first moon (planet) has a radius of11907 kilometers and an escape velocity of 1.78gs. Indigenous lifeconsists of highly adapted plantforms. The second moon-planet has aradius of 6009 kilometers and an escape velocity of .75gs. Like theothere moon-planet it also has a highly adapted plantform as the local

life. Both of these are technically classified as ice moon/planets.

The fifth planet is an ice planet with one small icy moon. The sixthplanet is small (2915 kilometers), but very dense with an escapevelocity of .67gs. It has two small icy moons circling it. Theseventh planet is a smaller gas giant with two icy moons. The eighth,ninth, tenth, eleventh and twelveth planets are also typical cryogenicplanetoid systems

-200,000 hf1 through -7,500 hf1 Humankind was delivered only to the safe plateaus mountain tops.There is no archiological evidence of any large group of humans thatdate back this far below the breathable levels on Menton. The humansare thought to be deposited on eleven of the two hundred some oddmountains and plateaus with a breathable atmosphere. Thus the area ofa inhabitable region averages about 2000 square kilometers. Some ofthe regions are in connected mountain ranges and otheres are isolated.Initial colonization of Menton seems to have been safe but the areascolonized are random. For much of Mentons protohistory bands ofMMentonians ranged through the mountains and plateaus hunting smallgame and gathereing food from the wilds. Archeological evidence showsthat there were isolated instances of eithere individuals or groupsmeeting their doom at the lower levels. Simultaneously on several ofthe original eleven Mentons (in a later planetary language "Menton"means "safe above") theree is development of sedentary agriculture anddomestication of smaller animals. There is some evidence of migrationthrough marginal areas. Two of the Mentons develop small permanentvillages. Toolmaking is limited to stone and bone.

-7,500 hf1 through -7,000 hf1

It is known art work that during this period were the first attemptsby MMentonians to tame Pureens (a large semi-intelligent flying bird(or reptile?) that is directly evolved from smaller flying reptileson Menton). These flying creatures had an enormous wingspan and couldeasily fly a large human an associated gear. Eventually Pureen Ridersbecame the primary method of communication between many Mentons formany centuries.

Biological evidence indicates Pureens evolved/permuted from life formsthat originally existed in the depths. Their coloring ranged fromlight gray to an almost jet black, depending on which sex they are andwhat locale they originate from. These magnificent animals areallowed off Menton in League times by planetary government license andspecial permission under Menton planetary law.

-7,000 hf1 through -3,712 hf1

A number of Mentons now have substantial towns (a town being a placewith an approximate population of 1,000). Each of these townsdeveloped a very fine (intricate, small but simple) of pictographicart. These become a form of communication carried between the townsby the now emerging Pureen Riders. This means that these towns alsohad enough wealth to (in the form of surplus) to have ascribe/artist/communicator.

The "pictogramentons" were drawn carefully from right to left in

sequential order. The basic writing was done in stick form for quickmessages. The more important messages were intricately drawn orcarved in bone. Sometimes colors were added that presumably renderedprecise meanings.

The relationship between the rider and the bird was consideredsemi-holy. There existed a number of religious myths concerning thebirds, the sun, the mountain tops and the poisonous atmosphere below.The Pureen flyers carry and propagate the pictograms from smallmountain city to small mountain city. Among the more interesting ofthe Menton pictograms from this period depict a highly accurateastronomy and a mathematic geometry.

There is a famous story about Beast, a large Pureen and its BlindMaster. The sun comes to him in a dream and tells him where it (thesun) can be found even when it is not warming Beast and Blind Master.The stories (theree are a number of them) tell about the jealousies,tasks, trials and rewards the Beast and Blind Master have with thepeaks and their spirits.

At approximately -5,900 hf1 several of the Mentons have transportedenough people via Pureen to start colonies on new peaks. The New PeakHomes are made up of the Pureen Riders, their families and theirfriends. Because of this the New Peak Homes became the centers ofthose people with almost 100% literacy in "Pictogramenton". Also insome of the New Peaks copper is discovered (and it is not particularlyabundant on Menton). Then we have the first metallurgy.

