ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Overview of Disinfection of Cultural Heritage Artefacts and Archive Materials by Ionizing radiation in Brazil: Culture meets Nuclear

Pablo Vasquez Nuclear and Energy Research Institute– IPEN

São Paulo - Brazil

YEARS

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Nuclear and Energy Research Institute -IPEN Nuclear and Energy Research Institute is a State of São Paulo autarchy, associated to the University of São Paulo – USP for educational purposes and supported and operated technically and administratively by the National Nuclear Energy Commission – CNEN, a federal agency of the Ministry of Science and Technology

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Sao Paulo University -USP

-The Sao Paulo University – USP is the largest Brazilian university with approximately 90,000 enrolled students and the country's most prestigious educational institution. -More than 25% of scientific papers published by Brazilian researchers in high quality conferences and journals are produced at the USP. -USP has eleven campi, the main is the University City in São Paulo, with an area of 7,443,770 m²

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Brazil: a multicultural South American country

-Pre-Columbian Native civilizations -Portuguese and African colonization -Immigrants from German, Italy, Siria, Lebanon, etc -Largest Japanese population outside Japan

The country owns several collections of historic value objects

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Brazilian weather conditions have been affected directly tangible materials

Natural disasters

Insects

Fungi attack

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Studies for CH restoration, provenance, authentication using XRF, PIXE , PIGE, photographic techniques, etc.

CH preservation and conservation using ionizing radiation processing:

disinfection and consolidation. -material characterization-

Dating for archaeology and art (AMS C14,TL)

Nuclear Techniques to Support Conservation and Preservation of Cultural Heritage (CH)

-Artefacts of organic origin: wood, paper, leather, textile, canvas, etc. -Mass contamination, war. -Emergency intervention, large structures or assemblies.

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Gamma radiation processing as an alternative to disinfection of cultural heritage artefacts and archived materials

Multipurpose Gamma Irradiation Facility at IPEN Brazilian technology - Capacity: 1000kCi - Category IV (IAEA –SSG-8)

- Several advantages mainly related to the safety, efficiency, reliability, capacity, process time and safe for environment.

- Strong interaction program with conservation and preservation institutions to diffusion of the irradiation technique – National and IAEA support

- More than 20,000 cultural artefacts preserved by this technology.

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Large scale gamma radiation processing São Paulo University –USP Institutions Historic Archive of the State of São Paulo –AHSP /among others

-Several books collection attacked by insects and fungi. -Gamma Irradiation disinfection. -More than 1000 m3

-15 USP Inst. benefited with gamma technology.

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Large scale gamma radiation processing

Architecture and Urbanism College FAU-USP

-More than 2000 architectural original projects and related materials from the Architecture and Urbanism College –FAU/USP were disinfected at the Multipurpose gamma Irradiation facility at IPEN/CNEN. -Poor storage conditions – insects and fungi. -Gamma Irradiation disinfection.

https://www.ipen.br/portal_por/portal/interna.php?secao_id=38&campo=5838

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Large scale gamma radiation processing

City Co. Planning and Development -Historical archives of Sao Paulo city modern planning containing purchase-sale contracts, loans, processes, engineering and architectural plans, etc. contaminated with fungi. - >200m3 processed by gamma radiation.

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Disinfection of the Mario de Andrade Public Library -The Mario de Andrade Public Library (BMA) is the biggest and one of the most important research centers in São Paulo. -More than 7 million of documents (books, journals, maps, photographs, etc.) are available for research. -BMA is located at the Sao Paulo downtown.

-Between 2007 and 2011 renovation works affecting the mean building (22 floors) of the BMA were done -new air ventilation and humidity control systems -In 2012, fungi infections in 15 floors affecting approximately 18,000 volumes and other items. - Multipurpose Gamma Irradiation Facility at the IPEN/CNEN has offered support to desinfection of affected volumes.

Before dry cleaning

Penicillium sp

after dry cleaning

after irradiation

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

-Incunables are books printed before 1501 in Europe. -Juan Repucci is the owner of a private collection of incunables, covering fields such as wine and viniculture. -Disinfection of approximately 5000 ancient books by gamma radiation

Rare books -Incunables Collection Preservation

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

-Remarkable applications are been developed by SIBi-USP and Brasiliana-USP libraries: “A Digital Library for all”. -In particular many rare books are been digitalizing after the irradiation process.

Selection/irradiation Digitalization Image Digital processing

Importation & Availability

São Paulo University –USP - Digital Preservation

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Modern Art Disinfection São Paulo – Metro Co.

Transport and processing at the Multipurpose Gamma Irradiation Facility -IPEN

São Paulo – Metro Co. : 91 art works (paintings) inside four metro stations infested by térmites and other insects

Conservare : Restoration

More than 300 paintings disinfected

Before irradiation

Before irradiation+ cleaning

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Modern Art disinfection Modern Art Museum-MAM -The collection of Modern Art

Museum – MAM is formed by 5000 modern art works by the most expressive Brazilian artist. -In many occasions, the Gamma Irradiation Facility at the IPEN/CNEN has offered support to solve problems related to insect control through an institutional partnership.

