overview about different ways of wind farm performance...
TRANSCRIPT
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Brisbane, November 21st 2011Markus Fischer, ENERCON Canada Inc.
Overview about different ways of wind farm performance validation
© Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 2
Agenda
Introduction
About ENERCONKey FactsElectrical WEC design
Performance validation in Germany
Performance validation in Québec
Conclusion
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© Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 3
Agenda
Introduction
About ENERCONKey FactsElectrical WEC design
Performance validation in Germany
Performance validation in Québec
Conclusion
© Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved.
Introduction
What is wind farm performance validation
On site testing of e.g.Steady state reactive power capability Dynamic voltage control performanceFault Ride Through behaviorActive power ramp ratesPower Quality
Provide proof to utility that most relevant grid connection conditions are met
Validation of computer models
Different requirements in different markets
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What is wind farm performance validation and why is it required?
MV
MV
MVLV PoC
HVLV
LV
3
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Introduction
What makes wind farm performance testing
Time consuming process preparationexecution reporting
No wind, no test
Influence of wind farm output on the grid during e.g. reactive power capability test
Fault Ride ThroughDifficult to test on wind turbine levelImpossible to test on wind farm level
Commercial consequences prior to completion of tests?
What makes wind farm performance testing so difficult?
© Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 6
Agenda
Introduction
About ENERCONKey FactsElectrical WEC design
Performance validation in Germany
Performance validation in Québec
Conclusion
4
© Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved.
About ENERCON, Key Facts
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Key Facts
Founded in 1984 in GermanyStill privately ownedVertically integratedMore than 17,400 WECs (~22 GW) installed27 Manufacturing facilities worldwideMore than 190 service stations
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Brazil (Sao Paulo/Fortaleza)
Sweden (Malmö) Germany (Aurich / Magdeburg)
Canada (Quebec)
Portugal (Vianado Castelo)
Turkey (Istanbul)
About ENERCON, Key Facts
Acitve markets
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5
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About ENERCON, Key Facts
Queensland12MW
South Australia70MW
Western Australia~50MW
ENERCON in Australia
88 WECs installed~130MW
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330 kW 900 kW 800 kW 800 kW
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About ENERCON, Key Facts
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2300 kW 3000 kW 7500 kW2000 kW2300 kW3000 kW
About ENERCON, Key Facts
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GENERATION
Controls
Generator Rectifier Excitation
Yaw Drives
Pitch Drives
About ENERCON, Electrical WEC design
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7
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UPS (optional)
Control cabinet
Transformer
LV Switchgear
CONVERSION
Inverters
MV Switchgear
About ENERCON, Electrical WEC design
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14
Circuit BreakerInverterDC-Link
=≈
RectifierUnit
Transformer
Excitation
RG
Ring Generator
UPS Chopper
ControlSystem
Filter
≈=
≈=
==
Electrical design characteristics
No gear boxRing generator is completely decoupled from the grid by full scale power converter
About ENERCON, Electrical WEC design
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8
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15
=≈RG
ControlSystem
≈=
≈=
==
Circuit BreakerInverterDC-LinkRectifier
UnitTransformer
Excitation
Ring Generator
UPS Chopper
Filter
Electrical design characteristics
No gear boxRing generator is completely decoupled from the grid by full scale power converterPerformance on the grid mainly determined by inverter (current source)
About ENERCON, Electrical WEC design
15
© Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 16
Agenda
Introduction
About ENERCONKey FactsElectrical WEC design
Performance validation in Germany
Performance validation in Québec
Conclusion
9
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System Service Act bonus payment
System Service Act with new grid connection requirements published in 2009
New WECs: additional 0,5ct/kWh for the first five years if requirements are met
Existing WECs: additional 0,7ct/kWh for five years if requirements are met
Compliance has to be proofed by unit certificate and plant certificate
System Service Act (SSA)is published
01.01.2009
Requirements of theSSA have to be met by new WECs
30.06.2010 30.06.2011
Additional requirements of the SSA for supporting the grid dynamically have to be met
No SSA Bonus anymore
01.01.2014
Performance validation in Germany
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FGW TR 8Basis are requirements of SDLWindVIEC 61400-21 Ed. 2 & FGW TR 3
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Active power control
Reactive power capability
Power Quality
Voltage & Frequency operating range
Validation by independent
and accreditedcertification institute
Validation by independent
and accreditedcertification institute
Unit Certificate
FGW TR 4
Unit CertificateUnit Certificate
Under Voltage Ride Through
Validation by independent
and accreditedcertification institute
Validation by independent
and accreditedcertification institute
Computer Model
Performance validation in Germany
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Active power control
Performance validation in Germany
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Power-frequency control
Activ
e po
wer
[MW
]Fr
eque
ncy
[Hz]
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Performance validation in Germany
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Performance validation in Germany
Steady state reactive power capability
Reactive power [% of rated active power]
Act
ive
pow
er [%
of r
ated
act
ive
pow
er]
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MV / HV transformer
Under Voltage Ride Through
ENERCON owns two UVRT test containers
Real faults are applied at real WEC
Measurement at LV terminals and MV side
Used for validation of dynamic models
Measurement at terminals
Unittransformer
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Performance validation in Germany
12
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Pos.