By -4,500 phonetic writing is developed with an approximate100character alphabet. During this time theree emerge a number of epictales describing the travels of Pureen riders and their dealings withthe anthropomorphized meteorological conditions on Menton. By -3,712hf1 a number of new peak homes have been formally tied by a CommonLaw. They call themselves Our Breasts (named after the shape of thepeaks).

-3,712 hf1 through -3,196 hf1

During this period the language of all Mentons that is outside directcontrol of the Pureen Riders develops. There is an increase in thecity side population and the first appearance of the organized armiesassociated to specific cities. Politically this reduces the directpower of the Pureen Riders. Those that ally with a particular citystill gain a high rank with prestige (but along with formal duties tothe rulers of the particular city). There emerges are nonmilitarygroup of Pureen riders that are known as the Wandering Scholars.There are also rogue and independent Pureen Riders that do not alignwith a city.

-3,196 hf1 through -1,391 hf1

The "Cavors" or keepers of citys start to enter into direct politicaland military competition. Part of this conflict has to do with foodsupply economics. The writing of the period often has messagesconcerning the claim of and the protection of agriculture. A secondsource of conflict are the control of Pureen Riders and theirfamilies. More than one battle was caused by the manipulations of asly Pureener.

Inter Menton conflicts had occurred but never had theree been militaryaction between peaks (mostly because of logistics). By -2,950 nearlyall Pureeners were the pawns of a particular Cavor and their domain.This obviously had an effect on the advancement of technology(i.e. complete domination by the Cavor). Also many of the morepowerful (and more populous) of the Menton (where they controlled allthe cities in the Menton) had agriculture that could no longer feedeverybody. Actually this had more to do with organization thantechnology. In -2,531 theree was a significant battle between OurBreasts and Sun Range. More than 2,000 Pureens were involvedaccording to a number of accounts from that time.

Metallurgical capabilities increased during this period (keeping inmind that copper was rare and iron even rarer). Pureeners that werenot aligned to a wealthy group or city flew with gear made soley outof leathere, wood, stone and othere nonmetallic materials. None ofthe wars were decisive and there existed several long periods thatwould lend themselves to uneasy truces.

Around -1,752 hf1 a series of agrarian riots hit the Our BreastsMenton group. This happens after a severe shortage of foods. Thisseries of revolts ushers in an age of social and military instabilitythat later transforms into technical and economic agrarian revolution.Wanderers are displaced from the cities and which experience famine.Food is planted outside many cities in many less accessible andmarginal areas of the peaks. By -1,400 this becomes the backbone of anew agricultural technology. Groups would "temporarily" descend intomarginal areas and plant productive plants that would grow theree.They developed habits and techniques not known to 'City Farmers'.

-1,391 hf1 through -721 hf1

The new AgriClans are able to attract and/or train their own PureenRiders. They forge into new areas previously not settled with theirown culture and emerging language. In the cities economic poverty andinstability lasts for anothere 600 years. Often cities would strikeat others or an accessible AgroClan (from the writings of the periodevidently not such an easy thing to do). There is an uneventechnological growth which culminates by -721. The inventor in theMenton alliance, Pert-Tie-Kee, invents a glider made out of wood whichwas of limited use. The Menton alliance Fleen invents and tests a hotair balloon which ends up being significant. Othere peak alliancesdisintigrate into economic and military chaos.

-721 hf1 through -524 hf1

This period is known as the Era of Hot Air Balloons. Each city peakover a period of 25 years develops a fleet of balloons. Thiseventually opens up the entire planet that is habitable tocolonization and exploration. And it obviously reduces the importanceof Pureeners whom are now used mostly for speed. Agriculture isstabilized as City Farmers and AgriClans recentralize. alliancesdissassociate and recombine with a minimal amount of large scalewarfare. There is a significant growth of population in all areas ofMentonian civilization.