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Government State “Bandeirantes” Palace Museum

Remarkable Modern Brazilian Paintings disinfection

Tarsila do Amaral, Anita Malfatti, Di Cavalcanti, Clóvis Graciano, Candido Portinari, Alfredo Volpi and Tomie Ohtake

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Afro Brazil Museum: control of insect pests and fungi in cultural artefacts

-The Afro Brazil Museum is dedicated to the history, art and ethnological research, preservation and exhibition of objects related to the afro culture in Brazil. -4000 works: paintings, sculptures, prints, photographs, documents and ethnological pieces of Brazilian and foreign authors, produced between the fifteenth century and the present day. -Irradiation activities are carried out through an institutional partnership.

Ethnographic collections irradiation

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

- Waxworks of the Historic Museum Medical School –USP containing the reproduction of various skin lesions affected by insects and fungi.

- Radiation treatment prior restoration process.

Waxworks collections disinfection Historic Museum Medical School –USP

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Furniture Gamma Irradiation Immigration Museum of the Sao Paulo State Lina Bo & P.M. Bardi Institute Brazilian Society of Japanese Culture / among others

Irradiation for insects eradication. Several furniture pieces were processed by gamma radiation.

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Large sculptures disinfection

Pinacoteca of the São Paulo State -Irradiation of a “José Bento” sculpture, traditionally outdoor exposed attacked by insects and fungi. -Object of considerable weight (~1000 kg) and dimensions. -After the radiation processing the sculpture was sent to restoration.

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

- Xylophagous insects infestation of a sacred art sculpture of the Saint Benedicts Monastery.

- Judaic Museum - Prudente de Morais Museum - Musical Instruments disinfestation by gamma - Multipurpose Gamma Irradiation Facility at IPEN.

Remarkable CH success cases irradiation

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Promotions: movies, information in newspapers, at TV and internet: -IPEN Press Office: Ms Ana Paula Artaxo Netto -IAEA Press Office: Ms Louise Portterton Ms Laura Gil Mr Svetlomir Slavchev

Research /Scientific publications e.g. Free radicals decay Side-effects: Conservators and restorers frequently get worried about possible long time effects in irradiated materials (post-effects).

---Side-effects of doing nothing--- J.H.

Acting directions

Extensive dissemination programs to restorers and conservators – National and IAEA support.

-2012 Workshop: Preservation of paper and cultural objects: The use of ionizing radiation. IPEN, São Paulo,Brazil. Mr. Laurent Cortella (Nucléart, France) /Mr John Havermans (TNO, The Netherlands)

-2015 C7-RER-0.039-002 – Regional Training Course on Recent Developments in Irradiation Technology for CH Preservation and Restoration for Junior Specialists – Romania -2016 C7-RLA/0/058-001 - Regional Training Course : Using nuclear techniques in support of conservation and preservation of cultural heritage objects. IPEN, São Paulo,Brazil. Mr. Roman Padilla Alvarez -IAEA 10 LA countries

-Radiation Technologies in daily life https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ePiNdzWjoWM -Radiation Technologies in daily life https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wvid7KvPPjE

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Cooperation with National Museums & National Conservation Institutes -Institute o Brazilians Studies - IEB/USP -Afro Brazil Museum -Lina Bo & P.M. Bardi Institute -Modern Art Museum - MAM -Mario de Andrade Public Library -Pincacoteca of the Sao Paulo State -Sao Paulo Cultural Center – CCSP -Public Archive of the Sao Paulo State (APESP) -Government State Bandeirantes Palace Museum -Butantan Institute Historic Museum -Historic Museum of the Medical School of the Sao Paulo University -Immigration Museum of the Sao Paulo State -Contemporary Art Museum of the Sao Paulo University – MAC -Santo Andre Museum -Libraries of the Sao Paulo University: Laws School, Communications and Arts School, Chemistry School, etc. -Integrated Library System SIBi-USP -National Center for Industrial Learning – SENAI -City Co. - planning and development - -MRIZZO Restorations -Margot Crescenti – Research and Restorations -Visual Arts Museum – MAV of the University of Campinas – UNICAMP -Moreira Salles Institute -Tomie Ohtake Institute -Lasar Segall Museum among others.

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Acknowledgments

-Atelier Regional de Conservation ARC-Nucléart - CEA/Grenoble – France: Mr Laurent Cortella / Mr Quac-Khoi Tran -IRASM Radiation Processing Center /Horia Hulubei National Institute for Phisics and Nuclear Engineering – Bucharest – Romania: Mr. Corneliu Ponta -Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research TNO – Mr John Havermans.

IPEN Authorities: Mr Wilson A. Calvo Ms Margarida M. Hamada

International Agency of Atomic Energy Mr João Osso Junior Ms Louise Portterton Mr Sunil Sabharwal Ms Laura Gil Mr Svetlomir Slavchev Collaborating Researchers :

Mr Paulo Santos Ms Lucia Thome Ms Celina L. Oliveira Ms Marcia Rizzutto Ms Luci Machado Ms Maria H. Sampa Ms Yasko Kodama Ms Adriana Pires Ms Ana Paula A. Netto Ms Larissa Otubo Ms Vivian Freire Ms Ana P.P. Santana Mr Rafael Garcia Ms Fernanda Perroni Mr Orlando J. Rodrigues

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017 26

Radiation Technology Center – CTR/IPEN/CNEN Cultural Heritage Preservation using Ionizing Radiation

More information: Pablo Vasquez www.ipen.br pavsalva@ipen.br pavsalva@usp.br +55-11-3133 9881 +55-11-3133 9874

YEARS

Ana Paula A. Netto

ICARST International Conference on Applications of Radiation Science and Technology IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria

24 to 28 April 2017

Thanks!