seq
u.
volta
ge [p
.u.]
Line
-to-g
roun
d vo
ltage
s [p
.u.]
Act
ive
and
reac
tive
curr
ent [
p.u.
]
Time [s]
Under Voltage Ride Through
Performance validation in Germany
© Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved.
Performance validation in Germany
Under Voltage Ride Through
Pos.
seq
u.
volta
ge [p
.u.]
Line
-to-g
roun
d vo
ltage
s [p
.u.]
Activ
e an
d re
activ
e cu
rren
t [p.
u.]
Time [s]
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FGW TR 8Basis are requirements of SDLWindV
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Plant Certificate
Unit Certificate and validated computer model
Grid data
Technical WEC and WF data Plant certificatePlant certificate
Validation by independent
and accreditedcertification institute
Validation by independent
and accreditedcertification institute
Performance validation in Germany
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Work flow plant certificate
Performance validation in Germany
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Agenda
Introduction
About ENERCONKey FactsElectrical WEC design
Performance validation in Germany
Performance validation in Québec
Conclusion
© Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved.
Performance validation in Québec
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Hydro-Québec validation test program
Available on Hydro Québec’s (HQ) websiteProvide proof that grid code requirements are metGeneral test Modules described
Dynamic voltage regulationUndervoltage responseInertial responseSteady state reactive power capabilityActive power ramp ratesPower Quality
Performance validation in Québec
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Agreement from HQ for commercial operation of WF
Agreement from HQ for commercial operation of WF
Tests on individual WEC
WF not completedWF not completed
WF completedWF completed
Tests on entire WF
WF in operationWF in operation
Online Monitoring
Final acceptance from HQFinal acceptance from HQ
Performance validation in Québec
Hydro-Québec validation process
Tests on individual WECPrimary voltage regulationUndervoltage responseInertial response
Tests on entire WFSecondary voltage regulationPower factorActive power ramp rates
Online monitoringPower qualityAny other operational issue
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Module B – Undervoltage response
UVRT tests on single WEC
On site tests costly and time consuming
Tests done by HQ in November 2010 at test site in Germany
Confirmation for acceptance of performance from HQ
Tests have not to be performed for each project
Performance validation in Québec
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Module C – Inertial response
ENERCON Inertia Emulation tests on single WECTests done by HQTE in June 2011 at test site in GermanyConfirmation for acceptance of performance from HQTETests have not to be performed for each project
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Performance validation in Québec
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Modules to be performed for each wind farm
Module D - Secondary Voltage RegulationModule E - Power FactorModule F - Maximum Ramp RatesModule G - Power Quality (Online monitoring)
Good example for reasonable mix of on-site testing and acceptance of type tests
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Performance validation in Québec
© Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. 34
Agenda
Introduction
About ENERCONKey FactsElectrical WEC design
Performance validation in Germany
Performance validation in Québec
Conclusion
18
© Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved.
Conclusion
Conclusion
Wind farm performance validation is important part of multi MW projectsGood communication between connection proponent, power system operator and WEC manufacturer key to smooth processChallenges have to be understood by power system operatorsAcceptance of certificates and type tests simplifies things
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Thank you