The usage of wind driven machinery is used for the first time. Guildsthat control the ever increasing number of airships new start toestablish their own colonies. This is important because the airship

colonies would not be attached to a specific Menton but would oftenalign with a group of Mentons. By the end of the era gliding aircraftare practical (for certain airways faster than balloons, but not asreliable as Pureens).

-542 hf1 through -401 hf1

This era is known as the the Time of the 22 Clans. For Mentonianhomeworld history the Time of the Clan is the closest political entitythat would compare to Ground1 or Ground2s nation states. The clansgrew from the Airship Guilds (which still formally "exist" after theybecome clans). True machines are invented during this period.Warfare takes place between the clans (often they would create analliance and gang up on one who had become powerful and thereatenedthe otheres). However the pure logistics of Menton prevented theexistence of an empire. Each of the 22 clans has a special social ortechnical orientation that becomes part of clan mythology:

1. OUR BREASTS PARTY LINE:

Music involving many instruments, growing a certain variety of foodcalled "Chumlet". Dancing before battle.

2. OUR BREASTS OF CRAVING:

Rounder semi precious beads othere Mentons don't produce. Thepainting of faces with extra eyes.

3. ROMAM LEE NAME:

Decorated nipples on both male and female breasts. Bare and fertilewaters. Water like musics.

4. TEAROW NAME:

Sitting still in a large group, voice projection in syncopated rythms.A small and very sweet fruit. Teaching children to sit.

5. MAVLLEE TREES:

Drawing portraits straight ahead profiles. Smelly perfumes thatdisguise human odors.

6. TEARON NAME: Speaking with a singsong voice. Large shoes that make noise.

7. DEPTHS:

Cloth tinted orange or yellow. Tatooed buttocks males and females.

8. SAVE MINE:

A blue clear precious stone. A type of copper. Small metal object,particularly those that make sound.

9. ALL THE WAY TO KARO:

Drawing nearly perfect circles freehand. Drama concerning the real or

imagined biological plight of women.

10. COURT IS DENSE:

The master of angry remarks and exclamations.

11. PEERAM NAME:

Kicking hollow logs with stone shoes. "Animal" sounds from severalMentons. Welding glass bottles togethere.

12. TOPTOP:

Watching small objects during sun rise. Books with few words andmostly pictures.

13. NOT SO LOUD NOW:

They walk fast and dodge things. Whispering and nonverbal language.

14. ROUND FACE NAME:

Look at clouds and describe them. Preserving dead flesh.

15. SPIRE BUT FLAT:

Long slender sticks that are polished. A straight gait while walking.

16. LIPS NAME:

The art of staring in silence while making faces.

17. SHAKER BUT WET:

Dying of skins orange and blue. Beds that are very hard and flat.Snoring music.

18. TERB NAME:

Making the color grey for many purposes. Green flowering edibleplants.

19. PIFID:

The art of sleeping without dreams. Flat pieces of paper that make upthe clan art.

20. CRINE NAME:

Cursed irrigation ditches and toenail art.

21. CUP OF TREE:

Square board game of pattern matching. Producing sterility in maleswithout pain.

22. LONG MIST NAME:

Finely polished bones. Messages that are sour or angry that areworded politely.

When a clan would meet anothere ther required protocol would beseveral minutes of non-sense (that is assumed to be semi-religious inorigin) that was supposed to clear the mind for communication.Probably the smallest clan at the end of this period is about 100,000people. Around -401 theree is a small group of technical guilds inthe center of Menton population. These technical guilds do notoperate mass scale industrial productions but small scale "garage"size units. Modern physics is discovered and understood by the"techsons" or the guilds. At the end the era theree are radios andalcohol engines made on a small scale (mostly for airships).

-401 hf1 through -350 hf1

The development is a bit uneven, but the 22 clans premute intomultifunctional (nonparochial) organizations. A subclass of the 22develops around formal technology, science and learning. Unique toLeague Cosmos homeworld histories is a planetary culture without an"industrial revolution". Conflicts and dealings between the 22 clansremains formal but not hardened into a nation state bureaucracy.